That從句ppt課件

1、That從句,名詞性從句,主語從句,賓語從句,表語從句,同位語從句,主語從句在句中做- 賓語從句在句中做- 表語從句在句中做- 同位語從句在句中-,主語,賓語,表語,同位語,1. That he will come is certain.,2. I know that he will come.,3. The truth is that I have been there.,4. The fact that she was late surprised us.,為什么叫名詞性從句？ _,整個(gè)從句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞,比較:,The man looked around. That the boy fa

2、iled again in the exam disappointed his mother.,同樣作主語，從句可以表示較復(fù)雜的含義,一般是個(gè)動作或性質(zhì),I know him. I know that he is writing his composition in his room,2. 為什么要有名詞性從句？,那人看了看四周. (名詞作主語),那孩子考試又不及格令他母親很失望. (從句作主語),我知道他在房間里寫作文.,從句的特征:,是一個(gè)句子,有一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞,引導(dǎo)詞做從句的一個(gè)成分 (that 除外),名詞能做的成分,從句都能做,從句表達(dá)的意思比名詞復(fù)雜得多,主語從句,that wheth

3、er who whom whose what which when where why how,從 句 引導(dǎo)詞:,1. That he knows Japanese is known to all.,他懂英語,這一點(diǎn)大家都知道,令我驚訝的是在這兒見到他.,3. When he will come is unknown .,4. Whether he is coming doesnt matter much.,他來不來沒什么要緊的,他什么時(shí)候來不清楚.,他們是怎么登上山頂?shù)娜允莻€(gè)秘密.,5. It remains a secret how they climbed up the mountain

4、.,主語從句的位置 1.在句首 2.主語較長時(shí)通常放在后面,句首主語用 It,主語太長了!放到句尾,Details,Details,Details,Details,That無詞義,不可省略,What “什么”, “所.的”,2. What surprised me was to see him here .,When “什么時(shí)候”,主語從句不用 if,位于句首,It 作主語的常用句型有:,1. It + be +形容詞 + that 從句,2. It + be +名稱詞組(duty/pity.) + that 從句,3. It + be + 過去分詞(said/thought.) + that

5、 從句,4. It +不及物動詞(seem/happen.) + that 從句,It is a pity that we cant go swimming.,It is said that he told her everything.,It happened that I was out that day.,It is certain that he will do well in the exam.,真可惜我們不能去游泳. 碰巧那天我外出了. 他考試肯定會考好. 據(jù)說他已告訴了她一切.,注意: It looked that he was right. ( ) 可以說: It looks

6、as if.,happen只有 it 句型,It is said只有 it 句型,More,疑問句中應(yīng)該用 形式主語It 句型,1,Whatever we do must be in the interest of the people. ( ) It must be in the interest of the people whatever we do ( ),2,名詞性關(guān)系代詞whatever/whoever/whichever /wherever/what引導(dǎo)的主語從句一般放在句首,改錯(cuò),1. It is true what he said.,What he said is true.

7、 放在句首,2. Is that he will come certain?,Is it certain that he will come? 問句,3.He can swim is known to all.,That he can swim is known to all. 從句必須有引導(dǎo)詞,表語從句,從 句 同主語從句 (11個(gè)), 外加as if / 引導(dǎo)詞: as though,1. The truth is that he has never been to the countryside.,2. The question is whether w can finish the e

8、xperiment by Friday.,3. It looks as if it were going to rain.,實(shí)際情況是他從未去過農(nóng)村. that 一般不省略,問題在于我們能否在明天下午之前完成這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn). 表語從句不用 if,4. This school is no longer what it was before.,這所學(xué)校已不再是從前的那個(gè)樣子了. what =the thing that,More,系動詞后面,注意下列表語從句中where, how, why 的譯法,This is where Lu Xun once lived. That was how they wo

9、n the match. This is why she got up so early this morning.,這就是魯迅曾經(jīng)住過的地方.,他們就是這樣贏得這場比賽的.,這就是她為什么今天早上起得這么早的原因.,我們就是這樣克服困難的. 那就是他昨天缺席的原因. 這就是我們上星期碰頭的地方.,This is / That was how we overcame the difficulties.,That is why he was absent yesterday.,This is where we met last Sunday.,固定句型: This is where This i

10、s why This is how.,這就是的地方,這就是的原因,這就是的方法,賓語從句,從 句 ( 同主語從句 ) ,增加 if ,可與whether 引導(dǎo)詞: 互換, 但不與 or not 連用,1. They pretended ( that ) they knew how to do it.,他們假裝知道怎么做這事。 That從句做pretend的賓語,我暗中想他講的不是真話. 謂語與從句之間有插入語時(shí),that 不可省略,2. I thought to myself that he was not telling the truth.,3.She said (that) she co

