2020-2021學(xué)年湖北省武漢市新洲某中學(xué)高二（下）月考英語試卷（3月份）（附答案詳解）

2020?2021學(xué)年湖北省武漢市新洲一中高二（下）月考英

語試卷（3月份）

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）

A

WeknowthatSt.Patrick'sDayfestivitiesmayincludealittlebitcfdrinking.Butthereare

plentyofkid-safeSt.Patrick'sDayeventsaroundmetroPhoenixjoo.Herearethelucky

St.Patrick'sDaycelebrationsforkids.

3/17：LuckySt.Patrick'sDayCupcakes

KidscanmaketheirowntreatsattheChildren'sMuseumofPhoenixthisSt.Patrick's

Day.Childrencanmakeanddecoratetheircupcakeswithrainbowcandiesandchocolatepots

ofgold.To-gocontainerswillalsobeprovided.

Details：1-3p.m,Friday,March17.Children'sMuseumofPhoenix,215N.7thStreet,Phoenix.

$3formembers.$4fornon-members.602-427-2014.

3/17-19：FountainO'GreenArtisanMarket

Thiscommunityfestivalwillincludesculpturespaintings.handcraftedjewelryfandapparel

fromselectedlocalandregionalartistsjivemusicanddanceperformancethroughoutthe

weekend.Therewillalsobeafoodcourt.

OnFriday.emerald-coloredwaterwillshootfromthetown'sfountainatnoon.Take（hekidsto

seetheannualtraditionandpicnicinthepark.

Details：10a.m.-5p.m.Friday-Sunday,March17-19.AvenueoftheFountainsandSaguaro

Boulevard.FountainHills.Free.480-488-2014.

3/17：St.Patrick'sDayPartyatAZAirTime

Kidsabove12yearsoldcancollecttheirfree.greenglownecklacesandjumpforthree

hours,scaletherockclimbingwallordiveintothegiantpitoffoam.Jumpsocksrequired.

Details：8-11p.m.Friday,March17.AZAirTime,13802N.ScottsdaleRoad,Suite145,

Scottsdale.$15,whichisa$14savings,480-427-2000.

1.Whichtelephonenuinbeicanpeoplecallatiftheywanttomakeanddecoratecupcakes?

A.480-427-2000.B.480-488-2014.C.602-427-2014.D.602-253-0501.

2.Inwhichprogramcankidsfindthefoodcourt?

A.St.Patrick'sDayattheIrishCulturalCenter.

B.FountainO'GreenArtisanMarket.

C.St.Patrick'sDayatAZAirTime.

D.LuckySt.Patrick'sDayCupcakes.

3.Whichprogramisfreeforchildren?

A.LuckySt.Patrick'sDayCupcakes.

B.St.Patrick'sDayattheIrishCulturalCenter.

C.FountainO'GreenArtisanMarket.

D.St.Patrick'sDayatAZAirTime.

B

DuringRick'sbirthin1965,hisbrainwasdamagedforoxygenlack.ThedoctorstoldDickHoyt

thattherewasnohopeofhissonbeinganythingmorethana"vegetable".YetDickandhiswife

weredeterminedtoraisehimathome.

Alage15,Ricktoldhisfatherhewantediotakepartinafive-milebenefitrunforthe

disabled.Dickwasnotanmner,butheagreedtopushRickthroughtheracecourseinhis

wheelchair.Thatwaswhenasurprisingthinghappened.Duringtherun,Rickfeltasthoughhe

wasnotdisabledanymore-hewassimplyoneoftherunners.Thisexperiencedeeplyaffected

Dick,andhecommittedtorunninganincreasingnumberofeventswithhissonsothatRick

couldhavethisfeelingasoftenaspossible.

