山西省部分學(xué)校2025屆高三下學(xué)期4月鞏固提升英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山西省部分學(xué)校2025屆高三下學(xué)期4月鞏固提升卷英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWilderness-accessTrainRidesNextstop:Coloradowilderness.StartyournextDurangooutdooradventurefromtheDurangoandSilvertonNarrowGaugeRailroad.Duringthesummermonths,May—October,adventurerscanaccessthewildernesseverydayfromtheDurangotrain.BookingtheTrainTrainsrundaily,withwildernessaccessavailableduringsummermonths.RinguptheDurangoandSilvertonNarrowGaugeRailroadat1-888-872-4607tomakeyourreservation.Makesureeveryoneinyourpartybooksthetraintogether.ParkingParkingforthetrainisavailableinDurangoandSilverton.ParkinginDurangois$8perdayforcars(eachadditionalday:$5)and$10perdayforRVs(房車)(eachadditionalday:$8).ParkingisavailableattheSilvertonDepotatnocharge.Dependingonwhereyouplantoboardthetrain,youhadbetterplanaheadanddeterminewhichparkingoptionmeetsyourneedsbest.AccessPointsYoucanboardthetrainforwildernessaccessinDurango.Fromhere,you'llhaveachoiceofwhereyou'dliketogo.There'retwomainaccesspointsforthewilderness:ElkParkandNeedleton.TheElkParkstopgivesyouaccesstotheColoradoTrail,ContinentalDivideTrailandtheVallecitoCreekTrail.TheNeedletonstopgivesyouaccesstotheNeedleCreekTrail,JohnsonCreekTrailandtheChicagoBasin.FlaggingtheTrainIfyou'reboardingthetrainataflagstop,youneedtoflagthetrainandlettheconductorknowyou'dliketoboardbywavingyourhandsacrossyourknees.Toboardataflagstop,youmustbeontheeastsideofthetracks.Onceonboard,you'llbeabletoridebacktoDurangotofinishyouradventure.It'seasytoexploretheColoradowildernessfromtheDurangotrain.Climbaboardandmakememoriesyou'llcherishforeverbyplanninganoutdooradventurethatstartsfromtheDurangoandSilvertonNarrowGaugeRailroad.1.Whatshouldadventurersdotobookthetrain?A.Makeaphonecall. B.Writetotheoffice.C.Checkthewebsitedaily. D.Visitthetrainstation.2.HowmuchshouldanadventurerpayforparkinganRVinDurangofortwodays?A.$13. B.$16. C.$18. D.$20.3.Howcanadventurersboardataflagstop?A.Byholdingacolorfulflagupintheair. B.Bywavinghandsacrosstheknees.C.BywaitingattheNeedleCreekTrail. D.Bystandingonthewestsideofthetracks.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科羅拉多州的杜蘭戈和西爾弗頓窄軌鐵路，以及如何通過這條鐵路進入荒野進行戶外探險?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BookingtheTrain”部分中的“RinguptheDurangoandSilvertonNarrowGaugeRailroadat1-888-872-4607tomakeyourreservation.(撥打1-888-872-4607聯(lián)系杜蘭戈和西爾弗頓窄軌鐵路以預(yù)訂火車票)”可知，冒險者需要通過電話預(yù)訂火車票。故選A項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Parking”部分中的“ParkinginDurangois$8perdayforcars(eachadditionalday:$5)and$10perdayforRVs(eachadditionalday:$8).(在杜蘭戈停車，汽車每天8美元，后續(xù)每天5美元；房車每天10美元，后續(xù)每天8美元)”可知，房車在杜蘭戈停兩天的停車費是：$10+$8=$18。故選C項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“FlaggingtheTrain”部分中的“Ifyou’reboardingthetrainataflagstop,youneedtoflagthetrainandlettheconductorknowyou'dliketoboardbywavingyourhandsacrossyourknees.(如果你在標(biāo)志站上車，你需要通過在膝蓋上方揮手來示意火車，讓列車員知道你想上車)”可知，冒險者需要在膝蓋上方揮手來示意火車。故選B項。BACanadianviolinistAdrianAnantawanjustwantstomakemusic.Butwhenheperforms,theaudiencearen’tjusthearingthebeautifulsoundsfromhisviolin,they’realsohearingthesoundsofinspiration.That’sbecauseAnantawanwasbornwithoutarighthandandmostofhisrightforearm.Thedisabilitycouldhavepreventedhimbecomingamusician,butthishasn’tblockedhimfromfollowinghisdreams.