機(jī)械精度設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)報告

1、西安交通大學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)報告課程：精度設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)（七） 實(shí)驗(yàn)名稱：絲杠傳動機(jī)構(gòu)定位誤差測量實(shí)驗(yàn)一、 實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康模?、 了解光柵測量原理。2、 了解絲杠傳動機(jī)構(gòu)定位誤差的種類和測量方法。二、 實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容： 測量絲杠傳動機(jī)構(gòu)的定位誤差。三、實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)和分析1、 計(jì)算絲桿螺距誤差和螺距累積誤差牙側(cè)序號線紋尺讀數(shù)Xi(mm)螺距號實(shí)際螺距Pi(mm)螺距偏差（um）螺距號螺距累加偏差Pi (um)0-3.81514.005 5 1 5 1-7.82024.008 8 1213 2-11.82834.002 2 1315 3-15.83044.005 5 1420 4-19.83554.004 4 1524 5-23.

2、83963.999 -1 1623 6-27.83873.989 -11 1712 7-31.82783.992 -8 184 8-35.81993.981 -19 19-15 9-39.800103.999 -1 110-16 10-43.799113.980 -20 111-36 11-47.779123.996 -4 112-40 12-51.775133.997 -3 113-43 13-55.772143.998 -2 114-45 14-59.770153.993 -7 115-52 15-63.763164.000 0 116-52 16-67.763174.000 0 117-

3、52 17-71.763183.996 -4 118-56 18-75.759194.001 1 119-55 19-79.760203.994 -6 120-61 20-83.754214.000 0 121-61 21-87.754224.001 1 122-60 22-91.755234.000 0 123-60 23-95.755243.997 -3 124-63 24-99.752254.003 3 125-60 25-103.755264.003 3 126-57 26-107.758274.002 2 127-55 27-111.760284.002 2 128-53 28-11

4、5.762294.006 6 129-47 29-119.768304.002 2 130-45 30-123.770314.004 4 131-41 31-127.774323.999 -1 132-42 32-131.773334.000 0 133-42 33-135.773344.001 1 134-41 34-139.774354.005 5 135-36 35-143.779364.001 1 136-35 36-147.780374.003 3 137-32 37-151.783384.017 17 138-15 38-155.800394.002 2 139-13 39-159

5、.80240由上述數(shù)據(jù)可知：絲桿螺距誤差P= |Pi|max =0.020mm 絲桿螺距累計(jì)誤差為：P(L)= (Pi)max -(Pi)min=0.024-(-0.063)=0.087mm 2、 回程誤差的計(jì)算牙側(cè)序號正向（mm）反向（mm）正向回程誤差（mm）03.769-3.815-0.046 17.78-7.820-0.040 211.785-11.828-0.043 315.791-15.830-0.039 419.801-19.835-0.034 523.81-23.839-0.029 627.815-27.838-0.023 731.825-31.827-0.002 835.82

6、1-35.8190.002 939.825-39.8000.025 1043.824-43.7990.025 1147.82-47.7790.041 1251.829-51.7750.054 1355.827-55.7720.055 1459.828-59.7700.058 1563.825-63.7630.062 1667.829-67.7630.066 1771.824-71.7630.061 1875.82-75.7590.061 1979.809-79.7600.049 2083.805-83.7540.051 2187.805-87.7540.051 2291.812-91.7550

7、.057 2395.808-95.7550.053 2499.811-99.7520.059 25103.813-103.7550.058 26107.811-107.7580.053 27111.929-111.7600.169 28115.827-115.7620.065 29119.841-119.7680.073 30123.84-123.7700.070 31127.85-127.7740.076 32131.854-131.7730.081 33135.865-135.7730.092 34139.866-139.7740.092 35143.855-143.7790.076 36

8、147.841-147.7800.061 37151.841-151.7830.058 38155.841-155.8000.041 39159.832-159.8020.030 回程誤差H=（hmax/A）*100%=(0.169/160)*100%=0.106%四、實(shí)驗(yàn)報告要求1、計(jì)算絲杠螺距誤差和螺距累積誤差。答：由數(shù)據(jù)分析可知：絲杠螺距誤差為：0.020mm 絲桿螺距累積誤差為：0.087mm 2、計(jì)算絲杠的回程誤差，并分析回程誤差產(chǎn)生的原因。答：回程誤差：0.106%產(chǎn)生原因：同一個尺寸進(jìn)行正向和反向測量時，由于結(jié)構(gòu)上的原因例如結(jié)構(gòu)間隙、運(yùn)動部件的摩擦、彈性元件滯后等，致使剛剛回程時就產(chǎn)生了誤差。3、說明螺紋測量與絲桿定位精度測量方法的各自用途。答：螺紋測量的用途：主要是對螺紋的靜