2018-2019學年高中一輪復(fù)習英語北師大版講義必修一Unit1Lifestyles1

Unit1Lifestyles一、單詞表詞匯全查驗——運用多媒體，提問默寫詞匯Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)[第一屏聽寫]1．questionnairen． 問卷；調(diào)查表2．lifestylen. 生活方式3．*shepherdn. 牧羊人4．cartoonn. 卡通片，動畫片5．*couchn. 長沙發(fā)，睡椅6．couchpotato 終日懶散在家的人7．paperworkn. 日常文書工作8．BBC 英國廣播公司＝BritishBroadcastingCorporation[第二屏聽寫]9．*workaholicn． 工作狂10．documentn. 公文，文件11．studion. 演播室；工作室12．socialadj. 社交的；社會的13．minusadj. 零下，負14．dialvt. 撥(號碼)15．presentationn. 表演；展示16．a(chǎn)ccountantn. 會計，會計師[第三屏聽寫]17．tuben． (英)地鐵18．forecastn. 預(yù)報；預(yù)測_19．mini-skirtn. 迷你裙，超短裙20．cigarn. 雪茄煙21．*surveyn. 調(diào)查22．kungfun. (中國)功夫23．cyclevi. 騎自行車24．stylen. 風格，作風Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)[第四屏聽寫]1．mattervi. 要緊，有重大關(guān)系2．partnern. 合作者，搭檔3．peaceful_adj. 平靜的；和平的4．relaxing_adj. 輕松的，放松的5．stressful_adj. 充滿壓力的，緊張的6．suppose_vt. 認為，猜想7．*seriesn. 系列節(jié)目；系列[第五屏聽寫]8．TV_series 電視連續(xù)劇9．talk_show 談話節(jié)目，現(xiàn)場訪談10．*plain_vi. 抱怨；投訴11．switchvt. 轉(zhuǎn)換，轉(zhuǎn)變12．switch_on 把開關(guān)打開，接通13．switch_over 轉(zhuǎn)換頻道，轉(zhuǎn)變14．switch_off 把……關(guān)掉，關(guān)上15．portable_adj. 輕便的，手提(式)的16．remote_adj. 遙遠的[第六屏聽寫]17．remote_control 遙控18．a(chǎn)larmn. 警報，警告器19．a(chǎn)larm_clock 鬧鐘20．go_off (鈴、爆竹等)響21．take_up 占據(jù)22．urgent_adj. 急迫的，緊急的23．midnight_n. 午夜，半夜24．boredadj. 厭煩的，不感興趣的[第七屏聽寫]25．stressn． 壓力26．expertn. 專家27．suffervi. 遭受(痛苦)，感到疼痛28．suffer_from 忍受，遭受29．pressuren. 壓力30．reduce_vt. 減少；降低31．organisevt. 組織32．dietn. 飲食；節(jié)食[第八屏聽寫]33．prefervt. 更喜歡；寧愿34．standvt. 忍耐，忍受35．volunteern. 志愿者36．graduatevi. 畢業(yè)37．basin_n. 臉盆38．challengen. 挑戰(zhàn)39．supportvt.&n. 支持；支撐40．designn.&vt. 設(shè)計[第九屏聽寫]41．a(chǎn)dvertisementn． 廣告42．*solvevt. 解決；解答43．crowded_adj. 擁擠的44．nearbyadj. 附近的adv. 在附近45．otherwiseadv. 否則；另外46．crowd_n. 人群，一伙人47．lungn. 肺[第十屏聽寫]48．sicknessn． 疾病49．distance_n. 距離50．distance_learning 遠程學習51．a(chǎn)t_the_moment 此刻，目前52．over_the_years 數(shù)年間53．classical_adj. 古典的54．formaladj. 正式的，合禮儀的55．be_filled_with_ 充滿著二、單元核心考點初熱身——提供語境，單元考點自測回顧(一)分類識記單詞——用時少·功效高識記單詞寫對Ⅰ.知其意(英譯漢)1.questionnairen．問卷；調(diào)查表2.couchn.長沙發(fā)，睡椅3.paperworkn.日常文書工作4.workaholicn.工作狂5.cartoonn.卡通片，動畫片Ⅱ.寫其形(漢譯英)1.seriesn．系列節(jié)目；系列2.midnightn.午夜，半夜3.expertn.專家4.sicknessn.疾病5.lifestylen．生活方式6.socialadj.社交的；社會的7.solvevt.解決；解答8.presentationn.表演；展示9.surveyn.調(diào)查核心單詞練通1.Itisnotwhatyousaybutwhatyoudothatmatters(要緊)．2.Ican'tbelievemyeyes.Howcanyoustand(忍受)beingtreatedlikethat？3.Weaskedhimtoassistusindesigning(設(shè)計)anewbridge.4.Heswitched(轉(zhuǎn)換)fromabackseattoafrontonesothathecouldseeclearly.5.Manystudentsplain(抱怨)abouttheirtoomuchhomework.Theyalmosthavenotimetorelaxthemselves.6.Myfatheristryingtoreduce(減少)expensesbecausewedon'thavemuchmoney.7.Gettingavisaisn'tassimpleasyoumightsuppose(認為)．8.Thesemeasuresarestronglysupported(支持)byenvironmentalgroups.拓展單詞用活[記全記牢]1.relaxingadj.輕松的，放松的→relaxvt.&vi.放松→relaxedadj.松懈的；放松的2.stressn．壓力→stressfuladj.充滿壓力的，緊張的→pressuren．壓力(同義詞)3.suffervi.遭受(痛苦)，感到疼痛→sufferingn．痛苦，苦難→sufferern．受苦者，受難者；患者4.organisevt.組織→organisationn．組織→organisern．組織者5.advertisementn．廣告→advertisev．做廣告→advertisern．登廣告的人；廣告商6.formaladj.正式的，合禮儀的→informaladj.非正式的7.prefervt.更喜歡；寧愿→preferencen．