2012屆高考英語復(fù)習(xí)課件專題2 第9講 非謂語動(dòng)詞.ppt

1、第9講 非謂語動(dòng)詞,考點(diǎn)歸納1：現(xiàn)在分詞和不定式作結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別,不定式(短語)作結(jié)果狀語時(shí)，前面往往有only/just修飾，表達(dá)出人意料或不情愿看到的結(jié)果；現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)作結(jié)果狀語，表達(dá)合乎情理的自然的結(jié)果。,考點(diǎn)歸納2：動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別,為了表達(dá)動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，此時(shí)使用名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)，此結(jié)構(gòu)叫做動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)不作主語時(shí)，其中的名詞所有格可以改為普通格，物主代詞可改為賓格。如： my fathers going alone my father going alone; our taking part in i

2、t us taking part in it。,“with 賓語賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)叫with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，其中賓補(bǔ)可由非謂語動(dòng)詞(不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞)，介詞，形容詞，副詞(限表方位，狀態(tài)，地點(diǎn)的副詞)及名詞充當(dāng)，在句中主要作狀語，有時(shí)可作定語。 時(shí)間、條件、原因等狀語從句的主語如果和主句的主語不相同，此時(shí)，從句的簡化只能借助于獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。依據(jù)從句本身的主、被動(dòng)關(guān)系，恰當(dāng)使用to do短語， doing 短語或done短語，并在這些短語前加上to do, doing, done的主語(即邏輯主語)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)；獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)可以充當(dāng)時(shí)間、條件、原因、伴隨等狀語。,考點(diǎn)歸納3：非謂語動(dòng)詞

3、的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義,詳見第7講中動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)考點(diǎn)歸納2主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的若干情形。,考點(diǎn)歸納4：動(dòng)詞接動(dòng)名詞和不定式作賓語,只能接動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞，如excuse, suggest, advise, mind, consider, admit, enjoy, appreciate, imagine, fancy, resist, practise, finish, postpone, delay, miss, risk, permit, allow等； 只能接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞，如hope, wish, expect, refuse, pretend, decide, choose, determ

4、ine, ask等；,少數(shù)動(dòng)詞既可以接動(dòng)名詞作賓語，又可以接不定式作賓語，但意義區(qū)別很大，如： remember to do sth. “記得要做某事”， remember doing sth. “記得做過某事”； forget to do sth. “忘記要做某事”， forget doing sth. “忘記做過某事”； regret to do sth. “對(duì)要做某事感到遺憾”， regret doing sth. “對(duì)做過某事感到后悔”；,mean doing sth. “意味著”， mean to do sth. “想要做某事”； try doing sth. “嘗試做某事”， tr

5、y to do sth. “努力做某事”； cant help doing sth. “情不自禁做某事”， cant help (to) do sth. 不能幫助做某事；,少數(shù)動(dòng)詞既可以接動(dòng)名詞作賓語，又可以接不定式作賓語，但意義區(qū)別不大，接動(dòng)名詞作賓語時(shí)表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，接不定式作賓語時(shí)表示一次性動(dòng)作，如：like doing sth. 表示一貫的愛好，like to do sth. 表示說話者即將去做感興趣的事情。,例1：(2010福建卷)Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, _ supplies to Yushu, Qi

6、nghai Province after the earthquake. A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent,【解析】A表示與謂語動(dòng)詞“were working”伴隨，且與句中主語是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用sending。,例2：(2011福建卷)The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable_. A. held B. holding C. be held D. to hold,【解析】

7、D題意：在厚度和重量上與上一代的區(qū)別使得iPad 2攜帶起來更舒適。“性質(zhì)形容詞不定式”是一種常用法，性質(zhì)形容詞說明不定式特征，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，故選D。,例3：(2011福建卷)Tsinghua University, _in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures. A. found B. founding C. founded D. to be founded,【解析】C題意：創(chuàng)建于1911年的清華大學(xué)是許多杰出人物的搖籃。Tsinghua University與found是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作定語。,例4：(

8、2010上海卷)Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues _ with her stories. A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused,【解析】A考查“keepsb. /sth. 賓補(bǔ)”這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)句意， her colleagues與amuse之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。,例5：(2010上海卷) I had great difficulty _ the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant. A. find B. found C. to find D. finding,【解析】D考查固定搭配：have difficulty(in)d