山西省2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題【含答案解析】

2024~2025學(xué)年高二1月期末質(zhì)量檢測卷英語(A卷)考生注意：1.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項目填寫清楚。3.考生作答時，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑;非選擇題請用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatbothersthemanabouthisnewapartment?A.Itsdistancefromthecitycenter.B.Thenoisefromtheclothesshops.C.Thelackofmoderncookingfacilities.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Iloveyournewapartment.Iwouldhavepreferredittobeclosertothecitycenter,butit’sgreathowitoverlooksalltheclothesshops.M:Actually,thenoisefromthoseshopsbothersme.It’sthemoderncookingfacilitiesinthekitchenthatIlovethemost.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisacardealer.B.Shehasboughtanewcar.C.Shehaspassedherdrivingtest.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:NowthatI’vepassedmydrivingtest,I’mthinkingofbuyingacar.Butthepricesarecrazy.M:Yeah.Howaboutausedcar,likemine?Icouldreachmydealerforyou.W:I’llthinkaboutthat.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Findajob. B.Keepwaiting. C.Accepttheoffer.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:ItwasahugeachievementtobeacceptedintotheUniversityofCambridge,butdon’trushintoanydecisionjustyet.W:Shouldn’tIseizethisopportunity?M:Well,youstillhaven’theardbackfromothers,likeHarvardUniversity.Maybethebestisyettocome.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheroom?A.Itisdisappointing. B.Itismessy. C.Itissatisfying.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Youtoldmeweweregoingtohaveaprivatebathroomwhenyoubookedtheroom.M:Ithas,andit’sfarlessexpensivethanwehadexpected.W:Butthere’sonlyonepublicbathroomonthisfloor,andweneedtoshareitwithfourotherpeople!5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atazoo. B.Atasciencemuseum. C.Atacinema.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Russell,canyoubelieveit?Apandahuggingherbaby…solifelike!Look,alionischasingadeer…M:You’resointotheseglasses.Takeiteasy.Thisplacehassomanytooffer.Comeon!Let’sgototheAIrobotsectionnext.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.WhydoesJoneyloveSundays?A.Hecansleeplate.B.Hecanplaybasketball.C.TherearesportsonTVallday.7.WhatdoesthewomanaskJoneytodo?A.Cleanhisroom. B.Dohishomework. C.Gooutsideandplay.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:DoyouknowwhyIloveSundays,Mom?W:Sure,Joney.Youdon’tgotoschooltoday.M:That’strue,butIdon’tgotoschoolonSaturdays,either.W:Then…don’ttellmetherearesportsonTVallday.M:You’resoright.Nooneknowsmebetter,Mom.W:Oh,comeon,don’teventhinkaboutit!You’vepromisedtocleanyourroomtoday.M:Iwill,andallIneedisonly30minutesjusttoknowwhowillwinthebasketballgame,please.W:Allright,butnotbeforeyoufinishthecleaning.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Howmanywindowsdoesthemanstillhavetopaint?A.9. B.14. C.23.9.Whatisthewomangoingtodoattheweekend?A.Haveagoodrest. B.Receivefriendsathome. C.Plantsomeflowers.10.Whoisthewoman?A.Theman’swife. B.Theman’scoworker. C.Theman’semployer.