林語(yǔ)堂翻譯理論ppt課件.ppt

1、林語(yǔ)堂的翻譯理論與實(shí)踐,1,林語(yǔ)堂,2,Life and Works,Lin Yutang (October 10, 1895 March 26, 1976) was a Chinese writer and inventor. He was born in a small town in Zhangzhou, Fujian. His father was a Christian minister. His has shifted his faith from Christianity to Taoism and Buddhism, and back to Christianity .He o

2、btained his bachelors degree from St. Johns University in Shanghai , a masters degree in comparative literature from Harvard University , and a doctorate in linguistics from Leipzig,3,University in Germany(德國(guó)萊比錫大學(xué)). He has been celebrated as a Chinese author of books in English and known for his wor

3、k as a linguist, philosopher, writer, traveler, and inventor. From 1923 to 1926 he taught English literature at Peking University. Urged by Pearl Buck(賽珍珠),he went to America in 1935 and soon published his first best sellers My Country and My People. Actually, his main countribution is writting, esp

4、ecially writtings in English, not translation.,4,1940年紐約艾邁拉大學(xué)（Elmira College）校長(zhǎng)給他頒授榮譽(yù)文學(xué)博士學(xué)位時(shí)，稱贊他為“哲學(xué)家、作家、才子、是愛(ài)國(guó)者，也是世界公民”， “ by the magic of your pen, you have portrayed the soul of your great people to the people of the English speaking world in a way no person has ever done before. In doing so, you

5、 have spoken to the people of the English speaking world in their own language with an artistry that is at once their envy, admiration and despair.”,5,Lin is best known for his translation of Humor. His promotion of humorous literature won him the title of Master of Humor.,6,Translation works,英譯漢： 1

6、.國(guó)民革命外記 原著者待查 2.女子與知識(shí) 羅素夫人原著 3.易卜生評(píng)傳及其情書 布蘭地司原著 4.賣花女(劇本) 蕭伯納原著 5.勵(lì)志文集 馬爾騰博士原著 6.新的文評(píng) 史賓岡、克羅齋、王爾德等原著,7,漢譯英： 1. Six Chapters of a Floating Life, by Shen Fu, Rendered into English by Lin Yutang 浮生六記，清朝沈復(fù)原著 2. Chuangtse, 英譯莊子 3. The Importance of Understanding: Translations from the Chinese 中國(guó)古文小品選譯（又稱

7、古文小品）晉朝陶潛等原著,8,4. Nun of Taishan and other Translations 英譯老殘游記第二集及其他選譯 5. The Chinese Theory of Art: Translation from the Master of Chinese Art中國(guó)畫論，譯自國(guó)畫名家 6. 冥寥子游 明朝屠隆原著,9,He creates a lot of famous novels in English, including his first successful book My Country and My People (吾國(guó)與吾民), and Moment i

8、n Peking ( 京華煙云 ) for which he was once nominated for the Nobel Prize for Literature.,10,Parts of his works are adapted translations from Chinese classics, for example, his The Wisdom of Laotse (老子的智慧) is translated from Laotses The Book of Tao (道德經(jīng)).,11,Apart from that, he translated and introduced

9、 a great deal of Chinese literature abroad, such as Six Chapters of a Floating Life (浮生六記) by Shen Fu (沈復(fù)) in the Qing Dynasty, making enormous contributions to dissimilating Chinese culture.,12,Translation Theory and practice,He wrote the essay On Translation and put forward the new criteria of tra

10、nslating“ Faithfulness, Coherence, Beauty.”,13,林語(yǔ)堂在論翻譯中提出的翻譯觀： “faithfulness”,“expressiveness” and“ beauty 1.忠實(shí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)： 林氏認(rèn)為, 忠實(shí)的程度大致可以分為四等: 直譯、死譯、意譯和胡譯。 2.通順標(biāo)準(zhǔn): 以句義為先, 字義為后。與此同時(shí), 林氏還提出句譯理論, 主張翻譯只能以句為主體的 句譯, 不能以字為主體的字譯。 3.美的標(biāo)準(zhǔn): 翻譯還有美的方面須兼顧。理想的翻譯家應(yīng)當(dāng)將其工作當(dāng)做一種藝術(shù)。以愛(ài)藝術(shù)之心愛(ài)它, 以對(duì)藝術(shù)謹(jǐn)慎不茍之心對(duì)它, 使翻譯成為美術(shù)之一種。,14,他又從另一角度

