LectureSix.ppt

1、Lecture Six,Chapter Five (Review),Course Outline Telling stories (20-25) Exercises and Quiz Assignment: Preview the next sections (translation of useful expressions),Quiz,1) The Four Books (_ , _ , _ , _ ) and The Five Classics (_ , _ , _ _, _ , and _ ) cover a wide range of subjects and are _ for t

2、he Confucian scholars to disseminate the educational thoughts of the Confucian School and _ who had to pass _ to become government officials.,1. Gap Filling,Quiz,1) The Four Books (The Great Learning , The Doctrine of the Mean , The Confucian Analects , and The Works of Mencius ) and The Five Classi

3、cs (The Book of Poetry , The Book of History , The Book of Rites , The Book of Changes , and The Spring and Autumn Annals ) cover a wide range of subjects and are the most important textbooks for the Confucian scholars to disseminate the educational thoughts of the Confucian School and a must for an

4、cient scholars who had to pass the imperial competitive examination to become government officials.,1. Gap Filling,2) The Great Learning is about _ and _ during the “daxue” (or great learning or higher education) period of ancient China.,3) The Confucian Analects or The Analects embodies the Confuci

5、an concept of _, and another concept of _ _.,4) The Works of Mencius embodies the _ _ of Mencius. He developed and enriched the _ _of Confucius and supposed that _, and called for _.,2) The Great Learning is about the cultivation of ones moral character and the wisdoms of governing a country during

6、the “daxue” (or great learning or higher education) period of ancient China.,3) The Confucian Analects or The Analects embodies the Confucian concept of ren or humanity or benevolence, and another concept of yi or righteousness.,4) The Works of Mencius embodies the philosophical and political thinki

7、ng of Mencius. He developed and enriched the “ren and yi theory” of Confucius and supposed that every man is good by nature, and called for a benevolent government.,5) The Book of History is an incomplete _ of ancient China. It is an invaluable reference for _ _ in ancient China and is the source of

8、 _ in China as well. This book consists of three parts: _by the lords to their subjects; _,6) The Spring and Autumn Annals is _. It consists of three Commentaries: _ focuses on history; the Commentaries of _ concentrate on _.,5) The Book of History is an incomplete collection of the history of ancie

9、nt China. It is an invaluable reference for the study of the primitive and feudal societies in ancient China and is the source of narrative writing in China as well. This book consists of three parts: the exhortations, oaths or declarations by the lords to their subjects; the advice or suggestions o

10、f the subjects to their lord; folklores or other materials,6) The Spring and Autumn Annals is a canonical book of history. It consists of three Commentaries: the Commentary of Zuo focuses on history; the Commentaries of Gongyang and Guliang concentrate on comments on historical events.,7) Beijing Op

11、era emerged in _, when _ was gradually on the wane because it was only enjoyed by the nobles in the royal court, not the general public. It is _ of the Chinese nation as well as _ of China, and is enjoyed by a large Chinese audience.,7) Beijing Opera emerged in Qing Dynasty, when Kun opera was gradu

12、ally on the wane because it was only enjoyed by the nobles in the royal court, not the general public. It is a treasure of the Chinese nation as well as a cultural symbol of China, and is enjoyed by a large Chinese audience.,8) Classification of Beijing Opera,8) Classification of Beijing Opera,8) Cl

13、assification of Beijing Opera,8) Classification of Beijing Opera,9) is the earliest kind of traditional Chinese painting; It reflects to a great degree _ Confucian scholars, with the aim to and make people . It is divided into five major categories: , _, _, _, and _,10) Traditional Chinese landscape

14、 painting embodies the Chinese peoples _, _, and _ _. It is a unique tradition of Chinese landscape painting to create _( viz. to seek a unity of _ _, of _, with an emphasis on _).,9) Figure painting is the earliest kind of traditional Chinese painting; It reflects to a great degree aesthetic and ar

