2021-2022學(xué)年湖南省長沙市雨花區(qū)某中學(xué)高三（上）月考英語試卷（三）（附答案詳解）

202L2022學(xué)年湖南省長沙市雨花區(qū)雅禮中學(xué)高三（上）月考英

語試卷（三）

DearRetainers（保持器），

Ithoughtyouweresupposedtobekeepingmyteethstraightwiththebenefitofnobraces（牙箍）!YctI

wakeupeverymorningtoseethatmyoverbiteisslowlycomingbackandtherowsofteetharen'taligned

（使對齊）.NowIdon'tthinkyou'reevenhelpingmeanymore.DoyouhaveanyideawhatIwentthrough

togetyou?

Firstofall,Iwasted（wopreciousyearsofmylifewaitingforyourarrival.Thosebracesweremurderon

myteeth.Youdidn'texperiencethepainIhadtogothrough!Almosteveryweek?Ireplacedmyold

wires.Bygettingbraces,Ihadthe"wonderful"opportunitytochoosefromawidevarietyofsoups.Fortwo

years>104weeks,soupbecamemorethan90percentofmydiet.

Iwilladmitthatyoukeptmyteethinorderforafewmonths.However,recentlyIthinkyou'resnoozing

（打盹）onthejob.Afterbrushingniyteethandslippingyouon,Iseethatyoudon'tevenfitcorrectly

overmyteethanymore.Duringsomenights,youdon'tevenslayon（hewholetime.Iwakeupsomedays

andfecinothinginmymouth.ThenIhavetotakemoretimetoihoroughlysearchmybedtoseewhere

you'vehiddenyoursclf.Doyourealizehowfrustrated1am?

Don'tevengetmestartedonhowyouaffectmylanguage.IfIweretosaythissentence"Canyoupassme

（hebouleofwater?"itwouldcomeoutsoundinglike"Kenyoupeihme-thcballofwudu?"NowIdon't

evenattemptsayingwordslike"rewind""reconnect""replay"oranythingelsethatstartswith"re".In

general,youstealmyabilitytotalkefficiently.TheridiculeIgetfrommyfriendsisalmostunbearable.

YouhadbettershapeuporI'llhavetoreplaceyouwithsomethingbelter.

Hana

1.WhatisHana'spurposeinwritingtheletter?

A.Toexpressherdissatisfaction.

B.Toseekhelpfromherdentist.

C.Todescribeherinterestingexperiences.

D.Toexplaintheprocessofstraighteningherteeth.

2.Wha（makesHanaannoyedalnight?

A.Herretainershurther.

B.Herretainersaffectherdiet.

C.Shehaslobrushherretainers.

D.Shehastolookforherretainers.

3.WhydoHana'sfriendslaughather?

A.Becauseofheruglyface.

B.BecauseofherpoorEnglish.

C.Becauseofherlimitedunderstanding.

D.Becauseofherincorrectpronunciation.

B

ElianaYidreamedofpursuingpianoperformanceincollege,nevermindthatherfingerscouldbarely

reachthelengthofanoctave.UnabletofullyplaymanyworksbyRomantic-eracomposersincluding

BeethovenandBrahms,shetriedanyway—andinherdeterminaliontospendhourspracticingaChopin

concerto,woundupinjuringherself.

TheeffortsofProfessorCarolLeonefromtheSouthernMethodistUniversity(SMU)arechangingall

that:twentyyearsago.theschoolbecamethefirstmajoruniversityintheU.S.lointroducesmaller

keyboardsintoitsmusicprogram,levelingtheplayingfieldforYiandotherpianomtyors.

Yi,21,triedoneofthesmallerkeyboards,"Irememberbeingreallyexcited,becausemyhandscould

actuallyreachandplayalltherightnotes,"shesaid.