喜好；偏愛8.volunteern．志愿者vt.&vi.自愿去做→voluntaryadj.自愿的；志愿的9.challengen．挑戰(zhàn)vt.向……挑戰(zhàn)→challengingadj.有挑戰(zhàn)性的[用準用活]1.Idon'twanttoworkunderstressandIameagerforajobthatisn'tstressful.(stress)2.Advertisersaresupposedtobehonestwiththe_advertisements.Ifyouadvertise_yourgoodsinadishonestway,youwillbefinedupto50,000yuan.(advertise)3.Generallyspeaking,wefeelrelaxedwhilelisteningtosomerelaxingmusic.(relax)4.Whentalkingaboutmyson'sreadingpreference,_Ithinkhepreferssciencebooks.(prefer)5.Theorganisersaidaninternationalorganisationofferedmuchmoneytoorganisetheactivity.(organise)6.Nowadayswiththedevelopmentofsociety,manyvolunteersdo_voluntary_workwithoutanypay.(volunteer)7.Inaway,challengesaregoodfordevelopingourstrongcharactersandIlikedoingchallengingwork.(challenge)8.Thepresidentinvitedhimtohisprivatestudyforaninformaltalkbeforeholdingaformalmeeting.(formal)?eq\a\vs4\al(積得多平時多輸入，用時順手出)1.“事”可真多?、賗ncident事件②matter事件，問題③business生意，事情④affair事務(wù)，私事⑤issue問題，事情⑥event事件，大事⑦sportsevent體育賽事2.“增加”“減少”對對碰①增加：rise,increase，accumulate,goup②減少：fall,decrease，decline,godown3．“容忍，忍受”表達種種①bear②tolerate③stand④putupwith4.“支持，擁護”家族①advocatevt.提倡；擁護②backvt.支持③supportvt.支持，幫助④standby/for支持⑤infavourof支持，贊同⑥votefor投票支持(二)語段串記短語——不枯燥·興趣高先寫對再用準第一組1.at_the_moment_此刻，目前2.take_up占據(jù)；開始從事；拿起3.be_filled_with_充滿著4.suffer_from_忍受，遭受5.look_forward_to盼望，期望6.as_a_result_結(jié)果AsfarasI'mconcerned,LiHuaisverybusy①at_the_moment,_andhiswork②takes_upmostofhistime.Inhisopinion,ourlife③is_filled_withchallengesandchancesaredesignedforthosewhoworkhard,sohewouldrather④suffer_frombeinghomesick.第二組1.go_off(爆竹、鈴等)響2._over_the_years數(shù)年間3.switch_on/off/over把開關(guān)打開/關(guān)閉/轉(zhuǎn)換頻道4.play_a_role/part_in在……中起作用5e_up_with追上，趕上；想出，找到6.get_changed換衣服，更衣Tomgetsupandstartstoworkhardeverymorningthemomenthisalarmclock①goes_off.Inhissparetime,heeitherlistenstosoftmusictorelaxhimselfor②switches_ontheTVtowatchnews.However,heseldom③switches_overtowatchTVseries.④Over_the_years,_healsohasspenthissparetimeonthedistancelearning.?eq\a\vs4\al(積得多平時多輸入，用時順手出)1.“結(jié)果”短語種種表達①asaresult②asaresultof③asamatteroffact④inconsequence⑤asaconsequence2.“盼望，期待”短語集匯①hopefor/todo希望/期待(做)②longfor/todo渴望/盼望(做)③lookforwardto盼望，期望④beeagerfor渴望，期待⑤bedyingfor/todo渴望/盼望(做)⑥desiretodo渴望做3.“get＋過去分詞”常考短語大全①getdressed穿好衣服②gethurt受傷③getlost迷路④getarrested被捕⑤getmarried結(jié)婚⑥getpromoted升職(三)仿寫用活句式——造佳句·表達高背原句明句式學仿寫1.Whatkindoflifestylesdoyouthinkthemeninthepictureshave？你認為圖中的這個人有什么樣的生活方式？doyouthink用作插入語。你認為誰是我們班最優(yōu)秀的學生？Who_do_you_thinkisthebeststudentinourclass？2.IalwaystakemyportableTVandIsitonthestonewallwhilethedogwalksroundinacircle.我總是隨身帶著手提電視，坐在石墻上，而小狗圍著我轉(zhuǎn)圈。while引導(dǎo)并列句，表轉(zhuǎn)折對比。起初，我自己做了大部分值日，而其他同學不大關(guān)心班級活動。Atfirst,Ididmostofthedutiesmyselfwhileotherstudentscaredlittleaboutclassactivities.3.Iamalwaysthefirstpersontogettotheoffice.我總是第一個到達辦公室的人。the＋序數(shù)詞＋名詞＋todosth.他經(jīng)常是第一個到教室并且是最后一個離開的學生。Heisoftenthe_first_student_to_get_to_the_classroomandthe_last_one_to_leave.4.Usually,it'ssocrowdedthatIcan'tfindanywheretosit.通常地鐵很擁擠，以至于我找不到坐的地方?！皊o...that...”引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。我們做得如此好，以至于被邀請與我們學校的所有學生分享我們的想法和經(jīng)驗。