11、uldnt tell me and that I couldnt understand.,賓語從句并列時(shí),只省略第一個(gè) that,4. Everything depends on whether we have enough time. ( if ),if /whether 表示“是否” 可以互換,五種情況只用whether: 1.在介詞后面 2.與or not連用 3.在主語從句,表語從句,同位語從句中,5. I dont know whether he will come or not. ( if ),6. The question is whether he will agree . (

12、 if ),More,I doubt if / whether he will pass the exam. I dont doubt that we will win the match. Do you doubt that he did it on his own?,doubt問題,肯定句中用 if / whether,否定句中用 that,疑定句中用 that,I doubt _he is telling the truth. We never doubt _ the plan will be carried out . Does he doubt _ you are from Aust

13、ria? Im doubtful _ he will agree to this.,if / whether,that,that,if / whether,賓語從句經(jīng)常做介詞的賓語,The Swede stood still, except _ his lips moved slightly. She is not satisfied with _ she has achieved. Mary always thinks of _ she can do more for the class. He wrote a letter of thanks to _ helped him. (任何一個(gè))

14、,5. It depends on if we have enough time.,whether we have enough time.,介詞后面不用 if,that,what,how,whoever,6. Are you sorry for which you have done?,what you have done?,介詞后面不用 which,賓語從句經(jīng)常作表語形容詞的賓語,Im afraid (that ) Ill be late. We were surprised that he lost the game.,我恐怕要遲到了. that 可以省略,我們對他在比賽中的失敗感到驚異

15、.,此類表語形容詞有: afraid pleased happy satisfied anxious sure surprised certain glad aware用它們造句,that 從句只跟在 except,but, in ,besides, save五個(gè)介詞后面,We think that middle school students master one foreign language possible . (改用形式賓語 it ) 2. We have made that a foreign language is useful weapon in the struggle o

16、f life clear. (改用形式賓語 it ),我認(rèn)為學(xué)好英語是必要的.,英語有句尾重心的原則,I consider that we should learn English well necessary.,We consider her suitable for the job.,句尾太輕,consider find think feel make 等動詞常帶賓語補(bǔ)足語,這時(shí)要用形式賓語 it ,賓語從句放到賓補(bǔ)之后,We think it possible that middle school students master one foreign language.,We have

17、 made it clear that a foreign language is useful weapon in the struggle of life.,exercise,correction,The emperor was pleased by which the minister told him about it. Are you sorry for that you have annoyed him? I find that this should be kept secret for the time being necessary. Can you doubt if she

18、 will succeed? I worried about if my brother will return in time. She said that she has never told a lie. Will you tell me when he leaves for Paris? Our football team won the match last Sunday excited all of us. It looked that he was well prepared for the unexpected challenge. That he said moved eve

19、ryone present.,what,it necessary that this should be kept sexretfor the time being,that she will succeed ?,whether my brother will return in time.,had,will leave for Paris?,That our football team won the match last Sunday excited all of us,What,It seemed,which不做介詞賓語,that不做介詞賓語,句尾重心,從句缺少引導(dǎo)詞,that不做句子成

20、分,沒有It look that表達(dá)式,同位語從句,被修飾詞有: fact, news, hope, opinion, order, question, problem, belief, truth, theory, decision, discovery, conclusion, promise, rumor, fear, thought, suggestion, plan, idea,同位語從句說明它們的內(nèi)容,常見引導(dǎo)詞: that , whether ( if ), how, wh- 疑問詞,The fact that deeds are better than words is qui

21、te clear. The question how I did it is hard to answer. They had no idea where they should go to find some food. The question whether he comes or not is not important. ( if ) A thought came to me that he might be in the library.,事實(shí)勝于雄辨這一道理非常清楚.,我怎么做的這一問題難回答.,他們根本不知去哪兒找食物,他是否來這個(gè)問題不重要.,我突然想到他可能在圖書館. 被別

22、的詞隔開,that 無詞義,同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別:,We were excited about the news (that) he had told us. We were excited about the news that he had passed the exam.,The fact that the young man had been a prisoner astonished her . The fact that was unbelievable astonished everyone.,The question who helped us out of diffic

23、ulty remains to be answered. The question which seems so strange remains to be answered.,同位語從句: 說明名詞的內(nèi)容, wh-表示疑問, that 不做成分, 不能省略,定 語 從 句:說明名詞的性質(zhì)特征, wh-不表示疑問,引導(dǎo)詞做句子成分, that 做 賓語可以省略,用形式主語 it 的主語從句常見結(jié)構(gòu),It is clear (necessary, important, possible,remarkable that 很清楚（必要, 重要,可能, 值得注意等),It is a fact (a g

24、ood thing, good news) that 事實(shí)是 ( 好事是,好消息是),It is well-known ( reported, recorded, estimated,said, believed) that眾所周知( 據(jù)報(bào)道,據(jù)記載,據(jù)說,據(jù)估計(jì)),It turns out ( seems, happens, appears) that 結(jié)果是 ( 似乎是, 碰巧是, 好象是),3,4,5是動詞只有it句型,It has been found (has been proved,can be seen,must be pointed out) that 已發(fā)現(xiàn)( 已證明,可以看

