滿分練1 　閱讀理解+七選五閱讀2025年高考總復習優(yōu)化設計二輪專題英語A課后習題題組限時滿分練含答案

滿分練1閱讀理解+七選五閱讀2025年高考總復習優(yōu)化設計二輪專題英語A課后習題題組限時滿分練含答案滿分練(二)閱讀理解+七選五閱讀Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024江西新余二模)Somebuildingscanleaveyouwonderinghowonearththeywerebuilt.Jaw-droppingarchitectureisnotnew.We’restillamazedthattheGreatPyramidinEgyptwasbuilt4,500yearsago!Readonformorerecentexamplesofinnovative4buildingsconstructedusingtechnologydevelopedinthelastcentury.KrzywyDomek(CrookedHouse)Sopot,PolandCOMPLETED:2004SIZE:Aboutthree-fourthsthesizeofafootballfieldWithitswarped13walls,curvedstainedglass,androofthatlookslikegreendragonscales,CrookedHouseispopularwithphotographers.Staringatitfortoolongmightmakeyoudizzy!Insidethoughisatypicalmallandofficebuilding.Peoplecanshopinthestores,eatintherestaurantsandgettheirhaircutinasalon.AfavoritefeatureistheWallofFamewithsignaturesfromPolishcelebrities.It’smodeledaftertheHollywoodWalkofFame.CubeHousesRotterdam,NetherlandsCOMPLETED:1984SIZE:Aboutone-fourththesizeofabasketballcourtThe38CubeHousesareapopularattraction,buttheyarealsorealhousesthatpeoplelivein!Thecubeshaveconcretefoundationsandfloorswithawood-framelivingspaceontop.Cementpanelsandzincpanelsaddvisualappeal.Thefurnitureistailor-madetofittheoddangleswherethewallsmeet.BubblePalaceCannes,FranceCOMPLETED:1989SIZE:AlmostthreetimesthesizeofabasketballcourtThishousemaylooklikeaspacecolonybutit’sreallya10-bedroompalace.Madeofcave-likebubblesformingalabyrinth(迷宮),italsohasponds,waterfalls,swimmingpools,anoutdoortheaterthatseats500people,andviewsoftheMediterraneanSea.WonderworksPigeonForge,TenesseeCOMPLETED:2006(Otherlocationsfollowed)SIZE:Aboutnine-tenthsthesizeofafootballfieldLookingatthecracksinthisbuilding,youmightthink,isitabouttocrumble?Andhowdotheygetpalmtreesandgrasstogrowupsidedown?Butit’sallanillusion.Thisindooramusementparkisactuallyprettynormal.Theupside-downfeaturesarejustforshow.Insidearemorethan100hands-onscienceexhibitsandactivities,includingalaser-tagzone,ahurricane-forcewindtunnel,azero-gravityastronaut-trainingride,andathree-storyropescourse.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四座使用20世紀開發(fā)的技術建造的創(chuàng)新建筑,它們會令人瞠目結舌。1.Whichbuildinghasthesmallestsize?A.Wonderworks. B.CubeHouses.C.BubblePalace. D.KrzywyDomek.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據四座建筑分別對應的尺寸信息“Aboutthree-fourthsthesizeofafootballfield”“Aboutone-fourththesizeofabasketballcourt”“Almostthreetimesthesizeofabasketballcourt”和“Aboutnine-tenthsthesizeofafootballfield”可知,CubeHouses是其中最小的建筑,約為籃球場的四分之一大小。2.WhatcanvisitorsappreciateinWonderworks?A.TheWallofFamewithsignaturesfromPolishcelebrities.B.Thetailor-madefurnituretofitthestrangeangles.C.Anillusionofpalmtreesandgrassgrowingupsidedown.D.Alabyrinthformedbycave-likebubbles.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據Wonderworks中“Lookingatthecracks...it’sallanillusion.”可知,在Wonderworks中游客有棕櫚樹和草倒著生長的錯覺。3.Wherecouldthepassagecomefrom?A.Atextbook. B.Atourbrochure.C.Amagazine. D.Areport.答案C解析推理判斷題。通讀全文,文章為讀者介紹了四座使用20世紀開發(fā)的技術建造的創(chuàng)新建筑,與建筑相關,結合選項可知,文章可能出自一本雜志。