大學英語六級模擬試卷342

大學英語六級模擬試卷342

一、作文（本題共7題，每題7.0分，共7分。）

1、Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteapassageinthetitleof

MyViewsonTeleeducation.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutline

givenbelowinChinese:1.許多人贊成遠程教育，是因為......2.也有人認為遠程教育

效果不明顯。3.你的觀點。

標準答案：MyViewsonTele-educationWiththerapiddevelopmentofscienceand

technology,tele-educationhasspedupinourcountry.Whilemanypeoplespeakhighly

ofitsadvantages,othersseemoredisadvantagesderivingfromit.Theadvocatesoftele-

educationgivetheirargumentsasfollows.Foronething,tele-educationmakesitpossible

forpeopleinremoteareastolearnthesubjectstheyarcinterestedin.Foranother,people

haveawiderrangeofchoicesastoteachersandlessonsthroughtclc-cducation,because

theycanlistentothebestlessonsbythebestteachersinthecountry,orevenintheworld.

Justas"everycoinhasitstwosides",theopponentsbelievethatnotallthepeoplehave

accesstoteleeducationbecausemanyarepoor.Besidesthestudentscannotcontact

teachers,butinterpersonalrelationsareimportanttotheirstudy.Inaddition,studentsmay

easilygiveupbeforetheyfinishthewholecoursewhichishazardoustotheiroverall

understandingofthecorrespondingknowledge.AsfarasIamconcerned,we'dbetter

developtele-educationmorerapidlytobenefitmorestudents.Meanwhile,wecandesign

someprogramstohelpteachersandstudentstocontacteachother.

知識點解析：暫無解析

二、快速閱讀理解(本題共70題，每題7.0分，共70

分。)

HasaRunawayGreenhouseEffectBegun?(Adapted)ByNormDixonUrgentActionfor

GovernmentsInrecentweeks,scientistshavereleasedtwoseparatefindingsthatindicate

theconsequencesofglobalwarmingduetotheemissionof"greenhousegases*'primarily

carbondioxide(CO2)fromtheindustrialburningoffossilfuelsmaybefargreaterthan

previouslyestimated.Thenewfindingsstresstheneedforgovernmentsaroundthe

world,inparticulartheindustrializedFirstWorldcountriesthatareresponsibleformore

than80%ofpastemissionsand75%currently,totakeurgentactiontomassivelyreduce

theworld'sindustrialgreenhousegasemissionsby60-80%.RajendraPachauri,

chairpersonoftheUnitedNations'IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC),

whichpoolstheexpertiseofmorethan2,000oftheworld'sclimatescientists,warnedon

October25thatthegreenhousegasemissionreductiontargetsestablishedinthe1997

Kyotoagreementdonotgofarenoughandfarmoreradicalsolutionsmustbefound.

PachauriwelcomedtheRussianparliament'sOctober22approvaloftheKyoto

agreement,whichwillallowthetreatytocomeintolegalforcedespitetherefusalbythe

world'smajorpolluter,theUnitedStates,tosign.However,"thismustn'tdeceiveusinto

thinkingthattheproblemissolved",PachauritoldReuters（路透社）."Kyotoisnot

enough.Wehavetolookattheproblemafresh."TheKyototreatyaimsforareductionin

greenhousegasemissionsofaround5%of1990levels,farshorto{the6O-8OO/00over

thenext50yearsnecessarytoarrestglobalwarming.CO2AccumulationIncreasingThe

newevidenceonthepaceofglobalwarmingsuggeststhatworldgovernmentsmayhave

evenlesstimetoactthanpreviouslyestimated.TheOctober11BritishGuardian（英國衛(wèi)

