2021-2022學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

2/22021—2022學(xué)年（下）高一年級(jí)英語(yǔ)期末考試考生注意：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Howdoesthewomanliketogotowork?A.Onfoot.B.Bycar.C.Bybike.2.Whichpartoftheman'sbodyhurtstheworst?A.Hishands.B.Hisback.C.Hisknee.3.Howmanycupsoflemonadedoesthemanwant?A.One.B.Three.C.Five.4.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inasupermarket.C.Inahospital.5.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofAndrew'spaintingnow?A.Shelikesitsoldstyle.B.Shelikesitalotnow.C.Sheappreciatesitscolours.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Parentandchild.C.Teacherandstudent.7.Whichmonthisitnow?A.February.B.May.C.June.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatinstrumentarethespeakerslisteningto?A.Violin.B.Erhu.C.Piano.9.Howoldistheperformer?A.5yearsold.B.10yearsold.C.15yearsold.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Amovie.C.Anewsstory.11.WhendidAmandastartgoingthroughtheforest?A.Fourdaysago.B.Twodaysago.C.Yesterday.12.WhathappenedtoAmanda?A.Shegotlost.B.Sheranaway.C.Shegothurt.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Athome.B.Atastore.C.Atatravelcompany.14.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman'slastgift?A.Shereturnedit.B.Itwasn'tused.C.Herfatherlikeditalot.15.WhogaveacameraasaFather'sDaygift?A.Thewoman.B.Themanspeaker.C.Thewoman'sbrother.16.Whatisthewoman'sfatherinterestedin?A.Travelling.B.Technology.C.Clothes.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatwasthemainsubjectofthestudy?A.Sittingfortoolong.B.WatchingTVorvideos.C.Dealingwithhealthproblems.18.Whenwasthestudyfinished?A.In2001.B.In2016.C.In2017.19.WhichgrouphasthehighestnumberofTVwatchers?A.Childrenunder12.B.Teenagers.C.Theelderly.20.Howdoesthespeakersound?A.Worried.B.Confident.C.Excited.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AFollowingdetaileddiscussionswithallpartiesconcerned,theOCAExecutiveBoardannouncedthatithasdecidedtoputoffthe19thAsianGames,whichwasscheduledtobeheldinHangzhoufrom10to25,September2022.Thereare40sportsincludingswimming,archery,athletics,badminton,baseballandsoftball,basketball,boxing,etc.Duringthecompetitiondays,athleteswillcompetefor482goldmedals.Thefirsteventonthescheduleismen’sfootball.Themascots(吉祥物)ofthe19thAsianGamesHangzhou2022areagroupofrobots.ThethreeanimatedcharactersCongcong,LianlianandChenchenhavebecomeincreasinglypopular.TheycanbeseeneverywhereinHangzhou.Themascots’designswereinspiredbyHangzhou’sthreeWorldHeritagesites,namelytheArchaeologicalRuinsofLiangzhuCulture,theWestLake,andtheGrandCanal.TheHangzhouAsianGamesOrganizingCommitteehasworkedwithAlipaytoencouragethepublictodonate(捐獻(xiàn))onekilogramof“energy”theycollectedinagameknownas“AntForest”.Through“AntForest”peopleexchangetheiractualdailyfootstepsforvirtualenergy,whichcanbeusedtoplantrealtreesinChina.Inordertopromote“Zero-wasteAsianGames”,Hangzhouisbuildingzero-wastehotelsfortheAsianCames.Forexample,HangzhouInternationalExpoCentreHotelhasbuiltasetofdrinkablewatersystemtoreplacethebottledwatersupplyinguestrooms.Basedonthestandardoftwobottlesofwaterforeachroom,thedrinkablewatersystemcansavemorethan500bottlesofmineralwaterperdayandthusreduceagreatnumberofplasticbottlesinayear.1.