【答案】8.A9.B10.C【解析】【原文】W:Whenwillyoufinishpaintingthewindows?I’vegotlotsofotherjobsforyouafterthat.M:Well,IhadtocleanallthegardenfurniturewhenIgothereat9:00thismorning,andthattookawhile.ButI’vepainted14windowsoutofatotalof23.W:Oh,good.Onceyou’vefinished,I’llgiveyoumylist.Itbeginswithcuttingthegrass,thenplantingsomelovelyflowers.M:Okay,butI’mnotsureifI’llgeteverythingdonetodayasitwillgetdarkinabout4hours,thenI’llneedtogethomefordinner.W:ButI’vegotsomefriendscomingattheweekend,andIwanteverythingtobeperfect.M:Don’tworry.I’llbeheretomorrowtofinishtherestoftheworkatnoextracost.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11Howlongdidthewomanspendvolunteeringwithawildlifeorganization?A.Threemonths. B.Sixmonths. C.Twelvemonths.12.WhatdidthewomanmainlylearninCanada?A.Managementskills. B.Wildlifeprotection. C.Howtodoresearch.13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Interviewerandinterviewee.B.Neighbors.【答案】11.B12.A13.A【解析】【原文】M:OK,tellmeabitaboutyourself,andwhyyouwanttojointhisproject.W:Thankyouforinvitingme,Dr.Morey.I’minterestedinyourresearch.I’minmythirdyearofstudyingecologyatTsinghuaUniversity.Beforethat,IspentsixmonthsinSouthAfricavolunteeringwithawildlifeorganization.IalsotookayearoutlastyeartoworkwiththeCanadianForestService.M:Excellent.Thesearequiterelatedtowhatwe’reresearchingnow.WhatdidyoulearninCanada?W:Tobehonest,throughthatexperience,Ididn’tgetmuchchancetolearnaboutmyprofession.Butinstead,Ihadvaluablelessonsonmanagingpeopleandlearnedmanymanagementskills.M:Didyoutakealeadroleinanyprojects?W:Yes,aprojecttoencouragebetterawarenessofforestprotection.M:Yousoundliketheperfectcandidate!Welcometomyteam.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whydidthewomaninventanewsystem?A.Tocreatemusic. B.Tohelphergrandfather. C.Tomakepeoplefeelbetter.15.Howdidthewomangettheideaforthisproject?A.Fromherownexperience.B.Fromreadingalotofbooks.C.Fromherteacher’ssuggestion.16.Whatdoesthewomanplantodo?A.Stopworkingontheproject.B.Sellthesystemtomakemoney.C.Keepimprovingthecurrentproject.17.Whatistheman’sattitudetothewoman’ssystem?A.Expectant. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear.【答案】14.C15.A16.C17.A【解析】【原文】M:Amy,Iheardyouinventedanewsystemthisyear.Canyoutellmesomethingaboutit?W:Sure.Thissystemusespeople’sresponsestomusictorecommendsongstomakethemfeel—better.Mygoalwastousemusictoimprovepeople’smentalhealth.M:Howdidyoucomeupwiththeideaofcarryingoutthisproject?W:Iplaytwodifferentmusicalinstruments.WhenIplayedtheinstrumentswithothersaroundme,theyallfaceddifferentemotionsandrelaxation.Sothat’swhereIgottheideatostartthisprojecttofindawaytomeasuretherelaxationwhenlisteningtodifferenttypesofmusic.M:Whatwasyourfavoritepartofthisproject?W:Wewerefindingoutwhatmusicalfeaturesaffectedouremotionsandrelaxationthemost.ItwassomethingthatIwasreallycuriousabout.M:Andwhat’snextforyou?W:I’llkeeponworkingwiththisproject,becausethere’sstillalottoimprove.M:Ireallylookforwardtoyoursystem.Youknow,mygrandfatherfeelsdepressedsometimes.Ithinkitcanbehelpfultohim.