2024年中考二模 英語（廣州卷）（考試版A3）

2024年中考第二次模擬考試（廣州卷）英語（考試時間：100分鐘試卷滿分：90分）注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。寫在本試卷上無效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。一、語法選擇(本題15小題；每小題1分，共15分)Oneday,Ihadamealin1expensiverestaurant.Ayoungcouplewithasmallboyorderedapieceofthecheapestbeefsteak.“Sir,anythingelse?Onepieceisnotenoughforallofyou!”Thewaitersaid.Thedadwasalittle2.Hesaid,“Thanks.It’senough.Wejustwanttobringtheguytohavebeefsteak,andwe3supper.”Iwatch4forawhile.Ifoundthattheparentsnotonlytooktheboytohavebeefsteak,butalsoregardedasaprocessof5.Theparentstaughtthekid6tousetheknifeandforkandtoldhimsometablemanners.I’dlike7goodfriendswiththefamily.ThenIwalkedoverandasked8.“9Ioffereachofyouacupofcoffee?”Theyacceptedmycoffeewithasmile.Webegantochat.“Tobehonest,weareverypoor,10wecan’taffordanyexpensivefoodatall.However,wehaveeveryconfidenceinourboy.Helivesinapoorfamily,butIbelievehe11greatsuccessinthefuture.That’swhyweteachhimthegoodtablemanners,”saidthedad.“Wehopeourkidcanbeaperson12respectshimselfandothers.”Webecamefriendsandgotonwell13eachother.Afterwards,greatprogress14bythekid,andhesucceeded.AndIhavethehonortodrinkacupofcoffeefromhim,especiallyin15restaurantinEngland.1．A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/2．A．embarrass B．embarrassed C．embarrassing D．embarrassment3．A．eat B．a(chǎn)reeating C．haveeaten D．willeat4．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs5．A．learn B．learns C．tolearn D．learning6．A．how B．what C．why D．who7．A．become B．becoming C．tobecome D．becomes8．A．polite B．politeness C．politely D．politer9．A．May B．Must C．Need D．Should10．A．but B．or C．because D．so11．A．a(chǎn)chieves B．hasachieved C．a(chǎn)chieved D．willachieve12．A．who B．which C．when D．where13．A．of B．with C．from D．in14．A．makes B．made C．hasmade D．wasmade15．A．expensive B．moreexpensive C．themostexpensive D．mostexpensive二、完形填空（本題10小題；每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面短文，理解大意，然后從各小題的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案，使短文連貫完整。CashDaniels,a12-year-oldboy,lovesnatureandwantstoprotectourplanet.HegrewupneartheTennesseeRiverandwas16tolearnthatitisoneofthemostpollutedriversintheworld.He17hehadtoact.Atfirst,Cashandhisparentsworkedto18garbageneartheTennesseeRiver.Butsoonherealizedhewouldneedmorehelp.SohestartedorganizingcleanupsoftheTennesseeRiverwithhisfriends,neighborsandvolunteers.Mostofthemwerefromthecommunity.Cashalsowroteachildren’sbookaboutriverpollutiontohelpothers19whyitwassoimportanttoprotectourplanet.Heevenslowlyraisedenough20toplace17recyclingdustbinsalongtheriver.Cash’s21workanddevotion(奉獻)havehadabiginfluenceinhishometown.Hewasgiven“GreenYouth”forhisefforttoprotecttheenvironmentin2021.ButCashisn’tstoppingthere.Heknowsthere’sstill22worktodo.Hewantstotravelaroundtheworld,teachothersabouttheoceananditscreatures(生物),and23peopletoprotectit.Cashbelievesthateverylittle24countsandthateveryonecanmakeapositivechange.Heencourageseveryonetostandupandtakepartinprotectingour25.16．A．happy B．sad C．nervous D．a(chǎn)fraid17．A．hid B．a(chǎn)voided C．refused D．knew18．A．pickup B．lookup C．setup D．getup19．A．express B．compare C．understand D．develop20．A．jobs B．money C．hobbies D．clubs21．A．hard B．common C．terrible D．safe22．A．less B．worse C．more D．slower23．A．decide B．encourage C．manage D．choose24．A．interview B．courage C．direction D．a(chǎn)ction25．A．dream B．speech C．planet D．website閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)閱讀理解（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握大意，然后從26-40各題所給的A、B、C、D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ALifeisfullofsurprisesandyouneverknowhowthingswillturnout.SirJohnGurdonisagoodexampleofthis.Asaboy,hewastoldthathewashopelessatScienceandwasatthebottomofhisclass.Later,aged79,theverysameGurdonsharedthe2012NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinewithJapanesestemcell(干細胞)researcherShinyaYamanaka.Likesomanyscientists,Gurdonshowsuswherethepowerofcuriosityandperseverancecanleadto.Attheageof15in1948,Gurdonrankedlastoutthe250boysathishighschoolinBiology.Gurdon’shighschoolscienceteacherevensaidthathisdreamofbecomingascientistwas“quiteridiculous.”Inspiteofhisteacher’scriticisms,Gurdonfollowedhiscuriosityandkeptworkinghard.Hewenttothelabearlierandleftlaterthananyoneelse.Heexperiencedthousandsoffailures.“Myownbeliefisthatwewill,intheend,understandeverythingabouthowcellsactuallywork,”Gurdonsaid.Inthe1960s,Gurdontookacellfromanadultfrogandmoveditsgeneticinformationintoaneggcell.Theeggcellthengrewintoaclone(克隆)oftheadultfrog.ThistechniquelaterhelpedtocreatethesheepDollyin1996,thefirstclonedmammal(哺乳動物)intheworld.In2006,Gurdon’sworkwasdevelopedbyYamanakatoshowthatasampleofaperson’sskincanbeusedtocreatestemcells.Usingthetechnique,doctorscanrepairapatient’sheartafteraheartattack.“Luckfavoursthepreparedmind,”GurdontoldtheNoblePrizeOrganization.“Ninetypercentofthetimethingsdon’twork,butwhentheydo,youhavetoseize(抓住)thechance.”26．Whowonthe2012NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine?A．SirJohnGurdon. B．ShinyaYamanaka.C．SirJohnGurdonandShinyaYamanaka. D．Gurdon’sscienceteacher.27．Accordingtothepassage,whichstatementaboutSirJohnGurdonisTRUE?A．Asaboy,hewastoldthathewashopeful.B．HerankedfirstathishighschoolinBiology.C．It’simpossibleforthedoctorstorepairapatient’sheartafteraheartattack.D．Inspiteofhisteacher’scriticisms,hekeptworkinghard.28．Fromthepassage,weknowSirJohnGurdon’ssuccessdependedonmanythingsEXCEPT________.A．perseverance B．criticisms C．diligence D．curiosity29．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Ninetypercentofthetimethingsdon’twork. B．Luckfavoursthepreparedmind.C．Lifeisfullofsurprises. D．Howcellsactuallywork.BAfterChinesePoetryConferenceandLettersAlivebecameprettypopularinChina,anewshowfocusingonnationaltreasuresalsobecamepopular.ItshowedChineseviewers’growinginterestinthetraditionalculture.AssoonasNationalTreasurewasshownonTV,itquicklybecameoneofthemostpopularTVshowsinChina.“Fun”,“Creative”and“Informative(增進知識的)”werethemostwidely-usedwordstodescribetheshowontheInternet.TheshowmainlyintroducedthehistoryandstoriesofsomenationaltreasureswhichwerekeptinninekeymuseumsinChina.Tosomeviewers’surprise,theyfoundsomefamousactorsineveryepisode(一集)oftheshow,whichmadethemfeelmoreinterested.Attheendoftheshow,theninemostvaluabletreasureswouldbechosenbyviewerstotakepartinanexhibitionatthePalaceMuseuminBeijingtocelebratethe600thanniversary(周年紀(jì)念日)oftheForbiddenCity.InthefirstepisodeofNationalTreasure,thePalaceMuseumshowedthreetreasures:StoneDrum,ThePanoramicPaintingofRiversandMountainsbyWangXimengandLargeVasewithVariegatedGlazes(斑釉大花瓶).FamousactorsWangKai,LiChenandTonyLeungKa-faiplayedrolesofnationaltreasurekeepersalongwithotheractors.Theyintroducedthetreasuresandtoldviewersstoriesaboutthesetreasures.Doyouwanttowatchtheshow?Youcangoonlinetowatchit!30．TheshowNationalTreasure________.A．isonlyshownonTVB．isadocumentaryaboutnatureC．mainlyintroducessomenationaltreasuresD．mainlyintroducesexperiencesoffamouspeople31．Whichofthefollowingwordscan’tbeusedtodescribeNationalTreasure?A．