報）reportedthatCO2intheatmosphereisatrecordlevelsandincreasingatan

acceleratingrate,whiletheSeptember23editionofSciencerevealedthatglaciersin

westernAntarcticaflowingintotheseaarespeedingup,indicatinganincreasedlevelof

melting.ThescientistswhomakeuptheIPCCestimatethatunlesslevelsofgreenhouse

gasesintheatmospherearcstabilizedbymid-century,Earth'saveragetemperaturewill

risebyupto5.8~Cby2100.AccordingtotheIPCCfigures,ifunchecked,CO2levelsin

theairwillbebetween650and970partspermillion（ppm）.However,theseestimates

maybetooconservative.AccordingtotheOctober11Guardian,measurementsof

averageatmosphericCO2levelsin2002and2003mayconfirmthattherateofCO2

accumulationisnowincreasingatanalarmingrate.ScientistsatHawaii'sMaunaLoa

Observatory（氣象臺）repoiledthataverageCO2levelsincreasedby2.08ppmin2002,to

373.1ppm,andin2003,toanaverageof375.64ppm.Thisisthefirstrecordedexample

oftheaverageCO2leveljumpingmorethan2ppmintwosuccessiveyears.Theaverage

increaseintheCO2leveloverthelastfewdecades,reportstheGuardian,hasbeen1.5

ppm.ThecurrentlevelofCO2isthehighestinatleast420,000years!AssociatedPress

（美聯(lián)社）reportedearlierthisyear,onMarch20,thatscientistsatMaunaLoa

ObservatoryhadrecordedtheCO2levelintheatmospherepeakingatarecordof379

ppm,coinparedto376ppmayearearlierand373ppmin2002.GlobalWarmingThe

increasehasimplieda"runaway"greenhouseeffectalreadyunderway.Previousincreases

ofCO2levelsofabove2ppm-1973,1988,1994and1998一havecoincidedwiththeEl

Nino（厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象）weatherpatterninthePacific.However,thiscannotexplainthe

latestrises.WeatherscientistCharlesKeeling,whobeganmeasuringatmosphericCO2at

MaunaLoain1958,toldtheGuardianthat"itispossiblethatthisismerelyareflection

ofnaturaleventslikepreviouspeaksintherate,butitisalsopossiblethatitisthe

beginningofanaturalprocessunprecedentedintherecord...Therisecouldbea

weakeningoftheEarth'scarbonsinks,associatedwithworldwarming,aspartofa

climatechangefeedbackmechanism.Itiscauseforconcern."PiersForster,senior

researchfellowattheUniversityofReading'sdepartmentofmeteorology,addedthat"if

thisisaratechange..,itwillbeofenormousconcern,becauseitwillimplythatallour

globalwarmingpredictionsfbrthehundredyearsorsowillhavetoberedone1'.Friends

oftheEarth'sScotlandheadDuncanMcLaren,speakingtoAgenceFrancePress（法新社）

onOctober11,demandedactiontoachievethe60-80%reductionsinindustrial

greenhousegasemissionsrequiredwithin30years:"Insteadofjustkeepingourfingers

crossed,thesefindingsshouldsendanurgentremindertogovernmentseverywhereofthe

urgentneedtotacklethegrowingthreatofclimatechange."TheRiseofSeaLevel

PredictionsabouttherateofCO2accumulatingintheatmospheremightnotbetheonly

estimatesthathavetoberevised.BasedontheIPCC'spresentforecasts,globalwarming

triggeredbyuncheckedgreenhousegasemissionswillcauseasealevelriseofbetween

20centimetersandalmost1meterbytheendofthecentury.However,theIPCC's

predictionisbasedonanassumptionthatthepolaricccapswillnotmeltsignificantly.

