2025年中考英語(yǔ)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換變化規(guī)律及練習(xí)

中考英語(yǔ)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換變化規(guī)律及練習(xí)一、名詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)律+例詞n.+-al結(jié)尾education→educationaltradition→traditionalperson→personalpractice→practicalculture→culturalnature→naturalmusic→musicalphysics→physicaln.+-ese結(jié)尾China→ChineseJapan→JapaneseAsia→AsianAmerica→AmericanAustralia-→AustralianBritain→BritishEngland→EnglishSpain→SpanishFrance→Frenchfool→foolishn.+-ern結(jié)尾east→easternwest→westernsouth→southernnorth→northernn.+-en結(jié)尾wood→woodengold→goldenn.+-able結(jié)尾fashion→fashionablevalue→valuablen.+-ous結(jié)尾danger→dangerousfame→famoushumor→humorous特殊energy→energetic二、形容詞變?yōu)楦痹~轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)律例詞一般情況加--lybeautiful→beautifullybright→brightlycareful→carefullyclear→clearlycorrect→correctlydeep→deeplydifferent→differentlyfinal→finallypolite→politelyquick→quicklyquiet→quietlyslow→slowlyrecent→recentlyregular→regularlyusual-usuallywide→widely以le結(jié)尾的變le為lypossible→possiblyprobable→probablyterrible→terriblygentle→gentlycomfortable→comfortablysimple→simply以y結(jié)尾的變y為i加-lyangry→angrilyeasy→easilyhappy→happilyheavy→heavilyhealthy→healthilynoisy→noisily(un)lucky→(un)luckily三、形容詞變?yōu)槊~轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)律例詞加-nessblind→blindnessill→illnesshappy--happinesssad→sadnesssick→sicknesskind→kindness以t結(jié)尾的變t為ceconfident→confidencedifferent→differencepatient→patience特殊deep→depthtrue→truthyoung→youthdifficult→difficultysafe→safetyhigh→height四、動(dòng)詞變?yōu)槊~轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)律例詞v.+-tion結(jié)尾celebrate→celebrationcollect→collectiondonate→donationeducate→educationintroduce→introductioninvite→invitationoperate→operationpollute→pollutionorganize→organizationprotect→protectionsuggest→suggestioncommunicate→communicationcongratulate→congratulationdirect→director→directioninvent→inventor→inventionachieve→achievementagree→agreementv.+-ment結(jié)尾develop→developmenttreat→treatment四、動(dòng)詞變?yōu)槊~轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)律例詞v.+-ing結(jié)尾begin→beginningbuild-+buildingcook→cookingdraw→drawinghike→hikingmeet→meetingpaint→paintingread→readingswim→swimmingskate→skatingwrite→writingski→skiingv.+-er結(jié)尾dance→dancerdesign→designerdrive→driverlead→leaderown→ownerplay→playerreport→reporterrun→runnersing→singerspeak→speakerwork→workerwin→winner特殊choose→choicedecide→decisiondie→deathmarry→marriageserve→servicethink-→thoughtweigh→weight五、動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)律例詞v.+-ful結(jié)尾care→carefulforget→forgetfulhelp→helpfulthank→thankfuluse→usefulwonder→wonderfulv.+-able結(jié)尾enjoy→enjoyableadjust→adjustablecomfort→comfortablesuit→suitablev.+ed/-ing結(jié)尾amaze→amazed→amazingbore→bored→boringexcite→excited→excitingsurprise→surprised→surprisingtire→tired-→tiringscare→scared→scaringfrighten→frightened→frighteninginterest→nterested→interestingrelax→relaxed→relaxingfollow→followed→followingv.+-Ive結(jié)尾act→activecreate→creative前綴a+v.live→alivesleep→asleepwake→awake詞尾變y為i加-edworry→worriedmarry→marriedterrify→terrifiedsatisfy→satisfied特殊die→dead【小試牛刀】第一組1.n.