Atfirst,othercompetitorsoftentreatedthemasoutsidersandeveravoidedthem.But

gradually,whatbeganasawayforRickHoyttoexperienceinclusionandequalitybroadenedin

itspurpose.Runningtogetherbecameawaytosendamessagethat,asRicksaid,everybody

shouldbeincludedineverydaylife.Thepair'sfirstBostonMarathonin1984finishedinthetop

quarterofthefield,andshortlythereafter,attitudesbegantochange.Manyathleteswouldcome

uptothembeforetheracetowishthemluck.

The2016BostonMarathonwasthe31sttimetheHoytshadruntherace,anditwasalsotheir

lastrace.Dickhasrunthousandsofmilestobewithandsupporthisson.Theirathleticpursuits

haveenrichedRick'slifeandhadapracticalbenefitforDick'slifeaswell：Afteraheart

attack.Dick'sdoctorstoldhimhemighthavedied15yearsearlierifheweren'tinsuchgood

shape.

4.WhatinspiredDicktokeeprunning?

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A.Rickcouldraisemoneybytakingpartinrunning.

B.Rickfelthewasaheahhypersoninrunning.

C.Rick'swishwastobeanexcellentrunneroneday.

D.Rickcouldrebuildhisbrainbyrunning.

5.WhatmessagedidtheHoytssendbyrunning?

A.Everyoneisapartoftheworld.

B.Whatevermanhasdone,Imaydo.

C.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

D.Goodthingscometothosewhowait.

6.Whatchangedothers'attitudestotheHoyts?

A.Theirtalentfbrrunning.B.Theirpurposeofrunning.

C.Theirdonationstorunners.D.Theirachievementinrunning.

7.HowlongdidtheHoytsinsistonraces?

A.31years.B.36years.C.32years.D.53years.

c

Itsoundslikesomethingfromthefieldofsciencefiction-aspaceexplorationintovastouter

spaceheadingtowardstheRedPlanet.Whilewe'renotquitereadytoputapersononit.the

questionweasktodayis：whyaresomanycountriesinterestedingoingtoMars?

ThespaceracesawtheUSSR(theUnionofSovietSocialistRepublics)andUSAcompeteto

achievefirstsinspaceflighl.TheUSSRreleasedSputnik1,anartificialsaiellite.beforeanyone

else,andtheUSlandedontheMoonfirst.NowitappearsthatMarsisthebodyofdesire.While

tobethefirstnationtolandoritisanobviousdrawjhereareotherreasonswhywewanttoget

there.

Oneofthesecouldbethesurvivalofourspecies.Youonlyhavetolookatthefossilsofthe

dinosaurstoseethebenefitoffindinganotherhabitable(宜居的)planel.WhileMarsdoesn't

havetherightconditionstocallithomejustyetjhere'salwaystheconceptof

terraforming-changingtheenvironmentofaplanettosuitourneeds.

However,noteveryoneagrees.LeadingastrophysicistNeildeGrasseTysonhassaidthe

conceptofchanginghabitabil.tyofanotherplanetbecauseofthedamagewehavedoneto

EarthmakesnosensewhenwecansimplyterraformEarth.

Itseemsthatthemainreasonatthemomentisthesearchforalienlife.Ithaslongbeenbelieved

that,atonetime,Marswasabundantwithlife.Nowseeminglydeadjhepotentialfossilscould

answerquestionsaboutourownevolutionandthatofourplanet.Onetheoryisthatbacteriallife

onourplanetdidn'tstarthere.butwasbroughthereviaasteroid（小行星）fromMars.

OnebenefitsupportedbyscientistslikeNeildeGrasseTysonisthatlandingonMarsmay

inspiremorepeopletobecomeinterestedinscienceandastronomy.Surelyinspiringanew

generationtovisitthestarsisreasonenough.

8.WhatachievementdidtheUSmakeinthespacerace?

A.Itwasthefirstcountrytolandonthemoon.

B.Itwasthefirstnationtolaunchanartificialsatellite.

C.ItwasthefirstcountrytolandonthesurfaceofMars.