Wedidso_well_thatwewereinvitedtoshareourideasandexperiencewithallthestudentsinourschool.5.Wedon'thavethesameworkhoursthatofficeworkersinthecityhave.我們和城市里在辦公室工作的人的上班時間不同。thesame...that...“和……一樣”。我們英語老師穿著昨天的那件衣服。OurEnglishteacherwearsthe_same_clothes_thathedidyesterday.考點新組合閱讀微技能ItiswellknownthatTomisoneoftheexcellentstudentsinourschool?.Theschoolhestudiesinisthesameonethathisfatherhaseverstudiedin.Heisasbusyasabee?.Themomenthisalarmclockgoesoffonweekdays,hegetsupandstartstostudy.Lotsofhomeworktakesup?mostofhissparetime,butheneverplainsaboutit.Heworkssohardthathemaysuffer?abadheadache.Wealladmirehimandpreferhimtohaveagoodrestonweekends.Weallbelievethathewillbe________?intoakeyuniversity.1.①句為主從復(fù)合句，it作形式主語，that引導(dǎo)主語從句。2.②句譯為他正忙得不可開交。3.③takeup在本句的含義為占用(時間)。4.改正④處的錯誤在suffer后加from。5.⑤處應(yīng)填__A__。A.admitted B．a(chǎn)ppliedC.amazed D．a(chǎn)ssociated1．plainvi.抱怨；投訴[練牢基點]寫出下列句中plain的含義①Heplainedthathecouldn'tfindajobanywhere.抱怨②IwanttoplainaboutthewashingmachinethatIboughtlastmonth;itstoppedworkingagain.投訴[系統(tǒng)考點](1)plainthat... 抱怨……plain(tosb.)about/ofsth. (向某人)抱怨某事plainagainst/aboutsth. 抱怨/投訴某事(2)plaintn. 抱怨，投訴makeaplaintagainst/about 投訴……[練通重點]單句語法填空③Iamnowwritingtomakeaplaintagainst/abouttheserviceofyourhotel.④Sheoftenplainsabout/ofnotfeelingappreciatedatwork.⑤Thepolicereceivedseveralplaints_(plain)aboutthenoisefromourparty.單句改錯⑥Mrs.Jonesplainedthedoctorthatherbackalwayshurtsherplained后加to2．suffervi.感到疼痛，遭受(痛苦)(1)suffervt.“遭受；蒙受”，后常接pain,loss,defeat,poverty,hunger,punishment,hardship,damage等名詞作賓語(2)suffervi.后常接from，表示“受……折磨；受……之苦；患某種疾病”(3)sufferingn.[U]痛苦；苦難；[pl.]痛苦；苦惱sufferern.患者；受害者[多角練透]單句語法填空①Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughvarietiesofsufferings(suffer)duringthewar.②Shesuffered_from_loneliness,butshehadtolearntolikeitthere.③Thesufferer(suffer)hasdecidedtogiveupsmoking.完成句子④Thereisnodenyingthatourearthis_suffering_severe_damage.不可否認，我們的地球正遭受著嚴重的破壞。3．prefervt.更喜歡，寧愿(1)preferdoing/todosth. 更喜歡做某事prefersth.tosth. 喜歡某物勝過某物prefersb.todosth. 寧愿某人做某事(2)preferdoing...todoing...＝prefertodo...ratherthando...＝woulddo...ratherthando...＝wouldratherdo...thando... 寧愿做……而不愿做……(3)preferencen. 喜愛，偏愛haveapreferencefor... 偏愛……[多角練透]單句語法填空①Somepeoplepreferto_do/doing(do)almosteverythingovertheInternet.②Ishouldpreferyounotto_stay(stay)theretoolong.③Ateachershouldnothaveapreference(prefer)foranyoneofhispupils.④AccordingtoScienceDaily,aboutone-thirdofpeoplearelikelytoprefershoes_to_afuntrip.一句多譯孩子們寧愿騎自行車到鄉(xiāng)下去，也不愿整天待在屋里。⑤Thechildrenpreferred_to_cycle_to_the_countryside_rather_than_stay_indoorsalltheday.(preferto...ratherthan...)⑥Thechildrenpreferred_cycling_to_the_countryside_to_staying_indoorsalltheday.(prefer...to...)⑦Thechildrenwould_cycle_to_the_countryside_rather_than_stay_indoorsalltheday.(would...ratherthan...)⑧Thechildrenwould_rather_cycle_to_the_countryside_than_stay_indoorsalltheday.(wouldrather...than...)[名師指津](1)prefer不用于進行時態(tài)，也不用于被動語態(tài)。(2)prefer相當于likebetter，所以不能說prefermore/better。4．gooff(鈴、爆竹等)響；爆炸；離開；(食物等)變質(zhì)；變差；不再喜歡[一詞多義]寫出下列句中g(shù)ooff的含義①I'vegoneofftea.Pleasegivemesomecoffee.不再喜歡②Theywentofftogetherandleftmesittingthere.離開③Meatgoesoffquicklyinhotweather.