2024年中考英語沖刺復(fù)習(xí)：閱讀理解（解析版）

【查補(bǔ)知識(shí)漏洞■通關(guān)練】

專題07閱讀理解

（解析版）

：挑戰(zhàn)中考題?直知識(shí)漏洞

（2023?山東淄博?中考真題）HaveyoueverreadAndersen'sfairytaleTheUglyDuckling（丑4、鴨）?Doyou

knowthathismotherlandisDenmark?ItliesinnorthernEurope.Letmetellyousomethingaboutit.

YoucanfindalmostanyfastfoodinDenmark,suchashamburgersandhotdogs.Danishopen-faced

sandwichesarenotonlydelicious,butalsoprettyandfun.Theyareworksofart.Tastingsomeisanexperiencethat

shouldn'tbemissed.

“Lego"toyswerecreatedinDenmark.Thetoysweremadeofwoodbefore.BuildingwithLegoshelps

studentslearnaboutengineering,physicsandtechnologyinafunway.In1968,thefirstLegolandthemepark

openedinBillund,Denmark.Today,thereareLegolandparksinCalifornia,Florida,Malaysia,Dubai,Windsor,

JapanandGermany.

BicyclingispopularinDenmark.NineoutoftenDaneshaveabike.Theyridetheirbikesnomatterwhatthe

weather.Theyaren9tjustridingbikesforfun.Theyusebikestogettowork,totaketheirkidstoplaces,andevento

carrygoods.Today,moreandmorepeoplearechoosingbikesovercars.TheyhaveasayinginDenmark:"A

bicycleisaDane'sbestfriend.5,

Denmarkiscalledthelandoffairytales.Andersen'sanotherpopularfairytaleisTheLittleMermaid（美人魚）.

TheLittleMermaidstatue（雕塑）hasbeenregardedasDenmark'smostfamouslandmarksince1913.TheDanes

believethatshebringsthemgoodluck.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"It"inParagraph1referto?

A.TheUglyDuckling.B.Denmark.C.Europe.D.Fastfood.

2.AccordingtoParagraph4,wecancallDenmark"

A.thecountryofbikesB.thelandoffairystories

C.thecapitalofartD.thehomeofLegos

3.WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheLittleMermaidstatue?

A.Ifscalledfairyland.B.ItwasbuiltbyAndersen.

C.Itwelcomestheshipsthere.D.Ithasbeenthereforabout110years.

4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Fairytales.B.Andersen9slife.

C.SomefactsaboutDenmark.D.ThehistoryofDenmark.

【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.C

【解析】本文主要介紹了關(guān)于丹麥的一些事情。

1.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“DoyouknowthathismotherlandisDenmark?ItliesinnorthernEurope."（你知道他的祖

國是丹麥嗎，它位于北歐）可知此處it指代“丹麥”。故選B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"BicyclingispopularinDenmark”可知自行車在丹麥很受歡迎，所以可以叫丹麥為“自

行車之國”。故選A。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"TheLittleMermaidstatue（雕塑）hasbeenregardedasDenmark'smostfamouslandmark

since1913”可知自1913年以來，小美人魚雕像一直被視為丹麥最著名的地標(biāo)，所以小美人魚雕像已經(jīng)在那

里大約110年了。故選D。

4.主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了關(guān)于丹麥的一些事情。故選C。

回顧核心考點(diǎn)?補(bǔ)知識(shí)漏洞

>

一.解題策略

1.先讀問題，弄清考查要點(diǎn)。

先讀問題可弄清考點(diǎn)，以便能帶著問題看文章，這樣會(huì)心中有數(shù)，有的放矢。

2.快速瀏覽全文，掌握全貌。

瀏覽全文時(shí)注意發(fā)現(xiàn)與問題有關(guān)的信息，如果時(shí)間緊，至少要掃視一下起首段和尾段。再把標(biāo)題和文章

內(nèi)容結(jié)合起來想一想，這樣全文大意便清楚了。此時(shí)，不要忙于答題

3.細(xì)讀原文，捕捉相關(guān)信息詞。

細(xì)讀原文，掌握短文細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容。這是解題的關(guān)鍵，應(yīng)特別注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

