高中非謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題之過(guò)去分詞學(xué)案-高三下學(xué)期英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)

非謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題之過(guò)去分詞一、課前回顧1.非謂語(yǔ)是什么？形式有哪些？以下ving哪些是動(dòng)名詞？哪些是現(xiàn)在分詞？1.It’snouse_________(spend)somuchtimeondiscussionsuchanunimportantmatter.2.ThechurchwasoneofthosefineoldEnglishstructuresandwasworthyof________(visit).3.Thisbookisgreatanditisreallyworth__________(read)asecondtime.4.Theydon’tallow__________loudhere.Thatistosay,wearenotallowed__________loudhere.(speak)5.Hesatonthebench,withoneofhislegs__________(swing)fromsidetoside.6.__________(see)fromthetopofahill,wefindthecityveryattractive.7.__________(be)illforalongtime,heneededtimetorecover.8.Whenthemanwaswalkingbytheriver,hesawaboy__________(struggle)inthewater.9.Whenitesto__________(practise)colourtherapy,sheisanexpert.10.The__________(president)attendingthemeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.11.It’sverynicetoday.Ifeellike__________(take)awalkforsomefreshair.12.__________(interest)ingreatworksofliteraturecanencouragecreativity.13.Iremember__________(take)tothezoobymymotherwhenIwasachild.14.Weshouldhavethefire___________(burn)allthetime.15.Iheardher___________(sing)anEnglishsongwhenIpassedby.小結(jié)：動(dòng)名詞起到____詞的用途，在句子中可充當(dāng)____語(yǔ)、____語(yǔ)、____語(yǔ)、____語(yǔ)____語(yǔ)等；而現(xiàn)在分詞起到____詞的用途，____能看出動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，表示動(dòng)作由發(fā)出者_(dá)___，或____。在句子中可充當(dāng)____語(yǔ)、____語(yǔ)、____語(yǔ)等。用現(xiàn)在分詞改寫(xiě)，使其充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：Whentheyheardthenews,theygotexcited.WhileIwasdoingmyhomework,Ireceivedamessage.條件狀語(yǔ)：Ifyouworkhard,youwillmakegreatprogress.Ifyouridetoschool,youcanmakeadifferencetoourenvironment.作原因狀語(yǔ)：Becausehelovessmoking,hehardlyhasfriends.Becausemanystudentsareinterestedinscience,theydecidetomakeupasciencegroup.讓步狀語(yǔ)：Althoughtheyweretired,theystillwentonworking.ThoughIhavemanythingsinmonwithothers,Ihavefewfriends.伴隨狀語(yǔ)：Jimmyissittingonthesofaandreadinganewspaper.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ):Thenewmachinewillworkfaster,anditwillreduceourcost.新知過(guò)去分詞我們?cè)谀睦镉眠^(guò)呢？過(guò)去分詞在非謂語(yǔ)當(dāng)中有哪些用途呢？(1)過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)典型用法要點(diǎn)精講：過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)，常位于be動(dòng)詞或remain,sound,feel等系動(dòng)詞之后；“get+過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)也是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。對(duì)比用法示例現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)，放在系動(dòng)詞之后，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、性質(zhì)或情況，常翻譯為“令人……”。Thepresentwassurprising.Igotsurprised.這個(gè)禮物是令人驚喜的，我被驚訝了。過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，表示“感到……”，主語(yǔ)多為人。Thepupilswillbemoreinterestediftheylearnbythemselves.如果學(xué)生自學(xué)，他們更會(huì)感興趣?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】1.Themoviewasso(move)thatallofuswere(move)totears.2.Pleaseremain(seat);thewinneroftheprizewillbegivensoon.3.Sarah,hurryup.I’mafraidyouwon’thavetimetoget(change)beforetheparty.4.Forthosewithfamilymembersfaraway,thepersonalputerandthephoneareimportanttostay______(connect).5.翻譯：Thoughhewasanewman,hewasusedtothewayoflifehereverysoon.Tomsoundsveryinterestedinthejob,butI'mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.(2)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)典型用法要點(diǎn)精講2：過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),邏輯主語(yǔ)是被修飾的名詞或代詞.單個(gè)分詞常作前置定語(yǔ)，分詞短語(yǔ)多作后置定語(yǔ)；過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的、已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。場(chǎng)合用法示例done1.過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的、已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；2.單個(gè)分詞修飾名詞作前置定語(yǔ)；分詞短語(yǔ)修飾名詞作后置定語(yǔ)。Anumberofroadshavebeenblockedbyfallentrees.許多道路被倒下的樹(shù)堵住了。ManywordsassociatedwithlifeintheWestareSpanish.許多與西方生活有關(guān)的單詞都是西班牙語(yǔ)?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。23.Fromthedates(mark)onthegoldcoin,wedecideditwasmadefivehundredyearsago.24.Canthose/(sit/seat)atthebackoftheclassroomhearme?25.Ateamofscientists______（lead）byaprofessorhasfoundoutthatthemonarchisabletotellthetimeofday.26.Theclub,_________(found)25yearsago,isholdingapartyforpastandpresentmembers.27.Theoldladywassokindthatsheadoptedmany____________(abandon)catsanddogs.翻譯：Theweddingceremonytookplaceinabrightlydecoratedhotelroom.（3）過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)典型用法場(chǎng)合用法示例觀(guān)感使役類(lèi)動(dòng)詞+sb+done1.巧記觀(guān)感使役類(lèi)動(dòng)詞注意讓麥克聽(tīng)聽(tīng)看看這塊表有啥感覺(jué)(notice,let,make,hear,listento,see,watch,have,feel);2.過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示與賓語(yǔ)之間被動(dòng)關(guān)系。Shecouldn'tmakeherselfheardbecauseofthetrafficnoise.由于交通噪音太大，她無(wú)法讓別人聽(tīng)到她的聲音。Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcarwashed.在開(kāi)車(chē)進(jìn)城之前，你必須把車(chē)洗干凈。with+名詞/代詞+done/doing1.過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的、已完成的動(dòng)作；2.對(duì)比：該結(jié)構(gòu)中動(dòng)詞不定式表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在分詞表示一個(gè)主動(dòng)動(dòng)作；Withthecrowdscheering,theydrovetothepalace.