GlaciersintoOceansHov/ever,accordingtotheSeptember23journalScience,NASA

researchershavefoundthatsixvastglaciersinthewestAntarcticareflowingintothe

AmundsenSeaatarateupto25%fasterthaninthe1970s.ThePineIslandGlacieris

enteringtheoceanatarateofsixmetersadayandasmoreentersthesea,theremainder

speedsupfurther.Glaciologists(冰河學家)toldSciencethatwithinfiveyears,700

squarekilometersofthethickPineIslandGlacieralonewillbefloating(andmelting)in

theocean.AccordingtoEricRignot,aglaciologistatNASA'sJetPropulsionLaboratory

(噴氣推進實驗定)，shouldthesixglacierscompletelymelt,theyalonewillcausethe

world'ssealeveltorisebymorethanameter.Researchersusingice-penetratingradar

alsofoundthattheglaciersareonaverage430metersthickerthanpreviouslythought,

meaningtheyaredumpingconsiderablymorefreshwaterintotheocean.Onereasonwhy

Antarcticglaciersarcenteringtheseaatamuchfasterratcisbecausefloating500-metre

iceshelves,whichsignificantlyslowtheentryoftheglaciersintothesea,havebegunto

collapseandmelt.Antarcticahaswarmedbyanaverage2.5℃sincethe1940s,and

wintertemperatureshavejumpedbyalmost5℃.TheLarsenAiceshelfsuddenly

collapsedin1995.TheWilkinsIceShelfisshrinking.In2002,the3400-squarekilometer

LarsenBshelf-atleast12,000yearsoldandupto70storiesthick-disintegratedinto

theWeddellSeainthespaceofafewmonths.Thebreakofmonstericebergsisnow

common.TedScamhos,anexpertfromtheUniversityofColorado'sNationalSnowand

IceCentre,foundthatafterLarsenB*scollapse,nearbyglaciersbeganenteringtheseaup

toeighttimesfasterthanpreviously.AccordingtoNASA'sRobertThomas,theice

shelvesaremeltingrapidlyandhavebeenthinningattherateof10to15metresayear

sincethe1990s.Therateofthinningtodayisdoublethatinthe1990s,headded.The

LarsenandWilkinsiceshelvesarerelativelyinsignificantinAntarcticterms,buttheir

decreasemayindicatethatsimilarprocessesmaybeunderwayonthemassiveRossand

theFilchncr-Ronnciccshelves."Ice-shclfthinningcouldbehappeningelsewhereinthe

Antarctic,butwejustdon'tknow",ScambostoldScience.TheRossandtheFilchner

Ronneiceshelvespreventthegiganticland-basedWesternAntarcticIceSheetfrom

rapidlyenteringtheoceanandmelting.TheWesternAntarcticIceSheet,thesmallerof

Antarctica'stwovasticesheets,containsanincredible3.2millioncubickilometersof

ice,about10%oftheworldstotaliceenoughtoraisethesealevelsixmeters.(Ifthe

moresecureEasternAntarcticIceSheetmelted,theseawouldrisemorethan60

meters!)Withinthewesternsheetarefiveicestreamsenormousglaciersmorethan50

kilometerswideandonekilometerthick.TheRossIceShelf-floatingicenearlythesize

ofNewSouthWales-andthesimilarlysizedFilchner-RonneIceShelfpreventthem

slidingintotheseawheretheywouldrapidlymelt.TheWestAntarcticIceSheetmay

havemeltedatleastoncebefore,between110,000and130,000yearsago,causingthesea

leveltoriseaboutfivemetershigherthantoday'sIev61.AnarticleintheAugust1995

ScientificAmericanpointedoutthatthefive-meterrisewasfollowedbya10-nictre

decrease—allinthespaceof100orsoyears!TheMay2002editionofSciencereported

thatresearchersfromtheOregonStateUniversity,theUniversityofTorontoandthe

UniversityofDurhaminBritainhadfoundthatamassiveandunusuallyabrupt23-metre

riseinthesealevelabout14,200yearsagowascausedbythepartialcollapseofboth

majoricesheetsinAntarctica.Thesealeveltookjust500yearstoreachthatheight.

