人教版高中英語必修第三冊綜合素養(yǎng)評估卷含答案

綜合素養(yǎng)評估卷時間:120分鐘分數(shù):120分第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AMust-seeCulturalFestivalsinAsiaAsianfestivalsareafascinatingblend(混合物)oflocalculture,lifestyle,andreligion,eachwithitsownrichidentity.Don’tmissoutonthesefestivalsduringyourtriptoAsia.HarbinInternationalIceandSnowFestival(China)Experiencetheworld’slargesticeandsnowfestivalfromJanuarytoFebruary,featuringamazingsculptures(雕像)andtallbuildingsmadefromhugeiceandsnowblocks,decoratedwithcolourfullights.HoliFestival(India)ThefestivalofcoloursisanimportanteventinHinduculturethatcelebratesthelegendofRadhaandKrishna.InIndiaandothercountrieswithIndianpopulations,peoplegatherinthestreetstocelebrateHolibythrowingcoloureddrypowdersandcolouredwaterateachotherwhilechanting“HoliHai”.Male’anSampi(Indonesia)Thefestival’snamecomesfromthelocalSasaklanguage,with“Male’an”meaning“tochase”and“Sampi”meaning“cow”.AnannualtraditionontheMuslimislandofLombok,theeventincludesaseriesofcattleracesona100-metre-longwetracetrackandisafavouriteamonglocalfamilies.SingaporeFoodFestival(Singapore)Visitorscanenjoyadiverserangeofcuisinefromaroundtheworld.Thefestivalcreatesafestiveatmospherethatisperfectforenjoyingdeliciousfoodandexperiencingthelocalculture.Thefestivaloffersavarietyofculturalactivities,includingstreetshowsinChinatown,riverboatcruises,music,andentertainment.21.WhatcanyoudoatHarbinInternationalIceandSnowFestival?A.Buildasnowman.B.Makeanicesculpture.C.Decoratethelights.D.Appreciatetheicesculptures.解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HarbinInternationalIceandSnowFestival(China)標題下的“Experiencetheworld’slargesticeandsnowfestivalfromJanuarytoFebruary,featuringamazingsculpturesandtallbuildingsmadefromhugeiceandsnowblocks,decoratedwithcolourfullights.”可知,從1月到2月,可以體驗世界上最大的冰雪節(jié),它以令人驚嘆的冰雕和由巨大的冰雪塊制成的高大建筑物為特色,裝飾著五顏六色的燈光。因此,在哈爾濱國際冰雪節(jié)上你能欣賞冰雕。故選D。答案:D22.HowdidMale’anSampigetitsname?A.Fromacow.B.Fromthecattlerace.C.Fromthelocallanguage.D.FromaMuslimisland.解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Male’anSampi(Indonesia)標題下的“Thefestival’snamecomesfromthelocalSasaklanguage,with‘Male’an’meaning‘tochase’and‘Sampi’meaning‘cow’.”可知,這個節(jié)日的名字來源于當?shù)氐乃_薩克語,“Male”的意思是“追趕”,“Sampi”的意思是“?！?。因此,Male’anSampi的名字來源于當?shù)卣Z言。故選C。答案:C23.Forfoodlovers,whichcountryshouldtheygotoaccordingtothetext?A.Singapore. B.India.C.Indonesia. D.China.解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SingaporeFoodFestival(Singapore)標題下的“Visitorscanenjoyadiverserangeofcuisinefromaroundtheworld.Thefestivalcreatesafestiveatmospherethatisperfectforenjoyingdeliciousfoodandexperiencingthelocalculture.”可知,游客可以品嘗到來自世界各地的各種美食。這個節(jié)日營造了一種節(jié)日氣氛,非常適合品嘗美味的食物和體驗當?shù)匚幕?。因?對于美食愛好者來說,他們應該去新加坡。故選A。