(食物等)變質(zhì)④Theguardloosenedthedogswhentheburglaralarmwentoff.鈴響⑤Fireworksweregoingoffalloverthecity.(爆竹等)響[歸納拓展]?goagainst 違背；違反?go_by_ 逝去；過去?go_over 復(fù)習；仔細檢查?go_up 上漲；上升；攀登goafter 追求；設(shè)法獲得go_through 經(jīng)歷；檢查；完成；(法案等)通過[應(yīng)用領(lǐng)悟]①Ifyougoagainstnature,itwillpunishyou.如果你違背了大自然，它就會懲罰你。②(2014·四川高考書面表達)Ourteacherchosemanyimportantexercisesforus,andIwentoverthelanguagepointsatthesametime.我們的老師為我們選了很多重要的習題，同時我復(fù)習語言點。③Theywerealwaysreadytogothroughfireandwaterfortheirmotherland.他們隨時準備為祖國赴湯蹈火。5．takeup拿起；接受；開始從事；繼續(xù)；占用(時間)；占據(jù)(空間)[一詞多義]寫出下列句中takeup的含義①Areyougoingtotakeupthechallengeoflastingawholeweekwithoutarguing？接受②Hetookupthetelephoneandcalledhismother.拿起③Importantpeopledon'toftenhavemuchfreetimeastheirworktakesupalltheirtime.占用(時間)④Letmesumuplastlesson;afterthatwetakeupanewlesson.繼續(xù)⑤Afterheretiredfromoffice,myfathertookuppaintingforawhile,butsoonlostinterest.開始從事[歸納拓展]?takein 吸收；收留；欺騙；領(lǐng)會?take_on_ 雇用；承擔(工作、責任)；呈現(xiàn)?takeoff 去掉；脫掉；起飛；(事業(yè))騰飛?takeover 接管take...for_granted 認為……理所當然[應(yīng)用領(lǐng)悟]①Internetshoppingwillreadytakeoffwhenpeoplemakesurethatitissafe.當人們確信了網(wǎng)購的安全性時，它就已經(jīng)成功了。②Nootherorganizationwasableorwillingtotakeonthejob.沒有任何別的組織有能力或愿意承擔此項工作。③ShedecidedthatIwastheidealpersontotakeoverthejob.她認定我是接手這份工作的最佳人選。6．thesame...that“和……一樣”[教材原句]Wedon'thavethe_sameworkhoursthatofficeworkersinthecityhave.我們和城市里在辦公室工作的人的上班時間不同。本句使用了thesame...that句型，先行詞前有thesame作定語時，引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞只能用that或as。(1)thesame(...)that意為“和……一樣”，定語從句中that所指代的人或物與先行詞是同一個(2)thesame(...)as...意為“和……一樣，和……相似”，定語從句中as所指代的人或物與先行詞是同一類①ThisisthesameiPhone8thatIboughttheotherday.這是我前幾天買的那部蘋果8。(同一個)②Shehasthesamefairhairandblueeyesashermotherhas.她和她母親一樣有著金黃色的頭發(fā)和藍色的眼睛。(同一類)7．so...that...“如此……以至于……”[教材原句]Usually,it'ssocrowdedthatIcan'tfindanywheretosit.通常地鐵很擁擠，以至于我找不到坐的地方。(1)so...that...引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，其結(jié)構(gòu)如下：so＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(adj./adv.＋that從句,adj.＋a/an＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋that從句,many/few＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋that從句,much/little少＋不可數(shù)名詞＋that從句))(2)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)還有：such＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(a/an＋adj.＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋that從句,adj.＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋that從句,adj.＋不可數(shù)名詞＋that從句))①Hewassoresponsibleateacherthatwewerealldeeplymoved.＝Hewassucha_responsible_teacher_thatwewerealldeeplymoved.他是一位如此負責的老師，以至于我們都被深深地感動了。②TheWestLakeisso_beautiful_thatwealllikeit.西湖是如此優(yōu)美以至于我們大家都喜歡它。③Heearnedso_little_money_thathecouldn'tsupporthisfamily.他掙這么少的錢，以至于養(yǎng)不起家。④Hehasmadesuch_great_progress_thattheteachersarepleasedwithhim.他進步很快，老師們對他感到很滿意。[名師指津](1)little既有“少”的意思，又有“小”的意思。當“少”講時后接不可數(shù)名詞，用so修飾；當“小”講時后接可數(shù)名詞，用such修飾。(2)在上述結(jié)構(gòu)中，當so或such位于句首時，主句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。⑤Suchaninterestingbookdoes_he_have_thatweallwanttoreadit.他有一本如此有趣的書，以至于我們都想讀?？