2、TheindustrializedFirstWorldcountriesshouldlakethemainresponsibilityforthe

emissionofCO

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：A

知識點解析：本題的內(nèi)容在文章第一個小標題的第二段：“theindustrializedFirst

Worldcountriesthatarcresponsibleformorethan80%ofpastemissionsand

75%currently"o過去第一世界的國家二氧化碳排放量占到總排放量的80%,而當前

也占到了7。％。因此，第一世界的國家應(yīng)該對二氧化碳的排放負主要貢任。選項

與文章大意是一致的。

3、Kyotoagreementisacceptedbymostoftheworld'smajorpollutersofcountries.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：B

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。從文章的第一個小標題的第四段"whichwillallowthetreaty

tocomeintolegalforcedespitetherefusalbytheworld'smajorpolluter,theUnited

States,tosign”可以知道，美國作為最大的污染排放國，拒絕承認京都協(xié)議。選項

與文章矛盾。

4、Aninternationalorganizationshouldbelegallybuilttopreventcountriesfrom

emittinggreenhousegases.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：C

知識點解析：文章說明了禁止排放溫室效應(yīng)氣體的緊迫性，但是整篇文章并沒有提

到要建立合法的國際組織以阻止氣體排放。因此，此判斷與文章無關(guān)。

5、TheOctober11GuardianclaimedthattherateofCO2accumulationwasincreasing

atanalarmingratein2002and200

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：A

知識點解析；見第二個小標題的第三段，“AccordingtotheOctober11Guardian,

measurementsofaverageatmosphericCO2levelsin2002and2003mayconfirmthatthe

rateofCO2accumulationisnowincreasingatanalarmingrate.”鏡報通過數(shù)據(jù)說明了

CO2正在以驚人的速度積累。

6、AccordingtothescientistsitistheemissionofCO(2byhumanbeingsthatcausesthe

increasesofCO2levels.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：B

知識點解析：在Globalwarming這一部分，文章敘述了引起C02水平增加的另一

個可能的原因:"WeatherscientistCharlesKeeling,whobeganmeasuringatmospheric

C02atMaunaLoain1958,toldtheGuardianthat4itispossiblethatthisismerelya

reflectionofnaturaleventslikepreviouspeaksintherate'"。也有可能和以前一樣，這

只是自然作用的一種反映。

7、Theglaciershavebeenenteringoceansatahigherratethanbefore.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：A

知識點解析：歸納題。見最后一部分，科學家們的發(fā)現(xiàn)都表明冰川正在以更快的速

度進入海洋。

8、AccordingtothescientistsatHawaii'sMaunaLoaObservatory,theaverageC02

levelsincreasedbyin200

標準答案:2.54ppm

知識點解析：ScientistsatHawaii'sMaunaLoaObservatoryreportedthataverageC02

levelsincreasedby2.08ppmin2002,to373.1ppm,andin2003,toanaverageof

375.64ppm.因此，2003年C02水平增加I了375.64-373.1=2.54(ppm)。

9、Thesealevelriseismainlycausedbytriggeredbyuncheckedgreenhousegas

emissions.

標準答案：globalwarming

知識點解析：見TheRiseofSeaLevel這一部分?！癇asedontheIPCC'spresent

forecasts,globalwarmingtriggeredbyuncheckedgreenhousegasemissionswillcause

asealevelriseofbetween20centimetersandalmostImeterbytheendofthe

century.”

10、ThePineIslandGlacierisenteringtheoceanatarateof.

標準答案：sixmetersaday

知識點解析：見文章的最后一部分的第一段，在9月23號的《科學》雜志匕國

家航空和宇宙航行局提供了PineIslandGlacier陷入到海洋的速度是每天6米的信

息。

11、Glaciersaremuchthickerthanpreviouslythought,whichmeansintothe

ocean.

標準答案：theyaredumpingconsiderablymorefreshwaler

知識點解析：在文章的最后一部分：“Researchersusingice-penetratingradaralso

foundthattheglaciersareonaverage430metersthickerthanpreviouslythought,

meaningtheyaredumpingconsiderablymorefreshwaterintotheocean.”;水山要比以

前估計的厚430米，這意味著會有更多的淡水注入海洋。

三、聽力短對話（本題共8題，每題1.0分，共8分。）

12、

A、Theydon'thaveroomforanymorevolunteers.