B(2024山東日照二模)WhenBellaLinwas12yearsold,shenoticedthatherguineapigs(豚鼠)seemedunhappyintheirsmallcagewith“prison-likebars”,LintoldtheCNBCMakeItwebsite.Focusingonfindinganalternativetotraditionalcagesforherpets,thenow17-year-oldfromMountainView,US,beganherdesigns.Linexperimentedwithmultipledesignsandusedaround$2,000fromhersavingstostarthersidebusiness,GuineaLoft,onAmazoninNovember2022.Itmadeabigdifferenceandsoldnearly11,000cagesandbroughtinmorethan$410,000in2023,accordingtoCNBCMakeIt.Initially,Lininformedherfatherofherdesiretodevelopanimprovedcage.Herfatherhadrelationswithafamily-ownedfactoryinChinathroughapreviousclient,andhereachedouttothem.Traditionalguineapigcagestypicallyconsistofbars,roofs,andeithertarp(防水布)orplasticbottoms,makingthemhardtocleanandoftensmellbad.Lin’sinitialglass,open-floorcagesofferedmorevisibilityandmobility,withatwo-layeredbottom.Thisdesignallowsfortheeasyremovalofsoiledbeddingbypushingitintoaremovableplastictray(托盤).However,duetohighshippingcosts,theglassmaterialwasimpractical,andtheopenfloorcausedproblemsforhersmallerguineapigs,astheirfeetwouldgetstuck.Linandhersix-personteaminChinadevotedlatenightstoresearchingandtestingproducts.Herteamhandledthesourcing,manufacturing,packagingandphotographyoftheproducts.Intheend,theychoseacrylic,insteadofglass,andcraftedreplaceablebottoms,asLindescribedit.Thebottomsareeasytothrowout,whichisgoodforbusiness:Oncecustomersrunoutofthebottoms,theyhavetovisitLin’sAmazonstoreagaintorestock.“WitnessingthepracticaleffectsofGuineaLoftcagesthroughcustomerreviewsandemailsisempowering,”Linsaid.“Assomeonewhoonceplacedgreatemphasisonacademicrecognition,thesuccessofmysidebusinesshasboostedmyconfidenceinexploringlifebeyondhighschool.”【語篇導讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了BellaLin在注意到她的豚鼠在小籠子里不開心后,開始設計替代傳統籠子的新型籠子的故事。4.WhatinspiredLintodesignanewcageforguineapigs?A.Thehugeprofitsinherbusiness.B.Theirbadlivingconditions.C.Herunpleasantexperienceatschool.D.Herdesiretoreplaceoldcages.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據第一段內容可知,豚鼠惡劣的生活條件激發(fā)了她為它們設計一個新的籠子。5.WhatisamajoradvantageofLin’snewcage?A.Itiswaterproof. B.Itlastslong.C.Itiseasytoclean. D.Itsmellsnice.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段中“Thisdesignallowsfortheeasyremovalofsoiledbeddingbypushingitintoaremovableplastictray.”可知,她設計的新籠子的巨大優(yōu)勢是便于清理。6.HowdoesLinsoundinthelastparagraph?A.Humorous. B.Concerned.C.Encouraged. D.Curious.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據最后一段內容可知,她意識到自己設計的豚鼠籠實際效果很好,探索高中以后生活的信心得以增強。由此可知,她聽起來很受鼓舞。7.Whatmaybeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.InventingforOurPetsB.RunningaSideBusinessC.BellaLin’sAcademicAchievementsD.TheApplicationofGuineaPigCages答案A解析主旨大意題。通讀全文,尤其是第一段中“Focusingonfindinganalternativetotraditionalcagesforherpets,thenow17-year-oldfromMountainView,US,beganherdesigns.”可知,文章為讀者講述了BellaLin的故事,她在注意到她的豚鼠在小籠子里不開心后,開始設計替代傳統籠子的新型籠子。因此,A項“為我們的寵物做發(fā)明”契合文章主旨,最適合作為文章標題。C(2024江西景德鎮(zhèn)三模)Haveyoueverhadthefeelingthatyoucan’tthinkwhenthereistoomuchnoisearound?Didyoueverthinkafishcouldexperiencethatfeelingtoo?ArecentpaperpublishedinSciencetitled“Soundscape(聲景)oftheAnthropoceneOceans”,combinedover10,000scientificpapers,confirmingthatundersealifeknowsthatexactsamefeeling,moreoftenthannot.Anthropogenic(人為的)oceannoise,alsoknownasunderwaternoisepollution,hascreatedadramaticimpactonmarinelifedueto“human-caused”activitywithinandneighboringouroceans.DisneyPixar’sanimatedfilmFindingNemoeducatedusabouttheocean,andspecificallywithintheordinaryworldofaclownfish.Afactmanymaynotknowisthatclownfishspendthefirstpartoftheirlivesaslarvae,driftingwiththecurrentoftheoceanuntiltheybecomestrongenoughtoswimagainstit.Oncetheyarepowerfulandstrong,theyheadhomeinshelteredcoralreefs.Thereisonlyonedrawback—thefishcan’tphysicallyseethereef,buttheycanhearit.Theonlyproblemis,iftheycan’thearit,willtheyevermakeithome?Ouranthropogenicoceannoise,suchascargoships,shipandboatpropellers,surfing,deepseamining,etc.arecausingdestructionofmarinelife.AccordingtoTime,soundisthesensorysignalthattravelsthefarthestthroughtheocean.Anthropogenicnoisedrownsoutthenaturalsoundscapes,puttingmarinelifeunderimmensestress.Altogether,thisstressthenaffectstheirgeneralhealth,disruptstheirbehavior,physiology,reproductionand,inextremecases,causesdeath.Marinelifecanadapttonoisepollution,however,onlyiftheycanescapeit.Thisonlyrendersfurthercomplicationsofstraying(使偏離)speciesfromtheirtraditionalbreedingregionsorseparatingthemfromtheirfamilies.Now,whatifwetoldyouthereisalreadyasolution?Multipleremedies,ideasanddesignsarecurrentlyintheworksoralreadyexisttoeliminateandreversethedamageofanthropogenicoceannoise.AsTimeexplains,fromwind-poweredshipstonoise-reducingpropellers,floatingwindturbinesand“bubblecurtains”thatmuffleconstructionnoise,thesolutionsarealreadyavailableandinsomecases,cost-effective.Theauthorsofthepaperhopeitwillcatchtheattentionofpolicymakers,whohistoricallyspeaking,haveignoredthematterstilltothisday.Ofallthechallengesoceancreaturesarebattling,luckilysoundpollutionistheeasiestcompromisehumanscanmake.Oncethenoisehasdecreased,marinelifewillbeabletobettermanageeverythingelseitisupagainst.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了人為海洋噪聲對海洋生物造成的影響,以及目前存在的解決方案和對未來政策制定者的呼吁。8.Howdoesanthropogenicoceannoiseaffectclownfish?A.Itimprovestheirreproductionrates.B.Itpromotestheirbetterdevelopment.C.Ithindersthemfromfindingtheirhome.D.Itcausesthemtogiveuptheirmigrationintheocean.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第二段中“Thereisonlyonedrawback...evermakeithome?”可知,人為的海洋噪聲會阻礙小丑魚找到回家的路。9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“renders”probablymeaninparagraph3?A.Leadsto. B.Decideson.C.Holdsback. D.Resultsfrom.答案A解析詞句猜測題。根據第三段中“Marinelifecanadapt...fromtheirfamilies.”可知,海洋生物會因為噪聲污染而偏離傳統繁殖區(qū)域或與它們的同類分離,這是噪聲污染帶來的結果。由此可推知,畫線單詞“renders”的意思是“導致”,與選項A意思接近。10.Whichofthefollowingsolutionsisalreadyavailableaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Theapplicationofrelevantlaws.B.Theuseofnoisecontroltechnology.C.Therestrictionofhumanactivities.D.Theattentionoflocalpolicymakers.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第四段中“AsTimeexplains...cost-effective.”可知,已經有一些噪聲控制技術可以用來減少人為的海洋噪聲。11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thebeautyofmarineecosystems.B.Theurgentneedforoceanconservation.C.Theimpactofclimatechangeonoceannoise.D.Theharmfuleffectsofhuman-generatedoceannoise.答案D解析主旨大意題。文章第一段指出了人為的海洋噪聲對海洋生物的影響。文章第二段至第四段通過講述小丑魚的例子和海洋生物對噪聲的適應性,進一步說明了噪聲污染對海洋生物的危害。文章最后一段提出了一些已經存在的解決方案。由此可知,文章主要講述的是人為產生的海洋噪聲的有害影響。