人教版（2019）選擇性必修 第一冊(cè)Unit 1 People of Achievement單元檢測(cè)卷（含解析）

Unit1PeopleofAchievement—人教版(2019)選擇性必修第一冊(cè)單元檢測(cè)卷(100分)一、語法填空(共10小題，每小題4分)1.TuYouyouisagreatscientistwhomadeimportant________(discover)inthefieldofmedicine.2.The________(apply)ofhisnewmethodledtoasignificantimprovementintheexperiment.3.Itis________(amaze)thathecanspeakfivelanguagesfluently.4.The________(science)spenthiswholeliferesearchingthecausesofthedisease.5.Weshouldlearnfromhis________(devote)tohiswork.6.Her________(wise)andcourageinspiredusalltofacethedifficultiesbravely.7.The________(invent)ofthecomputerhaschangedourlivesgreatly.8.His________(patient)andhardworkfinallypaidoffwhenheachievedhisgoal.9.________(fortune),hewasabletofindasolutiontotheproblemintime.10.The________(conclude)drawnfromtheresearchisveryimportantforourfuturestudy.二、閱讀理解(共4小題，每小題5分)MarieCurieisoneofthemostfamousscientistsinhistory.ShewasborninPolandin1867.Fromayoungage,Marieshowedagreatinterestinscience.However,inthosedays,itwasnoteasyforawomantogetagoodeducationorpursueacareerinscience.Despitethedifficulties,Mariewasdeterminedtostudy.ShemovedtoParistoattendtheSorbonne,whereshemetherfuturehusband,PierreCurie.Together,theyconductedresearchonradioactivesubstances.Theirworkledtothediscoveryoftwonewelements,radiumandpolonium.ThisdiscoverywasahugebreakthroughinthefieldofscienceandearnedthemtheNobelPrizeinPhysicsin1903.Theywerethefirstmarriedcoupletoreceivetheaward.AfterPierre'stragicdeathin1906,Mariecontinuedtheirresearch.ShebecamethefirstwomantoteachattheSorbonne.In1911,shewontheNobelPrizeinChemistryforherfurtherresearchonradium.MarieCuriewasthefirstpersontoreceivetwoNobelPrizesindifferentfields.MarieCurie'sworknotonlyadvancedthefieldofsciencebutalsoinspiredgenerationsofwomen.Sheshowedthatwomencouldsucceedinmale-dominatedfieldswithhardworkanddetermination.Hercontributionstoscienceandsocietyarestillrememberedandcelebratedtoday.11.WhywasitdifficultforMarieCurietostudyscienceinherearlydays?A.Becauseshedidn'thaveenoughmoney.B.Becauseshewasnotinterestedinscienceatfirst.C.Becauseitwashardforwomentogetagoodeducationorcareerinsciencethen.D.Becausetherewerenogoodschoolsforhertoattend.12.WhatdidMarieCurieandPierreCuriediscover?A.Twonewelements,radiumandpolonium.B.Anewwaytotreatdiseases.C.Thesecretofradioactivesubstances.D.Anewkindofcomputer.13.HowmanyNobelPrizesdidMarieCuriewin?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.14.WhatcanwelearnfromMarieCurie'sstory?A.Womencan'tsucceedinscience.B.Hardworkanddeterminationarethekeystosuccess.C.OnlymarriedcouplescanwintheNobelPrize.D.It'seasytowintheNobelPrize.三、七選五(共5小題，每小題5分)Greatachievementsareoftentheresultofhardworkanddetermination.Herearesometipstohelpyouachieveyourgoals.15.________.Setclearandspecificgoals.Withoutcleargoals,youmayfeellostandnotknowwhattodo.Yourgoalsshouldbemeasurableandhaveatimelimit.Forexample,insteadofsaying“Iwanttobebetteratmath,”say“Iwanttoimprovemymathscoreby20pointsinthenextexam.”16.________.Developagrowthmindset.Believethatyourabilitiescanbedevelopedthroughhardworkandlearning.Don'tbeafraidoffailure.Seefailureasanopportunitytolearnandgrow.Whenyoufacechallenges,thinkabouthowyoucanimproveandovercomethem.17.