答案:ABStoriesofimmigrantsattractmealot,especiallythelifestoriesofItalianswhohavecometoAmericasincethe1700s.IneachofthesestoriesIseeelementsofmyownstory,thatofleavingmybirthplaceandfamilyandcreatinganewlifeinadifferentcultureandinadifferentlanguage.ThechildofItalianimmigrantsandanaward-winningscholarofItalianliterature,inthebookMyTwoItalies,JosephLuzzistruggledtocreateorfindhisownidentityfromanearlyage.Evenmoreproblematicforhimwas“which”Italyto“choose”,theoneheinheritedfromhisfamily,poorandlinkedtooldtraditionsandcustomshefindsrudeandsomewhatcruel,ortheonehefindsinliteratureandartbooksthatshowhimacountrywithamodernliteraryculture.ThechoicebecomesevensadderasinhisprofessionallifehebecomesascholarofItalianliteratureandculture.Hedescribesepisodesofhisyouththatshowtheclashbetweenthefirstandthesecondgenerationimmigrantsthatarebothfunnyandtragicomic(悲喜劇式的).Theseepisodeshigh-lightthedailycustomshisparentsbroughtfromtheirhometownthatareinconflictwithJoseph’sdesireto“fitin”theAmericanculture.Joseph’svisitstoItalyasastudentandthenasascholardeepenthedividebetweenhistwoItaliesandhighlighthisquestforidentity.Theauthor’spersonalchangesarefullofquotesandcommentsontheculturalandpoliticallandscapeofItaly.IfindthathisinsightsoncontemporaryItalianculturalandpoliticalphenomenaareparticularlyinteresting.Inthisbook,JosephtouchesorcommentsindepthaboutseveralissuesconcerningItalianlife,suchastherelationshipbetweendialectsandtheofficial“Italian”language,andtheSouthern“question”ortheuneasyinteractionbetweenNorthernandSouthernItalians.Ienjoyedreadingthisbook.Itispersonal,moving,educationalandentertaining.Ihopeyouwillenjoyittoo!24.Whyistheauthorinterestedinstoriesofimmigrants?A.HelefthisbirthplacetogotoAmerica.B.HewasachildofItalianimmigrants.C.HelivedinAmericaasanimmigrant.D.HelikestolearntheItalianlanguage.解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Storiesofimmigrantsattractmealot,especiallythelifestoriesofItalianswhohavecometoAmericasincethe1700s.IneachofthesestoriesIseeelementsofmyownstory,thatofleavingmybirthplaceandfamilyandcreatinganewlifeinadifferentcultureandinadifferentlanguage.”可知,移民的故事很吸引作者,尤其是自18世紀以來來到美國的意大利人的生活故事。在每個故事中,作者都看到了他自己故事的元素,那就是離開他的出生地和家庭,在不同的文化和語言中開始新的生活。由此可知,作者對移民的故事感興趣是因為他自己作為移民住在美國。故選C。答案:C25.WhichofthefollowingismoredifficultforJosephtodealwith?A.SeekingoutthetrueItalianwithinhimself.B.Inheritingtraditionsandcustomsfromhisfamily.C.Bridgingthegapbetweentherudeandmodernculture.D.Findingthecountrywithamodernliteracyculture.解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Evenmoreproblematicforhimwas‘which’Italyto‘choose’,theoneheinheritedfromhisfamily,poorandlinkedtooldtraditionsandcustomshefindsrudeandsomewhatcruel,ortheonehefindsinliteratureandartbooksthatshowhimacountrywithamodernliteraryculture.”可知,對他來說,更大的問題是“選擇”哪個意大利,是他從他的家庭繼承來的,貧窮且與他認為粗魯甚至有些殘忍的古老傳統(tǒng)和習俗有關(guān)的意大利,還是他從文學和藝術(shù)書籍中找到的,向他展示了一個擁有現(xiàn)代文學文化的國家。所以對約瑟夫來說更難處理的是尋找自己內(nèi)心真正的意大利人。故選A。答案:A26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“clash”meaninparagraph3?A.Interaction. B.Divide.C.Difference. D.Conflict.解析:詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線單詞下一句“TheseepisodeshighlightthedailycustomshisparentsbroughtfromtheirhometownthatareinconflictwithJoseph’sdesireto‘fitin’theAmericanculture.Joseph’svisitstoItalyasastudentandthenasascholardeepenthedividebetweenhistwoItaliesandhighlighthisquestforidentity.”可知,這些情節(jié)突出了他父母從家鄉(xiāng)帶來的日常習俗,這與約瑟夫“融入”美國文化的愿望相沖突。約瑟夫作為學生和學者訪問意大利加深了他的兩個意大利之間的分歧,并突出了他對身份的追求。畫線詞所在句子表示他描述了自己年輕時第一代和第二代移民之間的沖突,畫線詞的意思是“沖突;分歧”,和conflict意思相近。故選D。