键c新組合閱讀微技能ItissaidthatMarywillpete________?thehighschooldesigningpetitionaboutourcity,________(represent)?ourschool.Atthemoment,weallsupposethedesignthatMaryhasdesignedcarefullyisthebestofallthestudentsinourschool.Anditwillmatteralottothedevelopmentofourcity.Wearebelieved?thatsheissuretowin,soweallsupporther.________?，theresultmakesallofusamazed.Sheisaccusedofplagiarizing(剽竊)others'designs.Weallcan'tstandMarydoingsuchathing.1.①處應(yīng)填介詞in。2.②處應(yīng)填非謂語動詞representing。3.③處believed可替換成高級詞匯convinced。4.④處應(yīng)填的詞是__A__。A.However B．SoC.But D．And8．supposev．理解；認為，猜想；假想；設(shè)想(1)supposesb./sth.(tobe)... 認為某人/某事……besupposedtodo 應(yīng)該做besupposedtohavedone 本該做(而未做)(2)suppose/supposing(that)... 假使……；假定……(3)Isupposeso./Isupposenot. 我想是這樣。/我想不是這樣。[多角練透]單句語法填空①Ihaven'tseenitmyself,butit'ssupposedto_be(be)agreatmovie.②You'resupposedto_buy(buy)aticket,butnotmanypeopledo.③Thetrainissupposedto_have_arrived(arrive)anhourago.完成句子④—Willheattendthemeetingtomorrow?—I_suppose_so.——他會參加明天的會議嗎？——我想他會的。⑤Suppose/Supposing_(that)you'vemadesomeprogress,youshouldnotbeproud.假定你有了一些進步，你也不應(yīng)該驕傲自大。[名師指津]suppose/supposing及assuming(that),providing/provided(that),given(that)可以作連詞，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“如果，假如”，表示一種假設(shè)條件。9．designn.&vt.設(shè)計；安排；圖案；意圖；計劃(1)bydesign＝onpurpose 故意地(2)design...as... 打算把……作……用designsb.todo/be... 打算讓某人做某事/成為bedesignedtodosth. 目的是/打算做某事bedesignedfor 為……所設(shè)計(3)designern. 設(shè)計師，設(shè)計者[題點全練]單句語法填空①Herweddingdressismadebyaveryfamousfashiondesigner_(design)．②Alotofpeopleoftenforgetthatoralexamsaredesignedto_test(test)ourmunicativeability.③Hisparentsdesignedhimto_be_(be)adoctorafterhisgraduatingfromShandongUniversity.④Themethodisspecificallydesignedforuseinsmallgroups.⑤Doyouthinkthetrafficaccidentwascausedbyaccidentorbydesign?⑥Thebookisdesignedasareferencemanual.10．mattervi.要緊，重要；有重大關(guān)系n.物質(zhì)；問題；毛病(1)Itdoesn'tmatter. 沒關(guān)系。Itmatters/doesn'tmatter(tosb.)＋主語從句 (對某人來說)……有關(guān)系，重要/沒關(guān)系，不重要(2)amatterof... 一個……的問題asamatteroffact 事實上；實際上tomakemattersworse＝what'sworse更糟糕的是[多角練透]單句語法填空①Itdoesn'tmattertomeifImissmytrain,becausethere'sanotheronelater.②Istheglobalwarmingamatteroflifeanddeathtomankind?完成句子③Igotuplatetoday.To_make_matters_worse/What's_worse,_Imetatrafficjam.我今天起床晚了。更糟糕的是，我還遇到了交通堵塞。④As_a_matter_of_fact,_what_mattersinourlifeisthatweshouldkeepoptimisticnomatterwhathappens.事實上，在我們的生活中重要的是不管發(fā)生什么事我們都應(yīng)該保持樂觀。11．supportvt.&n．支持；支撐(1)supportsb.in(doing)sth. 支持某人(做)某事(2)lend/give/offersupporttosb. 支持某人insupportof...(＝infavourof...) 支持/擁護……with/withoutthesupportof (不)在……的支持下[題點全練]單句語法填空①MyparentsalwayssupportmeinwhatIwanttodo.②WiththesupportoftheChinesegovernment,manypatientsinpoorareascanaffordtogotohospital.③Ourgovernmentofferssupporttothegraduateswhoplantoruntheirownbusinesses.④Severalmembersspokeinsupportofthevolunteersatthemeetingyesterday.12．standvt.忍耐，忍受；承受n．看臺；貨攤；立場[一詞多義]寫出下列句中stand的含義①Theshopwascrowdedwithdisplaystandsandboxes.貨攤②Hisheartwon'tstandthestrainmuchlonger.承受③Hewascriticizedforhistoughstandonimmigration.立場④Hekickedtheballtothestand,whichmadeusangry.看臺⑤Whenhecouldn'tstanditnolonger,heroseabruptlytohisfeet.忍受[系統(tǒng)考點]?can'tstand_doingsth. 不能忍受做某事?standagainst_ 反對；經(jīng)受??