北京市東城區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題2

高二英語2025.1本試卷共10頁，共100分?？荚嚂r(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘。考生務(wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，36分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共8小題;每小題1.5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ItwasaMondaynightandIwasextremelyupset.TwomonthsearlierIhad___1___toCanada,lookingforfunandadventure.WithinacoupleofweeksIknewI’dmadea/an___2___.EverywhereIwastoldIshouldn’tuseEnglishtermssuchaslift,bootorbiscuit.IwasinCanadanowsoIhadtospeaktheCanadianway.AtworkeverythingthatIsaidorIdidwasn’t“Canadian”.Ifoundmyselfa“strangeforeigner”toothers.Enoughwasenough;I___3___andwasgoinghome.Having___4___mybags,Idecidedtomakethebestofmylastnight,andwenttovolunteeratalocalfirstaidcenter.ThateveningIwaspairedwithaCanadianyoungmannamedLarry.Wehadtopracticeturningtheinjuredontheirside.Ihadn’tseentheCanadianmethodsoIdidintheEnglishway.LarrywatchedmeandIexpected___5___aboutEnglishways.Icouldn’tbearthat,sobeforehecouldstartIsaid,“I’msorry,butit’sthe___6___wayIknow.”Hepausedforamoment,lookedatmeandsaid,“Youknow,whatyoudid___7___.It’sjustasgoodastheCanadianmethodandachievesexactlythesameresult.Justdowhatyouknow.”Iwassurprised.Thenhesmiledatmeandsaid,“It’sOK,”andsuddenlyitwas.Iwenthomeandunpackedmybags.Larry,whogavemeback___8___inmyself,broughtsunshinebackintomylife.1.A.returned B.immigrated C.escaped D.adapted2.A.mistake B.difference C.decision D.inference3.A.droppedin B.setout C.gaveup D.tookoff4.A.sold B.packed C.found D.taken5.A.ments B.thoughts C.observations D.predictions6.A.quick B.easy C.only D.new7.A.fails B.changes C.ends D.works8.A.patience B.faith C.promise D.quality第二節(jié)語法填空(共8小題;每小題1.5分，共12分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。WangYongzhi,apioneerofChina’smannedspaceprogram,wassawardedtheMedaloftheRepublic___9___September29th,2024.In1986,asheadofthegeneraldesigndepartment,WangguidedthedesignoftheLongMarchrocketandalsoplayedaleadingroleinProject863,____10____wasanationalhightechproject.Heandhiscolleaguescarriedoutover300largegroundtests,and____11____(overe)20technicalchallenges.Finally,theLongMarch2Emadeitssuccessfulflight.Wangpassedawayin2024.____12____helefttouswerehundredsofnotebooksandmorethanadozenpiecesoforalhistoriesabouthiswork.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Weusebothwordsandbodylanguagetoexpressourthoughtsandopinionsinourinteractionswithotherpeople.Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguage____13____(vary)fromculturetoculture.Whenused____14____(appropriate),bodylanguageservesasapowerfultooltobuildtrustbetweenpeople.Therefore,itisessentialtoknowtheculturaldifferencesinbodylanguage.Forexample,inChina,____15____(make)eyecontactwhentalkingwithsomeoneisawaytodisplayrespect.However,insomeMiddleEasterncountries,itisimpolite.Knowingthese,wecanavoid____16____(cause)misunderstandingsandconflict,andusebodylanguagemoreeffectively.第三節(jié)翻譯句子(共6小題;每小題2分，共12分)請(qǐng)將下面的中文句子翻譯成英文，翻譯時(shí)須運(yùn)用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給的詞匯。請(qǐng)將答案書寫在答題卡相應(yīng)位置。17.和朋友保持聯(lián)系很重要。(keepintouch)(漢譯英)______________________________________________________18.明天這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們將正在國(guó)家公園里騎車。(cycle)(漢譯英)______________________________________________________19.成為一名志愿者想法吸引了我。(appealto)(漢譯英)______________________________________________________20.袁隆平為解決糧食問題奉獻(xiàn)了一生。(devote)(漢譯英)______________________________________________________21.據(jù)估計(jì)，60%的學(xué)生參加過社會(huì)活動(dòng)。(estimate;getinvolvedin)(漢譯英)______________________________________________________22.據(jù)我所知，他們已經(jīng)說服教授接受了邀請(qǐng)。