答案:D27.WhatcanwelearnfromJoseph’slife?A.HedevelopedthedesireoffittinginAmericancultureafterhisfirstvisittoItaly.B.DeepunderstandingofItaliancultureandpoliticshelpedhimsettleinnerchanges.C.Joseph’sparentshardlyrequiredhimtoinherittraditionalItaliancultureandcustoms.D.IssuesconcerningItalianlifehadapositiveimpactontherelationwithinhisfamily.解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Theauthor’spersonalchangesarefullofquotesandcommentsontheculturalandpoliticallandscapeofItaly.IfindthathisinsightsoncontemporaryItalianculturalandpoliticalphenomenaareparticularlyinteresting.”可知,約瑟夫的個人變化充滿了對意大利文化和政治局面的引用和評論。我發(fā)現(xiàn)他對當代意大利文化和政治現(xiàn)象的見解特別有趣。因此,對意大利文化和政治的深刻理解幫助約瑟夫解決了內(nèi)心的變化。故選B。答案:BCTherearemanydifferencesinwaysofthinkingbetweenEastandWest.Manyofthemarereflectedindailybehaviour.Inparticular,Chinesepeoplesometimesattachmoreimportancetotheirappearanceandsocialstatusthantotheirinnerqualities,whileWesternersthinktheopposite.However,Socrates(AncientGreekphilosopher)andConfuciussharesignificantsimilaritiesthatareuniversal.Bothphilosophersshareseveralteachingsincommon;forexample,theirunderstandingofthenatureofknowledgeandtheiropinionsoneducation.Socratesbelieved“Thereisonlyonethingthatisgood,knowledge;andonlyonethingthatisevil,ignorance.”Similarly,Confuciussaid,“Isn’titapleasuretostudyandpractisewhatyouhavelearned?”Butbothalsoacknowledgethelimitsofknowledge.Socratessaid,“AllIknowisthatIknownothing.”Similarly,Confuciussaid,“Whenyouknowathing,holdthatyouknowit;whenyoudon’tknowathing,allowyoudon’tknowit—thisisknowledge.”However,thereareimportantdifferencesintheirunderstandingofmorality.Confuciusbelievedeachpersonshouldfollowcertainregulationsaccordingtovirtue.Everyoneshouldplaytheirroleinasocietywherepeopleareinterdependentinordertoachieveharmonyinthewholesociety.Forinstance,whenaskedhowtogovernacountry,Confuciusstated,“Anemperorshouldactlikeanemperor,asubjectshouldactlikeasubject.”Socrates,however,placedself-knowledgeoversocialknowledge.Anotherdifferencebetweenthemistheirattitudetowardspoliticaldomination(支配).Confuciusbelievedthebestwaytogovernacountryisn’tthroughlegalsystems,butthroughvirtue.Socrates,bycontrast,declaredthat“nothingismoreimportantthanjustice”.WhyhaveEastandWestdevelopedsuchdifferentculturalvalues?AwidelyacceptedtheoryholdsthatEasterncivilisationwasanagriculturalcivilisation.Hencetheneedforacollectivesocietyandfriendlyrelationswithneighbourswasstrong.Westerncivilisation,however,wasnomadic(游牧的).Theirmobilitymakesthemlessdependentonsocietyaftermigration.Inspiteoftheirdifferences,thetwocultureshavemoreincommonthandifferences.ThesharedconcernformoralvaluesintheteachingsofSocratesandConfuciusalsoshowsusmorefundamentalsimilaritiesbetweenEasternandWesternculturesintheirpursuitofvirtuouslives.28.Whatdothetwophilosophersshareaboutknowledge?A.Thelearningofknowledgeiseasy.B.Thelearningofknowledgeisendless.C.Amanwithoutknowledgeisfoolish.D.Amanshallnotpretendtounderstand.解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的“Butbothalsoacknowledgethelimitsofknowledge.Socratessaid,‘AllIknowisthatIknownothing.’Similarly,Confuciussaid,‘Whenyouknowathing,holdthatyouknowit;whenyoudon’tknowathing,allowyoudon’tknowit—thisisknowledge.’”可知,兩者也都承認知識的局限性。蘇格拉底說:“我所知道的就是我一無所知。”孔子也說過:“知之為知之,不知為不知,是知也?！眱晌徽軐W家認為知識的學習是無止境的。故選B。