；倚著……站著?stand_by 旁觀，支持?standfor 象征，代表stand_out 突出，顯眼，引人注目standup 站立；站起來[應(yīng)用領(lǐng)悟]①InChina,theChineseknotsstandforfriendship,loveandgoodluck.在中國，中國結(jié)代表友誼、愛和好運。②Dorothystandsoutinmymemoryasonewho“bloomed”inherremotearea.多蘿西作為那個在偏遠地區(qū)風華正茂的人，在我的記憶中非常突出。[名師指津]stand作“容忍，忍受”講時，后接動詞-ing形式作賓語，常用于否定句和疑問句中，無進行時態(tài)，也不用于被動語態(tài)。?Ican'tstandbeing_woken(wake)upbythenoiseoutsideatnight.我無法忍受深夜被外面的噪音吵醒。[單元語基落實]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Allhisworkmatessupposehimto_be(be)anexpertinthisfield.2．Having_suffered(suffer)defeatafterdefeat,hebegantolosefaithinhimself.3．Wehaven'tafridgeandthemilkgoesoff_withinadayinhotweather.4．Whendidyoutakeup_Japaneseasasecondforeignlanguage?5．Insupportofhissister,hesoldhisonlyhousetopaytheschoolfee.6．Theplanisdesignedto_reduce(reduce)someofthepany'sdebt.7．Itdoesn'tmattertomewhethertogobyshiporbytrain.It'sboththesametome.8．Mydadprefersmenotto_swim(swim)inthatriverbecauseit'stoodangerous.9．Theboyworked_so_hardthathepassedtheexamforthefirsttime.10．Ifyouhaveaplaint(plain)aboutyourholiday,pleaseinformusinwriting.11．Ican'tstandyoubeing_laughed(laugh)atinpublicforsuchathing.Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Johnplainedthebooksellerthattherewereseveralpagesmissinginthedictionaryplained后加to2．Itistruethatwemaysufferfromfailurefromtimetotime.去掉第一個from3．Ican'tsaywhichwineisbest—it'sthematterofpersonaltaste.the→a4．Supposedwecan'tsolvetheproblem,whatshallwedonext？Supposed→Suppose/Supposing5．Manychildrenprefertoplayinggamesontheputerratherthanplayoutside.playing→play6．Idon'tknowwhethertheydiditbyaccidentorondesign.on→by7．Ifyoustillkeepsilent,Iwilltakeforgrantedthatyouimplyagreement.take后加it8．Tooursurprise,themancameupastrangesuggestionatthemeeting.up后加with9．Asmatteroffact,nobodywantstogiveuptheattractivejob.matter前加a10．Onlywhenthepoolisfilledofwatercanyouturnoffelectricity.of→withⅢ.翻譯句子1．這臺電腦和我前幾天買的那臺電腦屬于同一款。(thesame...as...)This_is_the_same_puter_as_I_bought_the_other_day.2．我摔了那么多跤以至于渾身青一塊紫一塊的。(so...that...)I_have_had_so_many_falls_that_I'm_black_and_blue_all_over.3．他應(yīng)該幫助我們的，但是他沒有。(besupposedto...)He_was_supposed_to_help/have_helped_us,_but_he_didn't.4．幾位專家都表示支持這項計劃。(insupportof)Several_experts_have_spoken_in_support_of_the_plan.5．這項計劃的目的是為長期失業(yè)者提供幫助。(bedesignedtodo...)The_programme_is_designed_to_help_people_who_have_been_out_of_work_for_a_long_time.Ⅳ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換/一句多譯1．Johnissuchalovelyboythatwealllikehimverymuch.→Johnissolovelyaboythatwealllikehimverymuch.2．Iwillsupportyouforeverwheneveritis.①Iwillstandbyyouforeverwheneveritis.②Iwillbeinsupportofyouforeverwheneveritis.3．Theschoolbeingbuiltatpresentissaidtobeintendedforthedisabledchildren.→Theschoolbeingbuiltatpresentissaidto_bedesignedforthedisabledchildren.4．比起乘公共汽車，他更愿意步行回家。①He_prefers_to_walk_home_rather_than_take_a_bus.(prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.)②He_prefers_walking_home_to_taking_a_bus.(preferdoingsth.todoingsth.)③He_would_walk_home_rather_than_take_a_bus.(woulddosth.ratherthandosth.)④He_would_rather_walk_home_than_take_a_bus.(wouldratherdosth.thandosth.)