專四語法解(狀語從句).ppt

1、副詞性（狀語）從句,Adverbial Clause,副詞在句中起狀語作用，故如果起狀語作用的部分為一個句子，那么該句便是副詞性從句，也稱狀語從句。狀語從句可細(xì)分為：時間、地點、條件、原因、讓步、目的、結(jié)果、比較、方式等。 狀語從句的測試重點為：考查對主從句之間邏輯意義關(guān)系的把握，看其是否能選擇正確的從屬連詞。,1.讓步狀語從句 Adverbial Clause of Concession,讓步狀語從句：除了2000，2007，2011年沒考，其他年份都考過 由下列連接詞引導(dǎo)：though, although, even if / though； as；while； for all (that

2、) (雖然，盡管）; no matter how/ what / when / where, however, whatever等,eg. While I disapprove of what you say, I would defend to the death your right to say it. 雖然我不贊成你所說的話，我還是要拼命維護你這樣說的權(quán)利。 Exhausted though/as she was, there was no hope of her being able to sleep. However wise a person is, he will make s

3、ome mistakes.,真題講解,1. _ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay. (09, 54) A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whichever D. However A 2. _ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment. (08, 55) A. Much enough B. Much as C.

4、 As much D. Though much B,3. _ dull he may be, he is certainly a very successful top executive. (06, 51) A. Although B. Whatever C. As D. However D 4. _, Mr. Wells is scarcely in sympathy with the working class.(05, 52) A. Although he is a socialist B. Even if he is a socialist C. Being a socialist

5、D. Since he is a socialist A,5. _, Ill marry him all the same. (04, 52) A. Was he rich or poor B. Whether rich or poor C. Were he rich or poor D. Be he rich or poor D 6. Whether my brother _ right or wrong, he will have my unwavering support. (01, 62) A. is B. were C. be D. would be C,7. _ I like ec

6、onomics, I like sociology much better. (03, 59) A. As much as B. So much C. How much D. Much as D 8. Fool _ Jane is, she could not have done such a thing. (02, 58) A. who B. as C. that D. like B,9. _ I sympathize, I cant really do very much to help them out of the difficulties. (01, 56) A. As long a

7、s B. As C. While D. Even C 10. Fool _ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing. (10, 55) A. who B. as C. like D. that B,11. _ he needed money for a few car, he decided not to borrow it from the bank. (98, 48) A. Much as B. Much though C. As much D. Though much A 12. _, he always tries his best

8、to complete it on time. (99, 51) A. However the task is hard B. However hard the task is C. Though hard the task is D. Though hard is the task B,13. Much as _, I couldnt lend him the money because I simply didnt have that much spare cash. (99,52) A. I would have liked to B. I would like to have C. I

9、 should have to like D. I should have liked to A 14. _, he is ready to accept suggestions from different sources.(97, 46) A. Instead of his contributions B. For all his notable contributions C. His making notable contributions D. However his notable contributions B,2.條件狀語從句 Adverbial Clause of Condi

10、tion,引導(dǎo)詞除if外，還有unless, in case, if only ., only if ., provided / providing (that), assuming (that), so / as long as, on condition that, suppose / supposing (that), in the event that; whether or not 可表示選擇條件句。,eg. You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting provided you dont mind taking the nigh

11、t train. Assuming he is diligent in his studies at ordinary times, he is sure to pass the test. In the event that she has not been informed, I will tell her. (如果),You can go swimming on condition that you dont go too far from the river bank. (如果) Suppose it rained, we would still go. (假如) Say it wer

12、e true, what would you do about it? (假如),從句的省略。當(dāng)條件狀語從句的主語與主句主語一致，并且從句謂語含有be時，可以將從句主語和be一起省略。 這被稱為帶連詞的無動詞狀語從句。 如： Although (he is) very young, he works as hard as an adult. The child is never peevish unless (he is) sick.,真題講解,1. He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, _ that he paid

13、 me back the following week. (05, 64) A. on occasion B. on purpose C. on condition D. only if C,2. If not _ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time. (04, 55) A. being treated B. treated C. be treated D. having been treated B,3. _ both sides accept

14、the agreement _ a lasting peace be established in this region. (04, 60) A. Only if, will B. If only, would C. Should, will D. Unless, would A 4. _ that the demand for gasoline continues to rise at the current rate, it will not be long before its price rockets to a terribly high level. (04, 64) A. As

15、certaining B. Assuming C. Concerning D. Regarding B,5. This is an illness that can result in total blindness _ left untreated. (00, 42)A. after B. if C. since D. unless B,3.時間狀語從句 Adverbial Clause of Time,（1）when , while; after; before; as; as soon as; once; until; whenever等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句 eg. My husband

16、was doing washing at home while I was out shopping. The racing car went out of control before it hit the barrier. The new regulation does not go into effect until the first of March.,（2）Hardly / Scarcely . when; No sooner than eg. He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left

17、 the country. He had no sooner returned than he bought a fine house.,（3）the minute / moment /day, the first / second / last time, each / every / next time eg. New supplies came the day our fuel ran out. The machine starts the moment the button is pressed. Our greatest glory consists not in never fal

18、ling, but in rising every time we fall. 我們最值得驕傲的不在于從不摔跤，而在于每次摔跤后都能站起來。,4) since “自從”，從句用非延續(xù)動詞，主句完成時態(tài) eg. Since she went to New York, her father has not heard from her.,(5)副詞directly, immediately, instantly, now引導(dǎo)時間從句, 相當(dāng)于as soon as。 eg. The policemen went into action directly they heard the alarm. I

19、mmediately his intentions are understood, he may leave. I recognized her instantly I saw her.,真題舉例,1. The couple had no sooner got to the station _ the coach left. (09, 60) A. when B. as C. until D. than D 2. I enjoyed myself so much _ I visited my friends in Paris last year. (08, 56) A. when B. whi

20、ch C. that D. where A,4.原因狀語從句 Adverbial clause of Cause/Reason,常用引導(dǎo)詞since, as, because, in that, 等 (1)in that引導(dǎo)原因從句時,有時翻譯成“是因為”、“就在于”。如: Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication in that the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered. Criticism and self-criticism is necess

21、ary in that it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.,(2)now that表示 “既然” ; seeing that, considering表示“鑒于”、“考慮到”。如: Now that we have all the material ready, we should begin the new task at once. He did poorly in the examinations, considering how hard he had tried for them. Seeing that she is lawf

22、ully old enough to get married, I dont think you can stop her. 其他引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的連接詞語還有: for the (simple) reason that, by reason that, on the grounds that等。,真題舉例,1. Men differ from animals _ they can think and speak. (08, 54) A. for which B. for that C. in that D. in which C 2. Barry had an advantage over

23、his mother _ he could speak French. ( 2001, 59) A. since that B. in that C. at that D. so that B,5. 方式狀語從句 Adverbial Clause of Manner,主要由as ，as if / though, (in) the way (that), (in) the same way (as), what等引導(dǎo) eg. Everything happened as expected. Reading is to the mind what /as exercise is to the bo

24、dy. The way you are studying now, you wont make much progress.,真題舉例,1. Nine is to three three is to one. (08, 53) A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what D 【語法點】方式狀語從句 【詳解】 這是固定句型，用來指what前后兩句話有著相類似的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，即“A對B就如A1對B1”，類似的句子還有：Water is to fish what air is to men. 此句型中的what也可以用as。,2. She did her work _ her manager had instructed. （2002, 41） A. asB. untilC. whenD. though A 3. Intellect is to the mind _ sight is to the body. ( 2001, 45) A. what B. asC. that D. like A,6. 其他狀語從