11、將這三條說(shuō)成是譯者的三種責(zé)任: 第一是譯者對(duì)原著者的責(zé)任, 第二是譯者對(duì)中國(guó)讀者的責(zé)任, 第三是譯者對(duì)藝術(shù)的責(zé)任。三樣的責(zé)任心齊備, 然后可以謂具有真正譯家的資格。,15,In On Poetry Translation: advocates that in translating poetry，it is acceptable to use rhymes，but generally speaking，it is more advisable not to use rhymes. In his poetry translation，the rhythm inherent in a poem d

12、ominates over rhymes.,16,浮生六記 中林譯與 Shirley 版本對(duì)比,例一：至乾隆庚子正月二十二日花燭之夕 (沈復(fù)) Our wedding took place on the twentysecond of the first moon in 1780(Lin Yutangl1) Five years were to pass before our wedding candles burned , at dusk, on the twentysecond day of the first month of the year of the rat一1780(Shirl

13、ey MBlack),17,“花燭之夕”意為“舉行婚禮”?！跋Α彪m然有 “傍晚”之意，但在這個(gè)成語(yǔ)中只是一個(gè)籠統(tǒng)的時(shí)間 概念，并非確切的某個(gè)時(shí)間。林語(yǔ)堂提出“譯者對(duì) 于原文有字字了解而無(wú)字字譯出之責(zé)任?！币虼?，他對(duì)“花燭之夕”的翻譯是“our wedding took place”，而Shirley MBlack將它譯成“our wedding candles burned，at dusk”雖然Shirley MBlack將成語(yǔ)“花燭之夕”的每一個(gè)字都譯了出 來(lái)，但是譯文很可能給目的語(yǔ)讀者造成誤解：讀者看 到“dusk”一詞，不免聯(lián)想到原來(lái)中國(guó)的婚禮總是在 晚上舉行的。林語(yǔ)堂沒(méi)有對(duì)“花燭之夕”

14、字字對(duì)譯但是，他的譯文為目的語(yǔ)讀者傳達(dá)了該成語(yǔ)的確切 含義。,18,例二：正值太平盛世，且在衣冠之家(沈復(fù)) The country was then in the heyday of peace and, moreover was born in a scholars family(Lin Yutang ) Mine was a fulldress familyone of scholars and gentle People(Shirley MBlack ),19,漢語(yǔ)中的“衣冠之家”是學(xué)者文人之家的意思， 所以，林語(yǔ)堂的譯文是“a scholars family”；但是 Shirley

15、MBlack將其翻譯為“fulldress family，one of scholars and gentle people”她對(duì)“衣冠之家”的翻 譯又是字字對(duì)譯，與林語(yǔ)堂的翻譯比較而言，語(yǔ)言顯 得冗長(zhǎng)。,20,Lets appreciate a poem,21,詩(shī)歌翻譯中美的體現(xiàn),聲聲慢 尋尋覓覓， 冷冷清清， 凄凄慘慘戚戚。 乍暖還寒時(shí)候， 最難將息。 三杯兩盞淡酒， 怎敵他曉來(lái)風(fēng)急?,Slow slow tune So dim，So dark， So dense， So dull， So damp， So dank， So dead The weather，now warm，now co

16、ld， Makes it harder than ever to forget! How can thin wine and bread Serve as protection Against the piercing wind of sunset!,22,葬花吟 Taiyu Predicting Her Own Death 花謝花飛飛滿天,紅消香斷有誰(shuí)憐? 游絲軟系飄春榭,落絮輕沾撲繡簾。 Fly, fly, ye faded and broken dreams Of fragrance, for the spring is gone! Behold the gossamer entwine the screens, And wandering catkins kiss the stone.,23,閨中女兒惜春暮,愁緒滿懷無(wú)著處, 手把花鋤出繡簾,忍踏落花來(lái)復(fù)去？ Here comes the maiden from out her chamber door, Whose secret no one shall share. She gathers the trodden blossoms lingeringly, And says to them her votive prayer. ,24,Thanks.,25,