B、Hehopesthestorywillraisemoneyforthenewspaper.

C>Morepeopleneedtogetinvolvedinthecampaign.

D、Voterregistrationiscontroversialoncampus.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

13、

A、Nothing.

B、Tocheckoutbooksfromthelibrary.

C、Toseeamovieandwriteaparagraph.

D、Toreadthenextchapterinthetextbook.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

14、

A^JohnshouldnottalktoBillanymore.

B、JohnshouldtakeBilTsremarksseriously.

C、JohnshouldtellBillnottothinknegatively.

D、JohnshouldpaylittleattentiontowhatBillsays.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

15、

A、Trytooperatetheprogram.

B、Waitforthemanual.

C>Askthewomanaboutaniceplacetogorunning.

D、Placeanorderfromthemenu.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

16、

A、Takeataxi.

B>Seetheshowsomeothernight.

C^Getthereonhorse.

D^Walktothetheatre.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

17、

A、Hehassomeworktodo.

B、Thewomanisgoingiodothat.

C、Hisbossiscomingtoseehim.

D、Hedoesn'tfeellikeeatinganybreadtoday.

標準答案：A-'

知識點解析：暫無解析

18、

A、Bycar.

B、Byplane.

C、Bytrain.

D、Bybus.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

19、

A、Makeaphonecall.

B、Goonabusinesstour.

C>Readabook.

D^Rentanoffice.

標準答案：C

知識點解哲無解析

四、聽力長對話（含3小題）（本題共3題，每題上0

分，共3分。）

20、

A、TheTVprogram.

B、TheappearanceofElizabeth.

C>Theman'sheadache.

D、Themid-termexamination.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

21、

A^Hehasnothingtodoatthattime.

B、Hejustwantstohaveabreak.

C、Hedoesn'thavemathstuff.

D、Hegetsahundredonthelasttest.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

22、

A、lostudytogether.

B、TogotoElizabeth'sroom.

C^TocallElizabeth.

D、TowatchTVtogether.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

五、聽力長對話（含4小題）（本題共4題，每題1.0

分，共4分。）

23、

A、Hertakingimpropersleepingmedications.

B、Herhavingunusualstresslately.

C^Herhavingapoordigestion.

D、Herhavinginsufficientphysicalactivities.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

24、

A、goingregularlytoagym.

B、takingtherightmedicine.

C、keepingaclosewatchonherweight.

D、takingwalkingregularly.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

25、

A、Thewomanshouldgoinforvigorousexercisetoloseextraweight.

B、Thewomanshouldsignupatagymtoimprovesleeping.

C、Thewomanshouldgetmoreexerciseandahealthydiettoeasehercomplaints.

D、Thewomanshoulddealwiththeunusualstressinherlifeonherown.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

26、

A、Thepatienthasnostressinherlife.

B、Thepatientsuffersfromstressinherwork,lifeandfinances.

C、Thepatientisverybusyanddoesnothaveenoughtimeforsleep.

D、Thebiggestproblemwiththepatientishertackofphysicalexercise.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

六、聽力短文（含3小題）（本題共6題，每題1.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A、Manystudentstrytostudythewholenightbeforeanexam.

B、Sleepmayimprovememory.

C>Examsmayharmmemory.

D、Sleepcanimprovelisteningability.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：信息明示題。文章第一段指出，Thestudiesfoundthatagoodnight's

sleepmayimprovememory.由此可知，B正確。

28、

A^Sleepcanstrengthenmemories.

B、Sleepcanrecovermemories.

C^Sleepcanprotectmemoriesagainstinterference.

