譯林版英語七下Unit 3 My hometown 第三課時Grammar知識梳理

譯林版英語七下Unit3Myhometown

Unit3Myhometown

Unit3Myhometown

第3課時Grammar

g____________

;目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航

[體育場，運(yùn)動場__________________________

追溯到，始于__________________________

重點(diǎn)2

3店主加__________________________

詞匯4微笑，笑容比__________________________

5三明治幾__________________________

6葉子九__________________________

7飄動，揮手，波浪%％.__________________________

8屋頂幾__________________________

9籠子幾__________________________

]0躺，平臥，位于歷_________________________

1.市中心的一個廣場_______________________________________________

重點(diǎn)2.來自全國各地的人_______________________________________________

詞組3傳統(tǒng)的中國園林_______________________________________________

4鳥巢______________________________________________

5.在北京北部一個現(xiàn)在化體育場

6.北海公園_______________________________________________

知識點(diǎn)睛

冠詞a,an,the的用法

【用法詳解】

一、冠詞的位置

冠詞位于名詞前，對名詞起限制作用，幫助指明名詞的詞義。

DidyouseethephotosItookinNewZealand?你看到我在新西蘭拍的照片了嗎？

Thereisanewhouseatthefootofthehill,nearalake.山腳下有座房子，旁邊還有個湖。

二、冠詞的分類

三、不定冠詞a/an的用法及常用結(jié)構(gòu)

不定冠詞a/an的用法：不定冠詞用在單數(shù)名詞的前面，a用在輔音開頭的詞前面；an用在

元音開頭的詞的前面。

(1)用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，表示“一

Thereisadoglyingontheground.

(2)不定冠詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可表示“一類人或一類物”

Doyouwanttobeadoctorlikeyourfather?

Anelephantismuchstrongerthanaman.

(3)表示“某個”。

Aladyiswaitingforyouatthegate.

(4)表示“每一”，相當(dāng)于everyo

You'dbettertakethemedicineaftermeals,threemealsaday.

(5)用于首次提及的人或事物，不特別指出是哪一個。

Ihaveacat.Itisverycute.

(6)用于sucha/an,quitea/an,halfa/an,whata/an等句式中。如：

Sheissuchanhonestgirlthatshenevertellslies.

Whatanicecake!

(7)用在序數(shù)詞前表示“又一，再一”，相當(dāng)于anothero

Hefailedtwice,buthestillwantedtotryathirdtime.他失敗了兩次，但他還想再試一次。

四、定冠詞the的用法及常用結(jié)構(gòu)

(1)表示特指的人或事物。

ThemanwithaflowerinhishandisJack.

(2)指談話雙方都熟悉的人或事物。

Lookattheblackboard,Lily.

(3)復(fù)述前面提到過的人或事物。

Thereisamanunderthetree.ThemaniscalledRobert.

(4)表示世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物。如：

Theearthtravelsaroundthesun.

(5)在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級的前面以及對特定的兩個人或事物進(jìn)行對比時的比較級前。

Whoisthefirstonetogo?/Ofallthestars,thesunisthenearesttotheearth.

Heistheyoungerofthetwoboys.

(6)常用在西洋樂器名稱的前面。

Hebegantoplaytheviolinattheageof5.

(7)用在江河、海洋、山脈等名稱的前面。

IwanttogototheHimalayaMountains.

(8)用在含有普通名詞的專有名詞的前面。

HeisfromtheUnitedStatesofAmerica.

(9)用在姓氏之前表示一家人。

TheGreensaregoingtoMountEmeinextmonth.

(10)用在表示方位、身體部位的名詞前面。如：

TherewillbestrongwindtothesouthoftheYangtzeRiver.

(11)用于“世紀(jì)”的表達(dá)。

inthe1980s

(12)用于形容詞和分詞前表示一類人。

therich富人thepoor窮人thesick病人thegood好

人五、零冠詞的用法及常用結(jié)構(gòu)

1.零冠詞的用法：

(1)專有名詞和(第一次使用)一些不可數(shù)名詞時前面通常不用。如：

Chinaisaverylargecountry.(中國是個大國)

Manneedsairandwater.

