新高考2025版高考英語二輪復習第一編一閱讀理解題型二推理判斷題練習新人教版

PAGE1-題型二推理推斷題語篇出處：2024年全國卷Ⅱ·B篇語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：志愿服務“Youcanusemeasalastresort(選擇),andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit.”ThiswasanactualreplyfromaparentafterIputoutarequestforvolunteersformykids'lacrosse(長曲棍球)club.Iguessthatthere'sprobablysomedemandingworkschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtug_at_the_heartstrings.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren'tevenon...Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,“Alright.Yes,I'lldoit.”I'msecretlyrelievedbecauseIknowthere'srealpowerinsharingvolunteerresponsibilitiesamongmany.Theunwillingparentorganizesthemealschedule,sendsoutemails,andcollectsmoneyforend-of-seasongifts.Somewherealongtheway,thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam.Thecoachisabletofocusonthekidswhiletheotherparentsarerelievedtobeoffthehookforanotherseason.Handingoutslicedorangestobloodthirstykidscanbeasexcitingaswatchingyourownkidscoreagoal.Still,mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhentheseasoncomestoaclose.Thatreliefiscoupledwithadeepunderstandingofwhythesamepeoplekeepcomingbackformore:Connectingtothecommunity(社區(qū))asyoufreelygiveyourtime,money,skills,orservicesprovidesarealjoy.Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.Inthatsense,I'mprettysurevolunteeringismoreofaselfishactthanI'dfreelyliketoadmit.However,ifothersbenefitintheprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatterwheremymotivationlies？1.WhatcanweinferabouttheparentfromherreplyinParagraph1？A.Sheknowslittleabouttheclub.B.Sheisn'tgoodatsports.C.Shejustdoesn'twanttovolunteer.D.She'sunabletomeetherschedule.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tugattheheartstrings”inParagraph2mean？A.Encourageteamwork. B．Appealtofeelings.C.Promotegooddeeds. D．Provideadvice.3.WhatcanwelearnabouttheparentfromParagraph3？A.Shegetsinterestedinlacrosse.B.Sheisproudofherkids.C.She'llworkforanotherseason.D.Shebecomesagoodhelper.4.Whydoestheauthorlikedoingvolunteerwork？A.Itgivesherasenseofduty.B.Itmakesherveryhappy.C.Itenableshertoworkhard.D.Itbringshermaterialrewards.題1：題干中關鍵詞是“herreplyinParagraph1”，由文章第一句“Youcanusemeasalastresort(選擇),andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit.”可知，家長讓把她當作最終的選擇，假如沒有其他人當志愿者，那么她就去。由此可推斷出這位家長不想去當志愿者。選C。題2：第一段提到一個家長不情愿去當志愿者。由畫線處所在句的上一句“Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.”可知這位家長須要被勸告。下文作者提到有四個孩子的單親媽媽主持了這個節(jié)目，一位孩子不在此隊的父親擔當長曲棍球隊的教練……由此可知，作者是為了以情動人。選B。題3：題干中關鍵詞是“abouttheparentfromParagraph3”，由第三段中的“Somewherealongtheway,thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam.”這一細微環(huán)節(jié)可知，這位家長成了一個好幫手。選D。題4：題干中關鍵詞為“Whydoestheauthorlikedoingvolunteerwork？”。文章中提到“Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.”，與B項中信息相匹配。選B?？挤?