中考英語(yǔ)話題復(fù)習(xí)：規(guī)則與風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣

中考話題復(fù)習(xí)一一規(guī)則與風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣（教師版）

?教材鏈接

七年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit4Don'teatinclass.

八年級(jí)上冊(cè)Unit10|fyougototheparty,you'llhaveagreattime.

―"ITeenagersshouldbeallowedto

九年級(jí)Unit7

-------------------------------choosetheirownclothes.

九年級(jí)Unit10You/resupposedtoshakehands.

Changinghowwesayhello

世界各國(guó)問候禮儀大不同

Greetingisoneofthemostimportantaspectsofsocializing.Eachculturehasits

uniquewayofgreetingpeople.However,duringthetimeofthenovelcoronavirus

pneumonia(NCP)outbreak,propergreetingsinmanycountrieshaveexperienced

changes.Let'stakealook.

France

Franceisfamousforitsromanticgreetingmethod.Theytouchothers'cheeks

andmakeakissingsound.Forthem,thisgreetingtellsothers,a\amyourfriend,and

wetrustandcareabouteachother/Theintensityofthatkissdependsonhowclose

youare,whetherintermsoffamilyorfriendship.However,astheNCPhasspreadall

overtheworld,thisgreetingisnowbannedinthecountry.Newspapersarefilled

withadviceonhowtoreplacethefamousFrenchkissonthecheek.Frenchetiquette

（禮儀）expertPhilippeLichtfus,whohasbeenwidelycitedinthemedia,saidsimply

lookingintoaperson'seyescansuffice（足夠）asagreeting.

TheUS

PeopleintheUSgenerallyshakehandswithpeopletheyhavejustmet.The

originsofthehandshakeareuncertain,butmostwouldagreethatitisquiterational

（合理的）asaformofgreeting.Theshakingoftherighthandusedtoindicatethat

thepersonwasnotcarryinganyweapons,offeringafriendlywelcometotheother

person.

Buttoday,thingsaredifferent.AccordingtoChinaDaily,manyAmericanpeople

nowgreeteachotherwiththeirelbows.Withonlyslightcontact,theelbowbump

cannotonlyshowyourrespecttoothers,butalsoeliminatetheneedfortheuse

ofhands.That'sgoodnews,consideringthefactthathandisthemainhubfor

transmittingthevirus.

TheUnitedArabEmirates（UAE）

WhenpeopleintheUAEmeeteachother,theytypicallyrubnosesasaformof

salutation（問候）.AswriterAliAlSaloomexplainedinTheNational,thisgesture”is

linkedwithprideanddignity"sinceArabstouchtheirnosesandforeheadstothe

groundasasignofrespectwhentheypray.Recently,however,thisgreetinghas

cometoahalt（終止）.TheUAEgovernmentsnowencouragetheircitizenstosimply

waveahandtoshowawarmwelcometoothers.

India

MostpeopleinIndiaperformanamaskar（合十禮）asagreeting,whichinvolves

placingone'spalmstogetherwithaslightbow.Iftheyholdtheirhandshigherortake

alowerbow,theyshowmorerespecttoothers.Butsomeyoungpeople'sgreeting

habitshavebeenaffectedbytheirstudyabroadexperiences.Theytendtooffera

handshakeandakisstoday.InMarch,thePrimeMinisterNarendraDamodardas

Modicalledonhispeopletouseonlythenamaskaratthistimetoavoidinfection.

France

Franceisfamousforitsromanticgreetingmethod.Theytouch

others*cheeksandmakeakissingsound.Forthem,thisgreeting

Changingtellsothers.*1amyourfriend,andwetrustandcareabouteach

other?Theintensityofthatkissdependsonhowcloseyouare,

whetherintermsoffamilyorfriendship.However,astheNCP

hasspreadallovertheworld,thisgreetingisnowbannedinthe

country.Newspapersarcfilledwithadviceonhowtoreplacethe

howwefamousFrenchkissonthecheck.

Frenchetiquette（禮儀）ex-

pertPhilippeluchtfus,

whohasbeenwidely

intheme-

sayhellodia,saidsimply

lookingintoa

person'seyes

世界各國(guó)問候禮儀大不同。cansuffice

（足第）a

@@@456津僅閱讀町間5年0greeting.

Greetingisoneofthemostimportantaspectsofso-

cializing.Eachculturehasitsuniquewayofgreetingpeo-

ple.However,duringthetimeofthenovelcoronavirus

pneumonia（NCP）outbreak,propergreetingsinmany

countrieshaveexperiencedchanges.Letstakealook.

