中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)題型突破題型四閱讀理解市賽課公開課一等獎(jiǎng)省課獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

日照題型四閱讀了解1/2800002/28說明文體裁閱讀了解中說明文(尤其是科技類說明文)，因生詞多、信息量大、難了解，是考生經(jīng)常犯錯(cuò)題目。主旨大意題考生因?yàn)椴粫?huì)把握文章主旨大意，所以經(jīng)常在關(guān)于概括文章主旨大意、作者寫作意圖類題目中觸雷。3/28一、閱讀了解“三步定位法”第一步看題干，定位題干關(guān)鍵詞。先看問題，找出題干中關(guān)鍵詞，猜測(cè)文章大意。第二步讀文章，以詞定位找原文。帶著關(guān)鍵詞快速通讀全文，畫出與題干內(nèi)容相關(guān)詞匯和句子，并在腦海中形成篇章結(jié)構(gòu)圖。4/28第三步回看題，連線解讀定答案。細(xì)讀題干、選項(xiàng)，針對(duì)已畫出原文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行二次定位，精準(zhǔn)連線，鎖定答案。5/28二、詳細(xì)解題技巧1．細(xì)節(jié)了解題多從文章某個(gè)詳細(xì)事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)出發(fā)來設(shè)計(jì)題目，考查對(duì)文章詳細(xì)事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)了解能力，屬于表層了解題范圍，難度較小，但所占百分比最大，普通占總分值60%～85%。6/28常見設(shè)題方式有：用what,where,which,why,who,how等疑問詞進(jìn)行提問；用accordingto...開頭，后接短文詳細(xì)內(nèi)容；用動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)、介賓結(jié)構(gòu)或系表結(jié)構(gòu)等方式設(shè)題；以．..because提問方式設(shè)題等。7/28解答這類題要學(xué)會(huì)以下技巧：(1)假如所提問題是文章中現(xiàn)成內(nèi)容可直接搜尋；(2)細(xì)讀文章第一段或前幾句，注意每段開頭句和結(jié)尾句；(3)重視結(jié)尾段，作者普通會(huì)在結(jié)尾段作出總結(jié)，表示自己觀點(diǎn)。8/28(浙江溫州中考)IgrewupinNewHampshire,asmalltowninSouthCanada,whereinmyfather'swordsfortheseasonswere“Spring,Summer,FairtimeandWinter！”Atthattime,aweek-longfair(集市)washeldinthetowneveryautumn.Thousandsofpeoplefromothertownscametosellandbuythings.Itwasthebusiesttimeoftheyear.9/28·Thousandsofpeoplecametothetownto

atthefair.

A．enjoyGrandma'sfoodB．sellandbuythingsC．learntocookD．haveabigparty10/28【解析】B由本段第三句話可知，數(shù)千人來到小鎮(zhèn)是為了在集市上買賣東西，故選B。11/282．推理判斷題普通來說主要有：對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)推理判斷；對(duì)某個(gè)問題或某一部分觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度推理判斷；對(duì)作者在整篇文章中態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)和寫作意圖推理判斷。常見設(shè)題方式有：12/28(1)Thesentence/paragraph/passageinfersthat...；(2)Wecanlearnfromthesentence/paragraph/passagethat...;(3)Thesentence/paragraph/passageimpliesthat...；(4)Bysaying...,theauthormeans...;(5)Whatcanweinferfromthe...;(6)Attheendofthepassagethewritersuggests...；13/28(7)Fromthesecondexamplewecaninferthat...；(8)Itcanbeconcluded/inferredfromthepassagethat...Oneday,alittleboydecidedtodigaholebehindhishouseafterwatchingascienceprogram.Ashewasworking,acoupleofboysstoppedbytowatch.“Whatareyoudoing？”askedoneofthevisitors.“Iwanttodigadeepholeallthewaythroughtheearth！”theboyansweredexcitedly.Theolderboysbegantolaugh,tellinghimthatitwasimpossibletodoit.Thentheyleft.14/28·Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheolderboysthinkthelittleboyis

．A．silly B．strictC．friendly D．strong-minded15/28【解析】A由本段倒數(shù)第二句可知，那些年紀(jì)大一些男孩嘲笑小男孩，說他不可能完成那件事，由此可推斷，他們以為小男孩很愚蠢，故選A。16/283．詞義猜測(cè)題該題型要求在充分了解文章基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)某單詞或短語進(jìn)行合理猜測(cè)。做題時(shí)可結(jié)合構(gòu)詞法、語法及相關(guān)知識(shí)進(jìn)行猜測(cè)。

17/28Aserioussandstorm(沙塵暴)hashitBeijing,togetherwithfivetosevendegreestrongwind.AgreatyellowdustcloudenvelopedtheChinesecapitallastSunday.·Whatdoes“enveloped”meaninthispassage?A．信封 B．遮蓋C．刮走 D．灰塵18/28【解析】B由前面可知，沙塵暴攻擊了北京，再結(jié)合句法可知envelop在此是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，排除A、D兩項(xiàng)；再結(jié)合生活常識(shí)可判斷，此處envelop表示“遮蓋”之意，故選B。19/284．主旨大意題考查考生對(duì)短文整體了解概括能力。常見提問方式有：(1)Whatisthemainidea/subject/topicofthepassage；(2)Theauthorismainlyconcernedwith...；(3)Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss；(4)Thepassageismainlyabout...；(5)Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainideaofthepassage?20/28解答該類題目時(shí)可注意以下幾點(diǎn)：(1)有標(biāo)題文章，要從標(biāo)題開始閱讀，因?yàn)闃?biāo)題常是文章主題；(2)注意段首和段尾，有些文章會(huì)在段首或段尾給出全文主旨；21/28(3)有些文章中心思想貫通全文，提議最終做這類題目，因?yàn)樽鐾昶渌}目后，自然就會(huì)對(duì)文章主旨有一定把握；(4)留心關(guān)鍵詞，抓住文章主旨，關(guān)鍵詞即文中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)、與主題相關(guān)名詞或動(dòng)詞。

22/28Schoolswillgoelectronic.Computerswillbeimportantandpopularamongthestudents.Everythingwillbeinthecomputerandstudentswillnotneedtobringbookstoschool.TheywillfindinformationontheInternet.Acomputerwillbethestudents'library,schoolbagandconnectiontotheoutsideworld.Therewillberobotteachers.Theywillcheckhomeworkoncomputersandcommunicatewiththestudents'parentsthroughe-mail.23/28·What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A．Schoolswillgoelectronic.B．Computerswillbeimportant.C．Therewillberobotteachers.D．Teacherswillcommunicatewiththestudents'parentsthroughe-mail.24/28【解析】A第一句為中心句，后面是對(duì)其擴(kuò)展和敘述，故選A。25/285．?dāng)?shù)字推算題要求學(xué)生依據(jù)提供數(shù)據(jù)以及內(nèi)在關(guān)系做出簡(jiǎn)單計(jì)算和推斷。

IwonaprizeforoneofmypaintingswhenIwasfourteen.ThatmaybewhyIwenttoa