中考英語(yǔ)全解釋.ppt

1、教學(xué)崗位練兵,2007-11-26,中考英語(yǔ)?？紕?dòng)詞,NO. 46 middle school Cheen Tsian,對(duì)于初中英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者來(lái)說(shuō)，動(dòng)詞是最難學(xué)的一個(gè)實(shí)詞類(lèi)別。縱觀(guān)歷屆中考命題，有關(guān)動(dòng)詞的內(nèi)容占的比例相當(dāng)大，它常常與時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)，語(yǔ)境交流等諸方面結(jié)合起來(lái)進(jìn)行綜合測(cè)試。通過(guò)研讀中考試題，我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)?？嫉挠⒄Z(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有以下一些：,一、“使/讓”概念的動(dòng)詞,考題Be careful , Jane. Dont _ your hands dirty. A. get B. keep C. have D. let,分析選A。,歸納這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：have , let , make , get , k

2、eep , drive , send , leave , cause等，它們后邊分別可跟不定式、分詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、名詞等作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。,如： I felt sorry to have kept you waiting for me so long. 對(duì)不起，讓你久等了。,The victory sent our spirits rising. 勝利使得我們情緒高漲。,二、考查不定式作賓補(bǔ)，不定式符號(hào) 省略或保留的動(dòng)詞,考題 （1）、She asked him _ her up at six oclock in the morning. A. wake B. to wake C. waki

3、ng D.woken （2）、Li lei is often made _a lot of homework at home. A. do B. does C. to do D. doing,分析 選B。ask后跟帶 to 的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。 選C。 make之后要求跟省略to 的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。注意：變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)不定式符號(hào)to 要補(bǔ)上。,歸納 常見(jiàn)的帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：ask,tell,want,would like,wish,like,teach等； 省略to 的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：see,watch,hear,feel,notice,listen to,look at 等感官動(dòng)

4、詞及表示使役概念的have,let,make等。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，其后的不定式符號(hào) to需補(bǔ)上。,三、考查只跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞,考題 They decided _ at the end of this month. A.to leave B.going back C.travel D. not start out,分析選A 。decide后跟帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)。,歸納 此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞教材中常見(jiàn)有want ,wish,hope,manage, promise,refuse ,pretend ,plan,offer ,decide ,ag-ree ,expect等。,又如： He refus

5、ed to take any money. 他拒絕收取分文。,四、只接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞,考題Would you mind _ a few minutes ? A. wait B. to wait C. waited D. waiting,分析選D。 mind后只能跟動(dòng)名詞， 不跟不定式。,歸納 此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞教材中常見(jiàn)的有：appreciate , suggest , complete , finish , enjoy , imagine , mind , miss , practice , keep , excuse , avoid ,pardon ,allow等。,如： I appreciat

6、e her devoting herself to the cause of education . 我非常欽佩她獻(xiàn)身教育的精神。,又如：Do you mind my asking a question ? 我問(wèn)你一個(gè)問(wèn)題你不會(huì)介意吧？,形式主動(dòng)，意義被動(dòng)的詞常見(jiàn)的有：work , open , close , write , cut , look , teach , operate , run , keep , burn , last等，此類(lèi)詞的主語(yǔ)常為物，而且還常與表示表示特征、狀況、行為、方式的副詞well , easily , long等連用。,如： The clothing sell

7、s well .,This kind of fruit can keep long .,五、考查既跟不定式又能跟動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞,考題Remember _ your homework here tomorrow . A. to bring B. to take C. bringing D. taking,分析選A。remember后既可跟不定式，又可跟動(dòng)名詞。跟不定式表示：“記住要干某事”，跟動(dòng)名詞表示“記得干過(guò)某事”。,歸納有些動(dòng)詞后既可跟不定式又可跟動(dòng)名詞，意義上無(wú)多大區(qū)別，常用的有：love , like , hate , prefer , start , intend , continue

8、等。,如： I intend to finish / finishing the task this morning .,有些動(dòng)詞后既可跟不定式，又可跟動(dòng)名詞，但意義上有區(qū)別,常用的有forget , remember , mean , stop , try等。,如： I forgot to close the window . 我忘記了要關(guān)窗戶(hù)。,I forgot to closing the window . 我忘記了已關(guān)了窗戶(hù)。,六、行為動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)系動(dòng)詞的詞,考題“We must keep _ in the library,”the woman said to me _. quiet ;

9、quietly B. quietly ; quietly C. quietly : quiet D. quiet ; quiet,分析選A。keep 是系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞said 應(yīng)用副詞。,歸納這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞詞組，其后 須帶有表語(yǔ)（名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定 式、V-ing 、V-ed）構(gòu)成表語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。教材中常見(jiàn)的有： feel , sound , taste , look , smell , seem , appear , become , turn , grow , make , go , run , keep , stay等。,如： It sounded

10、 like a train that was going under my home . 聽(tīng)起來(lái)像有火車(chē)在我房子下面飛馳而過(guò)。,Keep fit , study hard and work well . 身體好，學(xué)習(xí)好，工作好。,七、既可接現(xiàn)在分詞又可接過(guò)去分詞作 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的詞,考題When they walked along the river , they suddenly heard somebody _ for help. A. called B. to call C. calling D. calls,分析選C?！?have + 賓語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞（賓補(bǔ)）”表示“叫某人干某事”。,

11、歸納此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞教材中有：get , keep , have , leave , find , see , notice , hear等。,如： The cheats had the lights burning all night long .,Yesterday Xiao Ming had his hair cut , I hardly recognized him .,八、考查構(gòu)成固定短語(yǔ)的“短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞”,考題If you dont know a word , you must _ the word in a dictionary . A. look up B. look down C. look down D. look out,分析選A。 look up在（字/詞典里）查找；look down向下看；look over 仔細(xì)檢查；look out 向外看。,歸納 教材中此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞數(shù)量較大。如：act as 充當(dāng)；believe in 相信；deal with 處理；lead to 導(dǎo)致；refer to 提到； send for 派人前往；die out 滅絕；set off 出發(fā)； warm up 暖和起來(lái)； make fun of 取笑； make friends with 與交朋友；get along with