________.Workhardandstayfocused.Successdoesn'tcomeeasily.Youneedtoputinalotofeffort.Setasidededicatedtimeforyourtasksandavoiddistractions.Ifyou'reworkingonaproject,breakitdownintosmallerstepsandworkonthemonebyone.18.________.Learnfromothers.Lookforrolemodelswhohaveachievedwhatyouwanttoachieve.Studytheirstrategiesandlearnfromtheirexperiences.Youcanalsojoinacommunityoragroupoflike-mindedpeople.Discussyourgoalsandshareyourideaswiththem.19.________.Staymotivated.Therewillbetimeswhenyoufeeltiredordiscouraged.Findwaystostaymotivated.Youcansetsmallrewardsforyourselfwhenyoureachcertainmilestones.Also,remindyourselfofwhyyoustartedandwhatyouwanttoachieve.A.Setcleargoals.B.Learnfromfailure.C.Workhardandbefocused.D.Joinacommunity.E.Developagrowthmindset.F.Staymotivated.G.Findrolemodels.四、完形填空(共15小題，每小題1分)ThomasEdisonisawell-knowninventor.Hisinventionshave20________theworld.Whenhewasachild,Edisonwasalwaysfullof21________.Helikedtoaskquestionsandexperimentwithdifferentthings.Oneday,Edisonsawabird22________inthesky.Hewonderedifpeoplecouldflylikebirds.So,hestartedto23________waystomakepeoplefly.Hetriedmanydifferentideas,butnoneofthem24________.However,hedidn'tgiveup.Ashegrewolder,Edison'sinterestin25________continued.Heworkedhardandmademanyinventions.Oneofhismostfamousinventionswasthelightbulb.Beforethelightbulb,peopleusedcandlesoroillampsfor26________.Butthesewerenotveryconvenient.Edisonspentalongtime27________abetterwaytolightupthenight.Hetriedthousandsofmaterialsand28________manytimes.Finally,hefoundtherightmaterialand29________thelightbulb.Edison'ssuccessdidn'tcome30________.Hefacedalotoffailuresandchallenges.Buthealwaysbelievedinhimselfandhis31________.Heoncesaid,“Geniusisonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration.”This32________showshishard-workingspirit.Edison'sinventionshavehadahuge33________onourlives.Westillusemanyofhisinventionstoday.Hisstory34________usthatwithhardworkanddetermination,wecanachievegreatthings.20.A.changedB.builtC.destroyedD.visited21.A.moneyB.energyC.curiosityD.fear22.A.runningB.walkingC.flyingD.swimming23.A.lookafterB.lookforC.lookatD.lookup24.A.workedB.failedC.appearedD.disappeared25.A.artB.musicC.scienceD.sports26.A.heatB.lightC.foodD.water27.A.thinkingaboutB.talkingaboutC.lookingaboutD.caringabout28.A.succeededB.failedC.improvedD.invented29.A.boughtB.soldC.createdD.borrowed30.A.easilyB.quicklyC.slowlyD.quietly31.A.dreamsB.friendsC.familyD.teachers32.A.wordB.sentenceC.bookD.idea33.A.problemB.solutionC.impactD.mistake34.A.teachesB.asksC.tellsD.warns答案以及解析一、語法填空1.答案：discoveries解析：makediscoveries為固定搭配，意為“做出發(fā)現(xiàn)”，此處應(yīng)用discover的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。2.答案：application解析：定冠詞the后接名詞，apply的名詞形式為application，意為“應(yīng)用”。3.答案：amazing解析：Itis+形容詞+that...為固定句型，此處修飾事物，用amaze的形容詞形式amazing，意為“令人驚奇的”。4.答案：scientist解析：根據(jù)語境可知，此處指科學(xué)家，science的名詞形式scientist意為“科學(xué)家”。5.答案：devotion解析：形容詞性物主代詞his后接名詞，devote的名詞形式為devotion，意為“奉獻(xiàn)”。6.答案：wisdom解析：and連接并列成分，此處與courage并列，應(yīng)用wise的名詞形式wisdom，意為“智慧”。