河南專用2020版中考英語語法過關(guān)專題七副詞課件人教新目標(biāo)版

專題七副詞考點(diǎn)一副詞的用法及詞義辨析考點(diǎn)突破考點(diǎn)二副詞的比較等級(jí)考點(diǎn)一副詞的用法及詞義辨析考點(diǎn)突破一、副詞的分類1.時(shí)間副詞時(shí)間副詞有now,then,today,tomorrow,yesterday,before,ago,soon,immediately,late-

ly,early,already,yet等。時(shí)間副詞是確定句子時(shí)態(tài)的重要標(biāo)志,所以一定要牢固

掌握不同時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志。2.地點(diǎn)副詞地點(diǎn)副詞有outside,inside,upstairs,here,there,home,near,away,in,back,off,up,any-

where等。地點(diǎn)副詞和動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)不加介詞。3.方式副詞方式副詞有quickly,happily,loudly,suddenly,luckily,badly,easily,fast等。方式副詞

大多由“形容詞+ly”構(gòu)成。4.程度副詞程度副詞有very,quite,rather,too,much,so等。有些程度副詞可以修飾形容詞原

級(jí),有些能修飾形容詞比較級(jí)。5.頻度副詞頻度副詞有sometimes,often,always,usually,never等。頻度副詞通常和一般現(xiàn)在

時(shí)連用,表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率。6.疑問副詞(或疑問副詞詞組)疑問副詞(或疑問副詞詞組)有when,where,why,how,howlong,howsoon,howof-

ten,howfar等。疑問副詞(或疑問副詞詞組)常用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句。7.關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞有when,where,why等。關(guān)系副詞常用來引導(dǎo)從句。二、副詞的用法1.作狀語如:Heworkshard.(修飾動(dòng)詞)他努力工作。Heparkedthecarveryeasily.(修飾副詞)他很容易地把汽車停好了。Unfortunately,hewasout.(修飾整個(gè)句子)很遺憾,他出去了。2.作表語作表語的副詞多數(shù)是表示位置或狀態(tài)的,如in,out,on,down,up,off,away,upstairs。

如:Heisin.他在家。What'sonthisevening?今晚演什么節(jié)目?Imustbeoffnow.我現(xiàn)在必須走了。3.作賓語補(bǔ)足語如:Letthemin.讓他們進(jìn)來。Wesawherofftwodaysago.兩天前我們?yōu)樗托?。三、副詞的位置1.地點(diǎn)副詞、時(shí)間副詞和方式副詞一般放在句末注意:地點(diǎn)副詞作定語時(shí)要后置,不屬于這種情況。I'llmeethimatthestationtomorrow.(時(shí)間副詞)明天我將去車站接他。TomorrowI'llmeethimatthestation.(注意:有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間,可把時(shí)間副詞放在句首。)Theboywrotehishomeworkquickly.(方式副詞)這個(gè)男孩寫作業(yè)很快。Thestudentsallworkedwellherelastweek.(地點(diǎn)副詞)這些學(xué)生上周在這里都做得很好。2.頻度副詞在句中的位置有以下兩種情況①在be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞及第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞之后。Sheisalwayskindtous.她對(duì)我們總是很好。Theworkhasneverbeendone.這項(xiàng)工作永遠(yuǎn)也做不完。②在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前。Heoftengoestoschoolearly.他常常很早就去上學(xué)。3.程度副詞在句中的位置有下列兩種情況①修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí),它在句中的位置與頻度副詞的兩種情況相似。Heisalmostfortyyearsold.他差不多40歲了。注意:如果句末同時(shí)有幾個(gè)副詞,它們的基本順序是:方式副詞+地點(diǎn)副詞+時(shí)間

副詞。Wearegoingtotravelgloballyverysoon.我們很快就要進(jìn)行環(huán)球旅行。②修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí),放在它所修飾的詞的前面。Hestudiesmuchhardernow.現(xiàn)在他學(xué)習(xí)努力多了。Herunsfastenough.他跑得夠快。注意:enough作副詞修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí),應(yīng)放在所修飾詞的后面。但作為形容