推斷細微環(huán)節(jié)類——“揣摩推敲”法典例片段(2024·湖南師大附中模考)Whenearlyautomobilesfirstarrivedonthesceneinthelate19thcentury,fewpeoplecouldhaveimaginedthattheywouldonedaytakeovertheworld.Infact,sometownsoftheUnitedStatesfoundthenoiseandexhaustfromthesenovel“horselesscarriages”sodisgustingthatearlycarswereactuallyforbiddenthere....Sowhatislifelikeinplacewhereoneofthemostpowerfulinventionsinhistoryhasbeenbanned?Well,it'squitenice,actually....Theyalsosaveahugeamountofmoneythatwouldnormallygotocommuting(往來)bycars.Whatcanweinferfromthetext？A.Earlycarswerefirstshownonthestage.B.Cars'popularitywasexpectedatfirst.C.Carsweredescribedinanovelasdisgusting.D.Earlycarswereknownascarriageswithouthorses.第一步題干定位：題干中的關鍵詞是infer，是推斷細微環(huán)節(jié)題。其次步鎖定信息：首段信息“earlyautomobilesfirstarrived”“novel‘horselesscarriages’”和“earlycars”。第三步分析對比：最早的汽車被看作沒有馬的四輪車。與選項D中信息匹配，故選D?？挤?推斷觀點看法類——“褒貶措辭”法典例片段(2024·青島模考)DuringAmsterdam'schaoticrushhour,nine-year-oldLottaCrokcyclestoaverybusyjunction....Lottaisthefirstjuniorcyclemayorintheworld....ButchildrenwhocycleinAmsterdamfacechallenges,...LottabecamejuniorcyclemayorinJunelastyearwhenshewonacontest...SinceLottawasappointedjuniorcyclemayor,Sheisnowplanningameetingwiththecity'smayortodiscussideasFollowingthesuccessoftheAmsterdamscheme,cyclemayorsaroundtheworldarenowplanningtoappointjuniorcolleagues.“Theyseeitworksreallywell，”Boerma,theseniormajor,says.“Italktotheparents,Lottatalkstothechildren.Andifyoulookatthecitythroughtheeyesofachild,youwillalsomakeitaccessibleforothers.Acitythat'sgoodforaneight-year-oldisalsogoodforan88-year-old.”What'sBoerma'sattitudetothejuniorcyclemayor？A.Cautious. B．Favorable.C.Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.第一步題干定位：題干中的關鍵詞是Boerma，可以定位到最終一段引號里的內容。其次步鎖定信息：文中信息是“worksreallywell”和“Acity...isalsogood...”。明顯是贊同的。第三步對比選項：Cautious“謹慎的”；Favorable“贊成的”；Ambiguous“模糊的”；Disapproving“不贊成的”。故選B。考法3推斷寫作意圖類——“意圖推斷”法典例片段(2024·上海嘉定?？?Thisstrangelittleboy-man,neverseparatedfromatindrumheisalwaysbanging,isourheroofthetable...ThisisanoverviewofthestoryofTheTinDrum,themostfamousworkbytheGermanNobel-winningauthorGünterGrass,whopassedawayonApril13attheageof87.TheTinDrumalsoestablishedGrassasoneoftheleadingauthorsofGermany...Hewascalled“Germany'sconscience”，becauseheremindedGermansofapastduringtheSecondWorldWar(1933—1945)thatmanywouldhaveratherforgotten.Thissometimesmadehimunpopular...Grasswasamanofthepenandthepageandalsoamanwithagiftforspeakingtothepublic.Hiswritingwasnoisyandannoying,butonehadtolistentoit,alittlelikethesoundofthedrumbangedbyhismostfamousliterarycreation.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthearticle？A.ToanalyzewhathasmadeTheTinDrumsopopularinGermany.B.TointroducethereaderstoGünterGrassandhismostfamouswork.C.TopresentthehistoryofGermanythroughthepenandpageofGrass.D.TogivesomebackgroundinformationaboutGrass'searlylifeasawriter.第一步主旨大意：開篇提到一個敲鼓的小男孩GünterGrass。