鬣繆加敬殍聽報(bào)紙

蕤?密知物工點(diǎn)擊.加

留.找蚓曬文pt見

India

MostpeopleinIndiaperfonnana-

ma/ikar（合十禮）asagreeting,which

involvesplacingonespalmstogether

withaslightbow.Iftheyholdtheir

handshigherortakealowerbow,they

showmorerespecttoothers.Butsome

youngpeople'sgreetinghabitshave

beenaffectedbytheirstudyabroadex-

periences.Theytendtoofferahand-

shakeandakisstoday.InMarch,the

PrimeMinisterNarendraDamodardas

Modicalledonhispeopletouseonly

thenamaskaratthistimetoavoidin-,

fection./

TheUS

TheUnitedArabEmirates（UAE）

PeopleintheUSgenerallyshakehandswithpeo-

pletheyhavejustmetTheoriginsofthehandshakeWhenpeopleintheUAEmeeteachother,theytopicallyrubnoses

areuncertain,butmostwouldagreetliatitisquiteasaformofsalutationAswriterAliAlSaloomexplainedin

rational（合理的｝asaformofgreeting.TheshakingTheNational,thisgesture"islinkedwithprideanddignity“sinceAr-

oftherighthandusedtoindicatethatthepersonabstouchtheirnosesandforeheadstothe

wasnotcarryinganyweapons,offeringafriendlygroundasasignofrespectwhenthey

welcometotheotherperson.pray.Recently,however,thisgreet-

Buttoday,thingsaredifferentAccordingtoChinain?hascometoahalt（線止）.

Daily,manyAmericanpeoplenowgreeteachotherTheUAEgovernmentsnowen-

withtheirelbows,Wilhonlyslightcontact,theel-couragetheircitizenstosimply

bowbumpcanno<onlyshowyourrespecttoothers,waveahandtoshowawarm

butalsoeliminatetheneedfortheuseofhands.welcometoothers.

That'sgoodnews,consideringthefactthathandisTSKNl

themainhubfortransmittingthevirus.

TUCMOHG

ChineseTableManners

中國(guó)餐桌禮儀

MosttablemannersinChinaaresimilartointheWest.Don'tbedeceivedby

whatyoumightseeinalocalrestaurantonthestreets.Chinesemannersdon't

consistofslurpingfooddownasquicklyaspossible,andshoutingloudly!

中國(guó)的大部分餐桌禮儀與西方相似。不要被你在街上看到的當(dāng)?shù)夭宛^的情況

所欺騙。中國(guó)人的禮儀并不包括盡可能快地把食物咽下去和大聲地叫喊。

ConsiderOthers照顧他人

Whenhelpingyourselftothedishes,youshouldtakefoodfirstfromtheplates

infrontofyouratherthanthoseinthemiddleofthetableorinfrontofothers.It's

badmannerstouseyourchopstickstoburrowthroughthefoodand"digfor

treasure"andkeepyoureyesgluedtotheplates.

在幫自己夾菜時(shí)，應(yīng)該先從自己面前的盤子里拿食物，而不是從桌子中間或

別人面前的盤子里拿。用筷子在食物中鉆來(lái)鉆去“挖寶”，眼睛一直盯著盤子，

這是不禮貌的行為。

Whenfindingyourfavoritedish,youshouldnotgobbleitupasquicklyas

possibleorputtheplateinfrontofyourselfandproceedtoeatlikeahorse.You

shouldconsiderothersatthetable.Ifthereisnotmuchleftonaplateandyouwant

tofinishit,youshouldconsultothers.Iftheysaytheydon'twantanymore,then

youcaneatproceed.

當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己喜歡的菜品時(shí)，不應(yīng)盡快狼吞虎咽，也不應(yīng)將盤子放在自己面前，

然后繼續(xù)馬不停蹄地吃。你應(yīng)該考慮到餐桌上的其他人。如果盤子里剩下的東西

不多，而你又想把它吃完，你應(yīng)該征求別人的意見。如果他們說不想再吃了，那

么你可以繼續(xù)吃下去。

Concentrateonthemealandyourcompanions.Watchingtelevision,usingyour

phone,orcarryingonsomeotheractivitywhilehavingamealisconsideredabad

habit.