D、Sleepcanharmmemories.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：信息明示題。文章第三段指出，ProfessorMargoliash認為唾眠可以增

強記憶力并保護記憶不受干擾，此外睡眠還可以恢復喪失的記憶，故選D。

29、

A、It'ssimilartoplayingnotesonapiano.

B、Itrequiresanight'ssleep.

C、It'ssimilartothewayacomputerstoresinfbnnation.

D、Itrequiresnosleep.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：信息明示題。文章倒數(shù)第二句指出，科學家認為該過程與計算機存儲

信息的方式類似，所以C正確。

30、

A、Two.

Three.

C>Four.

D、Five.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：信息明示題。文章第三段通過問題whatarethespecifictraitsthatwill

helppeopletoclimbtheladderofsuccess?引出了可以助人成功的幾個特質(zhì)，再由卜

面的First...Second...Third...Fourth...可知,文章一共提到了四點,因此C正確。

31、

A、Businesssuccesslakesahighlevelofactivity.

B、Topmanagersaregenerallygiftedatjudgingpeople.

C>Businesssuccesstakestheabilitymcopewithstress.

D、Differentexecutivesmaketheircommunicationscomethroughindifferentways.

標準答案：B'

知識點解析:綜合推斷題。文章第五段指出,Theskillcanbeinstinctual,butinmost

casesit'slearnedthroughhardwork.也就是說，判斷人的能力可能是出于本能，但在

大多數(shù)情況下，都是學習而獲得的，故選B。A、C、D三項可分別根據(jù)第四段、

最后一段和倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容排除。

32、

A、Beunabletobreathe.

B、Beovercomebypressure.

C、Becomespeechless.

D、Bescaredbypressure.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：綜合推斷題。文章最后一段介紹了有助于成功的第四個特質(zhì)，calm

underpressure或graceunderpressure,即面對壓力時可以保持冷靜或優(yōu)雅：該段最

后指出，商人如果chokeup,就不會有大的成就，再結(jié)合前文可知，chokeup指的

應(yīng)該就是被壓力擊垮，因此B正確。

七、聽力短文（含4小題）（本題共4題，每題7.0

分,共4分。）

33、

A、WaystocontrolNewYork'spopulation.

B、ThegrowthofNewYork'spopulation.

C、ThestructureofNewYork'spopulation.

D、WaystoincreaseNewYork'spopulation.

標準答案.C

知識點常析：暫無解析

34、

A^Itisabigprobleminthemanagementofthecity.

Itisapushneededtodevelopthecity.

C、Itisacauseofdisintegrationofthecity'ssocialstructure.

D、Itisanobstacletothedevelopmentofthecity.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

35、

A、Asia.

B、Europe.

C、Allovertheworld.

D、LatinAmerica.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

36、

A、Negative.

B、Worried.

C、Indifferent.

D、Positive.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

八、聽力復合式聽寫（本題共〃題，每題7.0分，共

〃分。）

TodayAmericanparentsarefindingthemselvesina[Bl]abouthowtodeal

withteenagedrinking,aserioussocialproblem.Arecentsurveyhas[B2]that

92%ofhighschool【B3】havetriedalcoholatleastonceandtwo-thirdstakea

drinkonceamonth.Alcoholhasresultedinalotofteenagecarcrashes,aswellas

[B4]andmurders.Parentsarewonderingwhytheycan'tkeeptheirchildren

fromdrinking.Nowmanyarebeginningto[B5]thatitisnotthekidsbutthe

parentswhoshouldbeheldresponsiblefortheir[B6]attitudes.Someparents

findthat[B7]attitudesandmethodsareimpracticalandineffective.Theytryto

teachtheirchildrentodrinkresponsibly.Manyparentsbelievethat[B8]

drinkingisasafesolution.[B9].Therefore,hardlinersarcstrivingtoforma

unitedfronttolaydowncommonrolestobestrictlyenforced.Andthemostpopular

methodinsomecommunitiesiswhattheycall"safehomes",whereunsupervisedparties

withalcoholareforbidden.[BIO].butexpertsandeducatorsfearthatsuch

attitudesmightinviteoutrightrebellionfromthechildren.[Bl1].