①抓住四個(gè)“W”和一個(gè)“H”，就是邊讀邊用鉛筆做些標(biāo)記，把What（事件），When（時(shí)間），Where

（地點(diǎn)），Why（原因），How（經(jīng)過）劃出來。抓住了四個(gè)“W”和一個(gè)“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌,

一些直接性的問題便可解決。

②抓住連接詞及起關(guān)鍵作用的副詞、代詞、介詞、插入語等。因?yàn)檫@些詞具有因果，讓步，遞進(jìn)，轉(zhuǎn)折，

指代，列舉及承上啟下等各種連接上下文的特殊功能。這對(duì)考生分清文章層次，辨明各種關(guān)系，了解人物

心理，推斷作者意圖，進(jìn)行邏輯推理等手段來分析難點(diǎn)，都具有舉足輕重的作用。

③注意領(lǐng)會(huì)文章的寓意。

④根據(jù)題意，初選答案。這一步須仔細(xì)審題，領(lǐng)會(huì)測(cè)試要求，確定解題方法。對(duì)那些明顯的，有把握的

題可以斷然確定，不必把其余三個(gè)答案再作推敲而浪費(fèi)時(shí)間：有些略難的題，應(yīng)再查閱短文（不是重讀一

遍），迅速找出依據(jù)，予以排除。

4.重讀原文，仔細(xì)斟酌核對(duì)答案。在解完最后一道題后，如果時(shí)間允許，再將原文讀一遍；用全文的主題思

想統(tǒng)率各思考題，研究其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系和邏輯關(guān)系，目的在于對(duì)所做答案進(jìn)一步審查，推出未解答的題，以便

減少失誤。

二、主要題型及解題技巧

L主旨大意題(Tofindoutthemainidea)

其目的是考查考生對(duì)短文中心思想或作者意圖的掌握。

解題技巧：

①抓住主題句，鎖定文章主旨

找主題句，應(yīng)先通讀全文，理解大意，充分理解主題句的意義。主題句一般具有以下特征：概括全段

思想；一般位于段首、段尾或位于段中；

解這種題目時(shí)，不能只憑文中的只言片語而斷章取義，比如涉及文章的標(biāo)題(title)、主題(mainidea)、結(jié)

論(conclusion)、結(jié)局(end)等有關(guān)問題，都需要在細(xì)讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合所學(xué)語言知識(shí)、背景知識(shí)、生活

常識(shí)、科學(xué)專業(yè)知識(shí)進(jìn)行邏輯思維、推理、判斷，從而獲取文章中內(nèi)隱的信息。

②抓住段落大意，概括中心思想

③抓住主線和關(guān)鍵，歸納文章中心

主旨題常見的命題形式：

(1)Themainideaofthepassageis......

(2)Thispassageismainlyabout......

(3)Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthistextis......

(4)Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

(5)What'sthetopicofthetext?

典例：

l.Whafsthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?

A.Manyparentsdon'tunderstandkids9languageintheirblogs.

B.Manyparentsareworriedabouttheseyoungbloggers.

C.Manyparentscan'tunderstandwhytheirkidsdon'tlikestudying.

2.Whatisthepassageabout?

A.Repairingoldcomputers.

B.Sellingoldcomputers.

C.Recyclingoldcomputers.

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題(Tolookfordetails)

細(xì)節(jié)題是用來進(jìn)一步表達(dá)主題，體現(xiàn)中心思想的，往往針對(duì)短文某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)來設(shè)題。

細(xì)節(jié)理解題?？碱}型：1、是非題2、例證題3、年代與數(shù)字4、比較5、原因6、事實(shí)排序題7、

直接信息題8、間接信息題9、綜合信息題…

解題技巧：(1)細(xì)心審題，直接就題找答案。

(2)變通理解，間接轉(zhuǎn)述找答案。

(3)多點(diǎn)歸納，綜合事實(shí)找答案。

細(xì)節(jié)題常見的命題形式：

WhichofthefollowingisTrue/NotTrue?

Inthepassage,whichofthefollowingismentioned?

Allofthefollowingstatementsaretrueexcept...

Choosetherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage.Where,how,who,why,howlong等弓I導(dǎo)的特殊疑

問句要求判斷細(xì)節(jié)。

典例：

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Mybrothers,mysistersandIwouldsometimesfightaboutwhichchanneltowatchwhenIwasachild.

B.Thesedays,thereisonlyonechannelwitholdmovies,cookingandfishing.

C.Peoplehavemanychannelstochoosefromnow.

3、猜測(cè)詞義題(Toguessthemeaning)

猜測(cè)詞義題主要考查考生根據(jù)上下文正確判斷靈活變化的詞義的能力。單詞的猜測(cè)能力是閱讀理解能

力的主要組成部分，初中英語學(xué)科教學(xué)基本要求規(guī)定，學(xué)生能根據(jù)上下文推測(cè)詞義，并能不借助詞典讀懂

含有3%左右生詞的語言材料。

解題技巧：

①通過因果關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義；

首先找出生詞與上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，然后才能猜詞。有時(shí)文章借助關(guān)聯(lián)詞(如because,as,since,for,

so,thus,asaresult,ofcourse,therefore等)表示前因后果。

Eg:Youshouldn'thaveblamehimforthat,foritwasn'thisfault.

通過for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的錯(cuò))，可猜出blame的詞義是責(zé)備。

②通過同義詞和近、反義詞的關(guān)系猜詞；

通過同義詞猜詞，一要看由and或or連接的同義詞詞組，如：happyandgay,即使我們不認(rèn)識(shí)gay這個(gè)

詞，也可以知道它是愉快的意思；二是看在進(jìn)一步解釋的過程中使用的同義詞。如：Manwasknowing

somethingabouttheplanetsVenus,Mars,andJupiterwiththehelpofspaceships.此句中Venus,Mars,Jupiter

均為生詞，但是只要知道planets就可以猜出這幾個(gè)詞都是屬于“行星”義域。

通過反義詞猜詞，一看表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞或副詞，如：but,while,however等；二看與not搭配的表示

否定意義的詞。如：Heissohomely,notatallashandsomeashisbrother.根據(jù)notatallhandsome就不難

推測(cè)，homely意為不英俊，不漂亮之意。

③通過構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)詞義；

閱讀文章時(shí)，總會(huì)遇到新詞匯，有時(shí)很難根據(jù)上下文來推測(cè)，而他們對(duì)文章的理解又有著舉足輕重的

作用，此時(shí)，如果掌握了一些常用的合成、派生、轉(zhuǎn)化等語法知識(shí)，這些問題便不難解決了。

④通過定義或釋義說明來推測(cè)詞義；

Eg:Butsometimes,norainfallsforalonglongtime.Thenthereisadryperiod,ordrought.從drought所在

句子的上下文我們可以得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的時(shí)期，即drought.由此可見drought意為“久

旱"、"旱災(zāi)"，而adryperiod和drought是同義詞。這種同義或釋義關(guān)系常為：is,or,thatis,inotherwords,

becalled或破折號(hào)等來表示。

⑤通過描述猜測(cè)詞義；

⑥用知識(shí)和生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)猜測(cè)詞義；

⑦根據(jù)上下文的指代關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測(cè)。

常見命題形式如下：

(l)Theword"...”inthepassageprobablymeans.

(2)Whatdoestheword"…"mean.

(3)Theunderlined(戈1J線的)wordmeans.

(4)TheclosemeaningoftheunderlinedwordisinEnglish.

(5)Theword"refersto.

典例：

l.Inthe2ndparagraph,theclosemeaningoftheunderlinedword“teased"is_________inEnglish.

A.hitB.criticizedC.laughedat

2.What'stheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedword"fined”?