Informative. B．Strange. C．Interesting. D．Creative.32．WhyisNationalTreasuresopopular?A．Becauseit’sonlyshownonTV.B．Becausepeoplecanseemanyfamousactorsinit.C．BecausepeoplecanenjoynationaltreasuresfromanymuseuminChina.D．Becauseithelpspeoplelearnaboutnationaltreasuresinaninterestingway.33．Whydoesthewriterwritethepassage?A．TointroduceaTVshowcalledNationalTreasure.B．Tointroducethereasonwhysomeactorsaresopopular.C．TointroducesomeofthemostpopularTVshowsinChina.D．TointroducethereasonwhyChinesepeoplelikethetraditionalculture.CAspeoplegetolder,thetypesoffriendstheyhavetendtochange.Asyoungadults,humanshavealotoffriends.Withage,theyoftenprefertospendtheirtimewithjustafewclose,positivepeople.Researcherslongbelievedthatthischangewasuniquetohumans,butanewstudyfindsthatchimpanzeesalsohavesimilartrends.Oneexplanationforthehumanstogetpickyaboutsocialconnectionshastodowithawarenessofourlimitedlifetime.“Peoplemonitorhowmuchtimewehaveleftinourlifeandchooseemotionally-fulfillingrelationshipsinoldage,”saysoneofthestudy’sleadauthorsAlexandraG.Rosati,apsychologistattheUniversityofMichigan.Aspeopleage,theydon’twanttobesurroundedbyalargegroupofnegativefriends,butwouldprefertobenearsomeoptimisticones.Rosatiandhercolleaguewerecuriouswhetherchimpanzeewouldshowsimilarfeatureseventhoughtheydon’tseemtobeawareoftheirupcomingdeath.Researchersused78,000hoursofobservationsmadeover20yearsfromtheKibaleChimpanzeeProjectinUganda.Thedatalookedatthesocialinteractions（互動）of21malechimpanzeebetween15and58yearsold.Theresearchersonlystudiedmalechimpanzeebecausetheyshowstrongersocialbondsandhavemoresocialinteractionsthanfemalechimpanzee.Researchersfoundthatwildchimpanzeeshareasimilarpattern.“Theyinteractwithothersinmorepositivewaysastheygetolder.Youngeradults,incontrast,showmoreaggression（好斗情緒）andweremorelikelytoformone-sidedrelationshipswheretheirpartnerdidnotreciprocate.”saysRosati.Forexample,theolderchimpanzeeswouldsitclosetotheirlong-timecompanionsandgroom（給……梳毛）eachother,whileyoungerchimpshadmoreone-sidedrelationshipswheretheywouldgroomafriend,buttheactionwasn’treturned.ThestudywaspublishedinthejournalScience.“Thisagingpatternmaybetheresultofsharedchangesinourabilitiestomanageouremotionswithage,”Rosatisays.“Thissharedpatternbetweenchimpanzeeandhumanscouldrepresentanadaptiveresponsewhereolderadultsfocusonimportantsocialrelationshipsthatprovidebenefitsandavoidinteractionsthathavenegativeresultsastheylosecompetitivefightingability.”34．Whydohumanschangetheirpreferenceforfriendsinoldage?A．Theydon’tlikemakingnewfriends. B．Theirfriendspassawayonebyone.C．Theyadapttothechangesinnature. D．Theyknowtheirlifeisrunningout.35．WhatisthepurposeofParagraph3?A．Toshowthestudywasdonescientifically.B．Toshowhowscientiststriedtoprovetheirguessing.C．Toshowhowharditwastoobservethechimpanzee.D．Toshowmalechimpanzeeareunawareofupcomingdeath.36．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reciprocate”inParagraph4mean?__________A．Repaytheirkindness. B．Takecareofthem.C．Getalongwellwiththem. D．Sitclosetothem.37．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?__________A．PeoplepreferpositivePartnersinOldAge B．PositiveBondsBenefitChimpsinManyWaysC．AgingChimpslikeUsactPickyAboutFriends D．