高考英語語法復習課件(動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài))

1、高考語法復習,動詞的時態(tài),中學英語的常見時態(tài)：,教學大綱要求的常用的8種時態(tài)：,三、 時態(tài)特殊句式,動詞的時態(tài),二、易混時態(tài)辨析,一、熱點時態(tài),綜合練習,1、現(xiàn)在時態(tài) 高考題點擊： Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _ the Pacific, and we met no storms. Awas called Bis called Chad been called Dhas been called 2. I _ ping-pong quite well, but I havent had t

2、ime to play since the new year. A. will play B. have played C. played D. play,B,D,說明：本題的干擾源為上下文的過去時，但“被稱為太平洋”是客觀現(xiàn)狀，只能用一般現(xiàn)在時。,說明：常識告訴我們，一個人一旦獲得某種技能，一般是不會在短期內失去的，所以需用一般現(xiàn)在時。,3. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasnt stopped ringing. People _ to ask how I am going to spend the money. A. phone B.

3、will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning 4. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidly. A. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will change,說明：自從我贏了大獎，人們不停地打電話來問我將怎樣使用這筆錢。此處的 are phoning 表示“不停的打電話”。,說明：選擇移動電話難的原因是由于科技正在飛速發(fā)展，所以要用現(xiàn)在進行時；況且進行

4、時態(tài)常給人一種情感上的描述，表示說話者的一種“感慨、贊賞、憤怒、斥責”等。,D,A,5. _ my sister three times today but her line was always busy. A. Id phoned B. Ive been phoning C. Ive phoned D. I was phoning 6. - You havent been to Beijing, have you? - _. How I wish to go there! A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I havent C. No, I have D. No, I have

5、nt,說明：此題的干擾源是后面的 was busy。今天打了三次電話是用來表示結果的，只能用現(xiàn)在完成時；而每次她都占線是表示過去的動作，所以用一般過去時。,說明：從補充的句子 “How I wish to go there!”可知“我”沒到過北京。,C,D,7. - Hi, Tracy, you look tired. - I am tired. I _ the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted 8. Now that she is out of a job,

6、 Lucy_ going back to school, but she hasnt decided yet. A had considered B has been considering C considered D is going to consider,說明：這句話的意思是“我一整天都在刷起居室”，現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示從過去開始的一個動作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且還在進行當中。強調的是“一直在做”。,C,B,說明：她“一直在考慮返?！笔乾F(xiàn)在完成進行時，“還沒作決定”是現(xiàn)在的結果。,用于現(xiàn)在完成時的句型 1）It is the first / second time. that結構中的從句部分

7、，用現(xiàn)在完成時。 It is the first time that I have visited the city. It was the third time that the boy had been late. 注意比較 Its time that 結構： It is high time that we went to school. 2）This is the that結構，that 從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時. This is the best film that Ive (ever) seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。 This is the first time (that) Ive

8、 heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽他唱歌。,典型例題 (1) - Do you know our town at all? - No, this is the first time I _ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming (2) - Have you _ been to our town before? - No, its the first time I _ here. A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come 注意：非延續(xù)性動

9、詞的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時間的狀語連用。即動作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的。 （錯）I have received his letter for a month. （對）I havent received his letter for almost a month.,B,D,2、過去時 高考題點擊： 1. - Nancy is not coming tonight. - But she _! A. promises B. promised C. will promise D. had promised 2. My uncle _ until he was forty-five. A. marri

10、ed B. didnt marry C. was not marrying D. would marry,說明：Nancy 答應要來這個動作應該發(fā)生在過去，是過去作出的承諾。,說明：until 用在肯定句中時，主句的動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞，表示該動作一直持續(xù)到 until 后的時間為止；短暫性動詞只能用在否定句中，表示直到此時該動作才開始。本題中 marry 是短暫性動詞，所以只能用在否定句中。,B,B,3. - You havent said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it? - Im sorry I _ anything ab

11、out it sooner. I certainly think its pretty on you. A. wasnt saying B. dont say C. wont say D. didnt say,說明：本題的干擾源來自上下文中的時態(tài)，上文用的是現(xiàn)在完成時，下文用的是一般現(xiàn)在時，所以有些人就誤以為此處該用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)了。但根據說話人的意思不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，沒有說出自己的評價是在這段對話以前的事了，所以要用一般過去時。,D,4. As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read was falling B. was reading fell C.