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.Whatisthemaintopicofthelecture?A.Thedisadvantagesofsocialmedia.B.Howtousesocialmediaeffectively.C.Theimpactofsocialmediaonsociety.19.Whatisthelecturer’smainconcernaboutsocialmedia?A.Ittakesuptoomuchtime.B.Itspreadsfalseinformation.C.Ittakesawayface-to-facesocialskills.20.Whatarethestudentsexpectedtodonext?A.Takesomenotes. B.Givetheirpresentations. C.Haveagroupdiscussion.【答案】18.C19.C20.B【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning,andwelcometomylecture.Iexpecteveryoneofyouhasbroughtyourphone.IimaginesomeofyoumayevenopenWeiboandpostthingsifyougetbored!Butissocialmediaagoodorbadthingtooursociety?Todaywe’veknownhowsocialmediamakesusfeelconnectedtotheoutsideworld.Wecanpaybillsandbuythingsatthetouchofascreen,anddoonlinelearning,improvejobskills,discovernewthings…onjustonesocialmediaapp.Butwhataboutthedarksideofsocialmedia?Accordingtosomeresearch,socialmediacanbeaddictive.Itcanleadtoloneliness,anxietyanddepression.Butpersonally,itisparticularlyworryingthatithasreplacedtheartofcommunicationformanypeople.Insteadofgoingtosomeone’shouseforachat,wenowusemessagesandemojistotalkwithourfriendsonline,takingawayourface-to-facesocialskills.IknowyouallhavepreparedalotforthispresentationsinceIannouncedthetopicinclasslastweek.Nowit’stimetohaveyoursay.Whowouldliketotakethefirstturn?第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFourSunniestCitiesintheWorldYuma,UnitedStatesYumaistheworld’ssunniestcity,withanaverageof4,015hoursofsunshineayear.Thatmeansmorethan300sunnydaysayearor11hoursofsunshineaday.AswellasbeingthesunniestplaceonEarth,Yumaisextremelyhotanddryduetoitsdesertclimate.LocatedintheSonoranDesertintheUSstateofArizona,itonlyreceivesabout3.4inches(英寸)ofrainperyear,andtemperaturesrisegreatlyduringthesummermonths.Julyisespeciallyhot,withtypicalhighsof41.7℃.Calama,ChileOnaverage,thesunshinesfor3,926hoursayearintheChileancityofCalama.LocatedintheAtacamaDesertinnorthernChile,itisalsooneoftheworld’sdriestplaces,withnomorethan1.4inchesofrainfallperyear!Calama’saverageyearlytemperatureis11.2℃,thoughthereareextremechangesbetweenwinterandsummer,withaveragedailylowsof0℃inwinterandaveragedailyhighsof20℃insummer.ElPaso,UnitedStatesLocatedintheChihuahuanDesert,ElPasoenjoyssunshinefor3,763hoursayear.TheweatherinElPasoismildanddryinthewinterandhotanddryinthesummer,witharound8.8inchesofrainfallperyear.Forsevenmonthsoftheyear,temperaturesareabove26.7℃,peakingduringthemonthofJune.Inatypicalyear,109daysarehotterthan32.2℃.Keetmanshop,NamibiaLiketherestofthecitiesonthislist,Keetmanshophasahotdesertclimate,with3,870hoursofaverageannualsunshine.SituatedontheedgeoftheKalahariDesertinsouthernNamibia,ithasextremelyhotlongsummersandshortcoldwinters.Itonlyreceivesabout6inchesofannualrainfall,andtemperaturesaremildthroughouttheyear.Onaverage,temperaturesreachhighsof28.8℃andlowsof13.3℃.21.Whichofthefollowinghasthelongesttimeofsunshine?A.Yuma. B.Calama.C.ElPaso. D.Keetmanshoop.22.WhereisCalama?A.IntheSonoranDesert. B.IntheAtacamaDesert.CIntheKalahariDesert. D.IntheChihuahuanDesert.23.WhatistheannualrainfallinKeetmanshop?A.About1.4inches. B.About3.4inches.C.About6inches. D.About8.8inches.