在人群的歡呼聲中，他們驅(qū)車(chē)來(lái)到皇宮。Shehadtowalkhomewithherbikestolen.自行車(chē)被偷，她只好步行回家。【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee(carry)outthenextyear.2.Shereturnedhome,onlytofindthedooropenandanumberofthings(go)3.Theprogramwassoexcitingthatthechildrenkepttheireyes(fix)onthescreen.4.Hegothisbadtooth________(pull)yesterday,forithadcausedhimtoomuchpain.5.WhenIcamein,Ifoundastrangegirl___________(seat)inthecorner.6.Withthefinalexam__________(e),allthestudentsarerevisingtheirlessons.7.He

rushed

into

the

room,

withhis

face

(cover)

with

sweat.8.Withthedifficultproblem_________(solve),hethrewhimselfinthesofainrelief.9.ThenumberofpeopleusinghanfuproductsinChinawillreach6.89million,withtotalsales________(expect)toreach10.16billionyuan.10.WithMr.Smith(teach)themEnglish,theywillbegreatlyimprovednextterminspokenEnglish.(4)“連詞+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成狀語(yǔ)從句省略用法對(duì)比用法示例連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞連接詞+現(xiàn)在分詞，表示與主語(yǔ)之間主動(dòng)關(guān)系。When(shewas)walkingalongtheriverbank,shewassingingapopsong.她沿著河堤邊走邊唱著流行歌曲。連詞+過(guò)去分詞連接詞+過(guò)去分詞表示與主語(yǔ)之間被動(dòng)關(guān)系。If(youare)acceptedforthispost,youwillbeinformedwithinaweek.如果你被接受擔(dān)任這個(gè)職務(wù)，將在一禮拜內(nèi)給你通知?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Hestoodupallofasuddenasif____________(say)tosaysomething.2.Whenfirst____________(introduce)tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.3.Nomatterhowmanytimes(perform),theworksofBeethovenstillattractallpeople.4.When________(pare)cultures,weoftenfocusonthedifferenceswithoutnoticingthesimilarities.5.When_______(ask)forhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.（5）be+過(guò)去分詞+介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)典型用法場(chǎng)合用法示例done1.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ),用作時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、伴隨狀語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)該動(dòng)作與句子主語(yǔ)之間的被動(dòng)關(guān)系；2.“be+過(guò)去分詞+介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞省略。AlthoughhewasLaughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisresearch.盡管被許多人嘲笑，他還是繼續(xù)他的研究。Whenhewaslostinthought,healmostranintoatree.他陷入沉思，差點(diǎn)兒撞到樹(shù)?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】用過(guò)去分詞作非謂語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子Whenhewaslostinhisworldofmusic,hefeltasifhecould“see”thebeautyoftheworldaroundhim._______________________,hefeltasifhecould“see”thebeautyoftheworldaroundhim.Whenhewasmovedbythismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolourforthefirsttime.”_____________________________,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolourforthefirsttime.”Afterhewasinspired,heaskedhisfanstomakevideos._____________________________,heaskedhisfanstomakevideos.IfIamgivenanotherhour,Icanworkoutthisproblem._____________________________,Icanworkoutthisproblem.Becausehewasaffectedbygradualblindnesssoonaftertheperformance,Henrywasstillcapableofwritingpositions.________________________________,Henrywasstillcapableofwritingpositions.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.___________(encourage)bythespeech,themanmadeuptheirmindstotakeupthetask.2.____________(disappoint)bytheresult,thecandidateleftthestagewithtearsinhereyes.3.__________(bite)twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.4.__________(determine)togiveupsmoking,hethrewawayhisremainingcigarettes.5._______(face)withheavyburden,heisthinkingofmovingtoanareawithlowlivingexpenses.【易混對(duì)比】1._________(see)fromthetopofahill,thecitylooksveryattractive.2._________(see)fromthetopofahill,wefindthecityveryattractive.3.Theman__________(call)himselfJohnSmithusedtolivedhere.4.Theman__________(call)JohnSmithusedtolivedhere.5.When_________(heat),icewillchangeintowater.6.When_________(leave)theairport,hewavedtousagain.7.Mostofuswenttoseeherlastweekend,somegirls_________(include).8.Mostofuswenttoseeherlastweekend,_________(include)somegirls.9._______(pare)withtraditionaleducation,onlineeducationhasmanyadvantages.10.