“Alotoftimes,weletfeargetinthewayoftryinganything,”saidAnantawan.“Forme,mystoryhasalwaysbeenaresultofjusttryingsomething,beingOKwithfailure,andthenjustseeingwhattheresultsare.Inmycase,it’sreallyjustbeautiful,expressivemusic.”However,hewentfrombeingrefusedbymusicteacherswhocouldnotthinkoutoftheboxtostudyingwithgiants,likeItzhakPerlman.Butitdidnothappenovernight.Inelementaryschool,hismusicteacherwantedhimtoplaytherecorder,buthedidn’thaveenoughfingerstodoso.Thetrumpet(小號)wasrecommendedbutAnantawanwasn’tmovedbythesound.Hereallywantedtoplaytheviolin.Andaftermanyrejections,heeventuallyfoundateacher,PeggyHills,whotaughthimtoplaytheviolinwithhislefthand.“FromtheveryfirstnoteIwasplaying,Iwasattractedtothesoundandthelinkofmybodytotheinstrument,beingabletoexpressmyimagination,”Anantawansaid.AnantawanisnowanassociateprofessorattheBerkleeCollegeofMusicandhefoundedtheMusicInclusionEnsemble,agroupofstudentswithdifferentdisabilitiesthatprovidehelpformusiciansaccordingtotheirindividualneeds.Hisgoalistoensurethatpeoplewhohavechallengesfeelliketheyhavechoicesinfindingwaystoexpressthemselves,ashedidthroughmusic.“Mydutyandjobistousethisplatforminsomewaytoshowpeoplewhatapersonwithavisibledisabilitycando.Andit’salwaysanhonortodothat.Andyouneverknowwho’swatchingintheaudienceorwho’llbemovedorinspiredtobeabletomakeachangeintheirlives,”Anantawansaid.4.WhichwordcanbestdescribeAnantawanaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Honest. B.Responsible. C.Determined. D.Humorous.5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Anantawan’sroadtotherightinstrument. B.Thewaystoovercomedifficulties.C.ThereasonsforAnantawanbeingrefused. D.Manyinstrumentsmusicianstried.6.HowdidAnantawan’sfirstexperiencewiththeviolinaffecthim?A.Helostcontrolofhisemotions. B.Hewasdisappointedwithhimself.C.Hegotnovividimagination. D.Hefeltconnectedwiththeinstrument.7.WhatisthepurposeoftheMusicInclusionEnsemble?A.Toteachmusictoseniorhighstudents. B.Toinspireandhelpdisabledmusiclovers.C.Topromotetheuseoftheviolininmusic. D.Toraisepeople’sawarenessofsympathy.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了加拿大獨臂小提琴家阿德里安·阿南塔萬的故事?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Forme,mystoryhasalwaysbeenaresultofjusttryingsomething,beingOKwithfailure,andthenjustseeingwhattheresultsare.Inmycase,it'sreallyjustbeautiful,expressivemusic.(對我來說，我的故事一直都是嘗試某事的結(jié)果，接受失敗，然后看看結(jié)果是什么。對我來說，它真的只是美麗、富有表現(xiàn)力的音樂。)”可知，阿德里安·阿南塔萬多次失敗都沒有放棄。由此可推斷，他是一個意志堅定的人。A.Honest誠實的；B.Responsible負(fù)責(zé)任的；C.Determined意志堅定的；D.Humorous幽默的。故選C。【5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“Inelementaryschool,hismusicteacherwantedhimtoplaytherecorder,buthedidn’thaveenoughfingerstodoso.ThetrumpetwasrecommendedbutAnantawanwasn’tmovedbythesound.Hereallywantedtoplaytheviolin.Andaftermanyrejections,heeventuallyfoundateacher,PeggyHills,whotaughthimtoplaytheviolinwithhislefthand.(在小學(xué)時，他的音樂老師想讓他學(xué)吹豎笛，但他沒有足夠的手指來吹。有人推薦他吹小號，但Anantawan對小號的聲音并不感興趣。他真的很想拉小提琴。在多次被拒絕后，他終于找到了一位老師，PeggyHills，她教他用左手拉小提琴)”可知，第三段主要講述了AdrianAnantawan是如何找到適合自己的樂器——小提琴，并克服重重困難開始學(xué)習(xí)的過程。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段““FromtheveryfirstnoteIwasplaying,Iwasattractedtothesoundandthelinkofmybodytotheinstrument,beingabletoexpressmyimagination,”Anantawansaid.