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe19thAsianGamesHangzhou2022?A.Therearethreemascotsdesignedforit.B.Itwilllastmorethan18days.C.Swimmingeventswilltakeplacefirst.D.Morethan500goldmedalswillbeoffered.2.WhyhastheorganizingcommitteeworkedwithAlipay?A.Toraisesomemoney.B.Tocollectsomeenergy.C.Toprotecttheenvironment.D.Toimprovethelocaleconomy.3.HowwillHangzhouInternationalExpoCentreHotelreducethewaste?A.Bycollectingtherubbish.B.Bydonatingbottledwater.C.Bylimitingtheuseofwater.D.Byreducingtheuseofplastic.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了原定于2022年9月10日至25日在杭州舉行的第十九屆亞運(yùn)會(huì)將會(huì)被推遲，同時(shí)文章介紹了此次亞運(yùn)會(huì)的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目，吉祥物以及此次亞運(yùn)會(huì)為保護(hù)環(huán)境所做的貢獻(xiàn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Themascots(吉祥物)ofthe19thAsianGamesHangzhou2022areagroupofrobots.ThethreeanimatedcharactersCongcong,LianlianandChenchenhavebecomeincreasinglypopular.(杭州2022年第19屆亞運(yùn)會(huì)的吉祥物是一組機(jī)器人。這三個(gè)動(dòng)畫人物琮琮、蓮蓮和宸宸越來(lái)越受歡迎。)”可知，杭州2022年第19屆亞運(yùn)會(huì)有三個(gè)吉祥物，故選A。【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“TheHangzhouAsianGamesOrganizingCommitteehasworkedwithAlipaytoencouragethepublictodonate(捐獻(xiàn))onekilogramof“energy”theycollectedinagameknownas“AntForest”.Through“AntForest”peopleexchangetheiractualdailyfootstepsforvirtualenergy,whichcanbeusedtoplantrealtreesinChina.(杭州亞運(yùn)會(huì)組委會(huì)與支付寶合作，鼓勵(lì)公眾捐獻(xiàn)他們?cè)凇拔浵伾帧庇螒蛑惺占?公斤“能量”。通過“螞蟻森林”，人們將日常生活中的實(shí)際腳印交換成虛擬能量，這些虛擬能量可以用來(lái)在中國(guó)種植真正的樹木。)”可知，杭州亞運(yùn)會(huì)組委會(huì)與支付寶合作，能鼓勵(lì)人們將在游戲中收集的能量捐贈(zèng)，進(jìn)而可以在中國(guó)種植真正的樹木，由此可推知，杭州亞運(yùn)會(huì)組委會(huì)與支付寶合作的目的是為了保護(hù)環(huán)境，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Forexample,HangzhouInternationalExpoCentreHotelhasbuiltasetofdrinkablewatersystemtoreplacethebottledwatersupplyinguestrooms.Basedonthestandardoftwobottlesofwaterforeachroom,thedrinkablewatersystemcansavemorethan500bottlesofmineralwaterperdayandthusreduceagreatnumberofplasticbottlesinayear.(例如，杭州國(guó)際博覽中心酒店已經(jīng)建立了一套飲用水系統(tǒng)，取代了客房中的瓶裝水供應(yīng)。根據(jù)每個(gè)房間兩瓶水的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，飲用水系統(tǒng)每天可以節(jié)省500多瓶礦泉水，從而在一年內(nèi)減少大量的塑料瓶。)”可知，杭州國(guó)際博覽中心酒店建立飲用水系統(tǒng)，取代了客房中的瓶裝水供應(yīng)，這樣能每天節(jié)省500多瓶礦泉水，所以說(shuō)，杭州國(guó)際博覽中心酒店通過減少塑料的使用來(lái)減少浪費(fèi)，故選D。BAftertheWichitaStateUniversitymen’sbasketballteambeattheteamfromTarletonStateonTuesday,oneplayertookanunusualvictorylaparoundthestadium.DexterDennisstayedafterthegametohelpstaffatKochArenaclean.DennishelpedleadtheShockerstosuccess,buthedidn’tshowoff.Instead,thesoft-spokencollegejuniorfromLouisianadidsomethingveryhumble.Thevideofromthecourtshowshimpickinguprubbishinthestands.Nooneaskedhimtodoit.ThevideowassharedonTwitterbyTaylorEldridge,whocoversWichitaStateathleticsforTheWichitaEaglenewspaper.“Dexterisadifferentkindofguy,”Eldridgetweeted.Thevideoquicklycirculated,whichreceivedmorethan1.5millionviewsandtensofthousandsoflikes.“Wasn’tintroubleoranything.Didn’thaveto.Hejustwantedtohelpoutthecleaningworkers,”Eldridgewroteinanothertweet.“Cleanupcantakeuptothreehoursaftereverygame,”WichitaStateUniversityFacilitiesDirectorDavidGomezsaid.“Seeingastudentathletestayingtohelpisinspiring.”“WehaveseveralpeoplewhohavebeenhereformanyyearsandIknowforsomeofthem,that’sprobablythefirsttimethey’veseensomethinglikethathappen,”saidGomez.“AndIwanttosaythankyouforleadingandshowingusthattherearestillpeopleouttherewhorecognizethehardworkthat’sdonearoundhere.”