D.Itwasthefirstnationtosendthedinosaurfossilsintospace.

9.WhatattitudedoesNeildeGrasseTysontaketotheideaofterraformingMars?

A.Curious.B.Indifferent.C.Thrilled.D.Unfavorable.

10.WhatbenefitofheadingtoMarsdoesNeildeGrasseTysonsupport?

A.Rescuing（hespeciesontheearth.

B.Lookingforlifeinouterspace.

C.Understandinghumans'evolution.

D.Increasingyoungpeople'senthusiasmaboutspace.

11.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.WhyDoWeDesireToLeaveEarth?

B.WhyDoWeAttemptToGoToMars?

C.CanWeSettleDownOnOtherPlanets?

D.ShouldWeStopSearchingForAlienLifeOnMars?

D

Scientistsareurgingthatdeepseametalminingshouldhestoppedtemporarily.Theywarnina

reportthatitcancausesevereanddamagingeffectsonPacificOceanareas.

Therecently-releasedreportexaminedmorethan250publishedstudiesondeepSea

mining.TheresearchwasexaminedbytheDeepSeaMiningCanipaign-acollectionofnot-for

profitorganizations.Thereportcentersonminingactivitiesrelatedtosmallmetallicparticles

（顆粒;微粒），callednodules.foundontheseabed.Thematerialcancontaindifferent

metals.Increasingdemandforthesemetalshasledtoariseindeep-seaminingoperations.The

metalsarecommonlyusedinbatterymanufacturing（制造）andolhertechnologyproducts.

However.lhescientistswarnthatminingforthesenoduleswillcauseirreversible（無法復(fù)原

第4頁，共21頁

的）damagetoanoceanalreadyunderpressure.Theoperationswillaffectareasacrossthe

SouthPacific,includingthenationsofKiriba（i,theCookIslands,Nauru,TongaandPapuaNew

Guinea.

Thereportnotesthatamoratcriumistheonlyresponsiblewaytomoveforwarduntilcertain

conditionssurroundingdeep-seaminingcanbemet.Thescientistsarecallingforadditional

studytofullyunderstandtheenvironmentalsocialandeconomicrisks.

AndrewChinisthereport'sleadresearcher.Hesaysinastatemen:thatnoduleminingwill

likelyresultinthelossofsealifeandcausedamagetodeepseabedsforthousandsofyears.He

addsthattheoperationscanputpeopleatriskwhodependontheoceananditscontinuedhealth.

AcompanyplanningtobeoneofthefirsttocarryoutminingoperationsintheareaisCanada's

DeepGreen,whichaimstobeginby2024.ltseekstominemetallicnodulestobeusedinpower

systemsforelectricvehicles.DeepGreenChiefExecutiveOfficerGerardBarrondefendedthe

company'splansinreactionto（hereport.Hesaiddeep-seaminingofferedthebestreplacement

forsurfacemining,whichhasalonghisioryofpollutionanddestrayingforestsandwildlife.

12.Whyaredeep-seaminingoperationsontherise?

A.Moremetalsareneeded.B.Surfaceminingisbanned.

C.Batteryindustryisfalling.D.Theseabediseasytofind.

13.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheword"moratorium"underlinedinparagraph4?

A.Loosemeasure.B.Thoroughstady.

C.Temporarystop.D.Permanentceal.

14.WhatcanwelearnfromAndrewChin'swords?

A.Conditionssurroundingdeep-seaminingaregreat.

B.Thedamagecausedbynoduleminingisreversible.

C.Noduleminingcancauseharminvariousaspects.

D.Peoplearelesslikelytobeaffectedbynodulemining.

i5.Whoholdstheideathatdeep-seaminingisthebestchoice?

A.ScientistsB.DeepSeaMiningCampaign

C.AndrewChinD.GerardBarron

二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）

Whenyouwereachildyouhadapuremind.whichwasfreefromworriesandanxieties.Astime

passed,youwereinfluencedbyseveralcrises（危機(jī)）.（I）.Belowaresometechniqueswhich

canhelpyoukeepapeacefulmind：

Mindyourownbusiness.