Fordecades,fewquestionedthesizeofthetradilionalpiano.Forthosewithsmallhandspans,it's

difficulttoproperlyplaymanyworksofBeethovenandBrahms.Thosewhoattempttoplaythemeither

getusedtoskippingnotesorriskinjurywithrepeatedplay.Leoneisfamiliarwithsuchchallenges.Born

intoafamilyofmusicians,shefavoredclassicalmusicandpursuedpianodespitehersmallhandspanand

earnedadegreeasadoctorinmusicalarts.

Theideaofsmallerkeyboardsfirstmetresistancefromsometraditionalists.Leonealsosaidthatwhen

sheraisedtheissuewithoneVienneseprofessor,hetoldhertherewerealreadytoomanypianistsanyway.

Thoughsuchresistanceisfading,therearesomeverytraditionalpeoplewhothinkofpianoasa

competitivething.Leonesaid.'Thisisart,it'snotsport.It'saboutmakingasmuchbeautifulartaspossible,

andweshouldgiveeverybodytheopportunitytodothat."

4.WhydidElianaYifindithardtoplayaChopinconcerotowell?

A.Herfingersgotinjured.

B.Itwastime-consuming.

C.Herhandspansweresmall.

D.Thetraditionalpianowasoutoftune.

5.Wha(isparagraph4intendedtodo?

A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.

B.Providesomeadviceforpianists.

C.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.

D.Addsomebackgroundinformation.

6.WhatistheVienneseprofessor'sattitudetowardssmallerkeyboards?

A.Unclear.B.Objective.C.Disapproving.D.Positive.

7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.AHard-workingSMUProfessor.

B.TheStoryBehindSmallerKeyboardPianos.

C.TraditionalPiano：ACompetitiveThing.

D.Yi'sRoadtoaBrilliantArtist.

c

KayabukinoSato,asmallvillageinKyotofamousforitstraditionalthatched(茅草的)roofhouses,

featuresahiddensprinkler(灑水器)systemthatturnsthewholeplaceintoawaterfountain.

KnownasMiyama'sThatchedVillage,KayabukinoSatohasahigherpercentageofthatchedroof

farmhouses(hananyotherplaceinJapan.Thismakesitverypopularwithtouriststwholovewalking

amongtheover40traditionalthatchedroofhousesandevenspendingthenightinoneofthem,butitis

alsoeasyforthehousestocatchfire.Localofficialsrealizedthisintheyear2()(X),whenafireburneddown

thearchive(檔案)centre,soapartfromaskingpeopletobealertatalltime,theydecidedtoinstalla

specialsprinklersystemtocoverthewholevillage.Theytestittwiceayear,usuallyinMayandDecember,

andpeoplefromalloverJapanandbeyondcometoseethepowerfulsprinklersinaction.

YoumightthinkthatdozensofautomatedsprinklersdottingatraditionalJapanesevillagewouldbean,

andyouwouldberight.ThaliswhylocalauthoritiesdecidedtomaintainthepicturesquelookofKayabuki

noSatobyhidingthe62metalsprinklersinsmallwoodenhousessimilartotheauthenticoncs.Whcnthe

systemisactivated,theroofsofthesehousesopenupliketinytransformers,clearingthewayfor

sprinklersinsidetoshootjetsofwaterhighintothesky.

Thetestingof(hesprinklersystemissuchanimpressiveeventthatithasbecomeknownastheKayabuki

noSatowaterhosefestival.Strcngjetsofwaterareshotintotheairbyall62strategically-placedsprinklers,

atthesametime,tocoverallthethatchedroofhouses.Andifthatisn'tanimpressiveenoughsight,on

sunnydays,thesprinklersalsocicalcrainbowsoverthevillage.

Soifyou'reeverinKyotoduringthemonthsofMayandDecemberandwanttoseesomethingtruly

unique,headovertoKayabukinoSato,intheMiyamaruralarea,forthewaterhosefestival.Youwon't

regretit!

8.WhatdoweknowaboutKayabukinoSatofromthepassage?

A.Itisfamousforitswaterfountain.

B.Itsarchivecenterwasoncedestroyedbyfloods.