D(2024河南開封三模)Advancesinartificialintelligence(AI)areindicatingthataccuratequakeforecastingmaybeattainable,therebycastingdoubtontheconventionalwisdomthatsuchanaccomplishmentisbeyondourcapabilities.ResearchersattheUniversityofTexas,Austin,createdanAImodelthat,duringatestruninChina,correctlyforecastedapproximately70percentofearthquakeswithaone-weekwarningandofferedreliableassessmentsoftheirpotentialintensity.Theresearchersattributetheirtechnique’seffectivenesstoitsrelianceonastraightforwardmachinelearningframework.TheAIwasprovidedwithasetofstatisticalfeaturesbasedontheteam’sknowledgeofearthquakephysics,andtheninstructedtotrainitselfusingafive-yeardatabaseofearthquakerecordings.Oncetrained,theAIofferedpredictionsbydetectingearlyindicatorsofquakeshiddenwithintheplanet’slow-frequencyrumbles(隆隆聲).TheprojectmarksasubstantialbreakthroughintheexplorationofAIforanticipatingseismic(地震)events.AccordingtoAlexandrosSavvaidis,aseniorresearcherheadingtheTexasSeismologicalNetwork,“Seismicoccurrencesstrikewithoutwarning,oftenintheblinkofaneye.Yourreadinessisallyoucaninfluence.Achievinga70%predictionrateisaconsiderableachievementthatcouldsignificantlyrestricttheimpactofearthquakes,reducingboththefinancialburdenandlossoflife,andthepotentialtoremarkablyimproveearthquakepreparationworldwide.”Althoughtheeffectivenessofthismethodindifferentregionsremainsuncertain,theresearchersbelievethattheirAImodelhasthepotentialtoenhancepredictionaccuracywhencarriedoutinregionsequippedwithdependableseismicmonitoringfacilities.TheirnextstepistotestartificialintelligenceinTexas,wheretheUniversityofTexas’sTexNetoperatesanetworkof300earthquakestationsandoversixyears’worthofcontinuousrecords,makingitanideallocationforthesepurposes.Ultimately,theauthorsaimtocombinethesystemwithphysics-basedmodels.Thisapproachcouldbeparticularlyvaluableinareascharacterizedbylimitedorinadequatedata.“Thatmaybealongwayoff,butmanyadvancessuchasthisone,takentogether,arewhatmovesscienceforward,”concludesScottTinker,thebureau’sdirector.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了人工智能可以給出準確的地震預測,介紹了其工作原理以及意義。12.HowdoestheAIpredictseismicevents?A.Itidentifiesdatafromthesatellites.B.ItanalyzesbackgroundsoundsintheEarth.C.Itmodelsdatabasedonearthquakerecordings.D.ItmonitorschangesintheEarth’smagneticfield.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“Oncetrained,theAIofferedpredictionsbydetectingearlyindicatorsofquakeshiddenwithintheplanet’slow-frequencyrumbles.”可知,人工智能分析地球上的背景聲音預測地震事件。13.WhatdoesAlexandrosSavvaidisintendtoshowinparagraph3?A.Thewaystoreducelossesinearthquakes.B.Theimportanceofpreparingforearthquakes.C.ThesignificanceofdevelopingtheAIprediction.D.TherestrictionsofAI-basedmethodsinearthquakeprediction.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據第三段內容可知,亞歷山德羅斯·薩瓦伊迪斯想說明發(fā)展人工智能預測的意義。14.Whatdoesthesubsequentresearchfocuson?A.Conductingtestsindifferentlocations.B.ApplyingtheAIapproachtootherfields.C.BuildingmoreearthquakestationsinTexas.D.Enlargingthedatabasetotrainthecalculationaccuracy.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第二段中“Theirnextstepistotest...ideallocationforthesepurposes.”可知,接下來的研究重點是在不同地點進行測試。15.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheearthquake-predictingtechnology?A.Stablebutoutdated.B.Effectivebutcostly.C.Potentialandeconomical.D.Pioneeringandpromising.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據第一段首句以及最后一段末句可推知,地震預測技術具有開創(chuàng)性和前景。Ⅱ.七選五(2024湖南永州三模)Astheseasonsarestartingtochangearoundtheworld,theanimalkingdomisonthemove.Animalmigrationisoneofnature’sgreatwonders,buthowdoanimalsknowwhenitistimetosetoffontheirjourney,orwheretheyneedtogo?Oncethey’veworkedouttheirdestination,howdotheyknowhowtogetthere?16.