12、was reading was falling D. read fell 5. The manager had fallen asleep where he _, without undressing. A. was laying B. was lying C. had laid D. had lied,說明：一般來說在復合句中的兩個動作，延續(xù)性的動作大都用進行時，短暫性的動詞用一般時，表示在某個動作進行的過程當中另一個動作發(fā)生了。,說明：該題的意思為“經理躺在那兒睡著了，衣服也沒脫”?！疤伞笔且粋€不及物動詞，其過去式和過去分詞為“l(fā)ay; lain”。lay 是及物動詞，過去式和過去分詞為

13、laid；lied 是“說謊”的過去式和過去分詞。,B,B,6. The little girl _ her heart out because she _ her toy bear and believed she wasnt ever going to find it. A. had cried, lost B. cried, had lost C. has cried, has lost D. cries, has lost 7. Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. Oh! I thought t

14、hey _ without me. Awent Bare going Chave gone Dhad gone,說明：哭得傷心發(fā)生在過去，而丟玩具熊發(fā)生在哭之前。兩個發(fā)生在過去的動作，之前發(fā)生的用過去完成時，之后發(fā)生的用一般過去時。,說明：“他沒叫我就走了”這個動作明顯發(fā)生在“我認為”之前。所以必須用過去完成時。,B,D,3、將來時 高考題點擊： 1. If a man _ succeed, he must work as hard as he can. A. will B. is to C. is going to D. should 2. - Youve left the light on

15、. - Oh, so I have. _ and turn it off. A. Ill go B. Ive gone C. I go D. Im going,說明：此句的意思為“如果一個人想要成功，就必須盡力而為”。If 引導的是條件狀語從句，不能用將來時。而 be to 結構雖然表示將來的動作，但它不屬于將來時。,說明：本句的重點是“并行結構”，關鍵是看后面的 turn，所以B、C、D、都不符合。,B,A,3. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _for London to attend a meeting. A. will leave B. lea

16、ves C. will have left D. left 4. We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _ office soon. A. leaves B. would leave C. left D. had left,說明：that 引導的賓語從句中的動作“離職”應該發(fā)生在“were surprised” 之后，故需用過去將來時。,C,B,說明：by the time 表示“到為止”“在之前”，如果主句的動作發(fā)生在過去，一般需要用過去完成時；如果是將來，就需用將來完成時。,4、狀語從句中的時態(tài)問題 高考題點擊： 1. -

17、Can I join the club, Dad? - You can when you _ a bit older. A. get B. will get C. are getting D. will have got 2. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they _. A. have survived B. are to survive C. would survive D. will survive,說明：時間狀語從句中沒有將來時，需用一般現(xiàn)在時替代一般將來時。,說明：條件狀語從句中不用將來時，但

18、be to 結構不屬于將來時態(tài)形式。,A,B,3. He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _ from the university next year. A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduates D. is to graduate 4. It _ long before we _ the result of the experiment. A. will not be, will know B. is, will know C. will not

19、be, know D. is, know,說明：by the time 引導的是時間狀語從句，故不能使用將來時。D選項雖可考慮，但 be to 結構大多用來表示“義務、決定、職責、約定”等，與句意不合。,說明：before 引導的是時間狀語從句，無將來時，而主句應該用將來時。,C,C,5、幾種時態(tài)的替代問題 A：一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時 ： 除了在時間、條件、讓步狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時外，表示現(xiàn)在已安排好的未來事項，行程等活動也用一般現(xiàn)在時來代替將來時。如： The museum opens at ten tomorrow. 博物館明天10點開門。(實際上每天如此。) B：一般現(xiàn)在時代替

20、完成時： 句型 “It is since”代替“It has been since ” It is (= has been) five years since we last met C：一般現(xiàn)在時代替進行時： 在全部倒裝句中都用一般現(xiàn)在時代替現(xiàn)在進行時。如： Look, here comes Mr. Li.,1.The year 2002 _ remarkable changes in Shanghais landscape. (see),saw,時間狀語,呀，不知道你在這兒！以為你在美國！,Oh, I didnt know you were here. I thought you were

21、 in America.,熱點一：一般過去時,2.- Have you decided already? - Yes, I_ at once. A. have decided B. decided C. will decide D. had decided,1. I _ you not to move my dictionary -now I cannot find it. （2004全國II） A. asked B. ask C. was asking D. had asked,Key word,context,B,- Yes, I_ already.,A,1.-The window is