“It’scrazythatsomeonewhojustplayedthegamehelpscleanupthestadium,”WichitaStatestudentandgolferMaxWojciechowskitoldKWCH.DennisrefusedKWCH’sofferforaninterviewandhasnotrespondedtoCBSNews,butdidaddressthemomentonTwitter.“Didn’tdoitforattention,”Dennistweeted.Heplayedfor30minutesduringthegame,hittingthreeoffourshotsfromthefieldandalsoenteringthetop10alltimeforcareerthree-pointersinShockerhistory,KWCHreports.4.Whatattractedpeople’sattentionaboutDexterDennis?A.Hisbasketballskills. B.Hiswinningthematch.C.Hisspecialappearance. D.Hiscleaningthestadium.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“circulated”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Lostattention. B.Raiseddoubts. C.Becamepopular. D.Gotpermission.6.HowdidDavidGomezreacttoDexterDennis’sbehaviour?A.Hefeltpuzzled. B.Heappreciatedit.C.Heexpressedhisregret. D.Hegavehimaprize.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDexterDennis?A.Caringandhelpful. B.Creativeandpatient.C.Smartandhardworking. D.Outgoingandhumorous.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要說(shuō)明了大三學(xué)生DexterDennis在比賽后留下來(lái)幫助工作人員打掃體育場(chǎng)，這一行為引起了人們的關(guān)注。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“DexterDennisstayedafterthegametohelpstaffatKochArenaclean.(DexterDennis在比賽結(jié)束后留下來(lái)幫助科赫球館的工作人員打掃衛(wèi)生)”以及第二段中“Thevideofromthecourtshowshimpickinguprubbishinthestands.Nooneaskedhimtodoit.(球場(chǎng)上的視頻顯示他在看臺(tái)上撿垃圾。沒有人要求他做這件事)”可知，DexterDennis打掃體育場(chǎng)的行為吸引了人們的注意。故選D。5題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“whichreceivedmorethan1.5millionviewsandtensofthousandsoflikes(它獲得了超過150萬(wàn)的瀏覽量和數(shù)萬(wàn)個(gè)贊)”可知，這段視頻迅速變得流行，點(diǎn)擊量超過150萬(wàn)次，獲得了數(shù)萬(wàn)個(gè)贊。故畫線詞意思是“變得流行”。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段““Cleanupcantakeuptothreehoursaftereverygame,”WichitaStateUniversityFacilitiesDirectorDavidGomezsaid.“Seeingastudentathletestayingtohelpisinspiring.”(威奇托州立大學(xué)設(shè)施主任DavidGomez說(shuō)：“每場(chǎng)比賽后的清理工作可能需要長(zhǎng)達(dá)3個(gè)小時(shí)?？吹揭粋€(gè)學(xué)生運(yùn)動(dòng)員留下來(lái)提供幫助是令人鼓舞的?！?”可知，DavidGomez對(duì)DexterDennis的行為很欣賞。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“DexterDennisstayedafterthegametohelpstaffatKochArenaclean.(DexterDennis在比賽結(jié)束后留下來(lái)幫助科赫球館的工作人員打掃衛(wèi)生)”以及第二段“DennishelpedleadtheShockerstosuccess,buthedidn’tshowoff.Instead,thesoft-spokencollegejuniorfromLouisianadidsomethingveryhumble.Thevideofromthecourtshowshimpickinguprubbishinthestands.Nooneaskedhimtodoit.(Dennis幫助“震撼者”獲得了成功，但他從不炫耀。相反，這位來(lái)自路易斯安那州的輕聲細(xì)語(yǔ)的大三學(xué)生做了一件非常謙遜的事情。球場(chǎng)上的視頻顯示他在看臺(tái)上撿垃圾。沒有人要求他做這件事)”可推知，DexterDennis關(guān)心他人且樂于助人。故選A。CArecentscientificreportsaysthatmorethanone-fifthoftheworld’sreptiles(爬行動(dòng)物)arefacedwithextinction.Themainthreat(威脅)toreptilesisthelossoftheirnaturalhomes,ashumanstakeovermoreandmorenaturalareas.Thestudy,writtenby52scientists,isthefirstworldwidemeasurementofhowthreateneddifferentspecies(物種)ofreptilesare.Thenewreporthasshownsomeunhappynews—21%ofallreptilespeciesareindangerofextinction.That’sover1,800speciesinall.Themainreasonwhythesereptilesaredyingoutisthathumansaretakingovermoreandmoreoftheirhabitats—theplaceswheretheynaturallylive.Morelandcontinuestobeclearedtomakeroomforcitiesandtowns.Largeareasoflandarealsobeingclearedsothattheycanbeusedasfarmland.Logging—cuttingdowntreesforwood—isanotherbigthreattoreptilehabitat.Turtlesandcrocodilesareamongthemostthreatenedreptiles.Humansareadirectthreathere,oftenkillingtheseanimalsfortheirskinormeat.Similarworldwidestudiesofbirdsandmammals(哺乳動(dòng)物)weremademorethantenyearsago.Theauthorsofthereportsayitwashardertocollectthemoneyneededtostudyreptiles.Theybelievethat’sbecausefurryorfeatheryanimalslikemammalsandbirdsaremorepopularwithmostpeople.Butevenifreptilesaren’tconsideredcute,theyplayaveryimportantpartinnature’sfoodchains.Oneserviceperformedbyreptilesthathumansshouldappreciateishelpingcontrolcertainpests,likeinsectsandrats.Weknowwhatmustbedonetoprotectreptiles.BruceYoung,oneoftheleadersofthestudy,says,“Wehaveallthetoolsweneed.”Protectingnaturalareasisatthetopofthelist.Studiesshowthatsavingnaturalareasdoesn’tjustprotectmammalsorbirds,butallkindsofanimals,includingreptiles.Sothetimeisalwaysrighttodotherightthing!8.Whatisthetopreasonforreptiles’dangeroussituation?A.Thelackoffood. B.People’skillingthem.C.Thelossoftheirnaturalhomes. D.People’scuttingdowntrees.9.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A.Reptilesareprettierthanmammals.B.Peoplecaremoreaboutmammalsthanreptiles.C.Mammalsaremoreimportantthanreptiles.D.Reptilesarebetterprotectedthanmammals.10.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Tosharesomegoodnews. B.Toteachsomeusefulskills.C.Tocallonpeopletotakeaction. D.Togivepeoplesomeconfidence.11.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ReptilesAreatRiskofDyingOut.B.ANewReportShowedSomeBadNews.C.WhatShouldWeDotoProtectReptiles?D.WhyReptilesAreinDanger?【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一篇研究，研究表明有相當(dāng)一部分爬行動(dòng)物瀕臨滅絕，主要原因在于自然棲息地的喪失；文章還指出爬行動(dòng)物不如哺乳動(dòng)物和鳥類受到人類關(guān)注，呼吁大家采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)爬行動(dòng)物。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Themainthreat(威脅)toreptilesisthelossoftheirnaturalhomes,ashumanstakeovermoreandmorenaturalareas.(爬行動(dòng)物的主要威脅在于，人類不斷地占據(jù)自然區(qū)域，導(dǎo)致這些動(dòng)物失去了自然棲息地)”可知，導(dǎo)致爬行動(dòng)物面臨險(xiǎn)境的最大原因是失去了自然棲息地。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的前三句“Similarworldwidestudiesofbirdsandmammals(哺乳動(dòng)物)weremademorethantenyearsago.Theauthorsofthereportsayitwashardertocollectthemoneyneededtostudyreptiles.Theybelievethat’sbecausefurryorfeatheryanimalslikemammalsandbirdsaremorepopularwithmostpeople.(十多年前，世界各地均對(duì)鳥類和哺乳動(dòng)物開展了類似的研究。該報(bào)告的作者稱，籌集爬行動(dòng)物研究資金會(huì)更加困難。他們認(rèn)為這是因?yàn)橄癫溉閯?dòng)物和鳥類這樣毛茸茸或有羽毛的動(dòng)物更受大多數(shù)人歡迎)”可知，和哺乳動(dòng)物和鳥類相比，籌集用于研究爬行動(dòng)物的資金會(huì)更難，而且爬行動(dòng)物也不如哺乳動(dòng)物和鳥類受歡迎。由此可知，人們更關(guān)心哺乳動(dòng)物，而不是爬行動(dòng)物。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Weknowwhatmustbedonetoprotectreptiles.BruceYoung,oneoftheleadersofthestudy,says,“Wehaveallthetoolsweneed.”Protectingnaturalareasisatthetopofthelist.Studiesshowthatsavingnaturalareasdoesn’tjustprotectmammalsorbirds,butallkindsofanimals,includingreptiles.Sothetimeisalwaysrighttodotherightthing!(我們知道必須要做什么來(lái)保護(hù)爬行動(dòng)物。研究負(fù)責(zé)人布魯斯·揚(yáng)說(shuō)：“所需工具齊全?！北Ｗo(hù)自然棲息地是首要任務(wù)。研究表明，保護(hù)自然棲息地不僅僅是保護(hù)哺乳動(dòng)物或鳥類，而是應(yīng)該保護(hù)含爬行動(dòng)物在內(nèi)的所有動(dòng)物。所以只要是做正確的事情，任何時(shí)機(jī)都正確！)”可知，最后一段強(qiáng)調(diào)要采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)爬行動(dòng)物，說(shuō)明該段目的是呼吁人們采取行動(dòng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。