(“從我演奏的第一個音符開始，我就被聲音和我的身體與樂器的聯(lián)系所吸引，能夠表達我的想象力，”阿南塔萬說)”可知，阿南塔萬第一次拉小提琴時就感覺自己和它融為一體，愛上了小提琴。故選D。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Hisgoalistoensurethatpeoplewhohavechallengesfeelliketheyhavechoicesinfindingwaystoexpressthemselves,ashedidthroughmusic.(他的目標(biāo)是確保那些面臨挑戰(zhàn)的人覺得他們可以選擇尋找表達自己的方式，就像他通過音樂一樣)”及最后一段中““Mydutyandjobistousethisplatforminsomewaytoshowpeoplewhatapersonwithavisibledisabilitycando.”(“我的職責(zé)和工作就是利用這個平臺，以某種方式向人們展示一個有明顯殘疾的人可以做些什么。”)”可推斷，阿南塔萬創(chuàng)建MusicInclusionEnsemble旨在幫助和鼓勵愛好音樂的殘疾人。故選B。CAsdustfromtheSaharablowsthousandsofkilometersacrosstheAtlanticOcean,itbecomesprogressivelymorenutritiousformarinemicrobes(海洋微生物),anewstudysuggests.“DustcloudssettlingontheAtlanticcangeneratephytoplankton(浮游植物)bloomsthatsupportmarineecosystems,”saidTimothyLyons,ascientistattheUniversityofCalifornia,Riverside.“Ironinthedustisincrediblyimportantforlife,”hesaid.Phytoplanktonrequireittochangecarbondioxideintosugars.Over240millionmetrictonsofSaharandustblowsovertheAtlanticOceaneachyear.ToknowwhetherthetypesofdustsettlingontheAtlantichadchangedoverthepast120,000years,LyonsandthemarinegeologistJeremyOwens,analyzeddust-derived(灰塵衍生的)mineralsinfourcorescollectedfromthemuddyseafloor—twointheeasternAtlanticnearAfrica,andtwofromfartherwestnearNorthAmerica.Industworldwide,approximately40%ofironisordinarilypresentwithin“reactive”mineralslikepyrite.Thiskindofironcanbreakdownwithweakacidsandpotentiallybeusedbylife.InthecoresamplesfromthebottomoftheAtlantic,onlyabout9%ofironinthedustmineralssampledfromfartherwestconsistedofreactiveironminerals,comparedwithabout18%industmineralstakenfromclosertoAfrica.“There’rephotochemicaltransformationsthattendtomaketheironmoresoluble(可溶解的)inwater,”saidLyons.HeandOwensconcludedthatduringthedust’sseveral-daytransatlanticflight,moreandmoreofitsreactiveironwaschanged—attackedbyacidsandradiation.Asthatimprovedironlatersettledintotheocean,itwaseatendirectlybyphytoplankton.Theonlyreactiveironthatmadeittotheseafloorwasthestuffthatwasn’tchangedduringairtransport,andwasn’ttakeninlater.“Thenewresultsareplausiblebecausepreviousstudieshaveshownthatironmineralsreactintheatmosphere,”saidNatalieMahowald,anatmosphericscientistwhostudiesdustatCornellUniversity.“TheirconclusiongoesalongwithwhatIthoughtwashappening,”shesaid.8.Whyisironimportantformarineecosystems?A.Itmakescarbondioxidemore. B.Itleadstotheabsorptionofsugars.C.Itprotectsphytoplanktonfromattack. D.Itprovidesnutritionforphytoplankton.9.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthefindingsoftheresearch?A.Weakacidsseldomchangereactiveironminerals.B.Thedustmineralsfromfartherwestarerichiniron.C.Thefewermineralsthereare,themoresensitiveweakacidsare.D.Thefartherthedesertdustflies,thelessthereactiveironisleft.10.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph5?A.Howphytoplanktonmakesittotheseafloor.B.Howreactiveironcooperateswithradiation.C.Howironindustbecomeseasiertoabsorb.D.Howatmosphericchemicalreactionsfail.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plausible”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Reliable. B.Uncertain. C.Abstract. D.Contradictory.【答案】8.D9.D10.C11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，即撒哈拉沙漠的沙塵在穿越大西洋數(shù)千公里的過程中，其攜帶的鐵元素逐漸變得更易被海洋微生物吸收，對海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生了積極影響?