Focusingonthingswhicharenotrelatedtoyouoftenresultsinnegativity.(2).Sonexttimean

unnecessarythoughtcomestoyourmindjhinkaboutwhetherthisisreallysomethingyou

shouldbeworriedabout.Ifitisn't,avoiditrightawayandfocusorsomethingpositive.

￡31.

Stayawayfromnegativepeople.Whensomeoneisnegative,hespreadsnegativityandyouget

affected.Alwaysstayingwithsuchpeoplewillhavelong-terminfluenceonyourcharacter.So

thinkaboutyourcompany.

Don'tthinkaboutotherstoomuch.

Rememberthegreatsaying："(4),averagemindsdiscusseventsandgreatmindsdiscuss

ideas."Don'tallowyourbraintocompareyourselftoothers.Don'tbejealous.Thisharmsyour

soulandtakesawayyourmentalpeace.

Ignoreyourthoughtsaboutbeingunlucky.

Badluckhappensioeveryone.Time,whethergoodorbad,passesquickly.(5).Believeinthe

powerofnow.Believeinyourskills.Workhardandyouwillgetwhatyouteelyou'reworthyof.

Withthesesuggestions,!believeyoucanbringmajorchangesinyourlifestyleandattainback

yourmentalpeace.

A.Smallmindsdiscusspeople

B.Itwilldisturbyourmentalpeace

C.SuiToundyourselfwithpositivepeople

D.Bringpositiveenergywithyouwhereveryougo

E.Itishardtokeepyourmindawayfrombadthings

F.Nowyourpuremindbecomesimpurewhenyouarestressful

G.Developthepowerofnotlookingbackintoyourpast

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

第6頁，共21頁

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三,完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）

Ababybearwasborntoamotherblackbear,butMamaBeardied.Thelittlecubwasleftalone

tofendintheworld.

Buthewas(21).Hesooncameacrossahugemaleblackbearwholikedthelittleguy.Bythe

endofthedaythelittlecubhada(22)friendandfacher.PapaBearinstructedthecuballthe

thingsabearneedstoknowto(23)intheworld.

ThetwowereinseparableuntIthedaythey(24).Thelittlecubfoundhimselfallalonewhena

hungrymountainlioncreptup.Thetwo(25)eyesandtenorranthroughthebear'sheart.Sohe

didthethingPapaBearhad(26)：heroseuponhishindlegs,showedteethandclaws,lookedhis

enemyrightintheeyeandroaredafierceroar.Well,itwasn't(27)aroaratall,butatiny(28).

Themountainlionwassurely(29)toenjoyatastylunch.Butsomethingstrangehappened.A

lookof(30)crossedthelion'sfaces.Heslowlybackedoffafewstepsand(henturnedandran

away.

Behindthecub,butnottoofarback.(31)PapaBear-uponhishindlegs.allteethandclaws,with

adeadlygleaminhiseyes.Hedidn'thowl,buttheliongotthe(32).

Nomatterhow(33)wefeeLthereisastrongforcejustbehindus.That(34)ismadeupoffamily

andfriends,childrenandcolleaguesandevenstrangerswho(35)us.

21.A.braveB.fortunateC.cautiousD.optimistic

22.A.newB.specialC.personalD.loyal

23.A.getalongB.catchupC.settledownD.winout

24.A.promisedB.separatedC.diedD.remembered

25.A.rolledB.coveredC.lockedD.opened

26.A.taughtB.toldC.meantD.fought

27.A.merelyB.suitablyC.reallyD.slightly

28.A.screamB.complaintC.sighD.whisper

29.A.hesitatingB.strugglingC.preparingD.ignoring

30.A.angerB.curiosityC.fearD.annoyance

31.A.layB.stoodC.hidD.knelt

32.A.messageB.rewardC.replyD.attention

33.A.uselessB.homelessC.helplessD.selfless

34.A.effortB.courageC.faithD.force

35.A.watchoutforB.lookupto

C.putupwithD.takeadvantageof

四、語法填空(本大題共I小題，共15.0分)