百萬(wàn)________→固定短語(yǔ)：數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的________________2.adj.長(zhǎng)的；長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的；________→比較級(jí)________→最高級(jí)________[拓展]________（形容詞/副詞）修飾名詞________（形容詞/副詞）修飾動(dòng)詞考試時(shí)要分清楚空格處到底要填形容詞還是副詞另外填形容詞和副詞的時(shí)候還要注意_______、________、_______的轉(zhuǎn)換3.vt.預(yù)防，防止；阻止_______固定短語(yǔ)：阻止某人做某事________________4.n.加拿大（北美洲國(guó)家）_______→n.加拿大人_______（復(fù)數(shù)：_________復(fù)數(shù)的所有格_________）[拓展]表示人的可數(shù)名詞除了要注意_________外還要注意_________5.vt.討論；論述，辯論_________→n.討論，議論_________6.n.顧客_______（復(fù)數(shù)：_________復(fù)數(shù)的所有格_________）7.vt.控制；管理；__________→過(guò)去式_______→過(guò)去分詞_______8.adj.順利的；光滑的；__________→adv.平穩(wěn)地，平滑地；順利地，流暢地；__________9.n.害怕；恐懼；__________10.n.一月__________答案：1.million；millionsof2.long；longer；longest形容詞；副詞；反義詞；比較級(jí)；最高級(jí)3.prevent；preventsb.(from)doingsth.4.Canada；Canadian；Canadians；Canadians’復(fù)數(shù)；所有格5.discuss；discussion6.customer；customers；customers’7.control；controlled；controlled8.smooth；smoothly9.fear10.January[鞏固練習(xí)]1.________(million)ofpeoplehavebeenchangedintomindless,walkingbotsbyonepopularmobileapp

–PokemonGo.2.TheShanghai-Kunminghigh-speedraillinewasputintoserviceinDecember.It’sChina’s________(long)east-westhigh-speedrailway.3.Largenumberofdoctorsandnursesdowhattheycando________(prevent)COVID-19spreading.4.Asa

________(Canada),BaiQiuendevotedhimselftohelpingChinese.5.Thequestionisalittledifficult.Let’shavea________(討論)aboutit.6.Whocanmakealistofthe________addressesforme?(顧客)7.Thesetrafficlightsare________bythecentralcomputer.(控制)8.Tobreakthesilence,Itoldajokeandtheconversationwenton________(順利地).9.Piecesofglassandbricksfelldownandwelookedateachotherin________(恐懼).10.TheSpringFestivalusuallycomesin________(一月)orFebruary,peopleinChinagettogethertocelebrateit.11.Thetwo________(Canada)havelivedinChinaforover10years.答案：1.millions2.longest3.toprevent4.Canadian5.discussion6.customers’7.controlled8.smoothly9.fear10.January11.Canadians第二組1.n.剪刀________（復(fù)數(shù)：_________）2.adv.在國(guó)外；到海外________3.adj.完美的________4.adj.困難的；不隨和的；執(zhí)拗的_______→n.困難，困境________（復(fù)數(shù)：_________）[注意]名詞：_________表示難題，難事時(shí)____（可數(shù)/不可數(shù)），表示艱難，辛苦時(shí)____（可數(shù)/不可數(shù)）5.20基數(shù)詞：_________（復(fù)數(shù)：_________）→序數(shù)詞_______[拓展]?？级陶Z(yǔ)：在某人20多歲的時(shí)候：某人的20歲生日：6.n.周，星期_______→adj.每周的；_________7.vt.更喜歡；寧愿；________→過(guò)去式_______→過(guò)去分詞________[拓展](1)寧愿做……而不愿……：____________________________(2)寧愿做……也不愿做……：____________________________8.n.敵人________（復(fù)數(shù)：_________）9.v.（使）分離，分開(kāi)；_________→過(guò)去式_______→過(guò)去分詞________[拓展]分離；把…和…分開(kāi)____________________________10.n.風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；危險(xiǎn)；冒險(xiǎn)_________答案：1.scissor；scissors2.abroad3.perfect4.difficult；difficulty；difficulties；difficulty；可數(shù)；不可數(shù)5.twenty；twenties；twentiethinone’stwenties；one’stwentiethbirthday6.week；weekly7.prefer；preferred；preferred;prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.preferdoingtodoing8.enemy；enemies9.separate；separated；separated；separatefrom10.risk[鞏固練習(xí)]1.Thefathertookapairof________(剪刀)andcutherhair.2.ThesongThisIsChina

(《聽(tīng)好了，這才是中國(guó)！》)