文章前三段介紹一項(xiàng)研究，研究表明，全球超過五分之一的爬行動(dòng)物瀕臨滅絕，主要原因是自然棲息地的喪失——這是由人類活動(dòng)造成的；第四段指出爬行動(dòng)物不如哺乳動(dòng)物和鳥類受到人類關(guān)注；第五段呼吁人們要一視同仁，在保護(hù)哺乳動(dòng)物和鳥類的同時(shí)，也應(yīng)采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)爬行動(dòng)物。由此可知，A項(xiàng)“爬行動(dòng)物面臨滅絕危機(jī)”最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。DTeamworkhasbeenbehindsomeofhumans’greatestachievements—theBeatles’biggesthits,puttingamanonthemoon,andthesmartphone.Doesvideointeractiondamagethecreativeprocessthatledtosuchachievements?Yes,accordingtonewresearchpublishedWednesdaythatfoundit’seasiertocomeupwithcreativeideasinperson.It’sananswermanyemployershavebeensearchingforoverthepasttwoyears,asworkingfromhomehasbecomenormalduringtheCOVID-19pandemic.“Wefirstlystartedtheprojectin2016becausewelearnedfrommanagersthatinnovationwasoneofthebiggestchallengeswithvideointeraction,”saidMelanieBrucks,anauthorofthestudy.Bruckssaidshespentfouryearsexploringwhetheritreallyhadanyinfluenceonpeople’sabilitytoproducenewideas.Sheorganized602universitystudentsanddividedthemintopairstoworkontaskseitherinpersonoronline.Thetasksincludedcomingupwithnewusesforeverydaythings.Theperformanceofeachpairwasdeterminedbyhowmanyideastheycameupwithandthevalueoftheirideasasrankedbystudentjudges.Researchersalsofoundthatvirtualparticipantsspentmoretimelookingdirectlyattheirpartner,ratherthanlookingaroundtheroom.What’smore,shesaidpairswhowerevideo-conferencingrememberedlessoftheirsurroundings.“Thisvisualfocusonthescreennarrowscognition.Inotherwords,peoplearemorefocusedwheninteractingonvideo,whichhurtsthebroad,expansiveideaproducingprocess.Objectsintheroomcaninspirenewideaseasierthantryingtoproducetheminheart,”Bruckssaid.JayOlson,ascholaratMeGillUniversityinCanada,saidmanagersshouldn’trushtogetpeoplebackintheofficeoraddmoreface-to-facemeetingsasaresultofthisresearch.“Iwouldn’twanttoseeacompanydoubletheirin-personmeetingshopingtoimprovetheirinnovation,ifthisalsomeansdoublingthecommutetimeresultinginlesshappy—andperhapslesscreative—employees.”12.Whathavemanyemployersbeenwondering?AWhatleadstocreativeideas. B.Whatdamagesourcreativity.C.Whethervideomeetingsinfluencecreativity. D.Whetherface-to-facemeetingsaremoreeffective.13.Whatweretheuniversitystudentsaskedtodointheexperiment?A.Findsomesolutions. B.Presentnewideas.C.Showartistictalents. D.Makeeverydaythings.14.Whathurtspeople’sproducingideasaccordingtoMelanieBrucks?A.Focusingonthescreen. B.Communicatinginperson.C.Lookingaroundtheroom. D.Doublingthecommutetime.15.What’sJayOlson’sattitudetoaddingmorein-personmeetings?A.Worried. B.Unsupportive. C.Uncaring. D.Hopeful.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了視頻會(huì)議會(huì)影響創(chuàng)造力，介紹了研究開展的過程以及人們對(duì)此的看法?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Doesvideointeractiondamagethecreativeprocessthatledtosuchachievements?(視頻互動(dòng)是否破壞了創(chuàng)造這些成就的過程？)”以及第三段“It’sananswermanyemployershavebeensearchingforoverthepasttwoyears,asworkingfromhomehasbecomenormalduringtheCOVID-19pandemic.(這是過去兩年來(lái)許多雇主一直在尋找的答案，因?yàn)樵谛鹿诜窝状罅餍衅陂g，在家工作已經(jīng)成為常態(tài))”可知，許多雇主想知道視頻會(huì)議是否會(huì)影響創(chuàng)造力。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Thetasksincludedcomingupwithnewusesforeverydaythings.(這些任務(wù)包括想出日常用品的新用途)”可知，大學(xué)生在實(shí)驗(yàn)中被要求提出新的想法。故選B。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Thisvisualfocusonthescreennarrowscognition.Inotherwords,peoplearemorefocusedwheninteractingonvideo,whichhurtsthebroad,expansiveideaproducingprocess.