36.Modern-dayrobotsareprogrammedtohandletasksthatarenormallycarriedoutby

humans.Theyarefasterand⑴(accurate)thanhumanworkersandneveraskforapay

riseortakebreaks!Robotsarealsoabletowork(2)dangeroussituations.

ResearchersattheUniversityofArkansasintheUnitedStatessaythat(hemobilerobots

whichhavebeencreatedalreadyareidealforthejobofhospitalattcndants.Thesemobile

robotsstoreadetailedmapof(hehospitalin(heirmemory.Tlierobots'sensorscandetect

⑶(banier)andquicklygetoutoftheway.Althoughtheserobotscannotgoupanddown

stairs,theyknowhow(4)(press)abuttonofanelevator.

ResearchersataMassachusetts'universityarecreatingthefirstrobot(5)canconstantly

changeitsshapeaccordingtothetaskithastodo/I'heserobots(6)(call)polymorphic

robots."Polymoiphic"msans(7)abilitytotakedifferentforms.A3Dprinter(8)(place)

insidetherobotistocreatethedesiredshape.Theentireprocessofchangingformsinthis

manneriscalledtherapidprintingtechnologywhichis(9)(fair)commoninthecar

industrytoproducecomplex3Dstructuresquickly.Oncetherobothasperformed(10)(it)

taskjtcanbemelteddownandrecycledintoanotherusefulpartbythe3Dprinter.

五、書面表達(dá)(本大題共2小題，共40.0分)

37.假定你是李華，將參加校學(xué)生會(huì)組織的中學(xué)生英語演講比賽，請以“節(jié)約糧食，反

對浪費(fèi)”為主題寫一?篇演講稿，內(nèi)容包括?：

1.糧食的重要性；

2.如何厲行節(jié)約；

3.發(fā)出呼吁。

注意：

I.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

"Tickets,please."Iheard.asIstaredblanklyoutofthewindowatthepassingdarkness.I

第8頁，共21頁

fumbled(摸)formyticketandgaveittotheguardwhenheapproached.Hestampedit.but

thenjuststoodtherelookingatme.I'dbeencrying,hadredeyesandmusthavelooked

frightened.

"Youokay?"heasked

"CourseI'mokay,"Isaid."Andwhat'sitgottodowithyouinanycase?"

"Youlookawful,"hesaid."Isthereanything1cando?"

"Youcouldgetlostandmindyourownbusiness,"Isaid."That'dbeabighelp."Iwasn'tin

themoodfortalking.

Hemusthavereadthedangersignalsinmybodylanguageandtoneofvoice.buthesat

downoppositemeanywayandcontinuedtoengageme.

"Ifthere'saproblem.I'mheretohelp.That'swhatI'mpaidfor."

Goingthroughamixofemotionsatonce：deniaLanger,guik,withdrawal,everjlhingbut

acceptance,!wasreachingabreakingpointandhehadplacedhimselfinmylineof

fire.TheonlyotherthingIcouldthinkoftogetridofhimwastotellhimmystory.

"Look,mymum'sinhospital,dying,shewon'tsurvive(henight...thistrainwasgoingasfar

asPeterborough,butIwculdmisstheconnectingIxedstrainbytwentyminutesJ'innot

surehowI'mgoingtogethome.h'stonightornever.Iwon'tgetanotherchance.I'mabit

upset.Idon'treallyfeelliketalking.I'dbegratefulifyou'dleavemealone.Okay?"

"Okay,"hesaidjlnallygettingup.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右，

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Tenminuteslater,hewasbackagain.