hasreceivedwideattentionbothathomeand_______(在國(guó)外).3.ZhangMengxuegotChinaoffthegoldmedalmarkandgavehermumthe_______(完美的)birthdaypresentattheRioGames.4.MaryalwayshasmoredifficultythanLily_______(work)outMathsproblems.5.Onher_______(twenty)birthday,AnniereceivedaniPhone7fromhermotherasapresent.Shewassoexcited.6.The_______(每周的)TVshowReadershostedbyDongQinghasrecentlybecomeahottopicinChina.7.Areportshowsthatpeoplewhokeeppetstakealower_______(風(fēng)險(xiǎn))ofhavingheartdiseasebecausepetsbringthemmuchfun.8.MrYangsaidhe_______(更喜歡)readingpaperbookstoe-booksontheInternet。.9.Whathesaidandwhathedidmadehimsome_______(敵人).10.Jackie’slifehascompletelychangedsincehewas_______(分開(kāi))fromhisfamilytenyearsago.答案：1.scissors2.abroad3.perfect4.working 5.twentieth6.weekly 7.risk 8.preferred 9.enemies 10.separated第三組用括號(hào)中所給詞的正確形式填空。Myfamilyliveonthe_____(five)floorofthetallbuilding.SimonandLindadidn’ttellusthenews.Theywantedtokeepthesecretto____(they).Therearemanyapplesonthetree,butsomeofthemarehard_____(reach).Listen!Thelovelybirdsaresingingnicelyand_____(soft)inthetrees.Rickyhada_____(please)triptoLushanMountainlastspring.Theyhaveinviteda_____(science)togivethemaspeechonspace.Ican’tstandhamburgers.Theymakeme_____(feel)sick.Yesterdaywasthe_____(hot)dayoftheyear.I’mpatient.Idon’tmind_______(wait)forpeople.IfSimon_____(have)timenextweekend,hewillgotothezoo.Tomalwaysdoesgoodthingstoothers,sotheheadteachersspeaks____(high)ofhim.OneofthewayoflearningEnglish______(be)memorizingthewordsofpopsongs.Manypeopledon’tenjoy______(live)inbigcities.Iaminmy______(three)yearinthismiddleschool.Asweallknow,theweatherinsouthwestofChinais_______(dry)thananyothertimeinhistory.What’sthe_____(mean)of“NoParking”?Itisverykindofyou______(help)theoldwoman.Itseemsthatyouhaveafever.Haveyoutaken_____(you)tempertaure?Itis______(notrain)tomorrow,wewillgototheoldpeople’shome.Weoftenseethegirl_______(dance)onthesquare.Peter,afriendof______(my),wenttoCanadaforavisitlastweek.Whichseasondoyoulike______(good),spring,summer,autumnorwinter?Itisimportanttomakeacorrert_______(decide).Wewere_______(deep)movedbythestoryofthekindpeopleintheearthquake.Lastnight,Ifounditdifficullttofall______(sleep)becauseoftheloudnoise.Alargeofnumberof_____(foreign)visitGuizhouprovicetheseyears.Thankgoodness!TheletterIwaslookingforwardto______(reach)meatlast.HainanIslandisoneofthemost______(wonder)placestospendsummer.Thedinnerroommust_____(clean)threetimesaday.Mycousinisusedto_____(study)withhisnewfriendsinAustralia.Thisisoneof______(big)rabbitsintheworld,Heeats12carrods,sixapplesandtwocabbageseveryday.You’dbettertakeamapwithyou,oryoumayget______(lose).Asweknow,ZhangJiajieisfamousforthedifferent________(shape)ofmountains.Davididgoodatdrawingandhe’sgoingtobean_____(art)whenhegrowup.Inordertoprovidebetterservicesforforeignersduringthe2ndYouthOlympicGames,lotsofbusandtaxidriversarebusy_____(learn)English.Ifpeopledon’thavebreakfastinthemorning,theywillfeeltiredandgetangry_______(easy).It’s______(polite)toaskaladyaboutherageinwesterncountries.