(2)名詞前已有以下限定詞時不用冠詞：this,that,these,those,my(及其他形容詞性物主代詞),

whose,some,no,each,every等。

Mypenismuchmoreexpensivethanyours.

(3)月份、季節(jié)、周日、節(jié)假日(尤其是含有Day的節(jié)日名詞)前一般不用。

HewasbornonMonday,February18,1995.他出生在1995年二月十八日，星期一。

Theyusuallyplanttreesonthehillsinspring.

OnChildren'sDaytheboysoftengetpresentsfromtheirparents.

(4)(第一次使用)復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示人或事物的類別時不用。

Menareclevererthanmonkeys.(人比猴子聰明)

(5)三餐飯前、.球類名詞前一般不加冠詞。

Wehavebreakfastathomeandlunchatschool.

ThechildrenplayfootballonSaturdayafternoons.

(6)與by連用的交通工具前。

bytrain,bycoach,bybus,byplane

【典例講解】

()1.一Couldyoupleasehelpmefetchmyumbrella,theonewithsmallring.

一Yes,ofcourse.

A.aB.anC.theD./

【答案】A

()2.一Hi,Mike.Youlookgreat!Anythinginteresting?

一Yes,Iwatchedexcitingfilm.filmisaboutavisittotheMoon.

A.an;TheB.a;TheC.an;AD.the;The

【答案】A

()3.Mybrotheris11-year-oldboy.

A.aB.anC.theD./

【答案】B

()4.Jerryhadtocatchtheearlybus,sohehadquickbreakfast.

A.theB.aC./D.an

【答案】B

()5.Wewenttorestaurantfordinnerlastnight.nameoftherestaurant

was"GoldDragon”.

A.a;AB.the;TheC.a;TheD.the;A

【答案】c

知識點(diǎn)02方位介詞的用法

【用法詳解】

介詞用法舉例

at表示在某一點(diǎn)，后加較小的地點(diǎn)。如車站、機(jī)atthebusstop,athome,atameeting

場、電影院、大門口；也可以放在表示集體活

動的名詞前。

in表示在物體的內(nèi)部；后也可接較大的地點(diǎn)，inNanjing,inChina,intheworld

如國家、城市等。

on表示在一個平面上。onthefarm,onthewall,onthesecond

floor

over指在……的正上方，表示垂直在上。對應(yīng)詞是Thereisabridgeovertheriver.

undero

above指位置高于……，沒有垂直關(guān)系；也可以表示Helivesfourfloorsaboveme.

溫度的高低。對應(yīng)詞是belowo

below指位置低于……，沒有垂直關(guān)系；也可以表示Thecoatreachesbelowtheknees.

溫度的高低。

under指在……的正下方，表示垂直在下。Therearesomeballsunderthebed.

infrontof在物體外面的前面Therearesometreesinfrontofour

house.

inthefront在物體內(nèi)部的前面Theteacheralwaysstandsinthefront

ofoftheclassroom.

behind在…外部的后面Thereisagirlbehindthetree.

between...在…和…之間Iamstandingbetweenmyfatherand

and...mymother.

along沿著Heistakingawalkalongtheriver.

【典例講解】

()l.MissLiputsomefreshfruitonthedeskusandaskedustohelp.

A.between;herselfB.nextto;herself

C.inthefrontof;ourselvesD.infrontof;ourselves

【答案】D

()2.Thetownliesthecoast,soifsfamousitswonderfulbeaches.

A.in;forB.on;forC.in;asD.on;as

【答案】B

()3.一Whoisreadingthesunoverthere?

-AstudentClassOne.

A.under;inB.over;fromC.on;inD.in;from

【答案】D

()4.Theexpirationdate(保質(zhì)期)isthebottomofthebottle.

A.atB.onC.byD.in

【答案】A

()5.—Whereisthebasketball?

-Ifsthefloor(地板)，thebed.

A.on;onB.on;underC.under;onD.under;under

【答案】B

l.ltisbigenoughfor91000people.