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中““Ironinthedustisincrediblyimportantforlife,”hesaid.Phytoplanktonrequireittochangecarbondioxideintosugars.(他說：“灰塵中的鐵對生命至關(guān)重要。浮游植物需要它來將二氧化碳轉(zhuǎn)化為糖類)”可知，鐵元素對浮游植物至關(guān)重要，它能幫助浮游植物將二氧化碳轉(zhuǎn)化為糖類，為浮游植物提供營養(yǎng)。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“HeandOwensconcludedthatduringthedust’sseveral-daytransatlanticflight,moreandmoreofitsreactiveironwaschanged—attackedbyacidsandradiation.(他和歐文斯得出結(jié)論，在沙塵穿越大西洋的幾天飛行中，越來越多的活性鐵發(fā)生了變化——受到酸和輻射的攻擊)”可知，沙塵中的活性鐵在穿越大西洋的過程中，逐漸被酸和輻射改變，即沙漠塵埃飛得越遠，剩下的活性鐵就越少。故選D?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中““There’rephotochemicaltransformationsthattendtomaketheironmoresoluble(可溶解的)inwater,”saidLyons.HeandOwensconcludedthatduringthedust’sseveral-daytransatlanticflight,moreandmoreofitsreactiveironwaschanged—attackedbyacidsandradiation.Asthatimprovedironlatersettledintotheocean,itwaseatendirectlybyphytoplankton.(Lyons說：“有一些光化學(xué)反應(yīng)會使鐵更容易溶解在水中?！彼蜌W文斯得出結(jié)論，在沙塵穿越大西洋的幾天飛行中，越來越多的活性鐵發(fā)生了變化——受到酸和輻射的攻擊。當(dāng)這些改良后的鐵后來沉積到海洋中時，它們被浮游植物直接吸收了)”可知，第五段主要講述了沙塵中的鐵是如何在大氣中發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)，變得更容易被浮游植物吸收的。故選C?！?1題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段““Thenewresultsare

plausiblebecausepreviousstudieshaveshownthatironmineralsreactintheatmosphere,”saidNatalieMahowald,anatmosphericscientistwhostudiesdustatCornellUniversity.“TheirconclusiongoesalongwithwhatIthoughtwashappening,”shesaid.(“新的結(jié)果是plausible，因為之前的研究表明，鐵礦物在大氣中會發(fā)生反應(yīng)，”康奈爾大學(xué)(CornellUniversity)研究塵埃的大氣科學(xué)家娜塔莉·馬霍瓦爾德(NatalieMahowald)說?！八麄兊慕Y(jié)論與我當(dāng)時的想法一致，”她說。)”可知，NatalieMahowald認(rèn)為新的研究結(jié)果是可靠的。A.Reliable可靠的；B.Uncertain不確定的；C.Abstract抽象的；D.Contradictory矛盾的。故選A。DJadeBenjamin-Chung,anassistantprofessorattheStanfordSchoolofMedicine,workedwithhercoworkerstoanalyzetheimpactofhygiene(衛(wèi)生)interventionsonhealthoutcomesinmiddle—andlow-incomeBangladeshihouseholds.Theyfoundmanycommonstrategiesusedtoprotectchildrenfromdiseaseweren’taseffectiveasexpected.Feelingcurious,Benjamin-Chungandhercoworkersidentifiedapotentialreason.Around70%ofruralhomesinBangladeshhavesoil-packedfloors.Asyoungkidseatandplayonthefloor,theyoftenabsorbtinysoil-basedparasites(寄生蟲)thatspreaddisease.Sotheythoughtabouttheconcretefloors,whichcouldcreateaspaceeasiertocleanandreducepathogen(病原體)spread.Benjamin-ChungmentionedtheirideatoSarahBillington,anexpertonconcreteandbuildingmaterialsfromtheStanfordDoerrSchoolofSustainability.WhenBillingtonheardtheteam’sideaofbroadlyreplacingsoil-packedfloorswithconcrete,sheworriedtheapproachcouldhaveunintendedconsequencesfortheclimateduetoheavycarbonemissions(排放)fromconcreteproduction.SoBillingtoninvitedotherStanfordexpertsintothefoldtounderstandwhyconcretewaseffectiveinreducingpathogenspreadanddesignlow-emissionconcretealternativesthatkeptthosehelpfulproperties.Theywantedtodevelopamixusingmaterialsthat’reeasilyfoundincountrieslikeBangladesh.Finally,onepossiblematerialwasrecycledflyash,abyproductofburningcoal.Theconcretemixwasaffordable,durableandproducedfeweremissions.Thentheydidanexperimentwheretheyhardenedconcretetesttiles(磚)madewithalternative“green”concreteandthensomepathogenswereputintothetilestomeasurehowwelltheysurvivedonthesurface.Theteam’sfindingssuggestthepathogenshavesimilarratesofsurvivalontraditionalconcretemixtilesand“green”alternativeflyashtiles.