專注于吃飯和你的同伴。吃飯時(shí)看電視、使用手機(jī)或進(jìn)行其他活動(dòng)被認(rèn)為是

一種壞習(xí)慣。

Youshouldtrytorefillyourbowlwithriceyourselfandtaketheinitiativetofill

thebowlsofelderswithriceandfoodfromthedishes.Ifeldersfillyourbowloradd

foodtoyourbowl,youshouldexpressyourthanks.

你應(yīng)該盡量自己給自己的碗里加飯，主動(dòng)給長(zhǎng)輩的碗里加飯和菜里的食物。

如果長(zhǎng)輩給你的碗里加飯或加菜，你應(yīng)該表示感謝。

Elegance吃相優(yōu)雅

Itisnotgoodmannerstopickuptoomuchfoodatatime.Youshouldbehave

elegantly.Whentakingfood,don'tnudgeorpushagainstyourneighbor.Don'tlet

thefoodsplashorletsouporsaucedripontothetable.

一次拿起太多的食物是不禮貌的。你應(yīng)該表現(xiàn)得很優(yōu)雅。拿取食物時(shí)，不要

推操鄰居。不要讓食物飛濺或讓湯汁、醬汁滴到桌子上。

Wheneating,youshouldcloseyourmouthtochewfoodwellbeforeyou

swallowit,whichisnotonlyarequirementofetiquette,butalsobetterfordigestion.

Youshouldbynomeansopenyourmouthwide,fillitwithlargepiecesoffoodand

eatupgreedily.Don'tputtoomuchfoodintoyourmouthatatimetoavoidleaving

agluttonousimpression.Neithershouldyoustretchyourneck,openyourmouth

wideandextendyourtonguetocatchfoodyouareliftingtoyourmouth.

吃飯時(shí)，應(yīng)先閉上嘴將食物充分咀嚼后再咽下，這不僅是禮儀的要求，也更

有利于消化。絕對(duì)不能大張著嘴，把大塊的食物塞滿嘴里，貪婪地吃起來(lái)。一次

不要往嘴里放太多的食物，以免給人留下貪吃的印象。也不要伸長(zhǎng)脖子，張大嘴

巴，伸出舌頭接住舉到嘴邊的食物。

Whenremovingbonesorotherinediblepartsofthemealfromyourmouth,use

chopsticksorahandtotakethemandputthemonasideplate(orthetable)infront

ofyou,insteadofspittingthemdirectlyontothetableortheground.

從嘴里取出骨頭或其他不可食用的飯菜部分時(shí)，要用筷子或手拿起飯菜，放

在面前的餐盤(或餐桌)上，不要直接吐在桌上或地上。

Ifthereisfoodaroundyourmouth,useatissueoranapkintowipeit,insteadof

lickingitwithyourtongue.Whenchewingfood,don'tmakenoises.

如果嘴邊有食物，用紙巾或餐巾紙擦拭，而不是用舌頭舔。咀嚼食物時(shí)，不

要發(fā)出聲音。

Itisbestnottotalkwithotherswithyourmouthfull.Betemperateinlaughing

lestyouspewyourfoodorthefoodgoesdownyourwindpipeandcauseschoking.If

youneedtotalk,youshouldspeaklittleandquietly.

最好不要滿嘴食物時(shí)和別人說話。笑的時(shí)候要有節(jié)制，以免食物噴出或食物

進(jìn)入氣管引起窒息。如果需要說話，應(yīng)該少說話，悄悄地說話。

Ifyouwanttocoughorsneeze,useyourhandorahandkerchieftocoveryour

mouthandturnaway.Ifyoufindsomethingunpleasantinyourmouthwhenchewing

orphlegminthethroat,youshouldleavethedinnertabletospititout.

如果要咳嗽或打噴嚏，要用手或手帕捂住嘴，轉(zhuǎn)身離開。咀嚼時(shí)若發(fā)現(xiàn)口中

有異物或喉中有痰，應(yīng)離開飯桌將其吐出。

?基礎(chǔ)夯實(shí)

詞匯通關(guān)