________(mother)Dayiscoming.Weshouldprepareforit.Look!Theteenagersaremakingcards______(show)lovefortheirmothers.Ifyoutouchthemachine,youmayhurt_____(you).Youcanmakea_______(choose)amongthoseprogrammes.Thelittlegirlcameherebytrainallby_____(she).I’mashygirl.Iprefertostayathomeratherthan______(hang)outwithfriends.Becareful!It’stoo_____(danger)tocrossthestreet.Thereisanintrodutionofwriteratthe______(begin)ofthebook.Timwasseen______(get)outofthesubwayatthestatontheCentreStreet.I’veboughtapresentformyfather’s______(forty)birthday.LastFridayafternoontheyoungman______(hurt)inthetrafficaccidentwhichhappenedonthehighway.Trusthim!Hehasnodifficulty_____(work)outtheproblem.Cleanerscleanthestreeteveryday.Theirworkis_____(true)common.Ourbeautifulclassroom______(clean)everyday.InordertoimproveMary’sself-confidence,herteacheraskedhertolookat_____(she)inamarroreverymorningandsay“I’mthebest”.Hisparentsare______(pride)ofwhathehasdoneforchildrenindisasterarea,.Withthe_______(develop)ofscience,wecanenjoylifebetter.Moreandmorepeoplealloverthecountryareworriedaboutfood_____(safe).Windydoes_____(badly)inP.E.thanme.WhenIlookedintotheroom,IfoundTomhimself______(lie)inbed.---Wouldyoulikesomebananas?----No,thanks.I_____(eat)onealready.Ittookmehalfanhour_____(finish)myEnglishhomeworkyesterday.Whata______(snow)day!Thegroundiscoveredwithwithsnoweverywhere.Theyaretryingtodosomething_____(help)theold.Sallyprefersstayingathometo_____(go)outonSundays.Althoughthesoldierwasverytired,hisonlywishis_____(save)morepeoplefromtheaccident.Nancyistooyoungtolookafter_____(she),Don’tleaveheralone.Recentlythedrought(干旱)isseriousinthe_____(south)partofChina.Todaymoststudentscangotohighschoolforfurther______(educate)inourcountry.Theairinthisroomisnotfresh.Wouldyoumindkeepingthewindows______(open)?Themorecarefullyyoudoyourhomework,the______(few)mistakesyouwillmake,Whatshouldwedotohelpthe_____(home)peopleaftertheearthquake?BythetimeIgotoutside,theschoolbus_____(leave).Thechildrenoftenget______(noise)intheclassroomafterclass.Sometimeshespendshisweekend_______(fish).Several_______(foreign)cametovisitourschoollastweek.Mycomputerdoesn’tworkwell.Ihavetogetit_____(repair)tomorrow.Johnjustgothis______(driver)license.Look!Mrs.Liisthere.Let’sgoandsayhelloto______(she)?Howabout_______(invite)ourEnglishteachertoourparty?OurChineseteacheraskedustoreadabook_____(write)byYuQiuyu.Myunclelivesonthe______(twelve)floorofthebuilding.Youcango_____(cross)thestreerwhenthetrafficlightsturngreen.Canyouseethesign“No_______(Park)!”?Youneedtoexplainyouropinionsquite______(clear)whenhavingadebate.Let’shopethatallourtroubleswill_____(appear)soon.Thelocalpeopleare______(thank)thatthewholenationarehelpingthemrebuildthetown.Itiswell_____(know)thatShenzhenUniversityin2011wasagreatsuccess.Ittakes_____(little)timetogotherebyundergroundthanbybus.Youcan’twatchTVuntilyoufinish_____(do)yourhomework.ThisismysecondtimetocometoShenzhen,soIhavebeentoShenzhen______(two).Itriedmybesttohelpthegirl______(improve)hermaths.Thestudents_______(teach)howtodotheexperimentintheclassatthismoment.Playingtoomanycomputergamesis______(harm)toyou.It’stimedorclass.We’dbettergotoourclassroomas_______(quick)aspossible.Haveyouread______(today)newspaper?Jim’smotheris______(worry)aboutherlittleson.Youmustn’ttouchthemachinesunle