Iwasatmymother'ssidewhenshediedintheearlyhoursof(he

morning.____________________

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小題1】C【小題2】B【小題3】C

［解析］(1)C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)3/17：LuckySt.Patrick'sDayCupcakes介紹內(nèi)容Children

canmakeanddecoratetheircupcakeswithrainbowcandiesandchocolatepotsofgold.To-go

containerswillalsoheprovided.$3formembers.$4fornon-members.602-427-2014.孩子

們可以用彩虹糖果和金色巧克力罐來制作和裝飾他們的紙杯蛋糕。還將提供隨身攜帶的

容器。會(huì)員3美元4非成員。聯(lián)系電話602-427-2014。可知,如果孩子們想自己制作并

裝飾他們的杯型蛋糕，可以撥打602-427-2014參與活動(dòng)，故選C.

(2)B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)3/17-19：FountainO'GreenArtisanMarket介紹內(nèi)容This

communityfestivalwillincludesculpturespaintings.handcraftcdicwclrj,andapparelfrom

selectedlocalandregionalartists,livemusicanddanceperformancethroughoutthe

weekend.Therewillalsobeafoodcourt.FountainO'GreenArtisanMarket包括許多商業(yè)區(qū)，

雕刻、手工珠寶、現(xiàn)場音樂表演和舞蹈，同時(shí)還有一個(gè)美食街?？芍?，孩子們可以前往

FountainO'GreenArtisanMarket尋找美食街，故選B.

(3)C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)3/17-19：FountainO'GreenArtisanMarket介紹內(nèi)容Avenueof

theFountainsandSaguaroBoulevard,FountainHills.Free.480-488-2014.可知,為孩子們而

設(shè)計(jì)的FountainO'GreenArtisanMarket是免費(fèi)的，不收取任何費(fèi)用，故選C.

本文是一篇廣告布告類閱讀，主要講述了在愛爾蘭圣帕特里克節(jié)期間的各種適合孩子們

玩耍的安全又有趣的活動(dòng)，并對這些活動(dòng)進(jìn)行了簡單的介紹,

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找

出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有

據(jù)。

4.【答案】

【小題1］B【小題2】A【小題3】D【小題4】B

第10頁，共21頁

【解析】(1)B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容"Duringtherun,Rickfeltasthoughhe

wasn'tdisabledanymore-hewassimplyoneoftherunners.Thisexperiencedeeplyaffected

Dick.andhecommittedtorunninganincreasingnumberofeventswithhissonsothatRick

couldhavethisfeelingasoftenaspossible.

在跑步過程中，瑞克覺得自己不再是殘疾人了，他只是跑步者中的一員，這一經(jīng)歷深深

地影響了迪克，他致力于與兒子?起跑越來越多的項(xiàng)目，以便瑞克能盡可能經(jīng)常地有這

種感覺?！笨芍?，自己在跑步過程中像一個(gè)正常人這樣的感覺促使他堅(jiān)持跑步。故選B.

(2)A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容”Runningtogetherbecameawaytosenda

messagethat,asRicksaidxve7bodyshouldbeincludedineveiydaylife.

一起跑步成了-?種傳遞信息的方式，正如瑞克所說，每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該融入U(xiǎn)常生活?！笨?/p>

知，通過跑步，他想要傳達(dá)每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該融入到日常生活中，都是世界的?部分。故選

A.

(3)D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容"ThepairsfirstBostcnMarathonin1981finished

inthetopquarterof(hefield,andshortlythereafter,a(titudesbegantochange.1981

年，兩人的第一場波士頓馬拉松比賽在賽場的前四分之一結(jié)束，此后不久，人們的態(tài)度

開始改變。”可知，人們態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變始于他們在1981年波士頓馬拉松比賽取得的成績。

故選D.