A.罰款B.給予C.獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)

注意事項(xiàng)：

在做詞義猜測(cè)題時(shí)注意不要脫離語境。有些常用詞在特定的上下文中，或?qū)I(yè)性文章中，具有特殊的

或?qū)ｉT的詞義。在解這類題時(shí)，必須仔細(xì)地研讀劃線部分的上下文，有時(shí)閱讀的視線還要擴(kuò)大一些。如果

離開特定的語言環(huán)境來理解生詞意義，必然會(huì)理解錯(cuò)誤。

4.推理判斷題(Toinferaconclusion)

推理判斷題在閱讀測(cè)試中屬于難題。推理判斷題就是根據(jù)某個(gè)事實(shí)推斷結(jié)論。包括：數(shù)據(jù)事實(shí)推斷、

常識(shí)推斷以及作者的寫作目的、態(tài)度和傾向等的推斷

解題技巧：推理判斷題分兩種，即對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的推理和對(duì)主旨的推理。解決此類題要注意，一是與原文相

同的細(xì)節(jié)不能選，二是文中沒有出現(xiàn)的細(xì)節(jié)不能跳出文章做推斷。解題過程中只要注意上述兩點(diǎn)，再結(jié)合

做細(xì)節(jié)和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理判斷題。

①推理深層含義的常見命題形式如下：

(l)Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.

(2)Thewritersuggestthat.

(3)Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat.

(4)Wemayconcludefromthepassagethat.

(5)Fromthepassage,itcanbeinferredthat.

典例：

Wecanlearnthelastparagraphthat

A.IfseasyfbrmanyteenagerstogiveupbloggingontheInternet.

B.IfssafeformanyteenagerstoputtheirpersonalinformationontheInternet.

C.It'spopularformanyteenagerstouseblogsontheInternet.

②推理作者意圖、觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度的常見命題方式如下：

Thewriter'spurposeinwritingthisstoryis.......

Inthewriter9sopinion,agoodschoolshould.......

Whatshouldbetherightattitudetowards

Thewriter'sattitudetoward"..."is.......

Thewritermainlywantstotellus.......

例：

Wespentadayinthecountrypickingwildflowers.Withthecarfullofflowersweweregoinghome.Onour

wayback,mywifenoticedacupboardoutsideashop.Itwastallandnarrow.4tBuyit."Mywifesaidatonce,

“We'llcarryithomeontheroofrack..Fvealwayswantedonelikethat."WhatcouldIdo?Tenminuteslater,Iwas

$20poorer,andthecupboardwastiedontheroofrack.

Fromthepassage,wecanseethatinfactthehusbandthecupboard.

A.thoughtitwasworthbuyingB.believedtheyneededtobuy

C.wasgladtohaveboughtD.wouldrathernotbuy

【詳解】從劃線部分我們可以看出，這位丈夫是由于妻子喜歡不得不買，由此推斷答案應(yīng)為D。

?知識(shí)通關(guān)演練

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（2024?云南?-k模）InChina,theyear2024isknownaslongnianinthetraditionalChineselunarcalendar.

Overalongperiodoftime,ithasbeencalledtheYearoftheDragoninEnglish.Butactually,therearealotof

differencesbetweentheChineselongandtheWesterndragon.

TheChineselongismadeupofpartsofsomegentleanimals,suchasarabbifseyesandanox'sears.In

Chinesemythology,longisabletofly.Inaddition,itcanalsospray（噴灑）waterfromitsmouthtocreaterain.

However,inWesternculture,adragonbreathesfireandhasthebodyofasnakeandbigwingsofabat.

What'smore,youwillfindmostoftheWesterndragonsindarkcolorsbecausetheyusuallystandforevil（牙B惡）.

Asaresult,normallyattheendofthestories,theevildragonwillbebeatenbythesuperheroes.

Whatmakessuchdifferences?Infact,theyhavesomethingtodowiththeculturaldifferences.InChinese

Confucian（儒家的）ideas,kindnessandharmony（和諧）areveryimportant.Itisourdutytohelpeachotherand

liveapeacefullife.Westernculture,ontheotherhand,prefersindividualheroism（個(gè)人英雄主義）.Whenever

somethingterriblehappens,therewillbeasuperherowhoisbraveenoughtostandout,fightagainsttheenemyon

hisown,and,ofcourse,savethewholeworld.

Inrecentyears,Chinesehavetriedtotranslatelonginanotherway.Forexample,Zhejiang5sLoongAirhas

alreadywrittenlongasLoong.OneofthereasonsisthatLoongsoundsthesameastheChinesecharacterlong.