答案:B29.WhichofthefollowingreflectsthethoughtsofConfuciusintermsofmorality?A.Nothingismoreimportantthanalegalsystem.B.IamnotaChinese,butacitizenoftheworld.C.Noteveryoneshouldplayhisownroleinsociety.D.Amandoeswhatispropertothepositionheisin.解析:推理判斷題。從第三段的“Everyoneshouldplaytheirroleinasocietywherepeopleareinterdependentinordertoachieveharmonyinthewholesociety.Forinstance,whenaskedhowtogovernacountry,Confuciusstated‘Anemperorshouldactlikeanemperor,asubjectshouldactlikeasubject.’”可知,每個人都應該在人與人相互依存的社會中發(fā)揮自己的作用,以實現(xiàn)整個社會的和諧。例如,當被問及如何治理一個國家時,孔子說:“皇帝應該像皇帝一樣,臣民應該像臣民一樣。”孔子的思想即“君君臣臣,父父子子”,每個人根據(jù)自己所處的位置扮演好自己的角色。D項“一個人會做與他所處的地位相稱的事。”符合題意。故選D。答案:D30.WhatistherootcauseofthedifferencesbetweenEasternandWesternculturalvalues?A.Thedifferenceinpoliticalatmosphere.B.Thedifferenceinthelengthofhistory.C.Thedifferenceineconomicdevelopment.D.Thedifferenceinlevelsofsocialdependency.解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“WhyhaveEastandWestdevelopedsuchdifferentculturalvalues?AwidelyacceptedtheoryholdsthatEasterncivilisationwasanagriculturalcivilisation.Hencetheneedforacollectivesocietyandfriendlyrelationswithneighbourswasstrong.Westerncivilisation,however,wasnomadic.Theirmobilitymakesthemlessdependentonsocietyaftermigration.”可知,為什么東西方發(fā)展出如此不同的文化價值觀?一個廣為接受的理論認為東方文明是一種農(nóng)業(yè)文明。因此,對集體社會和與鄰居建立友好關(guān)系的需求非常強烈。然而,西方文明是游牧文明。他們的流動性使他們在移民后對社會的依賴程度降低。所以東西方價值觀的差異最本質(zhì)的原因是社會依賴程度的不同。故選D。答案:D31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ReasonsforsimilaritiesofEasternandWesterncultures.B.Theintroductionofgreatfiguresoftwodifferentcultures.C.Comparisonsofthethoughtsofthetwogreatphilosophers.D.Thecontributionsoftwogreatphilosopherstocivilisation.解析:主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“TherearemanydifferencesinwaysofthinkingbetweenEastandWest.Manyofthemarereflectedindailybehaviour.”和“However,Socrates(AncientGreekphilosopher)andConfuciussharesignificantsimilaritiesthatareuniversal.”可知,東西方在思維方式上有許多不同之處。其中許多都反映在日常行為中。然而,蘇格拉底和孔子有許多普遍且重要的相似之處。再根據(jù)最后一段“Inspiteoftheirdifferences,thetwocultureshavemoreincommonthandifferences.ThesharedconcernformoralvaluesintheteachingsofSocratesandConfuciusalsoshowsusmorefundamentalsimilaritiesbetweenEasternandWesternculturesintheirpursuitofvirtuouslives.”可知,盡管存在差異,但這兩種文化的共同點多于不同點。蘇格拉底和孔子的教義中對道德價值的共同關(guān)注也向我們展示了東西方文化在追求美德生活方面的更多基本相似之處。綜合全文可知,本文主要在對比東西方兩位哲學家思想的不同與共同之處。故選C。答案:CDSometimeintheearly1960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbour.Then,oneafteranother,Sydneydiscoveredlotsofthingsthatwerejustsortofthere—broadparks,superbbeaches,andaculturallydiversepopulation.Butitistheharbourthatmakesthecity.AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellowinhisearly30s,pilotsSydneyferryboatsforaliving.Ispentthewholemorningshuttlingbackandforthacrosstheharbour.AfterourthirdrunAndrewshutdowntheengine,andwewentourseparateways—heforalunchbreak,Itoexplorethecity.“I’llmisstheseoldboats,”hesaidasweparted.“Whatdoyoumean?”Iasked.“Oh,they’rereplacingthemwithcatamarans.Catamaransarefaster,butthey’renotsogracefulandthey’renotfuntopilot.Butthat’sprogress,Iguess.”EverywhereinSydneythesedays,changeandprogressarethewatchwords(口號),andtraditionsareincreasinglyrare.ShirleyFitzgerald,thecity’sofficialhistorian,toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.