詞修飾名詞時(shí),常放在名詞的前面。如:Thisfruitisn‘tsweetenough.這種水果不夠甜。Idon'thaveenoughmoneytobuythisskirt.我沒有足夠的錢買這條裙子。四、副詞詞義辨析1.howlong,howsoon,howoften,howfar由how引導(dǎo)的短語用法例句howlong意為“多久,多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”,對(duì)一個(gè)持續(xù)的時(shí)間段

提問,常用“for+時(shí)間段”和“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)”

回答—HowlonghaveyoubeeninChina?—Forthreemonths.——你來中國(guó)有多久了?——有三個(gè)月了。howsoon意為“多快,多久以后”,對(duì)一個(gè)短暫性動(dòng)作提

問,用于一般將來時(shí)的句子中,常用“in+時(shí)間

段”回答—Howsoonwillhecomeback?—Infiveminutes.——他多久才能回來?——五分鐘后。howoften意為“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間一次”,對(duì)頻率提問,常用

“once,twice,threetimesaweek”等回答—Howoftendoyouvisityourgrandparents?—Onceaweek.——你多久去看望你的祖父母一次?——一周一次。howfar意為“多遠(yuǎn)”,對(duì)距離提問—Howfarisitfromyourhometoyourschool?—Abouttwokilometers.——你家離學(xué)校有多遠(yuǎn)?——大約兩千米。2.hard和hardly3.muchtoo和toomuch拼寫相似的單詞用法例句hard意為“努力地;大量地;猛烈地”Weshouldstudyhard.我們應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。hardly意為“幾乎不”,是否定副詞Icanhardlycatchupwithyou.Canyouwalkslowly?我?guī)缀踮s不上你了,你能走慢一點(diǎn)嗎?近似短語用法例句muchtoo意為“非常,極其,太”,much和too都是副詞,much修飾too,用于加強(qiáng)語氣,中心詞是too,muchtoo修飾形容詞或副詞原級(jí)Theskirtismuchtoodear.這條裙子太貴了。toomuch意為“太多”,中心詞是much,too修飾much,toomuch修飾不可數(shù)名詞,與toomany相對(duì),toomany修飾可數(shù)名詞Pleasedon‘teattoomuchicecream.It'sbadforyourhealth.請(qǐng)不要吃太多冰激凌,那對(duì)你的健康有害。4.too,aswell,also,either四個(gè)“也”用法例句too多用于口語,一般放在句末,用逗號(hào)隔開Hewentthere,too.他也去那里了。aswell多用于口語,一般放在句末Ilikeyouaswell.我也喜歡你。also多用于書面語,一般放在句中與動(dòng)詞連用Ialsowentthere.我也去那里了。either用于否定句,往往放在句末Hedidn'tgothere,either.他也沒有去那里。近義詞用法例句too意為“太,很”,用于“too...to...”結(jié)構(gòu),表示否定意義“太……而不能……”Themanistoooldtolookafterhimself.這個(gè)人年紀(jì)太大了,不能照顧自己。enough意為“足夠”,用于“形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+enoughto...”結(jié)構(gòu),表示“足夠……能……”Theboyrunsfastenoughtowinthegame.這個(gè)男孩跑得足夠快,能贏得這次比賽。so意為“如此”,用于“so...that...”結(jié)構(gòu),表示“如此……以至于……”ThecameraissoexpensivethatIcan'taffordit.這個(gè)照相機(jī)太貴了,我買不起。5.too,enough,so6.already,yet,still近義詞用法例句already表示某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生,主要用于肯定句We'vealreadywatchedthatfilm.我們已經(jīng)看過

那部電影了。yet表示期待某事發(fā)生,主要用于否定句和疑問句Ihaven'tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.我還沒有

完成我的家庭作業(yè)。still表示某事還在進(jìn)行,主要用于肯定句和疑問句,

有時(shí)也可用于否定句Hestillworkshardlateeverynight.他仍然每天

晚上努力工作到很晚。副詞用法例句ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)的“以前”,和表示時(shí)間概念的詞組搭配使用,常用于一般過去時(shí)的句子中Themeetingbeganfiveminutesago.會(huì)議五分鐘前開始的。before指以過去或?qū)淼哪骋粫r(shí)刻為基準(zhǔn)的“以前”,也可泛指以前,常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的句子中IhaveneverbeentoSuzhoubefore.我以前從未去過蘇州。7.ago和before考點(diǎn)二副詞的比較等級(jí)副詞比較等級(jí)的用法1.副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的變化和形容詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的變化規(guī)則基本