Migrationisabehavioralpatternwhereanimalstravelfromonehabitattoanotherinsearchofsomething.Ithappensseasonally,andusuallyinvolvesareturnjourney.Thesejourneyscanbebyland,seaorair.17.Animalslikegazelles,wildebeestsandzebrasmigrateinhugeherdsduringdryseasonstolookforfreshgrasstoeatandwatertodrink.

Animalsalsomigratebecauseoftheweather.Around50birdspeciesleavetheUKeachwintertoavoidthecold.18.They’reeithersearchingforamate,lookingforsomewheretolaytheireggsorfindingthebestplacetoraisetheiryoung.Forexample,humpbackwhalestraveltowarmerwaterseachwintertoraisetheircalves.

19,buthowdotheyknowwhenitistimetoheadoff?Forthosewhomigratetolookforsomethingtoeat,scientiststhinkshortagesoffoodcouldbeasignthatit’stimetobegintheirjourney.Othersmightbeabletorecognizewhenwinteriscomingbecausetheycanseethatthedaysaregettingshorter.

Sohowdotheyknowwheretogo?Someusethestarsandthesuntohelpthemnavigatewhileothersrelyonlandmarkslikeriversandmountainstoshowthemwheretheyare.20.Wildebeestsarethoughttofollowthesmellofrain.

A.BelowaresomewaystheygetthereB.AnimalshavetheirreasonsformigratingC.ScientistshavebeenpuzzledbythesequestionsformanyyearsD.It’salsopossibleforanimalstosnifftheirwaytotheirdestinationE.SomebirdstraveltotheUKtoescapeextremecoldfurthernorthF.OneofthemainreasonsbehindanimalmigrationisthesearchforfoodG.Forsomeanimals,it’stheneedtoreproducethatsendsthemontheirjourney答案與解析【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要解釋了動物遷移這一行為相關的問題。16.C空前提出了一些與動物遷徙相關的問題,故C項符合,C項中的“thesequestions”指代空前提出的這幾個問題。17.F空后提到了瞪羚、角馬和斑馬等動物在旱季成群結隊地遷徙,尋找新鮮的食物和水源,故它們遷徙的目的是尋找食物和水源,故F項符合。18.G空后提出它們遷徙是為了尋找配偶,或者尋找產卵的地方,或者尋找養(yǎng)育幼崽的最佳地點,故G項符合,繁殖的需求讓一些動物踏上了旅程,它們要么是在尋找配偶,要么在尋找產卵的地方,要么尋找養(yǎng)育幼崽的最佳地點。19.B空后提出了另外一個問題,什么時候出發(fā),且上文一直在解釋動物遷徙的原因,故B項符合,承上啟下,總結上文分析的原因,并引出下文遷徙的時間。20.D空前和空后都提出了一些動物如何知道自己該去哪里的方法,故D項符合,空前提出一些動物通過地標和星星、太陽來幫助自己導航,而空后則具體舉例牛羚是靠聞雨水的味道,故D項可以引出下文。滿分練(一)閱讀理解+七選五閱讀Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024山東泰安二模)LiveandlearnlikeacollegestudentthissummeratCarletonCollege’sSummerLiberalArtsInstitute(SLAI).BeginningonMarch15,SLAIisanimmersive(沉浸式的)summerlearningexperienceforcurrent10thand11thgraderstoexploreliberalartsthroughrigorousandexperientialcurriculum.Ifyouareacademicallycurious,excitedaboutlearning,andthriveincooperativeworkenvironments,SLAIistheprogramforyou!AtSLAI,youwillconnectwithlike-mindedpeersfromalloverthenationandworld,allwhileearningcollegecreditandlearningfromtop-rankedCarletonfaculty,whoareexpertsintheirfield.Choosefrom6programs,withtopicsin:History&Literature,Storytelling,Sociology,STEM,ComputerScienceandNeuroscience.StudentswhoattendSLAIcomeawayfromtheprogramonApril6withimprovedcollege-levelreading,writing,andresearchskills,anincreasedknowledgeoftopicsandmajorstheymaywanttostudyinthefuture,andageneralsenseofpreparednessforcollege.Duringtheprogram,studentsspendtheirmorningsandafternoonsinclass,conductingresearch,andinhands-onlabs.Specially,avarietyofsocialactivitiesareavailableafterclasseveryday,fromfrisbeetobeadingtomakings’mores.Weekendfieldtripstoattractionsinsurroundingcitiesarealsoincludedintheprogram.Pastdestinationshaveincludedamusementparks,museums,orevenadayatthelake!Visitourwebsitetoapplytoday!Wehavetworoundsofapplicationreview.ThefirstdeadlineisonFebruary5,andthesecondandfinaldeadlineisonMarch11.Need-basedscholarshipsareavailable.