“Sydneyisconfusedaboutitself,”shesaid.“Wecan’tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamoderncityoratraditionalone.It’saconflictthatwearen’tgettinganybetteratresolving(決定).”O(jiān)ntheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.IconsideredthiswhenImetathoughtfulyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony.“Manypeoplesaythatwelackcultureinthiscountry,”hetoldme.“WhatpeopleforgetisthattheItalians,whentheycametoAustralia,brought2,000yearsoftheirculture,theGreekssome3,000years,andtheChinesemorestill.We’vegotafoundationbuiltonancientculturesbutwithadriveanddynamismofayoungcountry.It’saprettyhardcombinationtobeat.”Heisright,butIcan’thelpwishingtheywouldkeepthoseoldferries.32.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A.Sydney’sstrikingarchitecture.B.TheculturaldiversityofSydney.C.Thecity’skeyliesinitsport.D.Sydney’stouristattractionsinthe1960s.解析:段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Sometimeintheearly1960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbour.Then,oneafteranother,Sydneydiscoveredlotsofthingsthatwerejustsortofthere—broadparks,superbbeaches,andaculturallydiversepopulation.Butitistheharbourthatmakesthecity.”可知,20世紀60年代初的某個時候,澳大利亞悉尼發(fā)生了一件大事。這座城市發(fā)現(xiàn)了它的港口。然后,一個接一個地,悉尼發(fā)現(xiàn)了很多本來就在那里的東西——廣闊的公園、美麗的海灘、文化多樣化的人口。但正是港口造就了這座城市。所以本段主要介紹了悉尼發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵是港口。故選C。答案:C33.WhatcanwelearnaboutAndrewReynolds?A.Hegoestoworkbyboat.B.Hepreferstheoldferry.C.Hepilotscatamaranswell.D.Helooksforwardtoanewlife.解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“I’llmisstheseoldboats(我會想念這些舊船的)”以及第五段中的“Catamaransarefaster,butthey’renotsogracefulandthey’renotfuntopilot.(雙體船更快,但它們不那么優(yōu)雅,駕駛起來也不好玩)”可知,渡船領(lǐng)航員安德魯·雷諾茲喜歡老式渡船。故選B。答案:B34.WhatdoesShirleyFitzgeraldthinkofSydney?A.Itseekstomoderniseratherthanpreservetradition.B.Itshouldspeedupitsdevelopment.C.Itshouldexpanditspopulation.D.Itisbecomingmoreinternational.解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“ShirleyFitzgerald,thecity’sofficialhistorian,toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.”可知,這座城市的官方歷史學家雪莉·菲茨杰拉德告訴作者,20世紀70年代,在這座城市迅速走向現(xiàn)代化的過程中,悉尼許多老建筑都被夷為平地,包括許多最精美的建筑。由此推知,雪莉·菲茨杰拉德認為悉尼快速追求現(xiàn)代化,正在失去它的傳統(tǒng)。故選A。答案:A35.Whichstatementistheauthorlikelytoagreewith?A.Acitybasedonancientculturesismoredynamic.B.Compromiseshouldbemadebetweenthelocalcultureandtheforeignculture.C.Modernityisusuallyachievedatthecostofelegance.D.Acitycanbeyoungandoldatthesametime.解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Ontheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.IconsideredthiswhenImetathoughtfulyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony.”可知,另一方面,同時既年輕又古老也有它的魅力。當作者遇到一位有思想的年輕商人安東尼時,他考慮到了這一點,以及最后一段中的“Heisright”可推知,作者贊同安東尼的觀點,認為一座城市可以同時既年輕又古老。故選D。