37、[BI]

標準答案：dilemma

知識點解析：暫無解析

38、[B2]

標準答案：revealed

知識點解析：暫無解析

39、[B3]

標準答案：sen沁r

知識點解析：暫無解析

40、[B4]

標準答案：suicides

知識點解析：暫無解析

41、[B5]

標準答案：conclude

知識點解析：暫無解析

42、[B6]

標準答案：permissive

知識點解析：暫無解析

43、[B7]

標準答案：stern

知識點解析：暫無解析

44、[B8]

標準答案：supervised

知識點解析：暫無解析

45、[B9]

標準答案：However,anincreasingnumberofparentsfearthatthiswillendangertheir

children'ssafety

知識點解析：暫無解析

46、[BIO]

標?ft答案：Thehardlinersthinkthatinthiswaytheirchildrenwilllearnselfcontrol

知識點解析：暫無解析

47、（Bll]

標準答案：Bothsidesagreethatteenagedrinkingcanbedealtwithifnoexcessive

drinkingattitudesareestablishedearly,andsupportedbyschoolauthorities

知識點解析：暫無解析

九、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）（本題共70題，每題1.0

分，共70分。）

Inthelasthalfofthenineteenthcentury"capital"and"labour"wereenlargingand

perfectingtheirrivalorganizationsonmodernlines.Anoldfirmwasreplacedbya

limitedliabilitycompanywithabureaucracy（官撩主義）ofsalariedmanagers.The

changenielthetechnicalrequirenienlsofthenewagebyengagingalargeprofessional

elementandpreventedthedeclineinefficiencythatsocommonlyspoiledthefortunesof

familyfirmsinthesecondandthirdgenerationaftertheenergeticfounders.Itwas

moreoverastepawayfromindividualinitiative,towardscollectivismandmunicipaland

state-ownedbusiness.Therailwaycompanies,thoughstillprivatebusinessmanagedfor

thebenefitofshareholders,wereveryunlikeoldfamilybusiness.Atthesametimethe

greatmunicipalities（大城市）wentintobusinesstosupplylighting,tramsandother

servicestothetaxpayers.Thegrowthofthelimitedliabilitycompanyandmunicipal

businesshadimportantconsequences.Suchlarge,impersonalmanipulationofcapitaland

industrygreatlyincreasedthenumbersandimportanceofshareholdersasaclass,an

elementinnationalliferepresentingirresponsiblewealthdetachedfromthelandandthe

dutiesofthelandowners,andalmostequallydetachedfromtheresponsiblemanagement

ofbusiness.Allthroughthenineteenthcentury,America,Africa,India,Australiaand

partsofEuropewerebeingdevelopedbyBritishcapital,andBritishshareholderswere

thusenrichedbytheworld'smovementtowardsindustrialization.Townslike

BournemouthandEastbornespranguptohouselarge.'Confinable"classeswhohad

retiredontheirincomes,andwhohadnorelationtotherestofthecommunityexceptthat

drawingdividendsandoccasionallyattendingashareholders'meetingtodictatetheir

orderstothemanagement.Ontheotherhand"shareholding"meantleisureandfreedom

whichwasusedbymanyofthelaterVictoriansforthehighestpurposeofagreat

civilization.The"shareholders"assuchhadnoknowledgeofthelives,thoughtsorneeds

oftheworkmenemployedbythecompanyinwhichheheldshares,andhisinfluenceon

therelationsofcapitalandlaborwasnotgood.Thepaidmanageractingforthecompany

wasinmoredirectrelationwiththemenandtheirdemands,butevenhehadseldomthat

familiarpersonalknowledgeoftheworkmenwhichtheemployerhadoftenhadunderthe

morepatriarchalsystemoftheoldfamilybusinessnowpassingaway.Indeedthemere

sizeofoperationsandthenumbersofworkmeninvolvedrenderedsuchpersonalrelations

impossible.Fortunately,however,theincreasingpowerandorganizationofthetrade

unions,atleastinallskilledtrades,enabledtheworkmentomeetonequaltermsthe

managersofthecompanieswhoemployedthem.Thecrueldisciplineofthestrikeand

lockouttaughtthetwopartiestorespecteachother'sstrengthandunderstandthevalueof

fairnegotiation.