“Thisprojectcouldbeamodelforhowtoimprovepublichealthwithsustainabilitybakedinatthebeginning,”saidBenjamin-Chung.12.WhatdidBenjamin-Chungandhercoworkersfocusoninitially?A.Thebadinfluencesofconcrete. B.Diseasespreadintheneighborhood.C.Hygienepracticesinspecificfamilies. D.Recyclingmethodsofflyash.13.WhatmadeBillingtoninviteotherexpertsin?A.Herlackofknowledgeofpollution. B.Herworriesabouthealthoutcomes.C.Herstrugglewithpathogenresistance. D.Herconcernaboutclimateimpacts.14.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Thealternativeiseffectiveatreducingdiseasespread.B.Traditionalconcretedoesmoreharmtopeople’shealth.C.ThestudyhelpsreducethecostofhealthcareinBangladesh.D.Thestudyoffersgoodeducationalresourcestomedicalschools.15.Whatcouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.StrategiesforBangladeshiPublicHealth B.SustainableConcreteforHealthierHomesC.HygieneInterventionsinLow-incomeHomes D.PathogensSpreadthroughBuildingMaterials【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一種新型的環(huán)保建筑材料——低碳混合水泥板塊。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“JadeBenjamin-Chung,anassistantprofessorattheStanfordSchoolofMedicine,workedwithhercoworkerstoanalyzetheimpactofhygiene(衛(wèi)生)interventionsonhealthoutcomesinmiddle—andlow-incomeBangladeshihouseholds.(斯坦福大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院助理教授JadeBenjamin-Chung與她的同事一起分析了衛(wèi)生干預(yù)措施對孟加拉國中低收入家庭健康狀況的影響)”可知，Benjamin-Chung和她同事最初的研究重心是孟加拉國中低收入家庭的衛(wèi)生習(xí)慣。故選C?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“WhenBillingtonheardtheteam’sideaofbroadlyreplacingsoil-packedfloorswithconcrete,sheworriedtheapproachcouldhaveunintendedconsequencesfortheclimateduetoheavycarbonemissions(排放)fromconcreteproduction.(當(dāng)Billington聽到該團隊的想法是用混凝土廣泛取代土壤填充的地板時，她擔(dān)心這種方法可能會對氣候產(chǎn)生意想不到的后果，因為混凝土生產(chǎn)會產(chǎn)生大量的碳排放)”和第四段“SoBillingtoninvitedotherStanfordexpertsintothefoldtounderstandwhyconcretewaseffectiveinreducingpathogenspreadanddesignlow-emissionconcretealternativesthatkeptthosehelpfulproperties.(因此，Billington邀請了斯坦福大學(xué)的其他專家來了解為什么混凝土能有效地減少病原體的傳播，并設(shè)計出低排放的混凝土替代品，以保持這些有益的特性)”可知，Billington擔(dān)心使用混凝土?xí)夂驇碛绊?，故邀請了其他專家參與進來。故選D。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Theteam’sfindingssuggestthepathogenshavesimilarratesofsurvivalontraditionalconcretemixtilesand“green”alternativeflyashtiles.(研究小組的發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，在傳統(tǒng)的混凝土混合瓦和“綠色”替代粉煤灰瓦上，病原體的存活率相似)”可推斷，新型的水泥混合板在減少疾病傳播方面一樣有效。故選A?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Sotheythoughtabouttheconcretefloors,whichcouldcreateaspaceeasiertocleanandreducepathogen(病原體)spread.(所以他們想到了混凝土地板，這樣可以創(chuàng)造一個更容易清潔的空間，減少病原體的傳播)”以及本文主要介紹的是與世界上一些農(nóng)村地區(qū)常見的泥土地面不同，混凝土地面可減少攜帶疾病的病原體——但它們的成本很高，且對環(huán)境有害。一種低碳混合板塊可以提供解決這一問題。故B項“可持續(xù)混凝土打造更健康的家園”適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Gardeningisahobby,awayofprovidingfoodtothecommunity,aprofessionandafantasticwaytofilltherefrigerator.