【答案】21.A22.B23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了世界上四個陽光最充足的城市?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Yuma,UnitedStates部分“Yumaistheworld’ssunniestcity,withanaverageof4.015hoursofsunshineayear.(尤馬（Yuma）是世界上最陽光的城市，平均每年有4.015小時的陽光。)”及其他城市的日照時間可知，尤馬市是日照時間最長的城市。故選A。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Calama,Chile部分“Onaverage,thesunshinesfor3,926hoursayearintheChileancityofCalama.LocatedintheAtacamaDesertinnorthernChile,itis…(智利城市卡拉馬平均每年有3926小時的陽光。它位于智利北部的阿塔卡馬沙漠)”可知，卡拉馬市位于阿塔卡馬沙漠。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Keetmanshop,Namibia部分“Itonlyreceivesabout6inchesofannualrainfall(它每年只接收大約6英寸的降雨量)”可知，基特曼斯胡普的年降雨量大約是6英寸。故選C。BPeopleusuallywashtheirproducebeforeeatingtoremoveresidue(殘留)frompesticides.Butareyourfruitsandvegetablesreallycleanenoughtoeat?14-year-oldSirishSubashfromGeorgiahaswonthe20243MYoungScientistChallengeforinventinganAI-basedhandheldpesticidedetectorcalledPestiSCANDthatisveryaccurateindetectingpesticideresidue.Nowinits17thyear,theChallengesupportsmiddleschoolstudentstothinkcreativelyandapplySTEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics)principlestodiscoverreal-worldsolutions.Whenthefinalistsarechosen,theyarepairedwitha3Mscientistwhoguidesthemoverthesummertohelpturntheirideasfromjustconceptstoprototypes(雛形).Sirishspentfourmonthscompetingagainstnineotherfinalistsandsecuredhiswinatthefinalchallengeeventsat3M’sglobalheadquartersinSt.Paul,MinnesotathatwereheldonOctober14and15,2024.Thefinalistshadtotraverseaseriesofinteractivechallengesandwereevaluatedontheirinnovation,applicationofSTEM,aswellastheirabilitytoinspireothers.Sirish’sjourneytowinningtheawardcamefromwatchinghismotherwashingvegetablesandfruitsandremindinghimtoalwaysdoso.Hewonderedwhetherwashingactuallymadeadifference.Since70percentoftheproduceintheUShaspesticideresiduethatislinkedtoillnesseslikecancer,it’sveryimportanttoknowifthefruitsandvegetablesaresafetoeat.That’swhatPestiSCANDisdesignedtodo.Thedeviceworksbyshininglightonthesurfaceoftheproduceandmeasuringthewavelengthsthatbounce(反射)back.Sirishtestedthedeviceonmorethan12,000foodsincludingstrawberries,applesandtomatoes.PestiSCANDusesasensorandAI-basedprocessortoachieveanaccuracyofover85percent.Sirishaimsatmakingthistechnologywidelyaccessiblesothatconsumerswillbeabletomakesafefoodchoices.Buthestillbelievesyoushouldwashyourproduceanyway.24.WhatisthefunctionofPestiSCAND?A.Totreatcancer. B.Tocleanvegetables.C.Todetectpesticideresidue. D.Topromotethegrowthoffruits.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“traverse”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Notedown. B.Giveup.C.Missout. D.Getthrough.26.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Sirishputalotofeffortintohisinvention.B.PestiSCANDcameonthemarketlastyear.C.Sirish’smotherwasstrictabouthiseducation.D.The3Mscientistsmustn’tprovidehelpforthefinalists.27.WhatdoesSirishsuggestpeopledo?A.OrderapieceofPestiSCAND.B.Washproducebeforeeatingit.C.Buyfreshproduceasoftenaspossible.D.Enterasmanycompetitionsastheycan.【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。