答案:D第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TheageofspaceexplorationstartedonApril12,1961,whentheRussianastronautYuriGagarinbecamethefirsthumantojourneytoouterspace.Butwhydowegotoenvironmentsthataredangerousandevendeadlytohumans?Theanswerissimple.36.Inthisarticle,we’llreadthemajorfourbenefitsofspaceexploration.Promotetheprogressofmedicine37.Forexample,analysingtheeffectsofzero-gravity(零重力)onbloodflowhasledtomanydiscoveriesonhowtopreventsomeheartillnesses.Theexperimentsandmeasurementsofbonestrengthandbonelossinastronautshavehelpeddoctorsbetterunderstandbonediseases.DevelopnewtechnologiesThespaceracehasledtothemosttechnologicaladvancementsintheshortestperiodoftime.38.Forexample,therunningshoeswereoriginallydevelopedforastronauts.Weusetheminourday-to-dayliveswithoutevenknowingthatsomeNASAengineersoriginallydevelopedthemfortheApolloprogrammethattookhumankindtothemoon.StartspacetourismThebiggestdreamsomeofushaveisbeingabletotakeatriptoouterspace.However,itisstilltooexpensivetogotospace.Asreusablerocketsimprove,thecostsofthesetripswillbecomesignificantlylower.39.InspirethenextgenerationSpaceexplorationstimulatesthecuriosityofchildren.40.NotonlyisthisgoodforthemasSTEM(Science,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics)jobscansecurethemacomfortablefuture,butitalsohelpshumans.A.Technologieshaveadvancedconsiderably.B.Itgetsstudentsinterestedinscienceandtechnology.C.Hopefullyonedaythey’llbewithinthereachforallofus.D.Theseincludesteppingupcooperationinspaceexploration.E.Thebenefitsofspaceexplorationgobeyondthedangersofit.F.Studyingtheeffectsofspacetravelcanleadtosomemedicalbenefits.G.Throughouttheyears,companieshavefoundconsumerusesformanyofthesedevelopments.36.解析:根據(jù)空格前兩句“但我們?yōu)槭裁匆ツ切θ祟悂碚f危險甚至致命的環(huán)境呢?答案是簡單的?！焙涂崭窈笠痪洹霸谶@篇文章中,我們將閱讀太空探索的四大好處?！笨芍?空格處應該是在解釋為什么我們要去對人類來說危險甚至致命的環(huán)境。選項E“太空探索的好處超過了它的危險。”解釋了為什么我們要去探索太空,承上啟下,符合語境。故選E。答案:E37.解析:根據(jù)本段小標題“Promotetheprogressofmedicine”(推動醫(yī)學進步)可知,本段是在講太空探索對醫(yī)學的影響。選項F“研究太空旅行的影響可以帶來一些醫(yī)療好處?！闭f明了太空探索能帶來一些醫(yī)療好處,符合本段語境。故選F。答案:F38.解析:根據(jù)空格后一句“Forexample,therunningshoeswereoriginallydevelopedforastronauts.Weusetheminourday-to-dayliveswithoutevenknowingthatsomeNASAengineersoriginallydevelopedthemfortheApolloprogrammethattookhumankindtothemoon.”可知,例如,跑鞋最初是為宇航員開發(fā)的。我們在日常生活中使用它們,甚至不知道一些美國宇航局的工程師最初是為了將人類送上月球的阿波羅計劃而開發(fā)它們的。此處說明的是原本為宇航員開發(fā)的技術(shù)也應用到了普通人的生活中。G選項“多年來,公司已經(jīng)為這些研究成果找到了消費者的用途。”說明了一些公司為探索太空所帶來的技術(shù)找到了普通的消費者,承接上文,符合語境。故選G。答案:G39.解析:根據(jù)空格前一句“Asreusablerocketsimprove,thecostsofthesetripswillbecomesignificantlylower.”可知,隨著可重復使用火箭的改進,這些旅行的成本將大大降低。空格處應該說明這會帶來什么好處。選項C“有一天我們所有人都有望接觸到它們。”說明很有可能將來我們所有人都可以進行太空旅行,是太空旅行成本降低帶來的好處,承接上文,符合語境,故選C。答案:C40.解析:根據(jù)空格前一句“Spaceexplorationstimulatesthecuriosityofchildren.”可知,太空探索激發(fā)了孩子們的好奇心。此處是在講太空探索對孩子們的影響。B選項“它讓學生對科學技術(shù)感興趣?！闭f明了太空探索所激發(fā)的好奇心使學生對科學技術(shù)感興趣,也是太空探索對孩子們的影響,承接上文,符合語境。故選B。答案:B第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Forme,oneofthemostfascinatingaspectsofexploringdiverseculturesisobservinghowordinaryandsometimeseveninsignificantthingscan41fromplacetoplace.Thecoffeecultureisagreatexample.IlovesharingwithpeoplehowShanghaiisaperfect42formeformanyreasons,andcoffeeisoneofthem.

AfterIreturnedtoChinainSeptember2022tostudyatShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity,Isoondevelopeda(n)43withtwootherinternationalstudents.Duringthelunchbreak,wewouldhaveacupofcoffeeatthecampuscafeeveryday.Whatwe44wasthatpeopledidnotworkduringthatcoffeebreak;instead,they45savored(享受)theirconversationsovercoffee.So,forustoo,itfeltwrongtocontinueourstudiesatthecoffeeshopandtherebydisruptthe46.

Perhapsdrawnbythis47energy,morestudentsjoinedusdaybyday,andourgroupofthreebecameabigparty.Coffee48usaswegreetednewcomersandgotfamiliarwithotherlocalstudents.Ifeelthisishowthecoffeeculture49here—tomakepeoplealittlebithappier,andto50youupwhenyoufeelcold.

That’swhyIalwaysprefertogetmycoffee51insteadoforderingonline—forthesakeof52thegeneralmoodoftheplace.Itisnotsomething53;it’safeelingintheairthatmakesyouwanttocome,54itin,andbenourishedbythegoodenergy.It’slikeanupbeatsongfromyourchildhood—onceyou55it,youstartsmiling.

41.A.transform B.varyC.turn D.get解析:句意:對我來說,探索不同文化最迷人的一個方面是觀察普通的,有時甚至是微不足道的事情在不同的地方是如何不同的。transform轉(zhuǎn)變;vary不同,變化;turn轉(zhuǎn)動;get得到。根據(jù)“howordinaryandsometimeseveninsignificantthings”及“fromplacetoplace”可知,此處是指觀察平凡的事物在不同的地方是如何不同的。故選B。答案:B42.A.match B.instanceC.factor D.goal解析:句意:我喜歡和人們分享上海是多么適合我,原因有很多,咖啡就是其中之一。match相配的人(或物);instance事例;factor因素;goal目標。根據(jù)“formeformanyreasons,andcoffeeisoneofthem”可知,此處是指上海是多么適合我,咖啡就是其中之一的原因。故選A。答案:A43.A.assumption B.symbolC.procedure D.routine解析:句意:在我于2022年9月回到中國,在上海交通大學學習后,我很快就和另外兩個國際學生形成了一種習慣。assumption假設;symbol象征;procedure手續(xù);routine慣例。根據(jù)后文“Duringthelunchbreak,wewouldhaveacupofcoffeeatthecampuscafeeveryday.”可知,在午休時間,我們每天都會在校園咖啡館喝一杯咖啡。此處是指形成了一種習慣。故選D。答案:D44.A.confirmed B.noticedC.reminded D.attended解析:句意:我們注意到,人們在咖啡休息時間不工作;相反,他們只是邊喝咖啡邊享受聊天。confirm確認;notice注意到;remind提醒;attend出席。根據(jù)“wasthatpeopledidnotworkduringthatcoffeebreak”可知,此處是指注意到這種現(xiàn)象。故選B。答案:B45.A.narrowly B.consciouslyC.preciously D.purely解析:句意參見上題。narrowly剛好;consciously有意識地,清楚地;preciously昂貴地;purely僅僅。根據(jù)“peopledidnotworkduringthatcoffeebreak”及“savoredtheirconversationsovercoffee”可知,此處是指他們僅僅只是邊喝咖啡邊享受聊天。故選D。答案:D46.A.schedule B.atmosphereC.connection D.meaning解析:句意:所以,對我們來說,在咖啡館繼續(xù)學習,從而破壞了氣氛,感覺是不對的。schedule日程;atmosphere氛圍;connection聯(lián)系;meaning意義。根據(jù)“itfeltwrongtocontinueourstudiesatthecoffeeshopandtherebydisruptthe”可知,此處是指破壞咖啡館的氛圍是不對的。故選B。答案:B47.A.stubborn B.rewardingC.positive D.odd解析:句意:也許是受到這種正能量的吸引,越來越多的學生加入了我們,我們的三人小組變成了一個大聚會。stubborn固執(zhí)的;rewarding值得的,有意義的;positive積極的;odd古怪的。根據(jù)“morestudentsjoinedusdaybyday,andourgroupofthreebecameabigparty”可知,此處是指受到這種正能量的吸引。故選C。答案:C48.A.developed B.unitedC.amazed D.convinced解析:句意:咖啡讓我們團結(jié)起來,迎接新來者,并熟悉了其他當?shù)貙W生。develop發(fā)展;unite使……團結(jié);amaze使驚奇;convince使確信。根據(jù)“aswegreetednewcomersandgotfamiliarwithotherlocalstudents”可知,此處是指咖啡讓我們團結(jié)起來。故選B。答案:B49.A.functions B.operatesC.assists D.delivers解析:句意:我覺得這就是咖啡文化在這里的作用——讓人們更快樂一點,在你感到冷的時候讓你暖和起來。function起作用;operate運作;assist協(xié)助;deliver遞送。根據(jù)“tomakepeoplealittlebithappier”可知,此處是指咖啡文化在這里的作用。故選A。答案:A50.A.inspire B.warmC.cheer D.speed解析:句意參見上題。inspire激勵;warm使暖和;cheer歡呼;speed加速。根據(jù)“whenyoufeelcold”可知,此處是指在你感到冷的時候讓你暖和起來。故選B。