15、tistic thinking of Confucian scholars, with the aim to rectify ones mind and make people abstain from their desires. It is divided into five major categories: gongbi (detailed brushwork), jianbi (sketchy brushwork), xieyi (free hand brushwork), baimiao (outline drawing), and pomo (splash-ink).,10) T

16、raditional Chinese landscape painting embodies the Chinese peoples conception of nature, their aesthetic awareness, and their wisdom and sentiment. It is a unique tradition of Chinese landscape painting to create artistic conception( viz. to seek a unity of form and spirit, of human feelings and nat

17、ural settings, with an emphasis on the expression of the painters own thoughts and feelings).,11) Calligraphy is _; it is a traditional art with a long history and _. It has five major scripts, namely _, _, _, _ _, and _,12) Four Great Masters of the Regular Script are _, _ _, _ (of the Tang Dynasty

18、) and _ (of the Yuan Dynasty ),11) Calligraphy is native to China; it is a traditional art with a long history and national characteristic features. It has five major scripts, namely the Seal Character, Official Script, Regular Script, Running Script, and Cursive Script,12) Four Great Masters of the

19、 Regular Script are Ouyang Xun, Yan Zhenqing, Liu Gongquan (of the Tang Dynasty) and Zhao Mengfu (of the Yuan Dynasty ),2. Introduce the following topic to foreigners: The Doctrine of the Mean The Book of Poetry The Book of Changes the “Four Treasure of the Study”,The Doctrine of the Mean,another es

20、say in The Book of Rites, a sister chapter to The Great Learning; about the Confucian philosophy of life; Zhong means neither too many nor too few; Yong means neither outstanding nor common; “Confucian Way of the Heart”: loyalty, filial piety, benevolence, and love are all part of human nature. Howe

21、ver, not everyone can let nature take its course. Therefore, education is necessary to perfect them. If everyone makes strict demands on themselves, and does everything according to the Confucian rites, the society will go smoothly. People should try to be sincere by cultivating themselves so as to

22、follow the right way, the golden mean.,comprises 305 poems from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period; three versions: collecting of folk songs, gleaning of congratulatory poems and the selection of the poem by Confucius; three categories: feng (fo

23、lk songs collected from the dukedoms), ya (odes, regular music, traditionally sung at court festivities ceremonies, banquets and other solemn occasions), and song (hymns, dance music sung at sacrifices of ancestral spirits of the royal house) three techniques of expressions: fu (poems with a straigh

24、tforward narrative content), bi (poems with explicit comparisons), xing (poems based on implied comparisons) reflects the life in ancient China and the feelings of various classes,The Book of Poetry,The Book of Changes,A book used for divination; Consists of symbols and lexicological commentaries; Y

25、in and Yang are two basic symbols, representing the universe and the human world; Eight basic trigrams, each named for a natural phenomenon; 64 symbolic hexagrams, each of which is made up of two partsupper trigrams and lower trigrams or outer trigrams and inner trigrams; A philosophical work, putti

26、ng forward an ontological theory: from taiji come the two primary forcesyin and yang, from which the four images, and from which the eight trigrams; It fosters an outlook on the evolution of the universe; it explains the internal cause of changes and transformations; it discusses the transformation

27、of a contradiction; it expounds the trinity or union of Heaven, Earth, and Man.,The Four Treasures of the Study,3. Translate the following Chinese paragraph into English: 京劇唱腔悠揚(yáng)委婉，聲情并茂；京劇念白簡(jiǎn)潔生動(dòng)，韻律性和節(jié)奏感很強(qiáng)；京劇樂(lè)隊(duì)的演奏旋律優(yōu)美，曲調(diào)動(dòng)聽(tīng)；京劇舞臺(tái)美術(shù)絢麗多彩；京劇臉譜極富民族特色。所有這些特點(diǎn)，都是京劇不愧為世界表演藝術(shù)大花園中一朵獨(dú)放異彩的奇葩。,The singing in Beijing Opera is mel