其次步鎖定信息：其次段提到GünterGrass的成名作和作品風格；第三段提到他并不受人歡迎；最終一段總結他的寫作手法就像敲鼓發(fā)出的聲音一樣。第三步分析對比：該文章屬于人物傳記類，描述的是GünterGrass和他的作品。與選項B中信息一樣，故選B?？挤?文章出處題——“對號入座”法典例片段(2024·全國卷Ⅱ，B篇)ManyofusloveJulybecauseit'sthemonthwhennature'sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia'sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein(蛋白質),ironandzinc(notthatfruitshavemuchprotein).Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants(抗氧化物質).TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries(櫻桃),theyaresodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC....Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken？A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Atravelbrochure.第一步首段描述：這些來自不列顛哥倫比亞省土地上的色調艷麗的甜甜的珍寶就是養(yǎng)分愛護的小集團。其次步鎖定信息：關鍵詞：草莓、藍莓、櫻桃，維生素、蛋白質、抗氧化物質。第三步分析推斷：應當是來自于健康和養(yǎng)分相關的書，即健康雜志，故選B。(2024·鄭州一中?？?語篇類型：說明文主題語境：自然災難Thereisalwayssomethingthathappensintheworldthateveryonefearswillhappentotheirtown,cityorcountry:naturaldisasters.Thescariestpartofitisthatnoonewilleverseeitcoming.Thoughtechnologyhelpsusprepare,butitneveractuallytellsthepeoplewhenit'sgoingtohit.Itisalwaysestimatedbuttheresultisnever100%accurate.However,thatisnotthepointofthisarticle.Twodifferentnaturaldisastersintwodifferentpartsoftheworldhavehappenedinthepastfewweeks.OnewasamajorfloodthathashitLouisianaintheUnitedStates.TheotherwasanearthquakethathitAmatrice,Italy.However,thereisamajordifferenceinthenewscoverageofthetwotragedies.AsforthefloodinginLouisiana,itisreportedthatthisdisasteristheworsttohittheUnitedStatessinceSuper-stormSandyandit'llcostatleast$30million.Inonlythefirstcoupleofweeks,13peoplehaddied.However,likeme,manypeopledidnothearaboutthistragicevent.Ididnotlearnaboutituntilaboutthreeweeksafterithappened.InItaly,however,itcoveredallmediainstantly.TheearthquakeinItalyhappenedonTuesdaymorning.Thatsameday,IwasonTwitterandthatwasallthatwasoverthenewsfeed.Everyotherpostwasabouttheearthquake.SomewouldhavetheopinionthatAmatrice,Italywasoneofthemostbeautifultownsinthatcountry.Igotindeepsorrowbecausethereweremorepeoplekilledinthisquakethantheflooding.Sofar,theyhaveatotalof73deadandoveronehundredmissing.IunderstandthattechnicallytheearthquakeinItalywasworsethanthefloodsinLouisiana.However,Ibelievethatifanaturaldisasterhappens,theyallshouldbeequallycoveredandtakenequallyseriously.Weareoneworldunitedandshouldbethereforallofthepeoplewhoareinneedofhelp.Wemaynotbeabletoaccuratelypredictdisastersbut,wecansurelylendahandoutfortheneedy.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要講了兩個不同的地方發(fā)生的不同自然災難，但是對其報道卻是不同的。作者認為自然災難無大小，應當讓人們剛好知曉，這樣人們就可以向受害者伸出救濟之手。1.Whatreallyconcernstheauthoraboutthetwonaturaldisasters？A.Thedeathandtheinjured.B.Themediareport.C.Thegovernment'sresponsibility.D.Theireconomicloss.答案：B推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段最終一句中的“thereisamajordifferenceinthenewscoverageofthetwotragedies”可知，對于這兩個自然災難，作者關注的是媒體的報道。