25、出,需指出),1,2是形容詞,兩種句型,Return,用 it 句型翻譯, 并判斷是否有第二種說法:,據(jù)說今年高一學(xué)生要學(xué)新教材. 事實(shí)是他們靠自己完成了所有的任務(wù). 碰巧他們已經(jīng)參加過軍訓(xùn)了. 眾所周知, 比爾 蓋茨是世界上最富有的人. 我們應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣這很重要.,It is said that the Senior Grade one students will learn a new text this year.,It is a fact that they finished all the work by themselves.,It happened that they h

26、ad had their military training.,It is well-known that Bill Gates is the richest person in the world.,It is important that we (should) form a good habit of studying.,Note: It is important/necessary/natural/our duty/essential/strange that sb (should) do sth. 固定句型, should可以省略,翻譯: 真奇怪他今天竟然遲到了.,It is str

27、ange that he should be late today.,strange不省略should為好,Return,that引導(dǎo)陳述句, 在從句中沒有詞義, 不可省略,return,她會講法語這一點(diǎn)大家都知道.,That she can speak French is known to us all.,她一聲不響拿走了他的雜志, 這使他很生氣. _ 五班輸了比賽, 這事令所有的人感到驚訝. _ 他干了一上午的活,這使他感到很累. _ 她不可能是美國人,這一點(diǎn)是很清楚的. _ 她已經(jīng)入團(tuán)了,這件事很快會被宣布. _,That he took away his magazine withou

28、t a word made him angry.,That Class Five lost the game surprised everyone.,That he worked all morning made him feel very tired.,That she cant be an American is quite clear.,That she has joined the League will be announced soon.,What在從句中表示“什么”或“所.的”,return,What he will do next is unknown . What 表示疑問

29、“什么”,比如：他下一步做什么我們不清楚。,在那兒所看到的(事物)是無法描述的. 我們怎么處理這些書與你無關(guān). 她會給我們帶些什么食物來還不清楚. 明天會發(fā)生什么事還是個(gè)謎. 她所買的只是一些蔬菜.,What was seen there is beyond description.,What we will do with the food has nothing to do with you.,What food he will bring to us is not clear.,What will happen tomorrow is still a mystery.,What she

30、has bought are only some vegetables,What只用于名詞性從句中,Return,when where why how who whom whose分別表示什么時(shí)候、什么地方、為什么、怎么、誰（主格/賓格）、誰的,When we will have a meeting is unknown.,Where we will have a meeting is unknown.,Why we should have a meeting is unknown.,我們什么時(shí)候開會不清楚. 我們在什么地方開會不清楚. 我們?yōu)槭裁匆_會不清楚.,4. 他們是怎么發(fā)現(xiàn)那個(gè)秘密的

31、令大家很感興趣. 5. 誰來當(dāng)他們的班主任還沒有決定,How they discovered that secret interested everyone.,Who will be their class teacher has not been decided.,Where did they go last week is of no importance. ( ),錯(cuò),凡是從句都必須用陳述語序,went,whether從句作主語時(shí)不能用 if,Return,我們是否要重新做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)好沒有決定. 這本書是否林先生寫的這一點(diǎn)很重要. 他們是否能按時(shí)達(dá)到要看天氣. 她是否能考上大學(xué)要看她是否努

32、力.,Whether we should do the experiment again has not been decided.,Whether the book was written by Mr. Lin is very important.,Whether they can arrive in time depends on the weather.,Whether she can pass the college entrance examination depends on whether she will work hard .,Whether that she can com

33、e or not doesnt matter. ( ),錯(cuò),一個(gè)從句只能有一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞,用表語從句合并,Return,He was absent from the meeting. Thats the fact. Is he a student? Thats my question. When will we leave for the Island.? Thats what I want to know. Whom must our education serve ? Thats the most important.,The fact is that he was absent from t

34、he meeting.,My question is whether he is student. 從句一律陳述語序,What I want to know is when well leave for the Island,The most important is whom our education must serve.,5. My idea is_ (我們應(yīng)該每天練習(xí)講英語),that we should practice speaking English every day.,That無詞義,是引導(dǎo)詞,不要遺漏,重要的是我們怎樣提高英語成績. _,The important thing is how we could improve our English.,標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號,賓語從句常做動詞的賓語,Return,我記不得他是怎么找到這個(gè)答案的. 請告訴我林教授住在哪里. 我不在乎這是誰的責(zé)任. 他拿不定主意該去看哪場籃球比賽. 我不知道為什么她對她的兒子這么以嚴(yán)厲.,I dont remember how he found the answer.,Please tell me where Prof