【精講】enough既可以做形容詞，又可以做副詞，意思為：足夠地，充分地，用來修飾

形容詞或副詞，放在形容詞或副詞的后面，用來修飾名詞時，常放在名詞的前面。

Thehallisbigenoughtohold1000people.這個禮堂足夠大，可以容納1000人。

Childreninpoorareasdonothaveenoughmoneytobuybooks.貧窮地區(qū)的孩子們沒有足夠的

錢買書。

1.形容詞/副詞+enoughtodosth：足夠做某事

Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.他足夠大，可以去上學(xué)了。

Igetupearlyenoughtocatchthetrain.我起地足夠早去趕火車。

【典例講解】

()Therestaurantistoholdhundredsofpeoplefortheluxuriousweddingceremony.

Buttheproblemisthatwedon,thavetorentit.

A.bigenough,moneyenoughB.enoughbig,enoughmoney

C.bigenough,enoughmoneyD.enoughbig,moneyenough

【答案】c

【基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)】

—.單項(xiàng)選擇

()l.Doyoulikeplayingviolinorplayingbasketball?

A.the,/B.the,theC./,/D./,the

【答案】A

()2.Afterclass,weoftenplaybasketballforhalfhour.

A.the;aB.the;anC./;aD./;an

【答案】D

()3.Heoftenhas________dinnerwithfriends.Theysometimeshave_______greatdinner.

A./;/B.the;/C.a;aD./;a

【答案】D

()4.UncleGeorgewillgoto________Japanfor________importantmeetingnextmonth.

A.the;aB.the;anC./;aD./;an

【答案】D

()5.一Youcantake________undergroundtothemuseum.

一No,Iwillgothereby________bike.

A./;theB.the;/C.the;theD.a;a

【答案】B

()6.一Whoisthegirl_________pink?

一Oh,SheisKelly.Shesits________me.

A.in,infrontofB.with,besides

C.in,inthefrontofD.with,behind

【答案】A

()7.一Didyouhaveagreattime________thecountryside,Bill?

一Yes,Iclimbedthemountainthere.

A.atB.inC.ofD.with

【答案】B

()8.Thepictureis________thebedanditis________thewall.

A.on;onB.above;aboveC.on;aboveD.above;on

【答案】D

()9.Theywillarrive________Nanjing________themorningofAugust7th.

A.at;inB.in;onC.in;inD.at;on

【答案】B

()lO.Nanjingis________thesouthwestofJiangsuProvince.Beijingis_______the

northwestofNanjing.

A.in;inB.in;toC.to;onD.to;in

【答案】B

【能力拓展】

一、閱讀理解：

A

ReadaboutwhatsomeChinesepeoplesayabouttheirneighbours.

In2021,TyphoonIn-Fahits(襲擊)myvillage.Itrainsforalongtime.Ourneighbourhood

getstogetherandhelpssomefamilies.Aladyhasnothingbutherclothes.Luckily,shewearsmy

mother'ssizeandthenextdayshehasasmallsuitcase(手提箱)fullofclothesandapairof

shoes.

LiMing,fromHebei

Twoyearsago,anoldladyMrs.Huang,neededsomeonetosendhertohospital.Sowe

startedavolunteerprojectinourneighbourhood.Now,“Neighbours.on.wheels“givesahandto

ouroldneighbours,bytakingthemtoseethedoctor.

DongJie,fromJiangsu

MyneighbourMaryisthebest!Iamsurprisedbyhergenerosity.Sheoftengivesvegetables

toherneighbours.Whenmydaughterissmall,shegivesherfreeweeklypianolessonsbecause

sheknowstheyaretooexpensiveforustopay.Shelooksaftermychildrenwhenschoolisover.

ZhaoWenwen,fromShanghai

IrememberwhenmybrothersandIareyoungandliveinasmallneighbourhood.Ihavethe

sweetestmemories(回憶)ofmyneighbours.Wearelikeafamily.Mrs.Wangloves

makingcookies.OnSaturdayafternoonshealwaysgiveshercookiestochildren.Andon

Neighbours5Day,

neighboursgettogetherandeverybodyishappy!

GuHaishan,fromHunan

()1.WhatdoLiMing'sneighboursgivetothepoorlady?

A.Kitchentables.B.Smallsuitcases.

C.Foodanddrinks.D.Clothesandshoes.

()2.Whocangethelpfromthevolunteerproject“Neighbours.on.wheels”?

A.Smallkids.B.Littlebabies.

C.Poorpeople.D.Oldpeople.

()3.WhydoesZhaoWenwenuse“generosity“tointroduceMary?