2.Whydidtheauthorlearnaboutthefloodsolate？A.Hedidn'tcareabouttheflood.B.Hefeltnervousaboutthenews.C.Themediadidn'tcoveritintime.D.Thefloodfrightenedtheauthoralot.答案：C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句“Ididnotlearnaboutituntilaboutthreeweeksafterithappened.”可知，作者很晚才知道洪水的事情是因為媒體報道得晚。3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage？A.Italyisn'tgoodatpredictingthenaturaldisasters.B.Allnaturaldisastersshouldbecoveredequally.C.Theworldshouldbeunitedintooneinstantly.D.AmericashouldhelpItalypredictnaturaldisasters.答案：B推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“IunderstandthattechnicallytheearthquakeinItalywasworsethanthefloodsinLouisiana.However,Ibelievethatifanaturaldisasterhappens,theyallshouldbeequallycoveredandtakenequallyseriously.”可知，全部的自然災難都須要被同等地報道。4.Howisthetextmainlydeveloped？A.Bymakingacomparison.B.Byfollowingthetimeorder.C.Bylistingsomeexamples.D.Byanalyzingthecauses.答案：A推理推斷題。本文通過講解并描述了兩個地方發(fā)生的不同自然災難來比對說明對自然災難的報道有所偏差。disastern.災難tragedyn.悲劇accuratelyadv.精確地最終一段其次句：However,Ibelievethatifanaturaldisasterhappens,theyallshouldbeequallycoveredandtakenequallyseriously.譯文：然而，我信任假如自然災難發(fā)生的話，它們都應當被同等地報道并且受到同等關注。分析：這是一個主從復合句。that引導賓語從句，作動詞believe的賓語。賓語從句中含有一個if引導的條件狀語從句。專題強化訓練(二)(1)Therobotsarecoming！Alltheeffortsyouputintostudyingatuniversitymaynothavebeenenough—becauserobotscouldbecomingforyourjob.Anewstudyfindsthatasmanyas800millionworkerscouldbereplacedbyrobotsby2030.ThestudyfromtheMcKinseyGlobalInstituteestimatesthat“between400millionand800millionindividualscouldbereplacedbyautomation(自動化)orrobotsandneedtofindnewjobsby2030aroundtheworld”.Itestimatesthat30percentofthehourspeoplespendonworkinggloballycouldhavebeenautomatedbythattime.Thosemostaffectedwillbepeoplewhoworkin“predictableenvironments”doingtaskssuchasoperatingmachinesandpreparingfastfood.Thosewhomakealivingcollectingandprocessingdataalsofaceahighriskofbeingreplacedbyrobots.Butpeoplewhoworkinlesspredictableenvironmentssuchasgardeners,plumbers,andchildcarestafffaceasmallerrisk,becausetheirroles“aretechnicallydifficulttobeautomatedandoftencommandrelativelylowerwages,whichmakesautomationalessattractivebusinessproposition”.However,it'snotalldoom(厄運)forthefutureofemployment.Thestudynotesthatautomationsometimesallowsworkerstoremainemployedinadifferentposition.“Evenwhensometasksareautomated,theemploymentrateinthoseoccupationsmaynotdeclinebecauseworkersmayperformnewtasks，”McKinsey&Companywroteinareleaseonitswebsite.ItnotedthatChinahasthelargestnumberofemployeeswhowouldneedtoswitchoccupations,upto100millionifautomationwasadoptedrapidly,or12percentofthe2030workforce.Thenumbersarehigherinmoreadvancedeconomies,withuptoone-thirdofthe2030workforceinAmericaandGermanyneedingtoswitchoccupations,alongwithnearlyhalfofthe2030workforceinJapan.Countrieswhichfailtoprepareworkersfortransitiontonewjobswillfeeltheimpactofariseinunemploymentanddepressedwages,accordingtothestudy.