(這種對(duì)屏幕的視覺聚焦縮小了認(rèn)知。換句話說(shuō)，人們?cè)谂c視頻互動(dòng)時(shí)更專注，這損害了廣泛的想法產(chǎn)生過程)”可知，梅勒妮·布魯克斯認(rèn)為，盯著屏幕傷害了人們產(chǎn)生想法。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“JayOlson,ascholaratMeGillUniversityinCanada,saidmanagersshouldn’trushtogetpeoplebackintheofficeoraddmoreface-to-facemeetingsasaresultofthisresearch.(加拿大梅吉爾大學(xué)學(xué)者JayOlson說(shuō)，根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究，經(jīng)理們不應(yīng)該急于讓員工回到辦公室，也不應(yīng)該增加更多面對(duì)面的會(huì)議)”可推知，JayOlson不支持增加更多的面對(duì)面會(huì)議。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。996isatermtodescribeworkingshiftsthatstartfrom9amto9pm,6daysaweektotalling72hoursperweek.Anemployeehastostayintheofficeuntillateintheevening.___16___Rather,itisanunwrittenrule.The996workcultureismostseeninbigtechcompanies.Thereareotherformsofworkculture,suchas8106(from8amto10pm,6daysperweek),997(from9amto9pm,7daysperweek).However,the007workcultureisthemoststriking.Underthisworkculture,anemployeewouldhavetoworkfrom0amto0pm7daysperweek.___17___Lyingflatliterallymeans“l(fā)yingdownandresting”.AsanInternetbuzzword,itmeans“Idon’twanttofight”.Tomanypeople,itmeansnotfollowingtheunwrittenrulesoffast-pacedsociety,suchasnotbuyingahousenoracar,notmarrying,nothavingchildren.___18___Intheworkplace,itisrefusingtobecomeamachineforotherstomakemoney.Someworkersrefusetoacceptthe996workculture.___19___Apartfromworkingandsleeping,theyarenotabletodootheractivitiesastheyarestuckatworkandfeelconstantlytiredandpressured.By“l(fā)yingflat”,theyareabletoshowtheirdisagreementwiththeworkculture.___20___Manyofthemfeelthattogetagoodjobandagoodsalary,itisnecessarytoworkhard.Theybelievelyingflatisnotasolutionforthem.A.Theylikeworkinglonghours.BIt’shumannaturetolikelivingincomfort.C.Howevernotalltheyoungpeoplelikelyingflat.D.The996workingsystemisnotaformalpolicyinacompany.E.Thismeansheorshewouldhavetobeavailableonlineallday.F.Theythinktheycannotbalancetheirworkandlifeatthesametime.G.Andtosomeitmeansnotconsuming(消費(fèi))andhavingtheloweststandardofliving.【答案】16.D17.E18.G19.F20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了公司996、007等工作制以及“躺平”的含義，還舉出了人們對(duì)“躺平”的不同看法。【16題詳解】下文“Rather,itisanunwrittenrule.”（確切地說(shuō)，這種工作制是不成文的規(guī)定。）為設(shè)空處提供更確切的信息，即996工作制是不成文規(guī)定，由此可知，前面講的是D項(xiàng)“996工作制不是一項(xiàng)正式的公司政策?！毕挛牡摹癷t”指代的是D項(xiàng)的“996workingsystem”。所以D項(xiàng)符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Underthisworkculture,anemployeewouldhavetoworkfrom0amto0pm7daysperweek.”（在這種企業(yè)文化下，員工不得不從當(dāng)日0點(diǎn)一直工作到次日0點(diǎn)，一周七天不休息。）講的是007工作制所對(duì)應(yīng)的員工具體工作時(shí)長(zhǎng)，E項(xiàng)“這意味著員工一整天都得在線”則解釋了上文提到的007工作制意味著什么，其中“beavailableonlineallday”與上文“workfrom0amto0pm”一致。所以E項(xiàng)符合題意。故選E項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文“Tomanypeople,itmeansnotfollowingtheunwrittenrulesoffast-pacedsociety,suchasnotbuyingahousenoracar,notmarrying,nothavingchildren.”（對(duì)許多人而言，躺平意味著不遵循快節(jié)奏社會(huì)的這項(xiàng)不成文規(guī)定，比如不買房，不買車，不結(jié)婚生子。）講的是躺平在許多人眼中的含義。下文“Intheworkplace,itisrefusingtobecomeamachineforotherstomakemoney.”（在工作語(yǔ)境下，躺平即拒絕成為為他人賺錢的機(jī)器。）講的是躺平在工作語(yǔ)境下的含義。上下文講的都是躺平的含義，說(shuō)明設(shè)空處也是介紹躺平的含義，G項(xiàng)“對(duì)某些人而言，躺平意味著不消費(fèi)，生活水平最低”介紹的是一部分人對(duì)躺平的理解，符合題意。故選G項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】上文“Someworkersrefusetoacceptthe996workculture.”