(4)B.數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)文章第一段"DuringRicklbirthin1965,hisbrainwas

damagedforoxygenlack.1965年里克出生時(shí)，他的大腦因缺氧而受損。"可

知他出生在1965年。再根據(jù)第二段"Atage15,Ricktoldhisfatherhewantedtoparticipate

inafive-milebenefitrunforthedisabled.15歲時(shí)，里克

告訴父親，他想?yún)⒓右粓?英里殘疾人福利賽跑?！笨芍谝淮闻懿绞?5歲，

1965+15=1980；再根據(jù)最后一段”The2016BostonMarathonwasthe31sttimetheHoyts

hadruntherace,anditwasalsotheirlastrace.2013年

波士頓馬拉松是霍伊特夫婦第31次參加比賽，也是他們最后一次參加比賽。”可知2016

年是最后一次跑步，所以2016-1980=36年?？芍麍?jiān)持跑了36年。故選B.

這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了出生時(shí)由于缺氧而天生“植物人”的Rickl3歲時(shí)喜愛

上了跑步，并堅(jiān)持參加馬拉松比賽，同時(shí)，跑步也給他的生命帶來了奇跡。

1.直接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。

2.間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對原

文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。

3.綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某?句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章

取義。

8.【答案】

【小題1】B【小題2】D【小題3】D【小題4】R

【解析】(1)B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Thespaceracesaw【heUSSR(theUnionof

SovietSocialistRepublics)andUSAcompetetoachievefirstsinspaceflight.TheUSSR

releasedSputnikI,anartificialsatellite.befbreanyoneelse,anddieUSlandedontheMoon

first.(在太空競賽中，蘇聯(lián)--蘇維埃社會(huì)主義共和國聯(lián)盟和美國競相在太空飛行中取得

第一。蘇聯(lián)率先發(fā)射人造衛(wèi)星Spumikl號(hào)，美國率先登陸月球。)可知，蘇聯(lián)在太空競

賽中是第一個(gè)發(fā)射人造衛(wèi)星的國家。故選B.

<2)D.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題&根據(jù)第三段最后一句WhileMarsdoesn'thavetherightconditions(o

calIithomejustyet.there'salwaystheconceptofterraforming-changingtheenvironmentofa

planettosuitourneeds(雖然火星目前還沒有合適的條件來安家，但星球改造的概念一

直存在一改變行星的環(huán)境以滿足我們的需要。)和第四段中的LeadingastrophysicistNeil

deGrasseTysonhassaidtheconceptofchanginghabitabilityofanotherplanetbecauseofihe

damagewehavedonetoEarthmakesnosen

scwhenwecansimplyterraformEarth.(著名天體物理學(xué)家NeildeGrasseTyson曾表示,

我們可以簡單地改造地球，因?yàn)槲覀儗Φ厍虻钠茐亩淖兞硪粋€(gè)星球的宜居性的概念亳

無意義。)可推知，NeildeGrasseTyson不贊同火星地球化的想法。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A.Curious

好奇的：B.Indifferent漠不關(guān)心的;C.Thrilled激動(dòng)的:D.Unfavorablc不同意的，不贊成

的，故選D.

(3)D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的OnebenefitsupportedbyscientistslikeNeil

deGrasseTysonisthatlandingonMarsmayinspiremorepeopletobecomeinterestedin

scienceandastronomy.(像NeildeGrasseTyson這樣的科學(xué)家：支持的一個(gè)好處是，登

陸火星可能會(huì)激發(fā)更多的人對科學(xué)和天文學(xué)感興趣。)可知，NeildeGrasseTyson贊同

探索火星的原因是：可激發(fā)年輕人對科學(xué)及天文的興趣。故選D.