____16____Onevoicehasbeentryingtoshiftthetraditionalfarmingpracticessincethe1980s.EnglishhorticulturalistCharlesDowdingbeganexperimentingwithno-diggardeningtotesttheeffectivenessoftheprocess.Hisresultshaverepeatedlyproventhemanybenefitsofthepractice.Whatisno-diggardening?____17____Afterall,formorethanacentury,gardening’sfirststephasalwaysbeenfarmingthesoil.No-diggardeninggoesagainsteverythingyouknowaboutcultivatingseedsandplants.Actually,no-diggardeningisquitesimple.____18____Likeallgardens,ano-digplotneedstohaveaccesstofullsun.However,itcanbeplacedonyourpreparedgardenbed,araisedbed,orevenpots.Inordertocontinuetheno-diggardeningprocess,youneedtoremoveanygrassorweedsfromyourplantingarea.Dothisbycuttingthemaslowaspossible.Followingtheremovalofgrassorweeds,laydownthedampenedcardboardornewspaper,followedbyalayerofstraw(一層稻草).Ontopofthat,layerrichcompost(堆肥).____19____Onthecompost,addalayerofmanure(肥料).Ifyoudon’tlikethestrongsmelloffreshmanure,youcanaddanadditionallayerofstrawtothetop.Alsonoteyoucanmixtheselayersaroundwithsimilarresults.____20____Simplypartthepreparedsoilandplacetheseedsatrecommendeddepthandintervals(間隔).Wateryournewlyplantedseedsandmonitormoisturelevelsastheygrow.Notethattheymayrequirelesswaterthanatraditionalgarden.A.Youneedtoselecttheseedscarefully.B.Onceyourqualitymixisready,plantyourseeds.C.Itstartswithfindingtherightlocationforyourgarden.D.Thisisconsistentwithtraditionalsoilmanagementtechniques.E.Butnotallgardeningiscreatedequalwhenitcomestosustainability.F.Thiscanbebought,receivedfromaneighborormadeinyourownbackyard.G.It’sexactlywhatitsoundslike,butthatmightleaveyouunabletoimaginehowtogarden.【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.F20.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了免挖掘園藝的概念及具體實施方法?！?6題詳析】前文“Gardeningisahobby,awayofprovidingfoodtothecommunity,aprofessionandafantasticwaytofilltherefrigerator.(園藝是一種愛好，一種為社區(qū)提供食物的方式，一種職業(yè)，一種填滿冰箱的奇妙方式)”提到人們做園藝的各種目的，后文“Onevoicehasbeentryingtoshiftthetraditionalfarmingpracticessincethe1980s.EnglishhorticulturalistCharlesDowdingbeganexperimentingwithno-diggardeningtotesttheeffectivenessoftheprocess.(自20世紀(jì)80年代以來，一種聲音一直試圖改變傳統(tǒng)的農(nóng)業(yè)實踐。英國園藝學(xué)家CharlesDowding開始試驗免挖掘園藝，以測試這一過程的有效性)”提到與傳統(tǒng)園藝不同的免挖掘園藝，因此E項“Butnotallgardeningiscreatedequalwhenitcomestosustainability.(但在可持續(xù)性方面，并非所有的園藝都是一樣的)”符合語境，指出不同園藝的可持續(xù)性不同，和前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，引出后文的園藝變革。故選E?！?7題詳析】前文“Whatisno-diggardening?(什么是免挖掘園藝)”對免挖掘園藝的概念提問，后文“Afterall,formorethanacentury,gardening’sfirststephasalwaysbeenfarmingthesoil.(畢竟，一個多世紀(jì)以來，園藝的第一步一直是耕種土壤)”提到園藝往往從耕種土壤開始，因此G項“It’sexactlywhatitsoundslike,butthatmightleaveyouunabletoimaginehowtogarden.(這完全就是字面意思，但這可能會讓你無法想象如何進行園藝)”符合語境，說明免挖掘園藝指的就是其字面意義，但這會帶來困擾，回答前文的問題，后文是對困擾原因的解釋。故選G?！?8題詳析】前文“Actually,no-diggardeningisquitesimple.(實際上，免挖掘園藝很簡單)”提到免挖掘園藝是簡單的，后文“Likeallgardens,ano-digplotneedstohaveaccesstofullsun.However,itcanbeplacedonyourpreparedgardenbed,araisedbed,orevenpots.(和所有花園一樣，一個無需挖掘的地塊也需要有充足的陽光。不過，它可以建在你準(zhǔn)備好的花床上、高架花床里，甚至花盆中)”具體說明免挖掘地塊的位置選擇，因此C項“Itstartswithfindingtherightlocationforyourgarden.(首先要為你的花園找到合適的位置)”符合語境，指出首先要選擇合適的位置，承接前文，后文是對其具體說明。故選C?！?9題詳析】前文“Ontopofthat,layerrichcompost(堆肥).(在上面，鋪上一層豐富的堆肥)”提到鋪堆肥的步驟，因此F項“Thiscanbebought,receivedfromaneighborormadeinyourownbackyard.(這個可以買到，也可以從鄰居那里收到，也可以在自己的后院制作)”符合語境，指出堆肥的來源是多樣的，承接前文，其中的This指代前一句中的richcompost。