相同。請(qǐng)參見形容詞比較等級(jí)的變化規(guī)則。2.在兩者之間進(jìn)行比較表示“A不如B”時(shí),部分雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)副詞除使用

“not...as/so+副詞原級(jí)+as”結(jié)構(gòu)外,還可以使用“l(fā)ess+副詞原級(jí)+than”結(jié)構(gòu)。Hedoesn'twriteascarefullyashissister.=Hewriteslesscarefullythanhissister.他寫字不如他妹妹細(xì)心。3.副詞最高級(jí)前一般不加定冠詞the。Whichdoyoulikebest?你最喜歡哪一個(gè)?4.不規(guī)則變化表原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest一、選詞填空1.(2019河南)—Youdon'tlikeBritishbreakfast,doyou?—Not

exactly

.Ijustneedsometimetogetusedtoit.(more/only/truly/exactly)2.(2019天津)Jennywillgetup

earlier

thanusualinordertocatchthefirstbus.

(early/veryearly/earlier/earliest)3.(2019江蘇南京)Seeingthenewchangesinherhometown,Nanjing,Sandycould

hardly

believehereyes.(properly/highly/nearly/hardly)4.(2019重慶)You'dbetterleave

quickly

,ortroublewillcometoyou.(lively/中考題組friendly/heavily/quickly)5.(2019山西)—Ourmotherland's70thbirthdayiscoming.—Great!Wewillholdmanyactivitiestocelebrateit

warmly

.(wisely/warmly/

simply)6.(2019江西)Peterspokeso

quietly

thatIcouldhardlyhearhim.(loudly/quiet-

ly/clearly/patiently)7.(2019廣東)Amobilephonewith5Gcansendvideosmuch

faster

thanthe

onewith4G.(fast/faster/fastest/thefastest)8.(2019安徽)Icametoschool

early

thismorningbecauseitwasmyturntocleanourclassroom.(early/slowly/quietly/suddenly)9.(2019黑龍江哈爾濱)—What'stheweatherlikeinsummerhere?—It'shot.Sometimesitrains

heavily

.(clearly/heavily/carefully)10.(2019貴州銅仁)—Howoftendoyouusuallygotoworkbysubway?—

Never

.Ialwaystakeabus,becausethereisnosubwayinthiscity.(Some-

times/Often/Never/Seldom)11.(2019江蘇蘇州)CouldyouspeakinaloudvoicesothatIcanhearyou

clearly

?(quickly/happily/slowly/clearly)12.(2019湖北襄陽(yáng))—Whoruns

fastest

inyourclass?—Tomdoes.Noneofuscancatchhimintherace.(faster/slower/fastest/slowest)13.(2019河北)Kenwas

almost

lateforschool.Thebellrangrightafterheen-

teredtheclassroom.(still/always/already/almost)14.(2019山東青島)Mybrotherhasahealthylivinghabit.He

hardly

staysup

late,andheisanearlybird.(usually/hardly/often/always)15.(2019浙江溫州)Bettyfeltsotiredlastnightthatshe

immediately

fell

asleepinbedafterlyingdown.(recently/suddenly/frequently/immediately)16.(2018河南)AuntJaneisnow

well

overseventy,butsheisstillagreatcin-

ema-goer.(very/well/about/almost)17.(2018天津)—Canyouopenagift

immediately

afteryoureceiveitinEng-

land?—Yes.Wedon'thavetowait.(mainly/immediately/nearly/loudly)18.(2018江蘇南京)Millie

almost

missedthetrainthisafternoon.Itstartedto

leaverightaftershegotonit.(almost/already/really/seldom)19.(2018重慶)Ican'theartheteacher

clearly

withsomuchnoiseoutside.