C.Visitorsgotheremainlytoseeitssprinklersystem.

D.IthasthehighestpercentageofthatchedrooffarmhousesinJapan.

9.Whatdocstheunderlinedword"eyesore"inthethirdparagraphreferto?

A.Anunpleasantsight.B.Acreativeidea.

C.Anattractivespot.D.Adangeroussituation.

10.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Thesprinklersarctestedonceeveryyear.

B.Thesprinklersystemwasinstalledtocreaterainbows.

C.Thesprinklersarekeptinsmallwoodenhousesresemblingrealones.

D.Theroofsofthefarmhousesopenwhenthesprinklersystemisstarted.

11.Whatisthelastparagraphbutonemainlyabout?

A.Howthesprinklersystemworks.

B.WhattheKayabukinoSatowaterhosefestivalislike.

C.TheoriginoftheKayabukinoSatowaterhosefestival.

D.TheinfluenceoftheKayabukinoSatowalerhosefestival.

D

Long-windedspeechcouldbeanearlysignofAlzheimer's（老年癡呆癥）disease,accordingtoresearch

（hatsuggestsslightchangesinspeechstyleoccuryearsbeforethemoreseriousmentaldeclinetakeshold.

SpeakingattheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScienceinBoston，JanelCohenSherman,

clinicaldirectorofthePsychologyAssessmentCenteratMassachusettsGeneralHospital,listednew

findingsthatrevealeddistinctivelanguageproblemsinpeoplewithmildcognitiveimpairment（MCD）

（認知障礙）."Manyofthestudiessofarhavelookedatchangesinmemory,butwealsoknowchanges

occurinlanguage?"shesaid.ShermancitesstudiesofthevocabularyinIrisMurdoch'slaterworks,which

showedsignsofAlzheimer'syearsbeforeherdiagnosis.Anotherstudy,basedonWhiteHousepress

conferencetranscripts,foundstrikingchangesinRonaldReagan'sspeechoverthecourseofhis

presidency,whileGeorgeHWBush,whowasasimilaragewhenpresident,showednosuchdecline.

"RonaldReaganstartedtohaveadeclineinthenumberofuniquewordswithrepetitionsofstatements

overtime,"saidSherman."Hestartedusingmorefillers,moreemptyphrases,like*thing',or

"something',orthingslike'basically'or'actually'orwell'."

Shermanandhercolleagueshadinitiallysetouttotestthe"regressionhypothesis（退化假設(shè)）",theidea

thatlanguageislostinareversedirectiontohowitwasacquiredduringchildhood?withlonganddifficult

vocabularybeingthefirstthingtogo.Thehypothesisturnedouttobewrong,buttheteamdidfindthat

Alzheimer'sisaccompaniedbycharacteristiclanguageproblems.Inastudy,thescientistscomparedthe

languageabilitiesof22healthyyoungindividuals,24healthyolderindividualsand22peoplewithMCI.

Whengivenanexerciseinwhichtheyhadtojoinupthreewords?forinstance"pen""ink"and"paper",

thehealthyvolunteerstypicallyjoinedthethreeinasimplesentence,whiletheMCIgroupgavemore

complexaccountsofgoingtotheshopandbuyingapen."Thesentencestheyproducedweremuchlonger,

theyhadahardtimestayingorpointandIguessyoucouldsaytheyweremuchmoreroundaboutin

gettingtheirpointacross,"saidSherman."Itwasaverysignificantdifference."

TheprospectofaneffectivetreatmentforAlzheimer'shashadknockbacks(打擊)thepastyearasdrugs

haveeachbeenshowntomakenodifferencetotherateofcognitivedeclineintrials.Between2(X)2and

2012?99.6%ofdrugsstudiesaimedatpreventing,curingorimprovingAlzheimer'ssymptomswere

discontinued.

Somebelievethatthesefailuresmaybe,inpart,becausebythetimeAlzheimer'sisdiagnosed,thedisease

hasalreadycausedirreparabledamagetothebrain,makingittoolatefortreatmenttohelp."Soweare

tryingtopushthedetectionperiodbacktotheveryslight,earlychangesinAlzheimer'sdisease."said

Sherman.