__________(pare)yourphonewithmine,Iknowmyphoneisoutofdate.11.Hewassurprisedtoseesomevillagers_________(seat)atthebackoftheclassroom.12.Tohissurprise,hesawsomevillagers_______(seat)themselvesatthebackoftheclassroom.16.__________(follow)byHank,weenteredthediningroom.17.__________(follow)Hank,weenteredthediningroom.18.__________(follow)Hank,andwe'llenterthediningroom.分類(lèi)訓(xùn)練（一）模擬試題1.Hesatonthebench,withoneofhislegs__________(swing)fromsidetoside.2.Withthefinalexam__________(approach),allthestudentsarerevisingtheirlessons.3.Withmyhomework__________(finish),Iwentshoppingwithmymumhappily.4.__________(follow)cheerfulmusic,webegantodance.5.EarthDay,______(fall)on22April,isanannualeventaimingtoraiseenvironmentalprotection.6.__________(be)illforalongtime,heneededtimetorecover.7.Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygot________(sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden.8.Withthegovernment’shelp,people_______(affect)bytheearthquakemovedtonewareas.9.MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself_______(remind)ofhisowndreams.10.Hearingthegoodnews,Ifeltaheavyload(take)offmymind.11.Whenwillyougotothehospitalandhaveyourtooth(examine)?12._______(face)withsomuchtrouble,Chinahassucceededcontrollingthespreadofcovid19.13.Thepoliceremendedthatthe(injure)intheaccident(take)tothehospital.14.Unless_____________(invite)tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.15.Thebridgewasdamagedintheflood,__________(result)inthetrainfallingintotheriver.分類(lèi)訓(xùn)練（二）單句改錯(cuò)下列各句均有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)指出并糾正。1.Ilikeeatingfryingtomatoeswitheggs,andIthoughtitmusttobeeasytocook.2.Withtheboyledtheway,thesoldiersmanagedtowalkthroughtheforest.3.Beingworriedaboutherson’sfuture,themotherissleepingverybadlythesemonths.4.paringwithherachievements,hershortingsareonlysecondary.5.“It'sreallyaniceplace,”Mothersaidasshesatatthetablereserveforcustomers分類(lèi)訓(xùn)練（三）真題1.Itcanhelptobuildamunitywitha____________(share)futureformankind,”hesaid.2.InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation____________(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.3.Thereisadramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,____________(cause)largelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreport.4.Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobee________(educate)abouttheareasbothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthedevelopmentofthelocalareas.5.Butthat’shownatureis—alwaysmakingus(surprise).6.Theymakegreatgifsandyouseethemmanytimes__________(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.7.___________(plete)in1931,theEmpireStateBuilding,thehighestskyscraperuntil1954,inspiredtheimaginationoftheworld.9.FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums,narrowhutongtoroyalpalaces,itishometomorethan3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully______(build)systemofringroads.分類(lèi)通關(guān)（四）過(guò)去分詞助力讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)升格1.實(shí)驗(yàn)室的門(mén)被爆炸震碎，散落一地。_______________________________________________________________________________2.被深埋于塵埃之下的古籍，藏著幾個(gè)世紀(jì)未解的秘密。_______________________________________________________________________________3.被洪水遺棄的村莊，回蕩著被遺忘記憶的私語(yǔ)。_______________________________________________________________________________4.因攀爬而筋疲力盡的她，終于登頂，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)冰面上刻著一幅地圖_______________________________________________________________________________5.從博物館盜走的項(xiàng)鏈，在月光下泛著微光。_______________________________________________________________________________6.被困在塌方隧道中的礦工們努力保持冷靜。_______________________________________________________________________________7.藏在假墻后的畫(huà)作，描繪了一段被歷史遺忘的場(chǎng)景。_______________________________________________________________________________8.被敵人包圍的間諜意識(shí)到，搭檔留下的密碼是他唯一的希望。_______________________________________________________________________________9.被暴風(fēng)雨沖垮的老橋迫使旅行者尋找新路線(xiàn)。_______________________________________________________________________________10.被過(guò)去錯(cuò)誤困擾的Emily，猶豫著是否打開(kāi)那封用紅蠟封好的信。______________________________________________________________________________