48、It'strueofthefamilyfirmsthat.

A、they'werespoiledbytheyoungergenerations

BNtheycouldsupplyadequateservicestothetaxpayers

C、theylackedefficiency

D、theylackedindividualinitiative

標準答案：C

知識點解析：第一段中"Anoldfirmwasreplacedbyalimitedliabilitycompanywitha

bureaucracy（官僚主）ofsalariedmanagers.Thechangemetthetechnicalrequirements

ofthenewagebyengagingalargeprofessionalelementandpreventedthedeclinein

efficiencythatsoc

49、Thegrowthoflimitedliabilitycompaniesresultedin.

A、theseparationofcapitalfrommanagement

BNtheparticipationofshareholdersinmunicipalbusiness

C、theemergenceofcapitalandlaborastwoclasses

D、theownershipofcapitalbymanagers

標準答案：A-

知識點解析：第二段中證明實行l(wèi)imitedliabilitycompany的體制將導致管理屋不接

觸資金。

50、Allofthefollowingaretrueexceptthat.

A、theshareholderswereunawareoftheneedsoftheworkers

theoldfirmownershandabetterunderstandingoftheirworkers

C^thelimitedliabilitycompaniesweretoolargetorunsmoothly

D^thetradeunionsseemedtoplayapositiverole

標準答案：c

知識點露析：文章中沒有提到公司過大而不能順利經(jīng)營。因此不能主觀臆測。

51、Theauthorismostcriticalof.

A、managers

B、landowners

C>familyfilmowners

D、shareholders

標準答案：D

知識點解析：最后一段作者一直在用批判的語氣描寫shareholderso

52、Theshareholdershadnoknowledgeofthefollowingexcept.

A、knowledgeoflife

B、thoughtsorneedsofwork

C、hisinfluenceintherelationshipofthecapitalandlabour

D、personalknowledgeoftheworkmen

標準答案；D

知識點解析：從最后一段的敘述中"The'shareholders'assuchhadnoknowledgeof

thelives,thoughtsorneedsoftheworkmenemployedbythecompanyinwhichheheld

shares,andhisinfluenceontherelationsofcapitalandlaborwasnotgood."我們判斷D

為正確答案。

Oneofthemostfascinatingquestionsabouthumanbehavioriseachpersonisdifferent

fromallothers.Theanswertothisquestionwouldexplaintheaspectofhumannature

calledpersonality.Sometheoriesassumethatinborncharacteristicsdeterminehuman

personality.Manyobservershavehypothesized（假設(shè)）thateachpersonhasadominant

temperament,presentfrombirth,whichinfluenceshisorherbehaviorduringanentire

lifetime.Accordingtooneofthesetheories,peoplecanbeclassifiedintofourbasictypes

zsanguine,choleric,phlegmaticandmelancholic.Eachtypeortemperamentis

characterizedbyauniquesetofpossiblestrengthsandpossibleweaknesses.Sanguine

peoplearedescribedasthemostoutgoingofthefourtemperaments.Theyarewarm,fun-

loving,andlikethecompanyofothers.Becauseofthesestrengths,itissaidthat

sanguinesoftenmakegoodsalesmen,actors,orpublicspeakers.Sanguines,however,

mayhavesomeseriousweaknesses.Theirproblemscomefromtheirlackofdiscipline.

Easilydistracted,theyoftenlacktheconcentrationtocompleteajoborotherpeoplemay

nottrustthem.Cholericpeoplearcquitedifferentfromthec