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。探討報告預料，到2030年全球將有高達8億人的工作被機器人和自動化操作取代。1.Whywilllotsofpeopleneedtofindnewjobsby2030aroundtheworld？A.Theydon'tputeffortsintotheirstudyatuniversity.B.Theworld'sworkingpopulationisonthesteadyincrease.C.Theywillbepaidlesswiththedevelopmentoftechnology.D.Robotsorautomationwilltaketheplaceoftheirpositions.答案：D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段和其次段的內容可知，許多工人須要重新找工作是因為預料到2030年他們將被機器人或自動化操作所取代。2.Whichofthefollowingjobswillbetheleastlikelytobereplacedbyrobots？A.Machineoperation. B．Fastfoodcooking.C.Childcareinkindergarten. D．Datacollection.答案：C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段的第三句并結合選項可知，幼兒園的兒童保育工作人員被機器人取代的可能性最小。3.Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardsthefutureemployment？A.Optimistic.B.Pessimistic.C.Unconcernedandindifferent.D.Havingnopersonalpreference.答案：D推理推斷題。文章前兩段提到探討預料大量的工人會被機器人或自動化設備取代；第四段的首句提到對將來的就業(yè)來說，這并不肯定是厄運；接下來又提到人們可以從事其他工作。從而可以看出作者對將來的就業(yè)形勢看法客觀，沒有個人偏好。4.Whichsectiondoesthearticlebelongto？A.Education. B．Technology.C.Lifestyle. D．Business.答案：B推理推斷題。本文主要論述了麥肯錫全球探討院近期發(fā)布的探討報告，預料到2030年全球多達8億工人將會被機器人或自動化操作取代。由常識可知機器人和自動化設備的核心技術——人工智能屬于技術范疇，所以本文應屬于科技類范疇。predictableadj.可預見的；可預料的occupationn.職業(yè)；占有；消遣adoptvt.接受，接受；收養(yǎng)最終一段第一句：ItnotedthatChinahasthelargestnumberofemployeeswhowouldneedtoswitchoccupations,upto100millionifautomationwasadoptedrapidly,or12percentofthe2030workforce.譯文：它指出，中國須要轉換職業(yè)的員工數(shù)量最多，假如快速接受自動化，該數(shù)量將達到1億，或者占2030年勞動力總數(shù)的12%。分析：這是一個主從復合句，that引導賓語從句，作動詞note的賓語。在賓語從句中，who引導定語從句，修飾先行詞employees;if引導條件狀語從句。(2)Thedollonmydeskwasimportantforme.Seeingit,Icouldn'thelpthinkingofDoris.Doriswasascienceteacherbyprofession,butshewasalsoaverycreativeperson.Allaroundherroomweredollsthatshehadmade.FromwhatIgatheredfromtalkingtoDoris,she'dtakenaclassindollmaking.OnedaywhileIwasinherroomshetookoneofthedollsoutofthecasetoshowme,sayingthiswasthefirstdollshehadevermade.Thisdollwasveryunusualwithfineartisticwork.Theceramic(陶瓷的)skirtwasmadeofdelicateruffles(褶裥飾邊).Iwasamazedthatanyonecoulddosuchuniquework.AsDoriswasholdingthedollverycarefullysheturnedthedollinsuchawaythatIcouldseeaslightbreakinoneoftherufflesontheskirt.Thenshesaid,“Wouldyoulikemetotellyouaboutthis？”O(jiān)fcourse,Iwascurioustoknowwhathappened.Dorissaidthatonthewaytoclassshebumpedthesideoftheskirt.Shesaidshewasupsetandalmostdidn'tgotoclassatall.Whenitwasherturntoshowthedolltotheteacher,shehadtopointoutthebreakintheskirt.Dorisfeltforsurethatthedollwouldberejected(拒絕)becauseofit.Muchtohersurprise,theteachertoldhershewasjustgoingtoignorethisbreakandgradethedollontheothergoodqualitiesithad.Dorissaidtheattitudefromtheteacherchangedherlife.Ifthatteacherhadn'tforgiventhatsmallmistake,shewouldneverhavemadetherestofthedolls.ThisteachercouldhavemadeDorisfeelashamedbyhermistake.Butbecauseofherwillingnesstoignorethemistake,Doriswassharingherkindnesstothenextgeneration.篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者看到桌子上的陶瓷娃娃想到了Doris，以及她和自己共享的一個暖和的故事。1.Whywasthedollonthedeskwasimportantfortheauthor？A.Itfilledtheauthorwithkindness.B.ItremindedtheauthorofDoris.C.ItconveyedwhathappenedtoDoris.D.Itwasmadebytheauthorandhisteacher.答案：B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段其次句“Seeingit,Icouldn'thelpthinkingofDoris.”可知，作者望見這個娃娃就想到了Doris。2.HowdidtheauthorknowwhathappenedtothespecialdollDoristookout？A.BycommunicatingwithDoris.B.Byexaminingtheartisticwork.C.Byreadingthesignonthedoll.D.Bytakingaclassindollmaking.答案：A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由其次段第一句中的“FromwhatIgatheredfromtalkingtoDoris”可知，作者與Doris交談中得知該玩偶的獨特之處。3.WhatdoweknowaboutDoris？A.Shewaskind. B．Shewascurious.C.Shewashonest. D．Shewasclumsy.答案：C推理推斷題。由第四段中的“Whenitwasherturntoshowthedolltotheteacher,shehadtopointoutthebreakintheskirt.”可知，當輪到她把玩偶展示給老師看的時候，她指出了裙子上的破損之處。她沒有絲毫掩飾，說明她很誠懇。4.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage？A.Ignoreothers'shame.B.Shareyourkindnesstoothers.C.Focusmoreonyourownmistakes.D.Holdpositiveattitudetoothers'mistakes.答案：D推理推斷題。由第四段中的“gradethedollontheothergoodqualitiesithad”和第五段第一句“Dorissaidtheattitudefromtheteacherchangedherlife.”可知，老師的看法變更了他的人生。由此說明我們對待別人的錯誤要寬容，即持有主動的看法。delicateadj.精致的；微妙的；嫻熟的；纖弱的；易損的uniqueadj.獨特的；唯一的，獨一無二的bumpv.碰，撞；顛簸而行第五段其次句：Ifthatteacherhadn'tforgiventhatsmallmistake,shewouldneverhavemadetherestofthedolls.譯文：假如老師沒有包涵那次小小的過失，她將恒久不會制作其他的瓷器玩偶。分析：這是一個虛擬條件句，表示與過去事實相反，從句中的謂語動詞用的是過去完成時態(tài)，主句中的謂語動詞用的是wouldhavedone。(3)TheUnbelievableSurvivalfromBearAttacksThispastOctober,ItookanearlymorninghikeintheMadisonValleyinsouthwestMontana.Knowingthatbearsarecommonthroughouttheareaandnotwantingtosurpriseone,Ishoutedout,“Hey,bear！”every30seconds.Aboutthreemilesin,Isteppedoutintoameadowandshoutedagain.AfewmorestepsandIspottedabrownbearwithherbabiesonthetrailattheupperendofthemeadow.Thesowsawmerightaway,andtheyallranupthetrail.Butthenshestopped,turned,andchargedstraighttome.IyelledsoshewouldknowIwashumanandhopefullyturnback.Nosuchluck.Igaveherafullchargeofbearsprayatabout25feet.Hermomentum(沖力)carriedherrightthroughtheorangecloudandontome.Idivedface—firstintothedirtandwrappedmyarmsaroundthebackofmyneckforprotection.Shewasontopofme,bitingmyarms,shoulders,andbackpack.Theforceofeachbitewaslikeahammerwithteeth.Overandovershebitme.Afterwhatfeltlikehoursbutwasmerelyminutes,shedisappeared,apparentlysatisfiedthatIcausednofurtherthreat.Itriedtopickmyselfup,butmyeyeswerefullofbloodandIcouldn'tsee.Iknewthatifshecamebackagain,I'dbedead,soIwipedthebloodfromoneeyeandlookedaround.Nobear.Istoodupandmovedquickly