12.Wha(didJanelCohenShermanandherteamfindintheirresearch?

A.Mildcognitiveimpairmentiscausedbyfailinglanguageabilitiesinmostcases.

B.Memorydeclineisarr.ajorsignofAlzheimer'sandshouldbepaidattentionto.

C.PeoplewithAlzheimer'smayshowachangeinspeechstyleatanearlystage.

D.PeoplecanavoidMCIbymakinglong-windedspeechshortandmeaningful.

13.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutRonaldReagan?

A.HemademorepowerfulspeechesthanGeorgeHWBush.

R.Hereliedonemptyphrasestoavoidanypotentialconflict.

C.Heusedmoreinaccuratewordsinspeechovertimewhenpresident.

D.Hehadadeclineinthenumberofrepetitionsofstatementsinhislaterlife.

14.WhatcanbeconcludedfromtheMCIgroup'sperformanceintheword-joiningexercise?

A.Theyhaddifficultyinmakingcleartheirmeaningbriefly.

B.Theyfailedtotellthedifferencebetweendifferentaccounts.

C.Theywouldliketoaskihciraudienceloguesswhattheyinuanl.

D.Theytendedtothinkalotbeforecomingupwithasuitablesentence.

15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Mostpreviousdrugsarenolongeronthemarketbecauseoftheirsideeffects.

B.ThefindingsofSherman'sresearchmayleadloeffectivetreatmentofAlzheimer's.

C.The"regressionhypothesis"provedtobepartiallytrue,especiallywithMCIpeople.

D.Mentaldeclinedoesn'talwayshappenbeforepeoplearediagnosedwithAlzheimer's.

Jonesfellinlovewithflyingaftergoingoutinhisuncle'ssmallairplane.Headoreditsomuchthathe'd

plannedtobecomeapilotwhenhegrewup.Buthishopesweredashedwhenhewasdiagnosedwith

epilepsy(癲癇)atage12.(I)Yearslater,afterskydivingwithaninstructorinEurope,hewentcrazy

aboutthesport.Free-fallingthroughtheskywasexciting,almostlikeflying.Hewashookedonit.(2)But

Joneshadn'thadaseizure(發(fā)作)inmorethansixyears?sohisdoctorgavehimaletterstatingthathe

wasfittosignupforlessons.

(3)Otherstaffersagrccd.Sotoday,atlast,he'sabouttostepoutofanairplanebyhimself.Alltold,the

jumpshouldtakeabouttwominutes,fromleavingtheshelteroftheairplanetolandingontheground

some12,000feet,ortwomiles,below.Thisishowitgoes：AsJonespreparestojump,hemissteps

andnearlyslipsoutoftheairplane.That'sabitmessy,thinksinstructorMcFarlane,thoughthiskindof

mistakeisnotunusualforfirsttimers.(4)HeshoutstoMcFarlane,"Up!Down!Hardarch!"whichmeans

"Ready,set.go!"andjumpsoutoftheairplane.JumpingjustsecondsbehindJones,McFarlanereaches

himandisrelievedtoseethathehasrecoveredfromhisclumsyexitandisfree-fallingin(heperfect"box

man"position：bellyto(heground,hisbodyarchesupwardwitharmsandlegsspreadfbrstabilityand

control.(5)Heflashesathumbs-up.

A.Sofar,sogood,thinksMcFarlane.

B."Astarpupil,"oneoftheinstructorscalledJones.

C.Asarule,epilepticsaren'tallowedtoskydivealone.

D.Jonescontinuestofall,spinninghelplesslyonhisback.

E.Still,McFarlanedecidestodiveagaintotrytoreachJones.

F.Jonesimmediatelycatcheshisbalanceandarcheshisbackintothejumpposition.