Besides,theletters"oo"inthewordLoonglooklikethetwobigeyesoftheanimal,whichmakesiteasierto

memorizethisword.

Anyway,nomatterhowlongistranslated,thereisonethingforsure:theChineselongisdifferentfromthe

Westerndragon,anditisasymbolofgoodluck.

WishyouandyourfamilythebestintheYearofLoong!

1.WhichofthefollowingisthepictureofaWesterndragon?

2.AccordingtotheChineseConfucianideas,whatmightbethereasonforlongtospraywater?

A.Tofightagainsttheevildragon.B.Tohelpthefarmersinthedryweather.

C.Toshowitspowerandability.D.Tomakeitselfthesuperherointhisworld.

3.WhichofthefollowingisTrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Adragonbreathesfireandhasthebodyofabat.

B.2024istheyearofLoonginthetraditionalChineselunarcalendar.

C.TheWesterndragonisasymbolofgoodluck.

D.Longcan'tflybecauseithasnowings.

4.makeLoongthenewtranslationoftheChinesecharacterlongaccordingtothepassage.

A.ThehistoricalbackgroundandculturalmeaningB.Thehistoricalbackgroundandspelling

C.ThepronunciationandspellingD.Theculturalmeaningandpronunciation

5.Inwhichpartofamagazinemaywefindthispassage?

A.HealthyLife.B.CreativeArt.C.AmazingAnimals.D.ColorfulCulture.

【答案】1.A2.B3.B4.C5.D

【解析】本文主要介紹了中西方文化中“龍”的不同形象和象征意義。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"However,inWesternculture,adragonbreathesfireandhasthebodyofasnakeandbig

wingsofabat”可知，西方龍噴火，有蛇的身體和蝙蝠的大翅膀。A選項(xiàng)圖片符合，故選A。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Inaddition,itcanalsospray（噴灑）waterfromitsmouthtocreaterain."結(jié)合"InChinese

Confucian（儒家的）ideas,kindnessandharmony（和諧）areveryimportant.Itisourdutytohelpeachotherand

liveapeacefilllife.”可知，中國龍從嘴里噴出水來制造雨水，雨水可以在干旱的天氣里幫助農(nóng)民。故選B。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"InChina,theyear2024isknownaslongnianinthetraditionalChineselunarcalendar."可

知，2024年是中國傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)歷的龍年。故選B。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"OneofthereasonsisthatLoongsoundsthesameastheChinesecharacterlong.Besides,the

letters'oo'inthewordLoonglooklikethetwobigeyesoftheanimal,whichmakesiteasiertomemorizethis

word.”可知，Loong的發(fā)音和中文“龍”相同，Loong中的字母“oo”看起來像動(dòng)物的兩只大眼睛。故選C。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Anyway,nomatterhowlongistranslated,thereisonethingforsure:theChineselongis

differentfromtheWesterndragon,anditisasymbolofgoodluck.”可知，本文主要介紹了中西方文化中“龍"的

不同形象和象征意義，因此會(huì)在“豐富多彩的文化”部分看到，故選D。

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（2024?云南?~~模）ZongQinghouwasthefounder（創(chuàng)始人）ofHangzhouWahahaGroup.Hewasbornin

1945inwartimeChina.HegrewupverypoorinHangzhouandoftenwenthungry.Hisfatherwasoutofwork,and

hismothersupportedthefamilyoffivechildrenasafactoryworker.

“Becauseofthehardship,asachildIhadmanydreamsandhopedtomakebigmoneyformyparentsin

return,Zongsaidinahistorybook.Astheeldestchild,Zongleftschoolafterjuniorhightosupporthisfamilyand

spentovertenyearsdoingdifferentjobs,includinghardphysicalworkatafar-awayfarm.

In1978,ZongreturnedtoHangzhouandspentthenexttenyearsworkingasasalesman.atMyonlydreamat

thattimewastohavemyowncompanyanddowhatIwantedtodo,andIhadbeenlookingforsuchachance,“he

saidinthehistorybook.Thechancefinallycamein1987.Zongborrowed140,000yuantostarthisowncompany,

sellingicepops（冰棒）andstationery（文具）tostudentsatanearbyprimaryschool.