14歲的SirishSubash發(fā)明了一種基于人工智能的手持式農(nóng)藥檢測儀，可以非常精確地檢測農(nóng)藥殘留。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“14-year-oldSirishSubashfromGeorgiahaswonthe20243MYoungScientistChallengeforinventinganAI-basedhandheldpesticidedetectorcalledPestiSCANDthatisveryaccurateindetectingpesticideresidue.(來自佐治亞州的14歲少年西里什·蘇巴什（SirishSubash）憑借一款名為PestiSCAND基于人工智能的手持農(nóng)藥檢測器贏得了2024年3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽，該檢測器在檢測農(nóng)藥殘留方面非常準(zhǔn)確)”可知，PestiSCAND的功能是檢測農(nóng)藥殘留，故選C。【25題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前“Sirishspentfourmonthscompetingagainstnineotherfinalistsandsecuredhiswinatthefinalchallengeeventsat3M’sglobalheadquartersinSt.Paul,MinnesotathatwereheldonOctober14and15,2024.(西里什花了四個月的時間與其他九名決賽選手競爭，并在2024年10月14日和15日在尼蘇達(dá)州圣保羅3M全球總部舉行的最終挑戰(zhàn)活動中贏得了勝利。)”及畫線詞后“aseriesofinteractivechallengesandwereevaluatedontheirinnovation,applicationofSTEM,aswellastheirabilitytoinspireothers.(一系列互動挑戰(zhàn)，并在創(chuàng)新、STEM應(yīng)用以及激勵他人方面的能力進(jìn)行評估。)”可推斷，Sirish與其他九名決賽選手競爭，要想獲得勝利，選手應(yīng)該是必須通過一系列互動挑戰(zhàn)，由此可推知，畫線詞的意思和Getthrough(通過)最接近。故選D?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Sirishtestedthedeviceonmorethan12,000foodsincludingstrawberries,applesandtomatoes.(西里什在包括草莓、蘋果和西紅柿在內(nèi)的12000多種食物上測試了這種設(shè)備。)”可知，Sirish在12000多種食物上測試了這種設(shè)備，這是很費精力的，由此可推知，他在發(fā)明上花了很多精力。故選A?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Sirishaimsatmakingthistechnologywidelyaccessiblesothatconsumerswillbeabletomakesafefoodchoices.Buthestillbelievesyoushouldwashyourproduceanyway.(西里什的目標(biāo)是讓這項技術(shù)廣泛普及，這樣消費者就能做出安全的食物選擇。但他仍然認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該清洗你的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品)”可知，Sirish建議人們食用農(nóng)產(chǎn)品之前要清洗一下。故選B。COldertreeshaveamajorroletoplayinthefightagainstclimatechange,accordingtoarecentstudyfromtheUK.ResearchersattheUniversityofBirminghamhavefoundthatoldertreesrespondtoincreasedlevelsofcarbondioxide(CO2)intheatmospherebyabsorbingmoreofitwithincreasedwoodproduction.Previously,itwasthoughtthatonlyyoungertreescoulddothis.ThescientistsstudieddatafromanexperimentrunbytheUniversityofBirmingham’sInstituteofForestResearch(BIFoR)inaforestincentralEngland.Thisforestmainlyconsistsofoaktreesthatareover180yearsold.Tounderstandtheimpactofthechangingclimateontrees,scientistsputanetworkofpipes(管道)intheforestthatfedtheareaastreamofCO2.ThiscreatedalocalatmosphereofincreasedCO2—somethingwemightseeeverywhereifnothingisdonetoreduceglobalemissions(排放).Aftersevenyearsofrunningtheexperimentitwasfoundthat,inresponsetoa40%increaseinCO2levels,thetreeshadincreasedtheirproductionofwoodbynearly10%.TreeschangeCO2intooxygen,whichtheyemitintotheair,andcarbon,whichisusedtoproducewood,leavesandroots.Leavesandrootscandiequitequickly,andwhentheydo,theyemitCO2backintotheatmosphere.Wood,however,actsasalong-termcarbonstore.SowhentheBIFoRtreesmademorewood,theywerekeepingCO2outoftheatmosphereformanyyearstocome,andstoppingitfromwarmingouratmosphere.RobMacKenzie,thedirectorofBIFoRandoneoftheauthorsofthestudy,describedthefindingsas“hopefulandpositive”,andsaidweshouldcarefullymanageolderforests.