[高考拆組訓練]板塊練(一)閱讀理解組塊訓練——練速度(限時：35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2018·哈爾濱市第六中學第一次模擬)Wearealocalbusinessthathasbeenoperatingfor25yearsandwewouldlovetointroduceyoutothewondersoftheYorkshireDalesunderground.Wewillmeetyouattheparkingplacenearestthecaveanddirectionswillbegivenonbooking.Everyonewillchangeintothecavingkit(裝備)attheroadheadandwalkashortdistancetothecavebeforebeginningyouradventureunderground.Thetripsinvolvewalkinginastreamway,somestooping(俯身)andsomecrawling.Therearesomesimpleclimbs,afewdeeppoolsandawaterfalltodealwithtoo.Youjustneedareasonableamountoffitnessandflexibility(柔韌性)tomovethroughthecaveasthereisbendingandsomeshortcrawlingsections.Minimumageis8yearsold.Wearelicensedtotakechildrenwithoutaparentwiththemifnecessary.Thetripsstartat5：00p．m.andfinishby8：00p．m.Whatwesupply:Cavingsuits,helmets,lights,belts,rainboots,andallsafetyequipment.Whattowear:Eachpersonshouldwearwarmclothingi．e.trousers(NOTjeans),twopairsofsocks,underwear,twolayersofupper-bodywear(e.g.sweatshirt/pulloveretc.),atleastoneofwhichshouldhavefulllengtharms.Atcertaintimesoftheyear,ahat,glovesandascarfarealsoremended.Whattobring:ApletechangeofclothesandatowelasyouwillgetWET,abagforyourwetclothes.Whatwewillneedfromyoubeforetheevent:Acontactnumberforwhenyouareinthearea;thenamesofparticipantsandtheirfeetsizes,approximateheightandbuild(S,M,L,XL,XXL,etc.)．Theageofanyunder18s:Wewillprovideyouwithamedicalformorparentalconsent(同意)formasappropriateonbooking.Charges:Adult￡25.00,Child￡25.00.Othercharges：Bookingisessential.Forfurtherinformationortobook,contact：Tel:01729824455E-mail:info@yorkshiredalesguides.co.ukWeb:yorkshiredalesguides.co.uk語篇解讀：本文介紹了一家旅游公司去約克郡河谷旅行的行程安排、提供的服務(wù)，以及游客需準備的衣服、隨身攜帶的物品等相關(guān)事項。1．Wherewilltheparticipantsinthiseventmeet?A．Attheentranceofthecave.B．Attheparkingplace.C．Attheinformationtable.D．Inthecrawlingarea.解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Wewillmeetyouattheparkingplacenearestthecave...”可知，集合地點是在停車場。故選B項。2．Beforeyoustartthetrip,youareadvisedto________.A．exerciseforacertainperiodoftimeB．bringyourownsafetyequipmentC．bringextraclothestochangeintoD．bringatleasttwoT-shirts解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whattobring:ApletechangeofclothesandatowelasyouwillgetWET,abagforyourwetclothes.”可知，需要多帶一套衣服以便在被淋濕的時候更換。故選C項。3．Teenagersunder18yearsold________.A．shouldbeacpaniedbytheirparentsB．willbechargedlessthanadultsC．musthaveasignedmedicalformorparentalconsentformD．willgoonadifferentroutespeciallypreparedforthem解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theageofanyunder18s:Wewillprovideyouwithamedicalformorparentalconsent(同意)formasappropriateonbooking.”可知，18歲以下的游客需要提供簽字生效的體檢表或家長同意書。故選C項。B(2018·銀川二中高考模擬)AlibabastartedtakingtheleadinChinabyconnectingbigChinesemanufacturers(制造商)withbigbuyersacrosstheworld.Itsbusiness-to-businesssite,Alibabaallowedbusinessestobuyalmosteverything.Alibaba'sadvantagewasn'thardtojudge:size.Alibabaisjustbig,evenbyChinesestandards.Itsmarketattractsabout231millionactivebuyers,8millionsellers,11．