考研英語常見前后綴

1、1. 常見前綴序號(hào)類別小類前綴例示1否定純否定a-, an-asymmetry, anhydrousdis-dishonest, dislikein-, ig-, il-, im-, ir-incapable, inability, ignoble, impossible, immoral, illegal, irregularne-, n-none, neither, nevernon-nonsenseneg-neglectun- unable, unemployment錯(cuò)誤意義male-, mal-malfunction, maladjustmentmis-mistake, mislead

2、pseudo-pseudonym, pseudoscience反動(dòng)作意義de-defend, demodulationdis-disarm, disconnectun-unload, uncover相反、相互對(duì)立anti-, ant-antiknock, antiforeigncontra-, contre-, contro-contradiction, controflowcounter-,counterreaction, counterbalanceob-, oc-, of-, op-object, oppose, occupywith-withdraw, withstand2空間位置，方

3、向關(guān)系在之上，向a-aboard, aside附近，鄰近，邊側(cè)by-bypath, bypassHe bypassed his colleagues on the board and went ahead with the deal.周圍，環(huán)繞，回轉(zhuǎn)circum-, circu-circumstance, circuit, circum-Pacific island arccircum-Pacific volcanic belt在下，向下de-descend, degrade, dethrone,deport, deduce, derail, delete, depart, decamp, d

4、ecode, deforest, decolonize, devaluation在內(nèi)，進(jìn)入en-, encage, enbed外部，外ex-, ec-, es-exit, eclipse, expand, export額外extra-,extraction在前面fore-forehead, foreground(用于b,m,p之前), ir-, 表示“向內(nèi)，在內(nèi)，背于”in-, il-, im-inland, invade, inside, import在間，相互inter-, intel-, international, interaction, internet向內(nèi)，在內(nèi)，內(nèi)側(cè)intro-

5、, introduce, introduce中，中間medi-, med-, mid-Mediterranean, midposition在上面，在外部，在外out-, outline, outside, outward在上面，在外部，向上over-,overlook, overhead, overboard向后，在后邊，次post-,postscript在前、在前面pre-prefix, preface, preposition在前，向前pro-progress, proceed在下面，下sub-, suc-, suf-, sung-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-subwa

6、y, submarine, suffix, suppress, supplement在.之上super-, sur-superficial, surface, superstructure移上，轉(zhuǎn)上，在那一邊trans-translate, transform, transoceanic在.下面，下的under-underline, underground, underwater向上，向上面，在上up-upward, uphold, uphill3時(shí)間，序列關(guān)系先前，早于，預(yù)先ante-, anti-antecedent, anticipate先，故，舊ex-expresident, exhu

7、sband在前面，先前，前面fore-forward, forecast, foretell中，中間mid-, medi-midnight, midsummer在后，后post-postwar在前，事先，預(yù)先pre-, pri-preheat, prewar, prehistory在前，先，前pro-prologue，prophet再一次，重新re-retell, rewrite4比較程度差別關(guān)系副，次要的by-byproduct, bywork超越，額外extra-extraordinary超過，極度hyper-hypersonic, hypertension超過，過分out-outdo,

8、outbid超過，過度，太over-overeat, overdress, oversleep低，次，副，亞sub-, suc-, sur-subeditor, subordinate, subtropical超過super-, sur-supernature, superpower, surplus, surpass低劣，低下under-undersize, undergrown, underproduction副，次vice-vicepresident, vicechairman5共同，相等意思共同，一起com-, cop-, con-, cor-, co-connect, combine

9、, collect, combat, coexist, co-operate同，共，和，類syn-, syl-,sym-symmetry, sympathy, synthesis6整個(gè)完全意思完整，完全al-alone, almost, overall完全，全over-overall, overflow全，總，萬pan-Panentheism, panorama7分離，離開意思分離，離開a-，ab-, abs-away, apart, abstract, abstain離去，處去de-depart, decolour分離，離開dis-, di-, dif-divorce, disarm離開，分

10、離ex-, e-expel, exclude, expatriate離開，脫離for-forget, forgive離開re-release, resolve分離，隔離se-separate, seduce, select8通過，遍及通過，橫過dia-diameter, diagram通，總，遍per-, pel-perfect, perform, pervade橫過，貫通trans-transparent, transmit, transport9加強(qiáng)強(qiáng)化a-arouse, ashamed加強(qiáng)ad-adjoin, adhere10變換詞類作用的前綴be-, en-befriend, ensl

11、ave, enable, enrichad-, ac-, af-, ag-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at-adapt, accord, affix, aggression, arrive, assist, attend, attract, arrange, assign11數(shù)量關(guān)系單一、一mon-, mono-monotone, monopoly, monarch單調(diào)uni-, un-uniform, unicellular二，兩，雙ambi-, bi-, bin-, di-, twi-ambiguous, amphibian, bicycle, diode, twiligh

12、t三tri-tripod, tricycle十，十分之一deca, deco-, dec-, deci-decade, decimal百，百分之一hecto-, hect-, centi-hectometer, centimeter, centipede千，千分之一kilo-kilometer萬，萬分之一myria-, myri-, mega-, meg-, micro-myriametre, megabyte, microvolt許多，復(fù)，多數(shù)poly-, multi-polysyllable, multipmetre半，一半hemi-, demi-, semi-, pene-, pen-h