（一些工作者拒絕接受996工作文化）指出有些人反對(duì)996加班文化，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“他們認(rèn)為自己無(wú)法同時(shí)平衡工作與生活”指出了上文有些人反對(duì)996的原因，其中“They”指代上文的“Someworkers”，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)引出下文“Apartfromworkingandsleeping,theyarenotabletodootheractivitiesastheyarestuckatworkandfeelconstantlytiredandpressured.”（除了工作和睡覺以外，值得注意的是，他們還做其他活動(dòng)，因?yàn)樗麄儽焕г诠ぷ髦?，?jīng)常感到疲憊和壓力。）所以F項(xiàng)符合題意。故選F項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】下文“Manyofthemfeelthattogetagoodjobandagoodsalary,itisnecessarytoworkhard.Theybelievelyingflatisnotasolutionforthem.”（他們當(dāng)中許多人覺得為了能夠有高薪的好工作，必須得努力工作。他們認(rèn)為躺平并不能解決他們的問題。）講的是有些人認(rèn)為躺平不能解決問題，而且努力工作是必要的，由此可知，設(shè)空處首先指出有些人反對(duì)躺平，下文是對(duì)設(shè)空處的具體闡述，則C項(xiàng)“然而，不是所有的年輕人都喜歡躺平的”符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Manypeopleholdseveraljobsthroughouttheirlife.Thisisvery___21___nowadays.ButamaninBrazilhasstayedatone___22___longerthananyoneelseintheworld.WalterOrthmann,100,___23___theGuinnessWorldRecordforworkingatthesamecompanyfor84yearsandninedays.Orthmann’s___24___startedwhenhewasjust15yearsold.He___25___IndustriasRenauxS.A.in1938,workingasashippingassistantatthetextilecompany.Asachild,hewasalways___26___tolearn,buthadtostartworkingtohelp___27___hisfamily,wholivedinBrusque.There,Orthmanncontinuedtolovelearningandgotpromotedtoasalesposition,andthenamanager.Thecompanyhasalso___28___overthepast84years,which___29___Orthmannthemostimportantpartofthebusiness:Stayup-to-dateand____30____todifferentcontexts.Hisrecord-breakingcareerwas____31____byGuinnessWorldRecordsonJanuary6,2022.Hesaiditwasan____32____,oneheneverimaginedachieving.Hisprofessional____33____istoworkinanareawhereyoufeelactive.Orthmannturned100yearsoldonApril19and____34____withcoworkers,friendsandfamily.Heexerciseseverydayandisalso____35____fit.So,hestillgoestohisfavoriteplaceeveryday:theoffice.His84-year-longcareerwasperhapsachievedbyhisabilitytoliveinthe____36____.“Idon’tdomuchplanning,nordoI____37____yesterday,”hesaid.“AllI____38____isthatyouneedtobe____39____forwhatyouhavenow.Hereandnowiswhat____40____.So,let’sgotowork!”21.A.formal B.special C.common D.strange22.A.hospital B.farm C.school D.company23.A.set B.affected C.won D.noticed24.A.interest B.job C.education D.struggle25.A.led B.entered C.organized D.introduced26.A.surprised B.stressed C.eager D.afraid27.A.protect B.support C.comfort D.recognize28.A.searched B.suffered C.changed D.recovered29.A.taught B.awarded C.promised D.spared30.A.refer B.turn C.move D.adapt31.A.confirmed B.ignored C.provided D.considered32.A.adventure B.order C.agreement D.honour33.A.advice B.solution C.purpose D.decision34.A.traveled B.celebrated C.competed D.argued35.A.usually B.gradually C.mentally D.regularly36.A.past B.present C.country D.society37.A.imagine B.prepare C.experience D.regret38.A.careabout B.lookinto C.takeover D.comeacross39.A.anxious B.known C.thankful D.ready40.A.exists B.counts C.remains D.indicates【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.B26.C27.B28.C29.A30.D31.A32.D33.A34.B35.C36.B37.D38.A39.C40.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了巴西百歲老人84年在同一個(gè)公司工作，成“最強(qiáng)打工人”。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這在當(dāng)今是很常見的。A.formal正式的；B.special特別的；C.common普遍的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)上文“Manypeopleholdseveraljobsthroughouttheirlife.”