故選F?！?0題詳析】后文“Simplypartthepreparedsoilandplacetheseedsatrecommendeddepthandintervals(間隔).Wateryournewlyplantedseedsandmonitormoisturelevelsastheygrow.(只需將準(zhǔn)備好的土壤分開，按照建議的深度和間距放置種子。給新種下的種子澆水，并在它們生長過程中監(jiān)測濕度水平)”具體介紹播種的方法，因此B項“Onceyourqualitymixisready,plantyourseeds.(一旦你的優(yōu)質(zhì)混合物準(zhǔn)備好了，就開始播種)”符合語境，提到播種的前提，引出后文的方法。故選B。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ArtistMichaelChandlergaveaMiamistoreadistinctlookwithahand-paintedceramictilemural(瓷磚壁畫)coveringthestore’sfrontwall.Chandlerworkedonthis____21____inhisstudio,mappingeachtilesothattheycouldbefittogether____22____inMiami.Oncethemuraltheme—TreeofLife—was____23____,Chandlerbeganthecreativeprocessthatallowedhimto____24____hisartisticability.“Ibeganwiththethicktreetrunkthatoriginatedfromthe____25____,andthen,witheachtile,slowlythinnedoutintothefinestbranchesatthetipsofthemural,”Chandlersaid.“AsIpaintedthetree,arangeofbirdsandflowers____26____insidemybrain.Itwasawonderfuland____27____processtoseewhatwouldappeareachday.”Giventhatthefinalmuralwouldonly____28____asawholeonceinMiami,Chandlerhadthedifficultjobof____29____thatthecompositionwouldremainbalanced.Nowthe1,800tilesareinstalled(安裝),it’sclearthatChandler’s____30____choiceshavefittogetherbeautifully.“Ihopepeoplewhoareworkingwithspacesanddesignhavealittlemore____31____todothingsonthislevelofartistry,”heshared.“Theworlddoesn’t____32____anothergraybuilding.”____33____toseehisworkinsuchapublicsettingwhereitcan____34____someone’sday,Chandlerisexcitedaboutthedirectionhisworkistakingandhopesto____35____pushingthecreativepossibilitiesofhisworkwithceramics.21.A.research B.relationship C.mission D.store22.A.approximately B.temporarily C.secretly D.easily23.A.remembered B.decided C.ignored D.convinced24.A.doubt B.spot C.limit D.demonstrate25.A.ground B.system C.forest D.owner26.A.disappeared B.emerged C.waited D.changed27.A.disappointing B.embarrassing C.exciting D.boring28.A.moveon B.dropout C.goaway D.cometogether29.A.agreeing B.ensuring C.insisting D.discovering30.A.unconscious B.unstable C.thoughtful D.awful31.A.courage B.generosity C.honesty D.sympathy32.A.deserve B.create C.need D.value33.A.Stressed B.Frightened C.Confused D.Pleased34.A.shorten B.brighten C.weaken D.awaken35.A.continue B.delay C.mind D.miss【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.B30.C31.A32.C33.D34.B35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了藝術(shù)家邁克爾?錢德勒（MichaelChandler）為邁阿密的一家商店創(chuàng)作并安裝手繪瓷磚壁畫“生命之樹”的故事，以及他對藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的期望。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：錢德勒在他的工作室里從事這項任務(wù)，繪制每一塊瓷磚的圖案，以便在邁阿密能輕松地將它們拼接在一起。A.research研究；B.relationship關(guān)系；C.mission任務(wù)；D.store商店。根據(jù)上文“ArtistMichaelChandlergaveaMiamistoreadistinctlookwithahand-paintedceramictilemuralcoveringthestore'sfrontwall.”可知，錢德勒要為商店繪制瓷磚壁畫，這是一項任務(wù)，所以此處指他在工作室從事這項“任務(wù)”。故選C項?！?2題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：錢德勒在他的工作室里從事這項任務(wù)，繪制每一塊瓷磚的圖案，以便在邁阿密能輕松地將它們拼接在一起。A.approximately大約；B.temporarily暫時地；C.secretly秘密地；D.easily容易地。根據(jù)上文“mappingeachtile”可知，繪制每一塊瓷磚的圖案是為了在邁阿密安裝時能“容易地”拼接在一起。故選D項?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一旦壁畫的主題——“生命之樹”被確定下來，錢德勒就開始了創(chuàng)作過程，這使他能夠展示自己的藝術(shù)才能。A.remembered記得；B.decided決定；C.ignored忽視；D.convinced使信服。