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇應用文,主要介紹了CarletonCollege’sSummerLiberalArtsInstitute(SLAI)的課程內容、活動安排以及申請方式等信息。1.HowlongwillSLAIlast?A.About1week.B.About2weeks.C.About3weeks.D.About4weeks.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第一段中“BeginningonMarch15...rigorousandexperientialcurriculum.”和文章第三段中“StudentswhoattendSLAIcomeawayfromtheprogramonApril6”可知,SLAI將持續(xù)大約三周。2.WhatsetsSLAIapartfromotherlearningexperiences?A.Participantscanhaveaccesstohands-onlabs.B.Participantscanapplyforitonlineorinperson.C.Itenablesparticipantstoengageinsocialactivities.D.Itensuresparticipantstolearnwithcollegestudents.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第四段中“Specially,avarietyofsocialactivitiesareavailableafterclasseveryday”可知,SLAI與其他學習經歷的不同之處在于它使參與者能夠參與社會活動。3.HowcanSLATbenefitparticipants?A.Itenhancesawarenessofpreparednessforcollege.B.Itcanimprovetheircollege-levellistening.C.Ithelpsparticipantsgetcollegescholarships.D.Itoffersthetopictheyarefondoffreely.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第三段內容可知,SLAI提高了為大學做準備的意識。B(2024湖北武漢二模)Bythelate1960s,abstractpainterHaroldCohenhadrepresentedBritainatimportantfestivalswithhisoilpaintingsandwasseekinganewchallenge.“Maybetherearemoreinterestingthingsgoingonoutsidemystudiothaninsideit,”hethought.Cohenturnedfromthecanvas(畫布)tothescreen,usingcomputerstofindnewwaysofcreatingart.Inthelate1960s,hecreatedaprogramthathenamedAaron.Itwasthefirstartificialintelligencesoftwareintheworldoffineart,andCohenfirstpresentedAaronin1974attheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.Aaron’sworkhassincegracedmuseumsfromtheTateGalleryinLondontotheSanFranciscoMuseumofModernArt.WithAIdominatingtheheadlines,anewexhibitionatNewYork’sWhitneyMuseumofAmericanArt,“HaroldCohen:Aaron”,runningthroughJune2024,drewattentiontoCohen’spioneeringwork.TheWhitneyofferedsomethingdeeperthanmostpreviousAaronexhibits:areal-timeexperience,inwhichvisitorscouldwatchthesoftwareproduceart.CohenseededAaronwithallsortsofknowledge:aboutbasicobjects,physics,andfundamentaltechniquesofdrawing.Aaronusesthisknowledgetofollowinstructions,completetasks,andmakedecisionslikehumanbeings—averydifferentapproachfromtoday’sgenerativeAIartprograms,whichdon’tdrawfromscratch(從頭開始)butratherrelyondatabasesofimages.VersionsofAaronstillgenerateoutput,butanythingdoneafterCohen’sdeathin2016isnotconsideredgenuine.TheWhitneyisshowcasingtwoversionsofCohen’ssoftware,alongwiththeartthateachproducedbeforeCohendied.The2001version,AaronKCAT,generatesimagesoffiguresandplantsandprojectsthemontoawallmorethantenfeethigh,whilethe2007versionproducesjungle-likescenes.Thesoftwarewillalsocreateartphysically,onpaper,forthefirsttimesincethe1990s.