可知一輩子做幾份工作是很常見的事情。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但巴西有一個(gè)人在一家公司工作的時(shí)間比世界上任何人都長(zhǎng)。A.hospital醫(yī)院；B.farm農(nóng)場(chǎng)；C.school學(xué)校；D.company公司。根據(jù)后文“workingatthesamecompanyfor84years”可知，指在同一家公司工作。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：今年100歲的WalterOrthmann在同一家公司工作了84年零9天，創(chuàng)造了吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄。A.set設(shè)置；B.affected贏得；C.won贏得；D.noticed注意到。根據(jù)后文“theGuinnessWorldRecord”指創(chuàng)造吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞set。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Orthmann的工作在他15歲時(shí)就開始了。A.interest興趣；B.job工作；C.education教育；D.struggle努力。根據(jù)后文“IndustriasRenauxS.A.in1938,workingasashippingassistantatthetextilecompany”可知說(shuō)明的是工作開始的時(shí)間。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：1938年，他進(jìn)入IndustriasRenauxS.A.，在一家紡織公司擔(dān)任航運(yùn)助理。A.led帶領(lǐng)；B.entered進(jìn)入；C.organized識(shí)別；D.introduced介紹。根據(jù)后文“IndustriasRenauxS.A.in1938,workingasashippingassistantatthetextilecompany”指進(jìn)入IndustriasRenauxS.A.這家公司。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個(gè)孩子，他總是渴望學(xué)習(xí)，但不得不開始工作，以幫養(yǎng)家糊口，他們住在布魯斯克。A.surprised驚訝的；B.stressed焦慮的；C.eager渴望的；D.afraid害怕的。根據(jù)后文“tolearn,buthadtostartworking”可知他渴望學(xué)習(xí)，但不得不開始工作。故選C。27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個(gè)孩子，他總是渴望學(xué)習(xí)，但不得不開始工作，以幫養(yǎng)家糊口，他們住在布魯斯克。A.protect保護(hù)；B.support支持；C.comfort安慰；D.recognize識(shí)別。根據(jù)后文“hisfamily”可知要工作養(yǎng)活家人。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：該公司在過去84年里也發(fā)生了變化，這教會(huì)了Orthmann關(guān)于商業(yè)最重要的一點(diǎn)：與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，適應(yīng)不同的環(huán)境。A.searched尋找；B.suffered遭受；C.changed改變；D.recovered恢復(fù)。根據(jù)后文“overthepast84years”以及常識(shí)，公司在過去84年里也發(fā)生了變化。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：該公司在過去84年里也發(fā)生了變化，這教會(huì)了Orthmann關(guān)于商業(yè)最重要的一點(diǎn)：與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，適應(yīng)不同的環(huán)境。A.taught教學(xué)；B.awarded獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；C.promised承諾；D.spared饒恕。根據(jù)后文“Orthmannthemostimportantpartofthebusiness”指該公司在過去84年里也發(fā)生了變化，這教會(huì)了Orthmann關(guān)于商業(yè)最重要的一點(diǎn)：與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，適應(yīng)不同的環(huán)境。故選A。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：該公司在過去84年里也發(fā)生了變化，這教會(huì)了Orthmann關(guān)于商業(yè)最重要的一點(diǎn)：與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，適應(yīng)不同的環(huán)境。A.refer涉及；B.turn轉(zhuǎn)彎；C.move移動(dòng)；D.adapt適應(yīng)。根據(jù)上文“Thecompanyhasalso____overthepast84years”以及后文“todifferentcontexts”指適應(yīng)不同的環(huán)境。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：2022年1月6日，吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄確認(rèn)了他打破紀(jì)錄的職業(yè)生涯。A.confirmed確認(rèn)；B.ignored忽視；C.provided提供；D.considered考慮。根據(jù)下文“byGuinnessWorldRecords”指吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄確認(rèn)了他打破紀(jì)錄的職業(yè)生涯。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他說(shuō)這是一種榮譽(yù)，一種他從未想過會(huì)獲得的榮譽(yù)。A.adventure冒險(xiǎn)；B.order命令；C.agreement協(xié)議；D.honour榮譽(yù)。根據(jù)后文“oneheneverimaginedachieving”可知這是一種他從未想過會(huì)獲得的榮譽(yù)。故選D。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的專業(yè)建議是在你感覺活躍的地方工作。A.advice建議；B.solution解決方案；C.purpose目的；D.decisio