(persuade)(漢譯英)______________________________________________________第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共11小題;每小題2分，共22分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ACreatingasmarthomeiseasierthanever.Smarthomedeviceshavebeemoreaffordableandeasiertosetupthaninyearspast.Herearesomeofthetopsmarthomedevicesoftheyear.PhilipsHueStarterKitpatible(兼容的)withsomerelevantappsonyoursmartphoneforvoicecontrolandintegration,PhilipsHueStarterKithaseverythingyouneedtomakeyourlightssmarter.Userscancontrolthelightsremotelywherevertheyusetheapp.Onebuyersaid,“LovethatIcanswitchonlightsremotelyandchangethecolorsoftheroomfromanapponthephone.”NestThermostat(恒溫器)Withreliableperformance,theNestThermostathasproventobeoneofbestproductsever.Itenablesyoutocontrolyourhome’stemperaturefromyoursmartphone,andprogramittoenterenergyefficientmodewhenyouleavethehouse.Onebuyerremarked,“Oneofitsoutstandingfeaturesisitsabilitytolearnyourpreferencesandautomaticallyadjustsettingstokeepyoufortable.”AutomaticCurtainOpenerThesmartcurtainissuitableforbedrooms,livingrooms,offices,babyrooms,andmore.Itsupgradedmotorensuressmoothoperationevenonheavycurtains(upto15KG),perfectforthickcurtainmaterials.Meanwhile,itssilentmodeenablesyourdevicetooperatebelow25dB(分貝),allowingyourcurtainstodriftslowerandquieter,greatforwakingupinthemorningandperfectforthosewithsleepdisordersorpeoplewhoaresensitivetosound.Thisenvironmentallyfriendlydeviceiseasytouseandsaveselectricity.Userscanusethemobileapptomanagecurtainopening,closing,andopenpercentage.Voicemandsarealsoaccepted.23.WhatcantheNestThermostatdo?A.Saveenergy. B.Changetheusers’habits.C.Operateinasilentmode. D.Correcttheusers’sleepingdisorder.24.Allthethreeproducts________.A.supportvoicecontrol B.providecustomerserviceC.canlearntheusers’preferences D.canbecontrolledfromthesmartphoneBIt’saSaturdaymorningandI’mjustfourmetresfromtheground,clingingto(抓緊)awall.I’vereachedthetopandcan’tfindafootholdtostartbackdown.Myheartisbeatingfastandmywholebodyiscold.Icouldjustletgoanddroptothethick,softsafetymats(墊子)below;butalthoughIknowthatwouldn’thurt,somehowitseemsincredible.Iamheretofindoutwhysomanypeoplearefallinginlovewithindoorclimbing.Itisreportedthatthereareover35millionclimbersworldwide,andintheUKalonethenumbersaregrowingby15—20%ayear.So,what’stheattraction?“Ifinditreallyhardnottothinkaboutworkallthetime,”saysPaulLennon,whohasbeenclimbingfortwoyears.“ThewallistheoneplacewhereIdon’tevenneedtotrytoswitchoff.Youjustfocusonwhatyou’redoingandit’sveryrelaxing.There’slotsofproblemsolving,workingoutwheretoputyourhandsandfeet.Thementaleffortdistractsyoufromdoingmuchelse.”Anotherthingthatinterestsme,isthenumberofwomeninthisactivity.“It’snonthreatening,andyoudon’tneedtobeagreatathletetodoit.”says24yearoldYasmine,whohasbeenclimbingforthreeyears.“Idon’tfeelatadisadvantage,andIknowsomeotherwomenclimbersfeellikeme.Ifatallstrongguydoestheclimbwithaonearmpullup,Icandoitbystretchingoutoneofmylegsandbalancingonahold.MyyearsofgymnasticswhenIwasatschoolhavereallyhelped.AlthoughI’mshortandlookrelativelyweakparedwithothers,I’vegotalegupinotherways.”WhenIeventuallyunfreezeandmakeitbackdowntoearth,Inoticeanineyearoldgirl.SheseemsmuchmorematureinthedecisionmakingandteamworkingskillsthanIwouldnormallyexpectfromchildrenofherage.Havinglearnedthatshehasbeentoclassesforabouttwoyears.Idecidetohaveanothergo!25.Reachingthetopofthewall,theauthorfeels________.A.bored B.disappointed C.depressed D.frightened26.PaulLennonlikeswallclimbingbecauseithelpshim________.A.builduphisbody B.findthemeaningoflifeCgetawayfromwork