Thecompany,whichwouldlaterbecomeWahaha,soldicepopsforacenteach.Duringhisdoor-to-door

sales,Zonglearnedthatmanychildrenwerepickyeaterssothattheycan'tgetallthenecessarynutrition（營養(yǎng)）.

Thatwasabigheadacheforparents.

Seeingapotentialchance,Zongworkedwithaprofessorofnutritiontoinventavitamindrinkforchildren

calledWahahaOralLiquid.Theproductbecameahugesuccesssoon.Thecompanyachievednearly100million

yuaninsalesinthethirdyearafteritwentonthemarket.Thatyear,ZongfoundedtheHangzhouWaHahaGroup

afterbuyingafailingfoodfactory.

6.HowmanypeoplewerethereinZong'sfamily?

A.Three.B.Five.C.Seven.D.Nine.

7.Theunderlinedword"picky“inparagraph4meansinChinese.

A.貪嘴的B.挑剔的C.厭食的D.健康的

8.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.Zongsucceededatlastbecauseofhisgoodluck.

B.Zongworksinhisowncompanyin1980.

C.WahahaOralLiquidwasn'tpopularatfirst.

D.WahahaOralLiquidcanoffernecessarynutritiontochildren.

9.WhichistherightorderaboutZong'slife?

①ZongworksasasalesmaninHangzhou.②Zongdiddifferentjobstosupporthisfamily.

（3）WaHahagroupwasfounded.@Zongboughtafallingfoodfactory.

⑤Zongborrowedmoneytostarthisowncompany.@Zongdreamedtomakebigmoney.

A.⑥①④②③⑤B.⑥②①⑤④③C.⑥②①⑤③④D.⑥①⑤④②③

10.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.HangzhouWahahaGroupB.HowtoSellWahahaOralLiquid

C.HowtoMakeBigMoneyD.ZongQinghouandWahahaGroup

【答案】6.C7.B8.D9.B10.D

【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了娃哈哈集團(tuán)的創(chuàng)始人傳奇的一生。

6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Hisfatherwasoutofwork,andhismothersupportedthefamilyoffivechildrenasafactory

worker.”可知，他的父母有5個(gè)孩子，所以他家有七口人。故選C。

7.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Duringhisdoor-to-doorsales,Zonglearnedthatmanychildrenwerepickycaterssothatthey

can,tgetallthenecessarynutrition.Thatwasabigheadacheforparents.”可知，因?yàn)樘羰常⒆觽儫o法獲得所需

的營養(yǎng)，對(duì)此家長們非常頭疼，由此可猜測(cè)picky意為“挑剔的”。故選B。

8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Duringhisdoor-to-doorsales,Zonglearnedthatmanychildrenwerepickyeaterssothatthey

can'tgetallthenecessarynutrition."和"Seeingapotentialchance,Zongworkedwithaprofessorofnutritionto

inventavitamindrinkforchildrencalledWahahaOralLiquid”可知，宗慶后和營養(yǎng)學(xué)家研發(fā)出的這款產(chǎn)品是為

挑食的孩子準(zhǔn)備的，也取得了巨大的成功，說明娃哈哈口服液可以為孩子提供必要的營養(yǎng)。故選D。

9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Becauseofthehardship,asachildIhadmanydreamsandhopedtomakebigmoneyformy

parentsinreturn,”可知，宗慶后最開始希望賺大錢來回報(bào)父母；根據(jù)"Astheeldestchild,Zongleftschoolafter

juniorhightosupporthisfamilyandspentovertenyearsdoingdifferentjobs,includinghardphysicalworkata

far-awayfhrm.”可知，隨后宗慶后做了許多種工作；根據(jù)“In1978,ZongreturnedtoHangzhouandspentthenext

tenyearsworkingasasalesman.”可知，1978年，宗慶后回到杭州做銷售；根據(jù)"Thechancefinallycamein1987.