(clearly/slowly/warmly/bravely)20.(2018廣東)—Mygrandpapracticesplayingtheguitar

hard

intheuniversity

fortheelderlyeveryday.—Cool!It'snevertoooldtolearn.(hard/hardly/great/greatly)21.(2017河南)—Jimmy,wherearemyglasses?Ihavelookedeverywhere.—Oh,Granny.Theyare

right

onyournose.(even/well/right/ever)二、語篇填空(2020河南中考預(yù)測(cè))閱讀下面短文,從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空,使短文通順、意思

完整。每空限填一詞,每詞限用一次。courage,final,never,key,like,hard,he,try,make,butThemindissharperthanaknife.Wecanuseittofightagainstthechallengeandto

cutthestone.Everyoneiscreative,andyoujustneedtofindtheright1

to

openit.Followtheshortstorytounderstandthepowerofself-confidence.Fallingoverstones,amanwas2

tofindhiswaythroughadarkcavewitha

lightofhopefromalantern.3

,hecouldfollowthesunlightenteringthecave,

which4

himhappy.Butashewentcloser,hewaspuzzledtoseeahugerock

standingbeforehim5

anelephant.Soon,herealizedthat6

wastheonly

strengthheownedtoovercometheblock.Hepushedtherockwithallhisstrength,7

failed.Hefelthopeless.However,whilehewassittingatthefootofthehugerockinthemouthofthelargecave,

lookingbackonhisattempt,hesaidto8

,“Iwillgetoutofhere.”Thismusthaveaddedtohispowerandgivenhimmoreenergyinpushingthehuge

piece.Therockbegantomovealittlebit,whichencouragedhimtowork9

.

Hegottiredbuthewould10

giveup.Slowly,therockmadewayforhimpayinghonortoallhisefforts.Hewalkedalong

thebrightandevergreenpathbeforehimwithpride.1.

key

2.

trying

3.

Finally

4.

made

5.

like

6.

courage

7.

but

8.

himself

9.

harder

10.

never

一、選詞填空1.(2019河南省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)一模)—Ihavetroublereadingsuchalongpassage.—Youcanreadquickly

togetthemainideasfirst.Don'treadwordbyword.

Justreadforthekeypoints.(exactly/probably/quickly/directly)2.(2019河南新鄉(xiāng)一模)Nooneknowswhenthehousewasbuiltexactly

,butit

mustbeveryold.(suddenly/gradually/exactly/recently)3.(2019河南開封一模)WuMeididn'tgotothecinemayesterday.Instead

,

shewatchedherfavoriteTVseriesathome.(However/Still/Besides/Instead)模擬題組4.(2019河南安陽(yáng)一模)Takecarewhenyouaredriving,especially

insucha

summerstorm.(immediately/especially/probably/recently)5.(2019河南焦作一模)—Therearesomanypeoplewaitingtoenterthemuseum!—Let'sstandinline.It'spolitetowaitpatiently

.(excitedly/patiently/angrily/

sadly)6.(2019河南河大附中一模)Maryalmostmissedthetrainthisafternoon.Itstarted

toleaveright

aftershegotonit.(right/already/almost/seldom)7.(2019河南中原名校中考第二次大聯(lián)考)Begoodtopeopleonyourwayupbe-

causeyounever

knowifyouwillmeetthemagainonyourwaydown.(always/never/sometimes/nearly)8.(2019河南鄭州二模)Iamtootiredtowalkanymore.Anyway

,Iamhungry.

(Then/Anyway/Instead/However)9.(2019河南新鄉(xiāng)二模)—CanyoucatchwhatIsaid?—Sorry,Icanhardly

understanditbecauseyouspokequickly.(almost/proba-

bly/quickly/hardly)10.(2018河南新鄉(xiāng)一模)—Whatabeautifulriver!Canyouimagineitbeingseriously

pollutedinthepast?—Really?Thenourgovernmentmusthavedonealottomakeitclean.(carefully/se-riously/heavily/possibly)11.(2018河南焦作一模)Whenthebadnewsfirstcame,peoplerefusedtobelieveit,

butgradually

theybegantoacceptit.(impossibly/gradually/usually/easily)12.(2018河南商丘一模)Tellyourfatherthatmakingtelephonecallswhiledriving

isnotsimply

againstthelaw.Itisamatteroflifeordeath.(mostly/hardly/near-

ly/simply)13.(2018河南平頂山一模)—HaveyoubeentoPakistanlately

?—Yes.Iwenttherelastweek.(closely/deeply/freely/lately)14.(2018河南焦作二模)Ilostmyticket,butluckily

mybestfriendgavemeanotherone.(firstly/exactly/luckily/actually)15.(2018河南省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)一模)Itiswidely

knownthatmoreandmorefor-

eignersarelearningChineseno