G.Doctorstoldhimthathisconditionwouldpreventhimfromeverobtainingapilot'slicense.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

MymotherandIaremakingspringrollsinherkitchen.Thisismyfavorite⑵)fromhernativeVietnam,

andwe'vebeenmakingthemtogethersinceIwasachild.Assheworks,shesingsasonginVietnamese.As

usual,Idon't(22)aword.ThesongremindsmeofanotheronesheusedtosingwhenIwasachild.Ibegged

hertosingitoverandover,but1(23)askedherwhatthewordsmeant.

Mymotherwas(24)tobecomeanAmerican.Exceptformakingspringrolls,sheactedlikeatypical

AmericanandinsistedthatwcshouldspeakonlyEnglishathome.Ididn'trealizethenthatshewas(25)me

havinganopportunitytolearnVietnamese,andthustobc(26)tomyroots.Asachild,1didn'tcareto(27)

mymotherbetter.Shetookcareofme,andthatwas(28).Asanadult,Ican'tknowherwellenough.(29)

herstillheavilyaccentedEnglish,mymotheroftenseemstosummarizeher(30)>editingoutthingsthat

aretoodifficulttosay.WhenIaskwhyshedidn'tspeakVietnamesetomewhenIwasyoung,shesays?

“"Whv⑶)?You'reAmerican!M

Yes,bu(Iamalsohalf-Vietnamese.Withoutthe(32)>IamstronglyawarethatIamonlyhalf-neverany

more.Lately?I'vebeenaskingmymothertotranslatephrasesintoVietnamesesoIcan(33)them.

Backinherkitchen,ourfirstbatch(爐)ofspringrollsis(34)."Countthem,"mymothercommands,

"soIknowhowmanymore(omake."Ishakemyheadandask,"CanyoudoitinVietnamese?"She

smilesand(35)."Mt.hai,ba.bon..."Withthat,wearebackwherewebegan.

21.A.songB.pictureC.treatD.gift

22.A.writeB.understandC.missD.believe

23.A.alwaysB.alreadyC.everD.never

24.A.determinedB.embarrassedC.scaredD.confused

25.A.preventingB.protectingC.imaginingD.minding

26.A.sentB.comparedC.connectedD.added

27.A.helpB.describeC.thankD.know

28.A.allB.hardC.trueD.cool.

29.A.Trj-ingoutB.ReferringtoC.RelyingonD.Laughingat

30.A.strengthsB.thoughtsC.courseD.life

31.A.continueB.botherC.fightD.hesitate

32.A.goalB.approvalC.languageD.knowledge

33.A.acceptB.discussC.guessD.learn

34.A.soldB.doneC.eatenD.damaged

35.A.leavesB.turnsC.stopsD.agrees

36.Lonelyandsinglemiddle-agedmenareatanincreasedriskofdevelopingcancerthanthoseina

relationshipwithpeoplearoundthem,accordingtoanewstudy.

AteamfromtheUniversityofEasternFinlandworkedwith2,570middle-agedmen,monitoring

their(1)(healthy)andmortality(死亡率)from(2)1980stothepresentday.Overthecourse

ofthestudy25%ofparticipantshaddevelopedcancer,with11%oftheFinnishmeninvolved(3)

(die)fromthecondition.

Therewasa'clearlink'betweenlonelinessandanincreasedriskofcancer,theteamexplained,

withbeinglonelyincreasingtheriskofcancer(4)abouttenpercent.(5)(global),canceristhe

secondleadingcauseofdeath.Lonelinesshasbeensuggestedasariskfactorforcancer

mortality.However,connectionsbetweenloneliness,socialisolationandcancer(6)(understand)

poorly.

Recent(7)(study)havesuggestedthatlonelinesscouldbeassignificantahealthriskassmoking

orbeingoverweight,accordingtotheresearchers.Theirfindingssupporttheidea(8)attentionshould

bepaidtothisissue.Inaddition,cancermortalitywasmuch(9)(high)incancerpatientswhowere

unmarried,widowedordivorced.