第12Ui,共21頁

(4)B.標(biāo)題確定題。根據(jù)第?段中的ItsoundslikesomethingfromIhefieldofscience

fiction-aspaceexplorationintovastouterspace,headingtowardstheRedPlanetWhilewe're

notquitereadytoputapersononitjhequestionweasktodayis：whyaresomanycountries

interestedingoingtoMars?(這聽起來像是科幻小說里的東西一對廣闊的外太空進(jìn)行太

空探索，前往紅色星球。雖然我們還沒有準(zhǔn)備好把人送上火星，但今天我們要問的問題

是：為什么有這么多國家對火星感興趣？)結(jié)合文章主要說明人類為什么熱衷于探索火

星，介紹了人類歷史中對太空的探索行動(dòng)，分析人類想登陸火星背后的原因以及人們對

此的看法。故B選項(xiàng)WhyDoWeAltemptToGoToMars?”為什么我們要嘗試去火星？

”概括文意，可以作為本文標(biāo)題，故選B.

本文是篇說明文。文章主要說明人類為什么熱衷于探索火星，介紹了人類歷史中對太空

的探索行動(dòng)，分析人類想登陸火星背后的原因以及人們對此的喬法。

考查科教類閱讀理解。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的

選擇。

12.【答案】

【小題1】A【小題2】C【小題3】C【小題4】D

【解析】(1)A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的Increasingdemandforihesemclalshas

ledtoariseindccp-scaminingoperations.(對這些金屬需求的增加導(dǎo)致了深海采礦作業(yè)的

增加。)可知，深海采礦活動(dòng)在增加是囚為需要更多的金屬，故選A項(xiàng)。

(2)C.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段Scientistsarcurging(hatdeepseametalminingshould

bestoppedtemporarily.(科學(xué)家們敦促暫時(shí)停止深海金屬開采()和劃線詞后面的theonly

responsiblewaytomoveforwarduntilcertainconditionssurroundingdeep-seaminingcanbe

met.(在深海采礦的某些條件得到滿足之前，這是唯一負(fù)責(zé)任的前進(jìn)方式。)可推知，

"moraiorium"在此句中意為"暫停"，符合本句語境。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A.Looscmeasure寬松的措

施:B.Thoroughsiudy徹底的研究：C.Temporarystop暫停:D.Permanentdeal永久的交

易，故選C項(xiàng)。

(3)C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段Hesaysinastatementthatnoduleminingwilllikely

resultinthelossofsealifeandcausedamagetodeepseabedsforthousandsofyears.Headds

that(heoperationscanputpeopleatriskwhodependontheoceananditscontinuedhcakh.(彳也

在一份聲明中說，結(jié)核開采很可能導(dǎo)致海洋生物的消失，并對海底造成數(shù)千年的破壞。

他還說，開采結(jié)核會(huì)使依賴海洋及其持續(xù)健康的人們處于危險(xiǎn)之中。)可推知，結(jié)核開

采會(huì)造成多方面的危害。故選C項(xiàng)。

(4)D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后??段DeepGreenChiefExecutiveOfficerGerardBarron

defendedthecompany'splansinreactionto(hereport.Hesaiddeep-seaminingofferedthebest

replacementforsurfacemining.whichhasalonghistoryofpollutionanddestroyingforestsand

wildlife.(DeepGreen首席執(zhí)行官杰拉德巴倫(GerardBarron)在回應(yīng)該報(bào)告時(shí)為公司

的計(jì)劃進(jìn)行了辯護(hù)。他說，深海采礦是地表采礦的最佳選擇，它有污染和破，壞森林和

野生動(dòng)物的悠久歷史。)可推知，GerardBarron對深海開礦持支持的態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。

這是?篇說明文。文章主要講述了科學(xué)家們敦促暫時(shí)停止深海金屬開采。他們在?份報(bào)

告中警告說，它會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的后果。對太平洋地區(qū)造成破壞性影響。

考查科教類閱讀理解。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的

選擇。

16.【答案】

【小題11F【小題2】B【小題3】C【小題4】A【小題5】G

［解析］(1)F.文章銜接題。根據(jù)前文Whenyouwereachildyouhadapure

(純潔的)mind,whichwasfreefromworriesandanxieties.Astu