Zongborrowed140,000yuantostarthisowncompany,sellingicepopsandstationerytostudentsatanearby

primaryschool.”可知，宗慶后借了很多錢，用來創(chuàng)建公司；根據(jù)“Thatyear,ZongfoundedtheHangzhouWaHaha

Groupafterbuyingafailingfoodfactory.”可知，最后宗慶后買了一家倒閉的食品廠，隨后建立了娃哈哈集團(tuán)。

故選B。

10.最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)"ZongQinghouwasthefounderofHangzhouWahahaGroup."和"Thatyear,Zongfounded

theHangzhouWaHahaGroupafterbuyingafailingfoodfactory.”可知，本文主要講述了宗慶后創(chuàng)建娃哈哈集團(tuán)

的經(jīng)歷，因此D項(xiàng)“宗慶后和娃哈哈集團(tuán)”最適合做本文的標(biāo)題。故選D。

<3>

（2024?北京?一模）Inthepastdecade,theuseofsocialmediahasgrowninawaythatnoonecouldhave

guessed.Ithasturnedsometeenagersintocelebrities（名人）andturnedthefamousintotheinfamous,overnight.

Akeyfeature（特征）ofsocialmedia,however,isitsvolatility.Trends（趨向，動(dòng)向）comeandgo,

disappearingalmostasquicklyastheyappeared.

ShortvideoappssuchasTikTokanditsChineseequivalent（對(duì)應(yīng)詞）Douyin,tooktheworldbystorm.

TikTokwasonceranked8thonApple'sAppStore,andDouyinhadmorethan300milliondomesticmonthlyactive

users.

Whyaretheseshortvideos,whicharerarely（罕有）longerthanafewminutes,sopopular?JiangYige,

Singapore-basedanalystatFengHeFundManagement,hasatheory."'Shortvideosarejustrighttofillinthelittle

gapsinourbusyschedules,9,hetoldCNBC.

Thesevideos,apartfrombeingveryconvenient,areimportanttoteenagersbecausetheyallowthemto

expressthemselves,accordingtoTeenVogue.

LizaKoshy,auseroftheUSappMusical,whohasover2millionfollowers,said,"Thesenseofcommunity

thatusersofshortvideoappsgetisanotherappealing（有吸弓I力的）feature.”

Livestreaming（直播）isafeatureofoursocialmedialifethatnowseemsas,naturalassunrise.Ifsapretty

neatidea:Youcanwatchanyone,anywhere,live?However,Chinahastakenlivestreamingtoawholenewlevel.

InChina,millionsofviewersmonthlywatchalivestreamingvideo.Forbesthoughtthatanumberoffactorshad

ledtothepopularityofthelivestreaming.Amongthemisviewers5abilitytointeractwithunknownnames.

However,thequickdevelopmentofsocialmediamaybehavingsideeffectstoo.Fakenewsisoneserious

problemitcauses.Materialssharedontheseplatformsareoftennotcheckedforaccuracy（準(zhǔn)確，精確）.Themost

basiccontent（內(nèi)容）canbefalseandcanmisleadusersonewayoranother.Weusesocialmediaallthetime,which

doesn'tmeanthatweunderstandtheinfluenceitishavingonus.Weshouldbemindfillofboththetimewespend

onitanditspowerfuleffectonourminds.

11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“volatility“inParagraph2possiblymean?

A.Beingchangeable.B.Beingvaluable.

C.Beingcomfortable.D.Beinginternational.

12.AccordingtoLizaKoshy,whyareshortvideoappsverypopular?

A.Theyareveryconvenient.

B.Theyhelppeoplekilltime.

C.Theyprovideasenseofcommunity.

D.Theyallowpeopletoexpressthemselves.

13.Whatdoweknowaboutsocialmedia?

A.Livestreamingisthemostpopularwayofoursocialmedialife.

B.Peoplecan'tcommunicatewitheachotherwithoutsocialmedia.

C.Thereisstillmuchroomforsocialmediatomakeimprovement.

D.Takingshortvideosisthebestwayforteenagerstoexpressthemselves.

14.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusinthepassage?

A.Shortvideoappswilltaketheworldbystorminthefuture.

B.Socialmediacanhelpyouturnintocelebritiesveryquickly.

C.Peoplecanshareanyinterestingmaterialsontheplatformswithoutchecking.

D.It'swisetothinkoverboththetimeandtheeffectwhenweusesocialmedia.