答案:B51.A.indetail B.inpanicC.inperson D.inpeace解析:句意:這就是為什么我總是喜歡親自去買咖啡,而不是在網(wǎng)上訂購的原因——為了體驗這個地方的總體氛圍。indetail詳細地;inpanic慌亂地;inperson親自;inpeace和平地。根據(jù)“insteadoforderingonline”可知,此處是指親自去買咖啡。故選C。答案:C52.A.raising B.approachingC.experiencing D.discovering解析:句意參見上題。raise撫養(yǎng);approach臨近;experience體驗;discover發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“thegeneralmoodoftheplace”可知,此處是指體驗這個地方的總體氛圍。故選C。答案:C53.A.favourable B.suitableC.bearable D.touchable解析:句意:它不是可以觸摸到的東西;它是空氣中的一種感覺,讓你想要來,呼吸它,被良好的能量滋養(yǎng)。favourable有利的;suitable適合的;bearable可忍受的;touchable可觸碰的。根據(jù)“it’safeeling”可知,此處是指它不是可以觸摸到的東西。故選D。答案:D54.A.store B.breatheC.break D.settle解析:句意參見上題。store儲存;breathe呼吸;break打破;settle定居。根據(jù)“andbenourishedbythegoodenergy”和“it’safeelingintheair”可知,此處是指呼吸這種空氣。故選B。答案:B55.A.read B.smellC.hear D.taste解析:句意:它就像你童年時的一首歡快的歌——一旦你聽到它,你就會開始微笑。read閱讀;smell聞到;hear聽到;taste品嘗。根據(jù)“It’slikeanupbeatsongfromyourchildhood”可知,此處是指一旦聽到歌曲,你就會微笑。故選C。答案:C第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入一個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheAnalectsofConfucius(《論語》)recordsthewordsanddeedsoftheancientChinesephilosopherConfucius,56._____(write)somewherebetweentheSpringandAutumnPeriodandtheWarringStatesPeriodmorethan2,000yearsago.It57.(highlight)thepoliticalandmoralideasofConfuciusandConfucianism.RenisacoreconceptinthebookadoptedbyConfuciuswithoriginalmeaningoflovingothers.58.(represent)ahighmoralstandard,itincludesallvirtues.Confuciusstressesthatself-disciplineis59.mustforpractisingtherulesofpropriety(禮)andachievingren.Societyhasdevelopedgreatlyandhugechanges60.(occur)aswellafterthebirthofTheAnalectsofConfucius.Nevertheless,itcontainslotsofideasbeyondthepassageoftime,someof61.arestillrelevanttoday.Forexample,Confuciusanalysestherelationshipbetweenlearningandthinkingbysayingthatlearningwithoutthinkingleadstoconfusionwhilethinkingwithoutlearningendsinpuzzlement.Besides,TheAnalectsofConfuciusalso62.(vivid)showstheimagesofConfucius’sstudents.ZiLuisstraight-forward,ZiGongissmart,andYanHuiismildandcapable.Confuciusinsistedontreatingstudents63.individualstoachievetheirfullpotential,whichis64.(consist)withsomeofthemoderneducationalthoughts.TheAnalectsofConfuciusisafineexampleofworldliterature,andthepublicationofits65.(version)invariouslanguageswillfurtherenhanceculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandtheworld.56.解析:句意:編寫于2000多年前的春秋戰(zhàn)國時期的《論語》記載了中國古代哲學家孔子的言行。分析句子可知,空處作TheAnalectsofConfucius的非限制性定語,write“編寫”和TheAnalectsofConfucius是邏輯上的被動關(guān)系,且動作已完成,應用write的過去分詞形式。故填written。答案:written57.解析:句意:它突出了孔子和儒學的政治和道德思想。分析句子可知,空處作句子的謂語,此處在描述一般性的事實,時態(tài)應用一般現(xiàn)在時,主語是It,highlight“突出”應用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填highlights。答案:highlights58.解析:句意:它代表著崇高的道德標準,包括所有的美德。分析句子可知,句子主干成分完整,空處作句子的狀語,對it作補