Awarenessofthehealtheffectsoflonelinessisconstantlyincrcasing.Thcrcforc,itisimportantto

examine,inmoredetail,themechanisms(機制)by(10)lonelinesscausesharmfulhealtheffects.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

37.Kariecheckedthewordsonherspellinglestagain.Ifshegotfullmarkstoday,she'dwinherclass1

First-QuarterSpellingChallengeandabrand-newdictionary.Plus,Ms.McCormackhadpromisedto

doahandstandifanyonegotaperfectscore.

Threemorewordstogo.N-i-c-e-l-y.Q-u-i-c-k-l-y.H-O-n-e-s-(-y.Wait!Shouldspelledhonestly,not

honesty.Shehurriedlyerasedthet-yandwrotel-ybeforehandinginherpaper.

Ms.McCormackgraded(hetestpapersatthebreak.Meanwhile,Kariesatrestlesslyinherseatwith

herfingerscrossed.Then,Ms.McCormackwalkedtothefrontoftheroomandclearedherthroat.As

ifshewereanOlympicgymnast?Ms.McCormack'sfeetflipped(空Ml)intotheair.

"Congratulations!Karie!Youdidit!"sheannouncedwhileupsidedown.

Thewholeclassburstintoapplause!Ms.McCormackrightedherselfandpresentedKariewithher

prize.Kariegrinnedassheread(helabelon(hebox：ToKarieCarter,forherperfectfirst-quarter

scoreinspelling.

"EverythingOK?”MomaskedasKarieburstthroughthefrontdoorafterschool.Kariedidn't

answer.Asifbymagic,shetookoutherspelling(es(paperandprizeandshowedthemtoher

mother.Momhuggedher,askinghertoputthetestpaperonthefridgesothatDadcouldseeitwhen

hegothome.

Karietookanotherlookatthetestpaperbeforeputtingitonthefridge.Herhandsstoppedin

midair.Shejustcouldn'tbelieveherowneyes.Honesly?YES!H-O-N-E-S-L-Y

Momsensedsomethingunusualandaskedwhy.Kariestuffedihetestpaperintobackpackand

explainedthatshewasjusttooexcited.Mombroughthersometea.Yes,a"t"isexactlywhatshe

needed.

Afterdrinkingalittle,Karieplodded(重步走)downthehalLlostinthought.Howcouldshetell

theclassshehadn'tearnedtheprizeafterall?ThatMs.McCormackdidthehandstandfornothing?

注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

LaterDadcameinwithexcitement.

Thenextmorning,Kariewenttoschoolearlierthanusual.

(I)

⑵

答案和解析

1?3.【答案】A、D、D

【解析】（1）A.推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是開篇的兩句Ithoughtyouweresupposedtobekeeping

myteethstraightwith（hebenefitofnobraces（牙箍）!YetIwakeupeverymorningtoseethatmy

overbiteisslowlycomingbackandtherowsofteetharen'taligned.（我還以為你不用牙套就能讓我的

牙齒保持直的呢!然而，每天早上醒來，我都會發(fā)現(xiàn)我的過度咬合恢復(fù)緩慢，牙齒排列不齊）可推

知，作者寫這封信的目的就是表達對她的牙齒保持器的不滿。因此，Hana寫這封信的目的是A項

"Toexpressherdissatisfaction.（表達她的不滿）”符合題意.故選A項。

（2）D.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句ThenIhavetotakemoretimetothoroughlysearchmybed

（oseewhereyou'vehiddenyourself.DoyourealizehowfrustratedIam?（然后我得花更多的時間徹

底搜查我的床，看看你把自己藏在哪里了。你知道我有多沮喪嗎？）可知，她晚上醒來在床上到

處尋找保持器，這讓她很生氣。因此，讓Hana在晚上生氣的是D項"Shehastolookforherretainers.