7.答案：invention解析：定冠詞the后接名詞，invent的名詞形式為invention，意為“發(fā)明”。8.答案：patience解析：and連接并列成分，此處與hardwork并列，應(yīng)用patient的名詞形式patience，意為“耐心”。9.答案：Fortunately解析：修飾整個(gè)句子，應(yīng)用副詞，fortune的副詞形式為fortunately，意為“幸運(yùn)地”，注意首字母大寫。10.答案：conclusion解析：定冠詞the后接名詞，conclude的名詞形式為conclusion，意為“結(jié)論”。二、閱讀理解11.答案：C解析：根據(jù)文章第一段“However,inthosedays,itwasnoteasyforawomantogetagoodeducationorpursueacareerinscience.”可知，瑪麗·居里早期學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)困難是因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)女性很難獲得良好的教育或在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域發(fā)展事業(yè)，C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗龥]有足夠的錢”、B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗婚_始對(duì)科學(xué)不感興趣”、D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)闆]有好學(xué)校供她就讀”在文中均未提及。12.答案：A解析：從文章第二段“Theirworkledtothediscoveryoftwonewelements,radiumandpolonium.”可知，瑪麗·居里和皮埃爾·居里發(fā)現(xiàn)了鐳和釙兩種新元素，A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“一種治療疾病的新方法”、C選項(xiàng)“放射性物質(zhì)的秘密”、D選項(xiàng)“一種新型計(jì)算機(jī)”均不符合文意。13.答案：B解析：根據(jù)文章第三段“In1903,theywontheNobelPrizeinPhysics...In1911,shewontheNobelPrizeinChemistry”可知，瑪麗·居里獲得了兩次諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，B選項(xiàng)正確。14.答案：B解析：文章講述了瑪麗·居里克服困難取得成功的故事，體現(xiàn)了努力和決心是成功的關(guān)鍵，B選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“女性在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域無法成功”與原文不符；C選項(xiàng)“只有已婚夫婦能獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)”說法太絕對(duì)；D選項(xiàng)“獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)很容易”與事實(shí)不符。三、七選五15.答案：A解析：該段強(qiáng)調(diào)要設(shè)定清晰具體的目標(biāo)，A選項(xiàng)“Setcleargoals.”（設(shè)定明確的目標(biāo)）符合該段主旨。16.答案：E解析：此段圍繞培養(yǎng)成長(zhǎng)型思維展開，E選項(xiàng)“Developagrowthmindset.”（培養(yǎng)成長(zhǎng)型思維）能概括該段內(nèi)容。17.答案：C解析：這段說成功來之不易，需要努力工作并保持專注，C選項(xiàng)“Workhardandbefocused.”（努力工作并保持專注）正確。18.答案：G解析：該段建議向榜樣學(xué)習(xí)，G選項(xiàng)“Findrolemodels.”（尋找榜樣）符合段落主旨。19.答案：F解析：此段主要講要保持動(dòng)力，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Staymotivated.”（保持動(dòng)力）能概括該段內(nèi)容。四、完形填空20.答案：A解析：愛迪生的發(fā)明改變了世界，changed意為“改變”，A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)built“建造”；C選項(xiàng)destroyed“破壞”；D選項(xiàng)visited“參觀”均不符合語境。21.答案：C解析：根據(jù)“Helikedtoaskquestionsandexperimentwithdifferentthings.”可知，愛迪生小時(shí)候充滿好奇心，curiosity意為“好奇心”，C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)money“錢”；B選項(xiàng)energy“能量”；D選項(xiàng)fear“恐懼”均不符合語境。22.答案：C解析：根據(jù)“Hewonderedifpeoplecouldflylikebirds.”可知，他看到鳥在天空飛，flying是fly的現(xiàn)在分詞，意為“飛”，C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)running“跑”；B選項(xiàng)walking“走”；D選項(xiàng)swimming“游泳”均不符合語境。23.答案：B解析：他開始尋找讓人們飛起來的方法，lookfor意為“尋找”，B選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)lookafter“照顧”；C選項(xiàng)lookat“看”；D選項(xiàng)lookup“查閱”均不符合語境。24.答案：A解析：他嘗試了很多想法，但都不起作用，worked在此處意為“起作用”，A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)failed“失敗”，與文意不符；C選項(xiàng)appeared“出現(xiàn)”；D選項(xiàng)disappeared“消失”均不符合語境。25.答案：C解析：愛迪生對(duì)科學(xué)的興趣持續(xù)存在，science意為“科學(xué)”，