D.solvephysicalproblems27.AccordingtoYasmine,whatisheradvantageinwallclimbing?A.Bodyflexibility. B.Teamworkspirit.C.Teachingexperience. D.Professionalknowledge.CIt’struethatthere’ssomethingpleasantandtrustworthyaboutasmile—butthiscanbemisleading.Digalittledeeperandyouwillfindthatthesmileisactuallyoneofthebiggestfakesgoing.Weallputonasmilenowandagaintofortourfellowhumansandavoidunnecessaryconflict.Weallsuppose,however,thatagenuine(真誠(chéng)的)smileoftrueenjoymentissomethingverydifferent.Infact,ithasbeengivenaname:theDuchennesmile.Thissmileusesthemusclesaroundtheeyestoliftthecheeks,producingwrinklesaroundtheeyes,andhaslongbeenheldasaninimitable(不可仿效的)signoftruehumanemotion.Oratleastitwasuntil2013,whenresearchersfromBostondestroyedthatsaying.Intheirstudy,onegroupofvolunteerswereaskedtoreproducesmilesshowninphotographs,andanothergrouptoevaluatewhetherthefirstgroup’ssmilesweregenuineSomeofthephotographsshowedmouthonlysmiles,butothersshowedsmilesusingbothmouthandeyemuscles.Twothirdsofindividualsturnedouttobeabletofakeasupposedlygenuinesmile,andtheywerealsoabletodothiswellintheireverydaylives.ThesefindingsindicatethateventhesupposedlygenuineDuchennesmilecanbeconvincinglysimulated.Somuchforsmilingbeinganinimitablesignoftruehumanemotion.Butwhyaresomepeoplesogoodatthiskindofsimulation?Theanswerisn’tnecessarilyevilorharmful.Infact,moreresearcheshavedemonstratedthatyoucanactuallysmileyourselfintoabettermood.Fakeornot,puttingonaDuchennesmilemaybejustthemedicinetofightagainstphysicalandmentaldifficulties.Thesmile,then,canbeafalsefriend.Peoplesmile—ornot—forallkindsofreasonsbeyondsimplyhowhappytheyarefeeling.But,asthesayinggoes,ifyoucan’tbeatthem,jointhem.Nexttimeyou’rehavingyourphotographtaken,don’tsay“cheese”;say“cheeks”.Saying“cheeks”willnotonlyshapeyourmouthnicely,butwillalsoremindyoutosqueezeyourcheeksupwardsintoavisuallysatisfying,genuinelookingDuchennesmile.28.TheBostonresearchers’studyprovesthat________.A.smilesdon’thelpwithmunicationB.notallgenuinelookingsmilesshowtrueenjoymentC.theDuchennesmilecan’tbereplacedbyotherexpressionsD.thevolunteerswithtruesmileswon’tgetupseteasilyindailylife29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“simulated”inParagraph4mean?A.Adjusted. B.Spread. C.Pretended. D.Tested.30Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardfalsesmiles?A.Reserved. B.Hesitant. C.Accepting. D.Negative.DItisoneofthebiggestquestionsinenvironmentalprotection:Shouldwebesharingourlandscapeswithnaturebyrestoringsmallwoodlandsandadoptingsmallsizeecofriendlyfarming?Orshouldweinsteadbesparinglargeareasoflandfornature—bycreatingmorenationalparksandindustrializingagricultureonexistingfarmland?Theargumentbetween‘sparing’and‘sharing’begandecadesago.Leadingtoday’sargumentforthesparersistheresearcherBeniaminPhalan,whobelievesthatbyproducingmorefoodperunitoffarmarea,morelandwouldbeavailableforwildlife.HelookedattherelationshipbetweencropyieldsandthenumberofbirdandtreespeciesintheforestsinAfricaandAsia,andfoundthatbiodiversitydidbestwhereintensifiedcroppingleftspaceforunfarmedhabitatsHeconcludedthat“mostspecieswillhavelargerpopulationsiffoodisproducedonassmallanareaaspossible,whilesparingaslargeanareaofnatureaspossible.”Gameover?Notsofast.Aleadingsupporterofwildlifefriendlyfarming,ClaireKremenoftheUniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley,haseoutfighting.ShesaysthatPhalan’sfindings“don’tassessthelongtermconsequencesofisolating(孤立)speciesinprotectedareas.”Herresearchshowsthat“evenverylargeprotectedareaswilllosespeciesiftheyremainisolatedovertime.”Sointhelongrun,sparingwon’tsparemorelandfornatureconservationorfeedtheworldforever.Toavoidmassextinctionandecosystembreakdown,wemustintegratebiodiversityprotectionintothelandscapeweuse.So,sparingorsharing?Infact,agriculturalintensificationwon’tdelivermorelandfornatureunlesstherearetoughrulestoprotectlandnotyetfarmed.Inthe19thcentury,moreefficientcoalpoweredenginesdidnotreducecoalburningbutmassivelyincreaseditbykickstartingtheindustrialrevolution.Followingthatexample,theresultofagriculturalintensificationwillprobablybemorelandtobefarmed.Naturedoesnotrecognizetheboundariesofnationalparks.WhethermigratingelephantsinKenyaormonarchbutterfliesinNorthAmerica,muchnatureexistsinhumanmadeagriculturallandscapes.Recentresearchsuggeststhatsimplyreservinglandwillremoveallthreatstoveryfewspecies—only3percentinfact.Sothepotentialtosharethelandwithoutgivingupnature’slastwildplacesismuchgreaterthanoncethought.LikewhatKremensays,“Wecanspare50percentandsharetherest.”31.Whatwillthesparersprobablyagreewith?A.Relyingonbirdstogetridofpests.B.Protectinginsectsbyorganicfarming.C.Erasingtheboundariesofnationalparks.D.Enlargingthesizeofnaturallygrowingforests.32.WhydoestheauthormentionthecoalpoweredenginesinParagraph4?A.Toanalysetheconsequenceoftheindustrialrevolution.B.Toremindusofthepossibleriskofintensifiedcropping.C.Topresentanexampleoffailureinenvironmentalprotection.D.Topareagriculturalintensificationwithwildlifefriendlyfarming.33.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthepassage?A.Howtoquiettheargumentaboutecofriendlyfarming.B.Howtobalanceenvironmentalpprotectionandagriculture.C.Howtotacklethechallengeofpreventingecosystembreakdown.D.Howtoreduceenvironmentaldamagecausedbymixedagriculture.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Oneofthemajorproblemsforscientistsliesinmunicatingthevalueofresearchtothegeneralpublic.____34____Inordertomunicatenewscientificdevelopmentseffectively,universitiesandresearchinstitutesnowtrytomakepressreleasesuserfriendly.Thesepressreleasesaretargeteddtothegeneralpublic,includinginformationaboutriskaswellasthelimitationsofaparticularsciencestudy.Thedevelopmentofblogshashelpedinbringingscienceclosertothepublic.Sciencebloggersgenerallyfocusonareasofsciencethattheyarebothpassionateandknowledgeableabout._____35_____Anditisthisthatperhapsmostattractsmembersofthepublic.Ed’sPopularScience,forinstance,isfilleddwiththewriter’spassionanddowntoearthattitudetowardsscience.Hischatty,youthfulstyleattractsawiderangeofreaders.____36____EarlypioneersincludeJacquesCousteau,whosebeautifullyfilmeddocumentariesopeneduptheoceanstomillions.ThisquicklyrealisedthepotentialofTVtomakescienceealiveforviewers.Othersciencedocumentaryfilms,suchastheBBCTVseriesWondersoftheSolarSystem,haveeagerlyfollowedsuit.____37____Forexample,scientistsareofferedvideoservicestocreateonlinepresentationsoftheirresearch.Nevertheless,despitethisprogress,municationstillremainsoneofscience’sbiggestproblems.Somescientistsoftenunderestimatetheimportanceoftheabilitytounderstandandeffectivelyusevariousformsofmedia.____38____Perhapsitistimethatuniversitiesaddressedthisproblem,andthoughtaboutaddingmunicationstrainingtothecurriculum.A.Televisionhasalsoboostedtheimageofscience.BThisbringsscienceintothefieldofpopularculture.C.Theyoftenwriteaboutscienceinanaccessible,livelymanner.D.ThepowerofvisualmediaviatheInternethasalsobeenused.E.Thereisatendencyamongscientiststowardsoldfashionedresearchapproach.F.Consequentlypublicattentionandsupportfortheirresearchmaybemissedout.G.Scientificorganisationshaveealongwayindevelopingwaystomakesciencemoreaccessibletononspecialistgroups.第三部分書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第39、40題各2分，第41題3分，第42題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Thegrowthmindsetisabeliefsystemthatpromotestheideathatabilitiesandintelligencecanbedevelopedwithtime,effort,anddevotion.Theseareallaspectsofyourselfthatcangrowandimproveovertime.Accordingtoaresearch,theconceptofa“growthmindset”isashiftfromthetraditional“fixedmindset.”Individualswithafixedmindsetbelievetheirabilitiesareunchangeable.Thiscanbringaboutselfcreatedbarriersandlimitpersonalgrowth.Incontrast,peoplewithagrowthmindsetwelechallenges,andbelievethattheirpotentialisunlimited.Theyunderstandthatintelligenceandskillcanbedeveloped.Developingagrowthmindsetiscrucialbecauseitbuildstoughness,promoteslearning,andfuelssuccess.Itencouragesyoutoviewchallengesasopportunities,improvingadaptabilityandproblemsolvingskills.Havingagrowthmindsetcantransformthewayyouapproachchallengesandsetbacks,leadingtohigherlevelsofachievementandsatisfaction.Animportantstepondevelopingagrowthmind