購(gòu)物中心shoppingcenter十六歲的青少年sixteen-yeanolds

擔(dān)心...；焦慮....beworriedabout兼職工作part-timejobs

對(duì)...感到興奮beexcitedabout避免接近，遠(yuǎn)離keep…awayfrom

確保makesure回嘴，頂嘴talkback

自己做決定makeone'sowndecision照料；照顧takecareof/lookafter

參加考試takethetest對(duì)...要求嚴(yán)格bestrictwith

擋...的路，妨礙getinthewayof擔(dān)心worryabout

長(zhǎng)大growup結(jié)束endup有機(jī)會(huì)做haveachancetodo

順便訪問，隨便進(jìn)入dropby畢竟；終歸afterall

大動(dòng)肝火，氣憤getmad做出努力makeaneffort

把...擦掉clean…off（飛機(jī)等）起飛takeoff

特地，格外努力gooutofone'sway

使（某人）感到賓至如歸make...feelathome

習(xí)慣于getusedto出席，露面showup

做某事感到輕松自如be/feelcomfortabledoingsth.

期盼，盼望lookforwardto

句型通關(guān)

1.盡管有時(shí)候我很生氣，但是我決不向別人說不好的話來(lái)表達(dá)我的生氣。

ThoughsometimesI'maiwv,Ineversaybadwordstoothersinordertoexpressmy

anger.

2.我們排隊(duì)等待（的行為）是很好的。

It'sgoodtoqueueupwhenwearewaiting.

3.我們必須把垃圾扔進(jìn)垃圾箱里。

Wemustthrowrubbishintorubbishbins.

4.人們對(duì)你的看法取決于你的行為。

People'sopiniononyoudependsonyourmanners.

5.在公共場(chǎng)合,我們應(yīng)該小聲說話。另外，我們應(yīng)該保持微笑。

WeshouldspeakinKlowvoiceinpublic.What'smore,weoughttokeepsmiling.

6.為給別人留下好的印象，我們應(yīng)該先有好的禮儀。

Toleaveagoodimpressiononothers,weshouldhavegoodmannersfirst.

7.為了成為有良好品行的學(xué)生，我們應(yīng)向老人打招呼表達(dá)我們的尊敬。當(dāng)我們

等公交、在超市付錢時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該排隊(duì)。

Tobeastudentwithgoodmanners,weshouldgreettheoldandshowourrespect

forthem.Weshouldqueueupwhilewaitingforthebusandpayinginthe

supermarket.

8.為了成為有良好品行的好學(xué)生，我不應(yīng)該在公共場(chǎng)合大聲說話。當(dāng)別人說話時(shí),

我不應(yīng)該突然打斷，我應(yīng)該一直等到他們的談話結(jié)束。

Tobeastudentwithgoodmanners,Ishouldn'ttalkloudlyinpublic.Whenother

peoplearetalking,Ishouldn'tdisturbthemsuddenly.Ishouldwaitforthemuntil

theirconversationcomestoanend.

?實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練

聽力訓(xùn)練

1.Tomdoesn'tknowhowtouseverywell.

A.forksB.knivesC.chopsticks

2.It'spolitetowhenyouareeatingnoodlesinJapan.

A.makeanoiseB.keepquietC.laugh

3.It'stostickyourchopsticksintoyourfood.

A.politeB.rudeC.foolish

4.Youwithyourchopsticks.

A.shouldn'tpointatanyone

B.shouldpointatanyone

C.shouldtaponyourbowl

5.Thechildrenaren'tallowedtowhentheyareeatingdinnerinJapan.

A.makeanoiseB.listentomusicC.speak

【答案】CABAC

聽力原文

W:YoumustbeexcitedaboutleavingforJapantomorrow,Tom!

M:Yeah,Iam.ButI'malittlenervous,too.

W:Nervousaboutwhat?

M:Well,foronething,Idon'tknowhowtousechopsticksverywell...andIdon't

knowhowtobehaveatthedinnertable.

W:Oh,Isee.IcouldgiveyousomeadviceonJapanesetablemannersifyou'dlike.

M:Really?Thatwouldbegreat!

W:Letmesee.Onedifferenceisthatsometimesit'spolitetomakeanoisewhenyou

areeating,especiallywhenyouareeatingnoodles.Itshowsthatyoulikethefood.

M:Really?That'sinteresting,IntheUnitedStatesyouarenotsupposedtodothat.

W:Yeah,Iknow.OK,soherearesomechopstickrules:It'srudetostickyour

chopsticksintoyourfood,andyoushouldn'tpointatanyonewithyourchopsticks.

M:Oh,OK,Iwon't.

W:Andalso,thisisn'tabouttablemannersexactly,butyoushouldknowthatyou

aren'tsupposedtotalkwhenyouareeatingdinner.Onlyparentsareallowedtotalk

atthedinnertableandchildrenarenotallowedtospeak.