13、emisphere, demiofficial, semiconductor, semitransparent, peninsula12特殊意義首位，第一的，主要的arch-architect, archbishop自己，獨(dú)立，自動(dòng)auto-automobile, autobiography善，福bene-benefit優(yōu)，美好eu-eugenics, euphemism惡，不良male-, mal-maltreatment, malodor大，宏大macro-macroscopic大magni-magnificent微micro-microscope13術(shù)語聽，聲aud-audience生命

14、，生物bio-biography地球，大地geo-Geography, geology, geometry, geopolitics, geochemistry, geophysics聲，音調(diào)phon-phonograph遠(yuǎn)tele-television, telephone, telescope, telemeter2. 常見后綴序號(hào)類別小類前綴例示1名詞后綴具有某種職業(yè)或動(dòng)作的人-an, -ianAmerican, historian-alprincipal-ant,-entmerchant, agent, servant, student-arscholar, liar, peddler

15、-ard, -artcoward, laggard, braggart-arianhumanitarian, vegetarian-arysecretary, missionary-atecandidate, graduate-atoreducator, speculator-cratdemocrat, bureaucrat-eeemployee, examinee-eerengineer , volunteer-erbanker, observer, Londoner, villager-eseJapanese, Cantonese-essactress, hostess, managere

16、ss-euramateur, litterateur-ianChristian, physician, musician-icianelectrician, magician, technician-icistphysicist, phoneticist, technicist-icmechanic, critic-iedearie, auntie, lassie-iercavalier, clothier, brazier-ine, inaheroine, ballerina-istpianist, communist, dentist, artist, chemist-ivenative,

17、 captive-logistbiologist, geologist-orauthor, doctor, operator-steryoungster, gamester, songster名詞后綴構(gòu)成，具有抽象名詞的含義-acyaccuracy, diplomacy-agecourage, storage, marriage-alrefusal, arrival, survival, denial, approval; manual, signal, editorial, journal-ance, -enceendurance, importance, diligence, differ

18、ence, obedience-ancy, -encyfrequency, urgency, efficiency,-bilitypossibility, feasibility-craftwoodcraft, handicraft, statecraft-cracybureaucracy, democracy-cybankruptcy , supremacy-domfreedom, kingdom, wisdom-ery, -rybravery, bribery, rivalry-etyvariety, dubiety-faction,-facturesatisfaction, manufa

19、cture-hoodchildhood, manhood, falsehood-icenotice, justice, service-inemedicine, discipline, famine-ingbuilding, writing, learning-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition,action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction-iseexercise, merchandise-ismsocialism, criticism ; colloquialism, her

20、oism-itypurity, reality, ability, calamity-menttreatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument-monyceremony, testimony-nessgoodness, kindness, tiredness, friendlinessor, -ourfavor, error-ositycuriosity-shiphardship, membership, friendship-thdepth, wealth, truth, length, growth-tudelatitude, alti

21、tude-ureexposure, pressure, failure, procedure-yglory, history, victory, inquiry名詞后綴帶有場(chǎng)所，地方的含義agevillage, cottage-arylibrary, granary-ery, rylaundry, nursery, surgery-oryfactory, dormitory, laboratory, observatory帶有學(xué)術(shù)，科技含義-grapybiography, calligraphy, geography-ic, icslogic, mechanics, optics, elect

22、ronics-ologybiology, zoology, technology-nomyastronomy, economy, bionomy-erychemistry, cookery, machinery-yphotography, philosophy表示人和事物的總和，集合含義-agebaggage, tonnage-domnewspaperdom-hoodneighbourhood, womanhood-erycavalry, ministry-urelegislature, judicature表示物品和物質(zhì)名稱的含義-ant, entsolvent, constant-alsi

23、gnal, pictorial-arcollar, pillar- erboiler, computer ,washer, cooker-erydrapery-ingclothing, matting-mentinstrument, equipment , attachment表示“細(xì)小”的含義-cleparticle-culemolecule-elparcel-enchicken, maiden-etpocket, ticket-etta, -ette, etto,cigarette, essayette-kinnapkin-ybaby, doggy-lingduckling-let boo

24、klet2形容詞后綴帶有“屬性，傾向，相關(guān)”的含義-able, -iblemovable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible-alnatural, additional, educational-anurban, suburban, republican-ant, -entdistant, important, excellent-arsimilar, popular, regular-arymilitary, voluntary-icical, politic, systematic, historic, physical-inema

25、sculine, feminine, marine-ingmoving, touching, daring-ishfoolish, bookish, selfish-iveactive, impressive, decisive-orysatisfactory, compulsory-il, -ile, -eelfragile, genteel表示“相象，類似”的含義-ishboyish, childish-esquepicturesque-likemanlike, childlike-lymanly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly-sometroublesome, handsome-ymilky, pasty表示“充分的”含義-fulbeautiful, wonderful, helpful,