（她不得不找保持器）”符合題意。故選D項。

（3）D.細節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合上文以及倒數(shù)第二段的最后兩句Ingeneral,youstealmyabilitytotalk

efficiently.TheridiculeIgetfrommyfriendsisalmostunbearable.（總的來說，你偷走了我說話的效

率。朋友們對我的嘲笑幾乎讓我無法忍受。）可知，作者被朋友嘲笑是因為自己的發(fā)音不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

因此，Hana的朋友嘲笑她的原因是D項"Becauseofherincorrecipronunciation.（因為她的發(fā)音不

準(zhǔn)確）”符合題意。故選D項。

這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文作者以書信的形式表達了對自己的牙齒保持器的不滿。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語

句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

4?7.【答案】C^D、C、B

【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了為了給鋼琴專業(yè)的學(xué)生提供了公平的競

爭環(huán)境，一位教授引入了更小的鋼琴琴鍵，文章介紹了不同的人對此的不同看法和態(tài)度。

1.根據(jù)第一段ElianaYidreamedof'pursuingpiano…woundupinjuringherself.（ElianaYi夢想著“在

大學(xué)里追求鋼琴演奏，盡管她的手指還不到一個八度?！彼裏o法完全演奏浪漫時期作曲家的許多

作品，包括貝多芬和勃拉姆斯，但她還是嘗試了一一她決心花幾個小時練習(xí)肖邦的協(xié)奏曲，結(jié)果

傷了自己）可知，ElianaYi覺得很難把肖邦協(xié)奏曲演奏好是因為她的手跨度小。故選C。

2.

根據(jù)第四段Fordecades,fewquestionedthesizeofthetraditionalpiano.,?,despitehersmallhandspan

andearnedadegreeasadoctorinmusicalarts.（幾十年來，很少有人質(zhì)疑傳統(tǒng)鋼琴的尺寸。對于那

些手跨度小的人來說，很難正確地演奏貝多芬和勃拉姆斯的許多作品。那些嘗試彈奏的人要么習(xí)

慣了跳過音符，要么冒著受傷的風(fēng)險反復(fù)玩。Leone對這些挑戰(zhàn)很熟悉。她出生在一個音樂家的

家庭，雖然她的手很小，但她喜歡古典音樂，并追求鋼琴，獲得了音樂藝術(shù)博士學(xué)位）可推知，

第4段的目的是添加一些背景信息。故選D。

3.

根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中Leonealsosaid（hatwhensheraisedtheissuewithoneVienneseprofessor,hetold

hertherewerealreadytoomanypianistsanyway.（Leone還說，當(dāng)她向一位維也納教授提出這個問題

時，他告訴她，反正鋼琴家已經(jīng)太多了）以及最后一段中Thoughsuchresistanceisfading,thereare

someverytraditionalpeoplewhothinkofpianoasacompetitivething.（盡管這種抵制正在消退,但仍

有一些非常傳統(tǒng)的人認為鋼琴是一種競爭性的東西）可推知，這位維也納教授不支持小琴鍵。故

選C。

4.

根據(jù)第二段（南衛(wèi)理公會大學(xué)（簡稱SMU）的CarolLeone教授的努力正在改變這一切：20年前，

這所大學(xué)成為美國第一所將更小的琴鍵引入其音樂課程的主要大學(xué)，為Yi和其他鋼琴專心的學(xué)生

提供了公平的競爭環(huán)境）結(jié)合鋼琴專業(yè)的學(xué)生提供了公平的競爭環(huán)境可知，B選項“小琴鍵鋼琴

的故事”最符合文章標(biāo)題。改選B。

8?1L【答案】D、A、C、B

【解析】（1）D.推理判斷題。由第二段的第一句KnownasMiyama'sThatchedVillage,Kayabukino

SalohasahigherpurcunliiguofllialchcdrooffamihoususihananyotherplaceinJapan.（被稱為“二山

茅草村”的佐藤谷武紀(jì)是日本茅草屋頂農(nóng)舍比例最高的地區(qū)，）可知它擁有全日本最高比例的茅草

屋頂農(nóng)舍。故選D。

（2）A.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段

YoumightthinkthatdozensofautomatedsprinklersdottingatraditionalJapanesevillagewouldbean_

_,andyouwouldberight.Thatiswhylocalauthoritiesdecidedtomaintainthepicturesquelookof

KayabukinoSatobyhidingthe62metalsprinklersinsmallwoodenhousessimilartotheauthenticones.