“Itisabsolutelythrilling,”saidChristianePaul,themuseum’sdirectorofdigitalart,“tohaveoneofthoseremarkabletreasuresofdigitalartinthecollection.”【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了抽象畫家哈羅德·科恩利用計算機程序Aaron創(chuàng)作藝術的先驅性工作,及其在紐約惠特尼美術館的展覽回顧。4.WhatwasAaronbornoutof?A.Harold’scuriosity.B.Themuseum’sdonation.C.Cohen’simagination.D.Theuniversity’ssupport.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據第一段中“‘Maybetherearemoreinteresting...thathenamedAaron.”可知,Aaron的誕生源于哈羅德的好奇心。5.WhatmakesAarondifferentfrommodernAIartprograms?A.Itsabilitytoassigntasks.B.Itsuseofmoderntechniques.C.Itscapabilitytomakechoices.D.Itsdependenceonexistingdatabase.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中“Aaronusesthisknowledge...relyondatabasesofimages.”可知,Aaron的不同之處在于它不依賴現有的數據庫,而是能夠自己做出決策和創(chuàng)作。6.Whatcanvisitorsdointhe“HaroldCohen:Aaron”exhibition?A.Seetheoriginal1960sversionofAaron.B.GenerateimageswiththehelpofAaron.C.Learnaboutthephysicalrulesinart.D.ObserveAaroncreatingartonthespot.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“TheWhitneyofferedsomething...thesoftwareproduceart.”可知,參觀者在“HaroldCohen:Aaron”展覽上能做的是觀察Aaron現場創(chuàng)作藝術。7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Themasterpiecesofdigitalart.B.Ashowoftheartworld’sfirstAI.C.ThelatesttechnologiesintheWhitney.D.HaroldCohen’simpactongenerativeAI.答案B解析主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了藝術家HaroldCohen創(chuàng)造的世界上第一個用于精細藝術領域的人工智能軟件Aaron,以及紐約惠特尼美國藝術博物館舉辦的展示Aaron及其作品的展覽。因此,文章主要講述的是藝術界首個人工智能的展覽。C(2024湖北武漢二模)Peruispreparedtoapprovenewlawsthatwouldmakeiteasiertoinvestigateandpunishresearcherswhoengageinacademiccheating,includingpayingtohavetheirnamesaddedtoapaper.ThemovecomesasPeru’snationalscienceagencyseekstocrackdownonauthorshipbuyingandotherdishonestpractices.Itrecentlyremovedtwoscientistsaccusedofdishonestpublicationsfromanationalregistrythatiskeytoreceivinggovernmentsponsor,jobpromotions,andsalarybonuses.Andofficialsareinvestigatingmorethan170otherresearchersthataPeruvianmediareportclaimedwereinvolvedinacademicmisconduct,including72listedinthenationalregistrywhoworkat14universitiesinPeru.Thenewlawswillempoweruniversitiesandgovernmentofficialstopunishsuchbehavior.Dishonestpublishingpractices“transcendmeremoralmisbehavior”becausetheyenableresearcherstoobtaingovernmentandprivatefundingwithouttellingthetruth,saysEdwardMálagaTrillo,amemberofCongresswhoisthedrivingforcebehindthebills,whichlawmakersareexpectedtofinalizeearlythisyear.“Theseindividualsareoperatingacademiccheating.”Peru’sacademiccommunityhasbeenstrugglingwitharisingtideoffalseauthorshipandrelatedproblems.Onecause,someresearcherssay,isa2014lawthataimedtostimulateresearchbyrewardingresearcherswhoboosttheirpublishingoutput.Forexample,underascoringsystemusedbyuniversities,researcherscanearnfivepointsforauthorshipinahigh-impactjournal,andtwopointswhenthejournalislowerimpact.Themassingpointscanbringbonuspaymentsandcareerpromotion.Signsofdishonestpublishingcanbeobvious,notesNahuelMonteblanco,presidentofCientificos.pe,aPeruviangroupthatinvestigatesmisconduct.ManyofthepaperscitedbyPuntoFinalhavenumerousco-authorsfromdifferentnationswithfewpriorpublicationsonthesamesubject.