M:Wow!That'sunusual!

寫作訓(xùn)練

近來(lái)，為了進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)學(xué)生在校的管理，許多學(xué)校制定了新的校規(guī)。假如你是

李華，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下面表格的內(nèi)容提示，用英文給你的筆友Mark寫一封信，介紹你校

的新校規(guī),并談?wù)勀銓?duì)新校規(guī)的看法。

作業(yè)按時(shí)完成

手機(jī)禁止進(jìn)課堂

睡眠每天至少9小時(shí)

閱讀一周至少讀一本好書

鍛煉一天1小時(shí)

安全L不打架2…?…（至少補(bǔ)充一點(diǎn)）

你的看法...

寫作要求：

1.內(nèi)容必須包含所給要點(diǎn),并適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；

2.語(yǔ)句通順、語(yǔ)法正確、書寫規(guī)范；

3.文中不能出現(xiàn)考生的真實(shí)姓名、校名和地名；

4.詞數(shù)80左右。開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

DearMark,

How'sitgoing?I'mgladtosharemynewschoolruleswithyou.

優(yōu)秀范文

DearMark,

How'sitgoing?I'mgladtosharemynewschoolruleswithyou.Therearemany

newrulesinourschool.

Asstudents,it'sourdutytofinishourhomeworkontimeeveryday.Wecan't

takephoneswithustoschool.Wehadbettergetenoughsleep,atleast9hoursaday.

Weshoulddevelopreadinghabits.Wemustreadatleastonegoodbookaweek.

Doingexerciseisalsoimportant.Wemustdoexerciseanhouraday.Wemustkeep

safefirst.Don'tfightwitheachother.It'sdangerousforustogoswimmingalone.

We'dbetternotgoswimmingbyourselves.

Ithinktheseschoolrulesaregoodforus.Ihopewestudentsfollowallthe

schoolrules.Whataboutyourschoolrules?Pleasewritesoon.

Yours,

LiHua

完形填空

HaveyoulearnedabouttablemannersinChina?HereIwillintroducesome.

Itisatraditional_1_forChinesepeopletoeatwithchopsticks.Eachperson

attablewillhaveapairofchopsticks,andthereisalsoanextrapair_2_isfor

publicuse.

Youshouldrememberthatyou're_3_tolettheeldersinthefamilysitand

eatfirst.Iftheydon'tstart,everyoneelseshouldn'tstart,either.Andthenyoushould

makea_4_tothem.

Whileeating,itisveryrudetoeatwithaloud_5_.Andyou'dbetternot

speakwhilefoodisstillinyour_6_.Donotonlyeatonedishevenifthatisyour

favorite.

l.A.pointB.orderC.methodD.custom

2.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.when

3.A.allowedB.consideredC.supposedD.invited

4.A.reportB.researchC.bowD.toast

5.A.voiceB.smileC.noiseD.cry

6.A.plateB.mouthC.handD.bowl

7.A.feelB.arriveC.eatD.aim

8.A.realizeB.suggestC.expectD.hope

9.A.HoweverB.ActuallyC.InsteadD.Finally

10.A.honestB.proudC.modestD.serious

【答案】

1-5：DACDC6-10:BADBC

方框中選擇合適的選項(xiàng)補(bǔ)全對(duì)話。（其中有兩項(xiàng)多余）

A.It'sgoodtostayathomeforyou.

B.Afterthemeal,don'tleaveatonce.

C.Couldyougivemeahand?

D.WhatrulesdotheyhaveinAmerica?

E.ButI'mabitnervous.

F.You'resupposedtoleavebeforethemeal.

G.It'simpolitetoarrivelate.

A：YoumustbereallyexcitedaboutleavingforAmericatomorrow,LiPing!

B：Yeah.l.

A：Nervousaboutwhat?

B：Idon'tknowmanyofthecustomsandmannersintheUSA.2.

A：Sure.

B：3.

A：Well,it'simportanttobeontimewhenyou'reinvitedfordinner.4.Americans

expecttheirgueststobeontime.

B：ThenhowlongmayIstaythere?

A：5.Oryouseemtohavecomeonlyforthemeal.Whenyourfriendsseemtobe

gettingtiredandrunningoutofthings,it'stimetoleave.Thenextday,callorwritea

thankyounotetosayhowmuchyouenjoyedtheevening.

【答案】ECDGB

閱讀理解