（你可能會認為，在日本傳統(tǒng)村莊里點綴著數(shù)十個自動灑水相會讓人眼花繚亂，你是對的。這就

是為什么當(dāng)?shù)卣疀Q定把62個金屬灑水器藏在與真房子相似的小木屋里，以保持佐藤Kayabukino

Sato風(fēng)景如畫的樣子。）解釋了為什么要把這些自動化的噴水器隱藏在一些仿真的小木屋里，就

是為了不破壞風(fēng)景如畫的茅草屋面貌，所以可以推測出"aneyesore”是與后文的"picluresquMook"

相悖的含義的詞。eyesore意為"丑陋的地方,礙眼的東西二A.Anunpleasantsight不愉快的景象;

B.Acreativeidea一個創(chuàng)意；C.Anattractivespot一個吸引人的地方；D.Adangeroussituation危險的

情況。故選A。

（3）C.推理判斷題。由第三段的Thatiswhylocalauthoritiesdecidedtomaintainthepicturesquelook

ofKayabukinoSatobyhidingthe62metalsprinklersinsmallwoodenhousessimilar（otheauthentic

ones.（這就是為什么當(dāng)?shù)卣疀Q定把62個金屬灑水器藏在與真房子相似的小木屋里，以俁持佐藤

KayabukinoSato風(fēng)景如畫的樣子）可知C項為正確答案。A項答案錯在once,應(yīng)改為twice（由

第二段中的"Theytestittwiceayear,usuallyinMayandDecember"可知）：噴水器的安裝目的是為

了滅火，而非創(chuàng)造彩虹，所以B選項錯了；當(dāng)噴水系統(tǒng)被激活時，是那些仿真的小木屋的屋頂會

像變形金剛一樣打開，而非茅草屋的屋頂，所以D選項是錯的。故選C。

（4）B.段落大意題。thelastparagraphbutone是指倒數(shù)第二段。倒數(shù)第二段主要是介紹了檢測噴

水系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)成為了KayabukinoSato的一件盛事，并被定為waterhosefestival這個節(jié)日。此段的主

題主要是在介紹walerhosefestival是什么樣子的，而非在其起源和影響上，故C,D選項不對。

故選Bo

本文是說明文，介紹了位于口本京都的一個茅草屋村莊KayabukinoSato（美山町的小鄉(xiāng)村），因

其傳統(tǒng)的茅草屋頂房子而出名，當(dāng)?shù)卣疄榱朔阑?，安裝了自動噴水滅火系統(tǒng)，除了參觀風(fēng)景如

畫的傳統(tǒng)茅草屋外,另外深受游客歡迎的還有他們的消防演習(xí),即waterhosefestival,進行放水

訓(xùn)練，每次演習(xí)都吸引不少人游客來參觀。

做題時要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項做出正確的選擇。

12?15.【答案】C、C、A、B

［解析］（1）C.細節(jié)理解題>根據(jù)第二段SpeakingattheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancement

ofScienceinBoston,JanetCohenSherman,clinicaldirectorofthePsychologyAssessmentCenterat

MassachusettsGeneralHospital,listednewfindingsthatrevealeddistinctivelanguageproblemsinpeople

withmildcognitiveimpairment（MCI）.（在波士頓舉行的美國科學(xué)促進會上，馬薩諸塞州總醫(yī)院

心理評估中心的臨床主任珍妮特?科恩?謝爾曼列舉了一些新發(fā)現(xiàn)，揭示了輕度認知障礙患者的獨

特語言問題。）以及第三段"Manyofthestudiessofarhavelookedalchangesinmemory,butwealso

knowchangesoccurinlanguage"?shesaid