3billionordersayear—andAlibabaisjustthemiddleman.Itencouragespeopletouseitsmarkets—notchargingsmallsellersapercentageofthesale.IfyouwantaquicklookintotheinfluenceofAlibabaonChinesedailylife,takemyexperience.ImovedtoBeijingayearagoandquicklygottiredofvisitingsmallstoresacrossthecrowded,pollutedcityof20millionpeopleinsearchofnewelectronics,bathroomfurnishings,andanythingelsemywifewanted.“You'relookingforwhatexactly？Whynottryit？”myChineseteacheraskedmeoneday.Withthat,mywonderfulnewrelationshipwithAlibababegan.Alibaba'soriginalbusiness-to-businessmodelnowissecondtoconsumerbuying.Chineseretail(零售)buyingmakesup80%ofAlibaba'sprofit,andleadingthatgroupisTaobao,with800millionitemsforsaleandthemostunbelievableselectionofthingsyou'llneverfind.TmallisAlibaba'sanotherbigsite,whereyoucanfindbrand-namegoodsfromNiketoUnileveralmostatthelowestprices.WhatIhaveahardtimeexplainingtofriendsandfamilybackintheU．S.ishowChinahasgonebeyondtraditionalshopping—big-boxretailersespecially—infavorofonlinepurchasesonTaobaoandafewothersites.InsmallertownsthanBeijing,Taobaowillbethefirstchoicewhenshoppingonline.IhavealistofsomeofmyrecentpurchasesonTaobaoforasenseofhowwidethemarketplaceis.Almosteverythingarrivedadayortwoafterorderingwithfreeshipping.I'mnotevenabigbuyer,becauseIneedfriendstohelpmesearchtheChinese-languagesite.WhenIwassearchingmypurchasehistoryonmyChineseteacher'siPad,whichhelpsmebuygoods,Ilookedthroughwithgreatdifficultyabout10ofherpurchasesforeveryoneofmine.語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了阿里巴巴對人們的購物產(chǎn)生的巨大影響，它已經(jīng)深入到人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹姆椒矫婷妗?．Alibaba'sadvantagemainlyliesin________.A．itslowpriceB．itsnotchargingsmallsellersC．itsbigsizeD．itsbusiness-to-businessservice解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。由第一段第三、四句“Alibaba'sadvantagewasn'thardtojudge:size.Alibabaisjustbig,evenbyChinesestandards.”可知，阿里巴巴的優(yōu)勢就在于規(guī)模大。故選C項。5．WeknowfromthepassagethatAlibaba________.A．a(chǎn)ctsasabridgebetweenthebuyersandsellersB．chargessmallsellersonitssiteapercentageofthesaleC．sellseverythingyouwantonlineD．hastakentheplaceoftraditionalstores解析：選A推理判斷題。由第一段第一句“...byconnectingbigChinesemanufacturers(制造商)withbigbuyersacrosstheworld.”可知，阿里巴巴的運營模式是將制造商與買家聯(lián)系起來，由此推斷出阿里巴巴起到了橋梁的作用，故選A項。由第一段最后一句“...notchargingsmallsellersapercentageofthesale.”可排除B項；由第一段第二句中的“almosteverything”可排除C項；D項在文中未提及。6．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelast3paragraphs?A．Taobaosellsmillionsofitemswiththelowestprice.B．Alibaba'sprofitmainlyconsistsofChineseretailbuying.C．TmallismorepopularthanTaobao.D．TheauthorcanpurchaseitemsonTaobaowithoutanydifficultynow.解析：選B推理判斷題。由第三段第二句“Chineseretail(零售)buyingmakesup80%ofAlibaba'sprofit...”可知，中國人的零售購買占了阿里巴巴利潤的80%，故選B項。7．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Taobao,thebestchoiceforshoppingonlineinChina.B．Alibabainfluencespeople'sdailypurchaseinChina.C．ShoppingonlinegoesbeyondtraditionalshoppinginChina.D．HowtheauthorlearnstopurchaseonlineinChina.解析：選B主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要論述了阿里巴巴對人們?nèi)粘Ｙ徫锂a(chǎn)生的巨大影響，故選B項。C(2018·日照市校際聯(lián)合檢測)StephenHawkingWarnsHumansMustLeaveEarthSoonProfessorStephenHawkingrecentlycameoutwithaseriouswarningforpeople.WhileattheStarmusFestival,afestivalinTrondheim,Norway,celebratingscience