ChimpsShareSimilarTendencieswithHumansDStopmotionmoviesStopmotionisaspecialtypeofmovie-making.Itusesrealobjects,insteadofdrawings,totellastory.Thestoryrolescanbepeople,animals,oreveneverydayobjects.Youcanmakethemoutofclay(橡皮泥)orjustusesomesmalltoys.MakeamovieGiveitatry,andbecreative!Getyourparentsandfriendstogetherandshowyourfilm!Whatyouwillneed*Asmartphoneorcamerathatshootsvideos*Asupportwiththreelegsusedforthephoneorcamera*Yourimaginationandastorytotell*Roles(Useactionfigures(動態(tài)木偶),toys,etc.,ormakesomewithclay)*Agoodplacetoshootamovie*Whateverelseyouneedforyourstory▲Makeupashortstory.Makesureithasabeginning,middleandanend.Thenwritedownyourstory.Pickaplacewhereyou’regoingtoshootthemovie.Makesureyou’llhaveenoughroomtotakepictures.Collectormaketherolesyou’llneedforyourmovie,thenprepareanybackdrops(背景幕布)(Evenapieceofclothwillwork).Setupyourfirstshot.Putyourrolesandprops(道具)attherightplaceforyourfirstscene.Keepyour“moviecamera”steady(穩(wěn)定的)withthethreelegs.Repeatthestepaboveoverandoveranduntilyoucompleteyourstory.38．Thispassageisfromawebsitefor________.A．children B．parents C．a(chǎn)dults D．teachers39．Whyis“asupportwiththreelegs”needed?A．Toshootamovie. B．Tosupportthebackdropswell.C．Tomakecharacters. D．Tostopthecameramovingeasily.40．Whichofthefollowingcanbestfillintheblank“▲”?A．Thingstoprepare B．Stepstodo C．Storiestochoose D．Rolestocollect閱讀填空（本題共5小題，每小題1分，共5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從文后選出適當(dāng)?shù)木渥友a全短文，使短文意思通順，內(nèi)容完整?！癢illplantsgrowontheMoon?”Foryears,scientistskeeptryingtofindtheanswertothisquestion.Luckily,withtheirgreateffort,theanswerturnsouttobe“Yes.”41ScientistsfromUniversityofFloridamadethisgreatdiscovery.42Theyplantedthalecress,asmallfloweringplant,thenaddedwater,nutrientsandlight,andrecordedtheresults.Atfirst,thescientistsweren’tsureiftheseedswouldgrow.Butnearlyallofthemdid.Scientistswereamazedwiththeresult.43Thegoodnewswasalmostallseedsgrew.Butafterthefirstweek,theygrewslowly.Mostplantsendedupsmallandnotfullydeveloped.ScientistsalsofoundthatthelongerthesoilwasontheMoon,theworsetheplantsseemedtogrow.Themoonsoil,stayingforseveralbillionyearslong,wastheleasthelpfulforgrowth.44Only382kilogramsofmoonrocksandsoilwerebroughtbackbytheastronautsthatlandedonthemoon.45Thescientistshopetoreusethesoillater,plantingmorethalecressbeforepossiblymovingontootherplants.“Growingplantsisabigstepforward.Thenextstepistogoandgrowplantsonthemoon.”ascientistsaid.A．Twelvegramsofthesoilwasgivenfortheplantingexperiment.B．Soanewmethodmightbetouseyoungermoonsoil.C．Scientistshavegrownplantsinmoonsoil,afirstinhistory.D．Astimewenton,scientistsmademorediscoveries.E．Theydidasimpleexperimenttogrowplantsinmoonsoil.四、語篇填詞(本題共5小題，每小題1分，共5分）閱讀短文，根據(jù)上下文和所給的首字母寫出所缺單詞。注意使用正確的形式，每空限填一詞。答卷時，要求寫出完整的單詞。Theworld’sfamouspalace,the600-year-oldForbiddenCity,receivesmorethan17millionv46everyyear.Butifweweretotravelbacktothepast,thishugepalacewouldbeatotalmysterytous.Atthattime,allbuildingsinBeijingwerelowexcepttheForbiddenCity.Itwasguardedbyhighwalls.Aftergettingalookatthegoldenrooffromtheoutside,commonpeoplecouldonlyimaginewhatitlookedlikeinside.TheForbiddenCitywhichisintheheartofBeijingisoneofthel47palacesonEarth.Itc48morethan720,000squaremetresandhas1,050buildingsandmorethan8,700rooms.Itwasb49bytheYongleEmperoroftheMingDynasty.Afterthat,itservedasthelivingandworkingplaceforfourteenemperorsoftheMingDynastyandtenemperorsoftheQingDynastyu50thelastemperorPuYileftin1924.ThepalacesawthehighsandlowsoftheMingandQingDynasties,aswellashowQingDynastyfinallycametoanendinChina.五、完成句子(本題共5小題，每小題2分，共10分）51．去年，Ann被選為去中國交流的學(xué)生之一。AnntobeoneoftheexchangestudentstoChinalastyear.52．當(dāng)時她對體驗中國文化習(xí)俗充滿期待。SheChinesecultureandcustomsatthattime.53．這是她第一次來中國，她不知道自己是否能明白中文。ShewonderedChinesebecausethiswasherfirsttimetocometoChina.54．她的寄宿家庭很好，在她空閑的時候為她組織了很多活動。wasnice