A.Becausesheisverygoodatplayingthepiano.

B.Becausesheoftengivesahelpinghandtoothers.

C.Becauseshehaslotsoffreetimetodosomethingfun.

D.Becausesheisrichenoughtoshareherfoodwithothers.

()4.Whichofthefollowingcanyoulearnafterreadingthisarticle?

A.VolunteerprojectsareeverywherearoundChina.

B.Richneighboursaremorepopularthanpoorones.

C.Agoodneighbourisbetterthanabrotherfaraway.

D.Peopleinthesameneighbourhoodoftengettogether.

【答案】23.D24.D25.B26.C

B

ChatGPT,asmartAIchatbot（聊天機(jī)器人）tool,haschangedtheeducationworldinthepast

months.AccordingtoaUSsurveyofmorethan1,000students,over89percentofthemhaveused

ChatGPTtohelpwithhomework.

DevelopedbyUScompanyOpenAI,ChatGPTisapowerfultool.Youcanaskittowrite

stories,createrecipes,translatelanguages,andanswerallkindsofquestions.

SomeschoolsintheUS,AustraliaandFrancehavebanned（禁止）theuseofChatGPT.Inthe

US,forexample,NewYorkCitypublicschoolsbannedstudentsandteachersfromusing

ChatGPTonthedistrict9snetworksanddevices.

Themovecomesoutofworriesthatthetoolcouldmakeiteasierforstudentstocheaton

homework.SomealsoworrythatChatGPTcouldbeusedtospreadincorrectinformation.

“Itdoesnotbuildcritical-thinking（批判性思維）andproblem-solvingskills,whichare

necessaryforacademic（學(xué)術(shù)的）andlifelongsuccess,9,saidJennaLyle,thedeputypresssecretary

oftheNewYorkCityDepartmentofEducation.

Besidesbans,teachersaremakingchangestotheirclassestostoptheuseofChatGPT.Some

collegeteachersintheUStrytoincludemorespeakingexamsandhandwrittenpapersinsteadof

typedones.

However,notalleducatorssay"no"toChatGPT.SomeCanadianuniversitiesaredrafting

（起草）policiesonitsuse,forbothstudentsandteachers.Theyhavenoplanstocompletelyban

thetoolsofar.

BhaskarVira,pro-vice-chancellorforeducationattheUniversityofCambridgeintheUK,

saidthatbansonAIsoftwarelikeChatGPTarenotwise.ctWehavetoknowthatAIisatool

peoplewilluse.Whatweneedtodoisadaptourlearning,teachingandexaminations.Thatway,

wecanhaveintegrity（誠信）whilerecognizingtheuseofthetool.”

（）1.HowmanyusesofChatGPTarementionedinParagraph2?

A.3.B.4.C.5.D.6.

（）2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTadisadvantageofChatGPT?

A.Itdoesn'timprovethestudents9skillsinthinkingcriticallyandsolvingproblems.

B.Itwillbemucheasierforstudentstocheatonhomeworkwhileusingit.

C.ItmayspreadincorrectinformationfromtheInternettotherealworld.

D.Itcanhelptotrainstudentstospeakandwritemorethantotype.

（）3.WhatisBhaskarVira'sopiniononChatGPT?

A.Itisnotwiseforpeopletobantheuseofitcompletely.

B.Thesocietywon'thaveintegritywithitsdevelopment.

C.Peopleshouldmakeplansforthecomingproblems.

D.Noteveryonewillusethistoolinthefuture.

)4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adapt“inthelastparagraphmean?

A.修改B.適應(yīng)C.編寫D.調(diào)整

()5.Whichisthebesttitleforthistext?

A.AsmartAIchatbot

B.ChatGPT:agoodstudytool?

C.ChatGPTleadstostormineducation

D.CanstudentsuseAIforhomework?

【答案】41.B42.D43.A44.B45.C

二、六選五

CanadaGeese(鵝)arelargeblueandwhitebirds.Whenautumnarrives,theyhavetofly

southwheretheweatheriswarmer.1Thebirdswilldieiftheystaythere.

Lastspring,BillfindssixteenyoungCanadaGeeseonhisfarm.2Bill

thinks,"Theseyoungbirdswon'tknowwhattodointheautumn.9,