“Ifyourcolleagueconsistentlypublishes20articlesayearwithco-authorsfromothercountries,that’shighlysuspect,”Monteblancosays.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹秘魯準備通過新的法律,以便更容易地調查和懲罰進行學術作弊的研究人員并解釋作弊的原因和現象等。8.WhatactiondidPerutakerecentlytoaddressacademiccheating?A.Fining72offendersforacademicdishonesty.B.Disqualifying2scientistsfromanationalregistry.C.Punishing170researchersforacademicmisconduct.D.Withdrawinggovernmentfundfrom14universities.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“Itrecentlyremovedtwoscientists...andsalarybonuses.”可知,秘魯最近從國家注冊中心取消2名科學家的資格來解決學術作弊問題。9.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“transcend”inparagraph3?A.Change. B.Strengthen.C.Gobeyond. D.Approveof.答案C解析詞句猜測題。根據畫線詞下文“becausetheyenableresearchers...individualsareoperatingacademiccheating”可推斷,上文意思是國會議員EdwardMálagaTrillo說,不誠實的出版行為“超越了單純的道德不端行為”,所以transcend意為“超越”,和“Gobeyond”同義。10.Whatdoweknowaboutthe2014lawinPeru?A.Itadvocatedafairscoringsystem.B.Itappliedtohigh-impactjournals.C.Itledtoanincreaseinfalseauthorship.D.Itaimedtopunishdishonestpublishing.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中“Onecause,someresearcherssay...paymentsandcareerpromotion.”可知,研究人員會想辦法提高論文的發(fā)表量,這樣就會導致虛假作者的數量增加。11.Whatmightthemostsuspicionbegiventoaproductiveresearcherwith?A.Careerpromotion.B.Consistentresearchfocus.C.FewcitationsbyPuntoFinal.D.Co-authorsfromvariouscountries.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段中“Manyofthepapers...Monteblancosays.”可知,最值得懷疑的可能是擁有來自不同國家的合著者。D(2024湖南岳陽二模)Richvarietyexistsinprimates(靈長目動物).MonkeysrollonsnowyJapanesemountains,gorillaschewfruitonSumatra,lemursjumpbetweentreesinMadagascar,andthenakedapes—humans—walkproudlyontwolegsworldwide.ScientistscannowstudytheDNAdifferencesbeyondthatdiversity,thankstoadatabankofgenomes(基因組)from233species.Tounderstandthegoodandbadofhumanevolution—bothourextraordinaryadaptationsanddisease-causingchanges—scientistsmustcomparethegenomesofHomosapiens(智人)toourclosestevolutionaryrelatives,theprimates.Butresearchersinvestigatingdiversetopics,fromcontemporarygeneticdiseasestohumanorigins,havelongfacedaroadblockwhenpursuingthisapproach:Whilegenomicdataexistsfrommillionsofpeople,mostofthe500-plusprimatespeciesneverhadtheirgenomesread.So,in2019,TomàsMarquès-BonetattheInstituteofEvolutionaryBiology,inBarcelona,Spain,andotherbiologiststeamedupwithdiseaseresearchersatthecompanyIllumina,determinedtoobtainasmanyprimategenomesaspossible.Navigatingwildernessandlocalpermittinglaws,theinternationalresearchersobtainedhundredsofbloodsamplesfromwildandcagedanimalsinSouthAmerica,Africa,andAsia.ArrangingDNAfromthesesamplesandaddingdatafrompreviousstudies,theteambuiltabankof809genomesf