“Theoldforestisdoingahugeamountofworkforus,”headded.“Whatwedefinitelyshouldnotbedoingiscuttingitdown.”28.Wherewastheexperimentconducted?A.InaforestincentralEngland. B.Inanurbanpark.C.InaforestinwesternEngland. D.InalaboratoryinBirmingham.29.Whatisthepurposeofsettingupanetworkofpipes?A.Tokeepthetreeswarm. B.Toprovidepeoplewithgas.C.TotransportlargeamountsofCO2. D.Tostoreasmuchoxygenaspossible.30.WhichofthefollowingisRobMacKenzie’sideaaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.ItisunavoidabletoemitCO2. B.Peopleshouldplantmoretrees.C.Peopleshouldvalueoldforests. D.CO2isnecessarytotheenvironment.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheRoleofYoungerTreesinClimateChange.B.TheImportanceofReducingGlobalCO2Emissions.C.ClimateChangeImpactsonHumansAreIncreasing.D.OlderTreesCanHelpFightAgainstClimateChange.【答案】28.A29.C30.C31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國伯明翰大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，老樹對大氣中二氧化碳含量的增加作出反應(yīng)，通過增加木質(zhì)生產(chǎn)吸收更多的二氧化碳，從而在應(yīng)對氣候變化中發(fā)揮著重要作用。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的“ThescientistsstudieddatafromanexperimentrunbytheUniversityofBirmingham’sInstituteofForestResearch(BIFoR)inaforestincentralEngland.(科學(xué)家們研究了伯明翰大學(xué)森林研究所（BIFoR）在英格蘭中部的一片森林中進(jìn)行的實驗數(shù)據(jù))”可知，實驗是在英格蘭中部的一片森林中進(jìn)行的。故選A?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的“Tounderstandtheimpactofthechangingclimateontrees,scientistsputanetworkofpipes(管道)intheforestthatfedtheareaastreamofCO2.(為了了解氣候變化對樹木的影響，科學(xué)家們在森林里設(shè)置了一套管道網(wǎng)絡(luò)，向該地區(qū)輸送二氧化碳)”可知，設(shè)置管道網(wǎng)絡(luò)的目的是輸送大量的二氧化碳。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“RobMacKenzie,thedirectorofBIFoRandoneoftheauthorsofthestudy,describedthefindingsas“hopefulandpositive”,andsaidweshouldcarefullymanageolderforests.“Theoldforestisdoingahugeamountofworkforus,”headded.“Whatwedefinitelyshouldnotbedoingiscuttingitdown.”(BIFoR的主管RobMacKenzie和該研究的其中一位作者將這些研究結(jié)果描述為“充滿希望和積極”，并表示我們應(yīng)該仔細(xì)管理老森林。他補(bǔ)充道：“這片古老的森林正在為我們做大量的工作。我們絕對不應(yīng)該砍伐它?！?”可推知，RobMacKenzie認(rèn)為人們應(yīng)該珍惜老森林。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段的Oldertreeshaveamajorroletoplayinthefightagainstclimatechange(老樹在應(yīng)對氣候變化方面發(fā)揮著重要作用)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了老樹對抗氣候變化的作用。故最佳標(biāo)題為“老樹能幫助對抗氣候變化”。故選D。DWhenateamoflocalrangers(護(hù)林員)andscientistsarrivedatthebillabong,alakethatisformedwhenariverfloods,inAustralia’sNorthernTerritory,theyknewtheclockwasticking.ItwasSeptember2024,andthehotdryseasonmeantdisappearingwater,whichwouldtraptheyoungfreshwatersawfishwithindays.Aftercatchingtheyoungsawfishbyhandandwithnets,thescientists,includingPeterKyne,notedeachsawfish’ssex,placingamicrochip(微芯片)undertheirskin,whilerangerspouredwaterontheanimalstokeepthemwet.Overtwodays,theteamput19rescuedsawfishintoawatertankanddrovethemashortdistancetotheDalyRiver,freeingthemintothedarkdepths.ThefreshwatersawfishisatypeoflargeAustralianray(鰩魚)withsharpteeththatcancutthroughotherfish.The21-foot-longraysspendtheirlonglivesinfreshandseawater,withfemalesgivingbirthtoanaverageofsevenbabiesannuallyinNorthernTerritoryrivers.Youngsawfishmatureinfreshwaterforaboutadecadebeforereturningtotheocean.Sawfishwasoncefoundinoceansworldwide.However,acombinationofhabitatlossandoverfishinghasreducedthelarge-toothedsawfish’srangebyanestimated60percentbetweenroughly2000and2010.Thefourothersawfishspeciesarealsocriticallyendangered,andtheirrangeshavedecreasedbyupto80percent.Since2012,therangershavepartneredwithuniversityscientiststolookforandrelocatesawfishinremotefloodplains.Sincethen,theteamhasrelocated115fishbackintotheDalyRiver.Now,there’sanewconcernforsawfishintheNorthernTerritory—cottonfarming.Industrialfarmingstations,somedoublethesizeofLondon,havebeenbuiltacrosstheregion,andmorethan120,000acresofcottonfarmswilllikelybeplantedwithinthenextfewyears.Onaverage,cottonrequiresalmosttwoOlympic-sizeswimmingpoolsofwaterperacre.Tomeetthisdemand,agriculturistsarepushingtoharvestwaterfromtheDalyRiveranditssurroundingfloodplains.32.Whatdidthescientistsdofirstaftertheycaughttheyoungfreshwatersawfish?A.Theypouredwateronthem. B.Theykeptarecordoftheirsexes.C.Theyputmicrochipsintheirmouths. D.Theyputthemdirectlyintotheocean.33.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theintroductionofafish. B.Thebenefitofcottonfarming.C.Thehistoryofindustrialfarming. D.ThedescriptionoftheDalyRiver.34.Howmanysawfishspeciesarecriticallyendangeredaccordingtothetext?A.Six. B.Five. C.Four. D.Three.35.Whatcanbeinferredaboutsawfishfromthetext?A.Theywillsoondisappearcompletely. B.Theirpopulationisincreasingrapidly.C.Theyareonlyaffectedbyoverfishing. D.Theirsurvivalisfacingseveralthreats.【答案】32.B33.A34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了澳大利亞護(hù)林員和科學(xué)家團(tuán)隊拯救淡水鋸鰩的行動，以及淡水鋸鰩面臨的生存威脅。【32題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Aftercatchingtheyoungsawfishbyhandandwithnets,thescientists,includingPeterKyne,notedeachsawfish’ssex,placingamicrochip(微芯片)undertheirskin,whilerangerspouredwaterontheanimalstokeepthemwet.(包括PeterKyne在內(nèi)的科學(xué)家在用手和網(wǎng)捕獲幼小的鋸鰩后，記錄下每條鋸鰩的性別，并在它們的皮膚下放置一個微芯片，而護(hù)林員則往這些動物身上澆水以保持它們的濕潤)”可知，科學(xué)家們在捕捉到幼小的淡水鋸鰩后，首先記錄下它們的性別。故選B項。【33題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“ThefreshwatersawfishisatypeoflargeAustralianray(鰩魚)withsharpteeththatcancutthroughotherfish.(淡水鋸鰩是一種大型的澳大利亞鰩魚，有鋒利的牙齒，可以切開其他魚類)”及該段后續(xù)對淡水鋸鰩的介紹可知，第三段主要介紹了一種魚——淡水鋸鰩。故選A項。【34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“However,acombinationofhabitatlossandoverfishinghasreducedthelarge-toothedsawfish’srangebyanestimated60percentbetweenroughly2000and2010.Thefourothersawfishspeciesarealsocriticallyendangered,andtheirrangeshavedecreasedbyupto80percent.(然而，在大約2000年至2010年期間，棲息地喪失和過度捕撈的結(jié)合使大齒鋸鰩的活動范圍減少了約60%。另外四種鋸鰩也極度瀕危，它們的棲息地減少了多達(dá)80%)”可知，文中提到極度瀕危的鋸鰩共有五種。故選B項。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“However,acombinationofhabitatlossandoverfishinghasreducedthelarge-toothedsawfish’srangebyanestimated60percentbetweenroughly2000and2010.Thefourothersawfishspeciesarealsocriticallyendangered,andtheirrangeshavedecreasedbyupto80percent.