22、dirty. -I know. It _ for weeks. A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clear C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned 2. - Would you like to go to the cinema with me tomorrow afternoon? - Id like to, Mum, but I _ to a party by Jane. Its her birthday. A. am invited B. was invited C. will be invited D. have been inv

23、ited,熱點二：現(xiàn)在完成時,The news is no surprise to me, I _ for some time that the factory is going to shut down. (03北京) A. had known B. know C. have known D. knew,過去完成時不能孤立使用， 它必須以過去某一時間為基點，即“過去的過去”，因此只有在和過去某時或動作相比較時才用到它。,熱點3：過去完成時,2. John and I _ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a

24、 Christmas party. But we _ each other a couple of times before that. (02 北京春) A. had been; have seen B. have been; have seen C. had been; had seen D. have been; had seen;,3. 我原打算來的，但太忙了。（mean）,I had meant to come, but I was too busy.,had meant/planned/intended to do,表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的愿望、打算、想法等。,熱點4：過去進行時,1.

25、The last time I saw Jane she _ cotton in the fields. (pick),was picking,2. -Has Sam finished his homework today? - I have no idea. He _ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done,過去進行時表示在過去的某個時間點或某個時間段所發(fā)生的動作或持續(xù)的狀態(tài).,3. -What were you doing when Tony phoned you? - I had just finished

26、 my work and_ to take a shower. A. had started B. started C. have started D. was starting,過去進行時表示過去將來.,1. He _ a book about China last year, but I dont know if he _ it. A. wrote; has finished B. was writing; has finished C. was writing; had finished D. wrote; will finish,2. As she _ the newspaper, G

27、ranny _ asleep. A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read; fell,1. 一般過去時和過去進行時,過去進行時表當時正在進行而尚未完成的動作或狀態(tài).,結論:長動作在進行時,被一個短動作打斷,長動作用進行體,短動作用一般體.,易混時態(tài)辨析,2. - Where _you _ (put) the book? I cant see it anywhere. - I _(put) it right here. But now its gone. A. did ; put;

28、put B. have; put; put C. did; put; have put D. have; put; have put,1. We havent heard from Jane for a long time. What do you suppose _ to her? A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened,2一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時,易混時態(tài)辨析,3. When I was at college I _ three foreign languages but I _ all except a few wor

29、ds of each. A. spoke; had forgotten B. spoke; have forgotten C. had spoken; had forgotten D. had spoken; have forgotten,結論:一般過去時所表示的事情純屬過去,與現(xiàn)在情況沒聯(lián)系.現(xiàn)在完成時所表示的事情與現(xiàn)在情況有聯(lián)系,是過去事情對現(xiàn)在產生的結果或對現(xiàn)在的影響.,Mike was walking in the street when he met Tom. M: - It _ 2 months since I last saw you.(be) T: - I have just

30、returned from abroad. M: - Is it the first time you _ abroad?(be) T: - Yes. And hardly _ I _ there when I was struck by its beauty. (arrive) M: - How do you find your trip? T:- Very good. To tell the truth, its the most unforgettable trip I _. (ever have) M: Im glad to hear that. By the way, I am le

31、aving for a meeting now. It _ (be) 20 minutes before it_. (start),is/has been,have been,have ever had,時態(tài)的特殊句式,had arrived,will be,starts,Mike was walking in the street when he met Tom. M: - It is/has been 2 months since I last saw you. T: - I have just returned from abroad. M: - Is it the first time

32、 you have been abroad? T: - Yes. And hardly had I arrived there when I was struck by its beauty. M: - How do you find your trip? T:- Very good. To tell the truth, its the most unforgettable trip I have ever had. M: Im glad to hear that. By the way, I am leaving for a meeting now. It will be 20 minut

33、es before it starts.,時態(tài)的特殊句式,被 動 語 態(tài),高考題點擊： 1. I need one more stamp before my collection _. A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed 2. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay,說明：集郵冊只能被完成，且在 before 從句中沒有將來時，故只能選D。,說明：該句的意思為“在大城市中清潔女工的工資通常是按小時支付的。”很明顯該用被動語態(tài)。,D,C,3. Books of this kind _ well. A. sell B. sells C. are sold D. is sold 4. Hundreds of jobs _ if the factory closes. A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. wi