歷年出生、死亡人口統(tǒng)計(jì)

importmatplotlib.pyplotaspltimportpandasaspd出生人口數(shù)據(jù)birth_data={'年份':[1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,19,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],'出生人口（萬(wàn)人）':[3620,2023,2100,2232,2411,2629,2859,3146,3348,3487,3560,2934,2710,2595,2478,2375,2300,2230,2234,2211,2180,2140,2110,2090,2070,2050,2030,2010,1990,1980,1970,1960,1950,1940,1920,1900,1880,1870,10,1850,1840,1830,1820,1810,1800,1790,1780,1770,1760,1750,1740,1730,1720,1710,1700,1690,1680,1670,1660,1650,1640,1630,1620,1610,1600,1590,1580,1570,1560,1550,1540,1530,1520,1510,1500,1490,1480,1470,1460,1450,1440,1430,1420,1410,1400,1390,1380,1370,1360,1350,1340,1330,1320,1310,1300,1290,1280,1270,1260,1250,1240,1230,1220,1210,1200,1190,1180,1170,1160,1150,1140,1130,1120,1110,1100,1090,1080,1070,1060,1050,1040,1030,1020,1010,1000,990,980,970,960,950,940,930,920,910,900]}死亡人口數(shù)據(jù)death_data={'年份':[1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,19,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],'死亡人口（萬(wàn)人）':[600,610,620,630,640,650,660,670,680,690,700,710,720,730,740,750,760,770,780,790,800,810,820,830,840,850,0,870,880,890,900,910,920,930,940,950,960,970,980,990,1000,1010,1020,1030,1040,1050,1060,1070,1080,1090,1100,1110,1120,1130,1140,1150,1160,1170,1180,1190,1200,1210,1220,1230,1240,1250,1260,1270,1280,1290,1300,1310,1320,1330,1340,1350,1360,1370,1380,1390,1400,1410,1420,1430,1440,1450,1460,1470,1480,1490,1500,1510,1520,1530,1540,1550,1560,1570,1580,1590,1600,1610,1620,1630,1640,1650,1660,1670,1680,1690,1700,1710,1720,1730,1740,1750,1760,1770,1780,1790,1800,1810,1820,1830,1840,1850,10,1870,1880,1890,1900,1910,1920,1930,1940,1950,1960,1970,1980,1990,2000,2010,2020,2030,2040,2050,2060,2070,2080,2090,2100,2110,2120,2130,2140,2150,2160,2170,2180,2190,2200,2210,2220,2230,2240,2250,2260,2270,2280,2290,2300,2310,2320,2330,2340,2350,2360,2370,2380,2390,2400,2410,2420,2430,2440,2450,2460,2470,2480,2490,2500,2510,2520,2530,2540,2550,2560,,歷年出生、死亡人口統(tǒng)計(jì)一、歷史趨勢(shì)1.出生人口的變化新中國(guó)成立初期，隨著社會(huì)穩(wěn)定和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，出生人口迅速增長(zhǎng)。1949年，全國(guó)出生人口為362萬(wàn)人，此后逐漸攀升，在1963年達(dá)到2934萬(wàn)人的歷史最高峰。這一時(shí)期的高出生率與戰(zhàn)后經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇、醫(yī)療條件改善以及生育觀念密切相關(guān)。然而，自20世紀(jì)70年代開(kāi)始，計(jì)劃生育政策的實(shí)施顯著抑制了出生人口的增長(zhǎng)。1980年代，出生人口維持在每年約2000萬(wàn)人的水平，但進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)后，隨著生育意愿的下降和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力的增加，出生人口逐年減少。2023年，出生人口降至902萬(wàn)人，創(chuàng)下1949年以來(lái)的最低水平，連續(xù)7年下降。2.死亡人口的變化與出生人口的變化相對(duì)應(yīng)，死亡人口也經(jīng)歷了顯著的波動(dòng)。新中國(guó)成立初期，由于醫(yī)療條件有限和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)影響，死亡人數(shù)較高。1949年，死亡人數(shù)為984萬(wàn)人，但此后隨著公共衛(wèi)生體系的建立和生活水平的提升，死亡人數(shù)逐漸下降。然而，隨著人口老齡化的加劇，近年來(lái)死亡人數(shù)呈現(xiàn)上升趨勢(shì)。2023年，全國(guó)死亡人數(shù)達(dá)到1110萬(wàn)人，比2022年增加了69萬(wàn)人。這一趨勢(shì)表明，老齡化已成為影響我國(guó)人口結(jié)構(gòu)的重要因素。二、當(dāng)前狀況1.出生人口的現(xiàn)狀當(dāng)前，我國(guó)出生人口持續(xù)下降的主要原因包括：生育意愿降低：年輕人普遍追求更高的生活質(zhì)量，對(duì)生育持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力：房?jī)r(jià)、教育成本等生活成本的增加，使得養(yǎng)育子女的負(fù)擔(dān)加重。政策影響：盡管實(shí)施了全面二孩政策，但效果有限，未能有效提升出生率。2.死亡人口的現(xiàn)狀疾病譜變化：隨著非傳染性疾病的增多，慢性病導(dǎo)致的死亡人數(shù)逐年上升。醫(yī)療條件改善：盡管人均壽命延長(zhǎng)，但老年人口的絕對(duì)數(shù)量增加也推高了死亡人數(shù)。三、未來(lái)展望1.人口負(fù)增長(zhǎng)的挑戰(zhàn)根據(jù)現(xiàn)有趨勢(shì)，未來(lái)我國(guó)人口負(fù)增長(zhǎng)態(tài)勢(shì)可能進(jìn)一步加劇。專家預(yù)測(cè)，到2100年，我國(guó)總?cè)丝诳赡芙抵?.79億，遠(yuǎn)低于目前的14億。這種人口結(jié)構(gòu)的變化將對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、社會(huì)保障體系和家庭結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響。2.應(yīng)對(duì)策略優(yōu)化生育政