根據(jù)下文“Chandlerbeganthecreativeprocess”可知，在開始創(chuàng)作過程之前，要先“確定”壁畫的主題。故選B項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一旦壁畫的主題——“生命之樹”被確定下來，錢德勒就開始了創(chuàng)作過程，這使他能夠展示自己的藝術(shù)才能。A.doubt懷疑；B.spot發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.limit限制；D.demonstrate展示。根據(jù)下文“hisartisticability”以及錢德勒開始創(chuàng)作壁畫可知，創(chuàng)作過程使他能夠“展示”自己的藝術(shù)才能。故選D項?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：錢德勒說：“我從從地面長出的粗壯的樹干開始畫，然后，隨著每一塊瓷磚的繪制，在壁畫的頂端慢慢變細(xì)，變成最細(xì)的樹枝?！盇.ground地面；B.system系統(tǒng)；C.forest森林；D.owner主人。根據(jù)常識可知，樹是從“地面”生長出來的，所以此處指從地面長出的粗壯的樹干。故選A項。【26題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我畫這棵樹的時候，一系列的鳥和花在我的腦海中浮現(xiàn)。A.disappeared消失；B.emerged出現(xiàn)；C.waited等待；D.changed改變。根據(jù)上文“AsIpaintedthetree”以及下文“insidemybrain”可知，當(dāng)他畫這棵樹的時候，一系列的鳥和花在他的腦海中“浮現(xiàn)”。故選B項。【27題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：看到每天會出現(xiàn)什么，這是一個美妙而令人興奮的過程。A.disappointing令人失望的；B.embarrassing令人尷尬的；C.exciting令人興奮的；D.boring令人厭煩的。根據(jù)上文“awonderfuland”可知，此處應(yīng)填與wonderful感情色彩一致的詞，“令人興奮的”，符合語境。故選C項?！?8題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：考慮到最終的壁畫只有在邁阿密安裝完成后才會作為一個整體呈現(xiàn)出來，錢德勒面臨著一項艱巨的任務(wù)，那就是確保構(gòu)圖保持平衡。A.moveon繼續(xù)前進；B.dropout退出；C.goaway走開；D.cometogether形成一個整體。根據(jù)上文“mappingeachtilesothattheycouldbefittogether”，下文“asawholeonceinMiami”以及“Nowthe1,800tilesareinstalled”可知，繪制每一塊瓷磚的圖案最后要將它們拼接在一起，只有當(dāng)1800塊瓷磚都安裝好后，壁畫才會“形成一個整體”。故選D項。【29題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：考慮到最終的壁畫只有在邁阿密安裝完成后才會作為一個整體呈現(xiàn)出來，錢德勒面臨著一項艱巨的任務(wù)，那就是確保構(gòu)圖保持平衡。A.agreeing同意；B.ensuring確保；C.insisting堅持；D.discovering發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“thecompositionwouldremainbalanced”可知，錢德勒要“確?！北诋嫷臉?gòu)圖保持平衡，這是他面臨的艱巨任務(wù)。故選B項。【30題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在1800塊瓷磚已經(jīng)安裝好了，很明顯，錢德勒經(jīng)過深思熟慮的選擇完美地融合在一起。A.unconscious無意識的；B.unstable不穩(wěn)定的；C.thoughtful深思熟慮的；D.awful糟糕的。根據(jù)下文“havefittogetherbeautifully”可知，這些瓷磚能完美地融合在一起，說明錢德勒的選擇是經(jīng)過“深思熟慮的”。故選C項?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他分享道：“我希望那些從事空間設(shè)計的人能有更多的勇氣，在這樣的藝術(shù)水平上做事情?！盇.courage勇氣；B.generosity慷慨；C.honesty誠實；D.sympathy同情。根據(jù)下文“todothingsonthislevelofartistry”以及錢德勒創(chuàng)作壁畫的經(jīng)歷可知，他希望從事空間設(shè)計的人能有更多“勇氣”在這樣的藝術(shù)水平上創(chuàng)作。故選A項。【32題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個世界不需要另一座灰色的建筑。A.deserve應(yīng)得；B.create創(chuàng)造；C.need需要；D.value重視。根據(jù)上文“Ihopepeoplewhoareworkingwithspacesanddesignhavealittlemore________todothingsonthislevelofartistry”可知，錢德勒認(rèn)為世界不“需要”另一座灰色的普通建筑，而是需要更有藝術(shù)感的作品。故選C項?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：很高興看到自己的作品出現(xiàn)在這樣一個公共場合，它可以照亮某人的一天，錢德勒對自己作品的發(fā)展方向感到興奮，并希望繼續(xù)推動他的陶瓷作品的創(chuàng)作可能性。A.Stressed有壓力的；B.Frightened害怕的；C.Confused困惑的；D.Pleased高興的。根據(jù)下文“Chandlerisexcitedaboutthedirectionhisworkistaking”可知，錢德勒對自己作品的發(fā)展方向感到興奮，所以他很“高興”看到自己的作品出現(xiàn)在公共場合。故選D項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：很高興看到自己的作品出現(xiàn)在這樣一個公共場合，它可以照亮某人的一天，錢德勒對自己作品的發(fā)展方向感到興奮，并希望繼續(xù)推動他的陶瓷作品的創(chuàng)作可能性。A.shorten縮短；B.brighten照亮；C.weaken減弱；D.awaken喚醒。根據(jù)上文“seehisworkinsuchapublicsetting”以及錢德勒對自己作品的態(tài)度可知，他的作品能給人們帶來積極的影響，“照亮某人的一天”符合語境。故選B項?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：很高興看到自己的作品出現(xiàn)在這樣一個公共場合，它可以照亮某人的一天，錢德勒對自己作品的