(然而，從大約2000年到2010年，棲息地的喪失和過度捕撈使大齒鋸鰩的棲息地減少了約60%。另外四種鋸鰩也極度瀕危，它們的棲息地減少了多達(dá)80%)”以及最后一段中的“Now,there’sanewconcernforsawfishintheNorthernTerritory—cottonfarming.(現(xiàn)在，北領(lǐng)地對鋸鰩又有了一個新的擔(dān)憂——棉花種植)”可知，鋸鰩的生存面臨著棲息地喪失、過度捕撈和棉花種植等多個威脅。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Havingahealthylevelofself-confidencecanhelpyoubecomemoresuccessfulinyourpersonalandprofessionallife.Butmaintainingconfidenceisn’teasyandit’saneasythingtolosewhenyoufeellikeyou’vefailedormadeamistake.____36____.StopcomparingyourselftoothersDoyoucomparehowyoulooktopeoplearoundyou?Ormaybeyoucompareyourincometowhatyourfriendearns.Socialcomparisontheoryexplainsthatmakingcomparisonsisnatural.____37____.Itmayevenhavetheoppositeeffect.Sowhenyounoticeyouaredrawingcomparisons,remindyourselfthatdoingsoisn’thelpful.Surroundyourselfwithpositivepeople____38____.Dotheyliftyouup,ordotheybringyoudown?Aretheyconstantlyjudgingyou,ordotheyacceptyouforwhoyouare?Ifyoufeelbadaboutyourselfafterhangingoutwithaparticularperson,itmaybetimetosaygoodbye.Instead,surroundyourselfwithpeoplewholoveyouandwantthebestforyou.Dothingsyou’regoodatWhathappenswhenyoudothingsthatyouaregoodat?Yourself-confidencestartstoriserapidly.Ifyou’regoodatacertainsport,forinstance,makeitapointtotrainorplayatleastonceaweek.____39____,trytodothattaskmoreoften.SetrealisticgoalsSettinghigh-reachinggoalsandfailingtoachievethemhasbeenfoundtodamageconfidencelevels.Onthecontrary,realisticgoalsareachievable.Andthemoreyouachieveyourgoals,thegreateryourconfidenceinyourselfandyourabilitieswillbe.Tosetrealisticgoals,writedownwhatyouwanttoachieve.____40____.Behonest!Iftheanswerisslimtonone,thegoalmaybeabittoohigh.Dial(調(diào)整)itbacksoitismorerealisticandmoreachievable.A.IfyouhaveagoaltoloseweightB.Ifyou’regoodataparticulartaskatworkC.Butitisn’tlikelytohelpimproveyourself-confidenceD.Next,askyourselfwhatchanceyouhaveofreachingitE.ThismakesyouwonderifyouhavewhatittakestosucceedF.Fortunately,thereareseveralwaystoincreaseyourself-confidenceG.Takeamomentandthinkabouthowpeoplearoundyoumakeyoufeel【答案】36.F37.C38.G39.B40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章提供了幾種增強(qiáng)自信的具體策略，包括停止與他人比較、與積極的人為伍、做自己擅長的事情以及設(shè)定現(xiàn)實的目標(biāo)等?！?6題詳解】上文“Butmaintainingconfidenceisn’teasyandit’saneasythingtolosewhenyoufeellikeyou’vefailedormadeamistake.(但保持自信并非易事，當(dāng)你感覺自己失敗或犯錯時，自信很容易喪失)”表明保持自信存在困難，且在特定情境下自信易失。下文小標(biāo)題如“Stopcomparingyourselftoothers（停止拿自己和別人作比較）”是介紹提升自信的方法?？仗幮璩猩蠁⑾?，引出提升自信的方法。F選項“Fortunately,thereareseveralwaystoincreaseyourself-confidence（幸運(yùn)的是，有幾種提升自信心的方法）”，既承接上文自信易失的情況，又自然引出下文方法，符合語境。故選F項?！?7題詳解】上文“Socialcomparisontheoryexplainsthatmakingcomparisonsisnatural.(社會比較理論表明，進(jìn)行比較是自然而然的)”表明比較行為在理論層面的自然性。下文“Itmayevenhavetheoppositeeffect.(它甚至可能產(chǎn)生相反的效果)”表明它(即比較行為makingcomparisons)甚至可能產(chǎn)生相反的效果。C選項“Butitisn’tlikelytohelpimproveyourself–confidence(但這不太可能有助于提升你的自信心)”，其中it指代上文的“比較行為(makingcomparisons)”，該句表明比較對提升自信并無幫助，和上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，與空后“產(chǎn)生相反效果(havetheoppositeeffect)”相呼應(yīng)，符合語境。故選C項?！?8題詳解】下文“Dotheyliftyouup,ordotheybringyou