【答案】11.A12.C13.C14.D

【解析】本文主要講述了短視頻軟件的流行原因以及社交媒體存在的弊端。

11.詞義猜測(cè)題o根據(jù)“Trendscomeandgo,disappearingalmostasquicklyastheyappeared”可知，社交媒體的

一個(gè)主要特點(diǎn)是它變化無常，某種趨勢(shì)很快出現(xiàn)又很快消失，由此可知“volatility”的意思為“changeable”，表

示“變化無常的"。故選A。

12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thesenseofcommunitythatusersofshortvideoappsgetisanotherappealingfeature.

可知，LizaKoshy認(rèn)為短視頻軟件受用戶歡迎的原因是它可以讓用戶有社區(qū)的歸屬感。故選C。

13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"However,thequickdevelopmentofsocialmediamaybehavingsideeffectstoo.Fakenews

isoneseriousproblemit...canbefalseandcanmisleadusersonewayoranother.“可知社交媒體發(fā)展迅速，但也

帶來一些副作用，如虛假消息會(huì)誤導(dǎo)用戶，由此推知社交媒體還有很大的改善，提升空間。故選C。

14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Weusesocialmediaallthetime,whichdoesn'tmeanthatweunderstandtheinfluenceitis

havingonus.Weshouldbemindfulofboththetimewespendonitanditspowerfuleffectonourminds.”并結(jié)合

全文內(nèi)容可知社交媒體會(huì)有一些負(fù)面影響，所以作者是想告訴我們要理智地使用社交媒體。故選D。

<4>

（2024?四川南充?二模）ThefilmYOLO（YouOnlyLiveOnce）directedbyJiaLing,China'smost

successfulfemalefilmmakerhasbecomeahitrecently.Inthefilm,JiaplaysLeYing,ajoblesswomaninher

thirtieswhostillliveswithherparentsuntiloneday,shemeetsaboxingcoach（拳擊教練），HaoKun（playedby

LeiJiayin）,andlaterfindsstrengthandhopeinboxingtrainingandchangesherlife.Theactress-directorlost50

kiloswhichbecameahottopicinsocialmedia.

Afterwatchingthefilm,manypeoplestarttryingtoloseweight.Somepeopleplantojoingyms,butnotall

ofthemcansticktoexercise.Sohowdoyoumakesureyoufindagymyoulike,andmoreimportantly,onewhere

youfeelcomfortable?

Toanswerthequestions,JarrodSaracco,afitness（健身）coachwith20yearsofexperienceinthefield,

giveshisadvice."Fromthemomentyouwalkin,itshouldbeabouttheenergyandtheexperience.Dotheygreet

you?Dopeopleworkingoutlooklikethey'rehavingagoodtime?”

However,therearesomanygymsinChina,sochoosingtherightonemaytakeyoualittletime.Hereare

sometipsabouthowtochooseagoodgym.

Findagymclosetoyourhome.Youcanwalktothegymtodosomesports.It'sbettertodrivelessthan15

minutes.Ifyoufindagoodplacetoparkyourcar,yourchoicemayberight.

Visitatyourbestworkouttime.Saturdayafternoonmaybetherighthourtocheckoutagym.Youcango

andhavealookatit.Ifitisverycrowded,tryanothergym.

Checkforcleanmachines.Keepingthingscleanornotmeansthegymisgoodorbad.Aprofessionalstaff

membershouldalsobewiping（擦拭）downmachinesintheday.Whileyouarevisiting,watchtoseewhether

there'sastrictruleofwipingdowneverythingafteruse.Ifnot,tryanothergym.

15.Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothepassage?

A.Inthemovie,LeYingmetHaoKuninthegymwheresheworked.

B.ItbecameahottopicinsocialmediathatJiaLinglost50fans.

C.ThefilmYOLOwasdirectedbyChina?smostsuccessfulmalefilmmaker.

D.Itmeansmoretopeopletofeelcomfortableinagym.

16.If,thegymisagoodchoice.

A.ittakeslessthan15minutestowalkthere

B.manypeopleworkoutthereandtheyseemtoenjoythemselves

C.thecoachesthereareenergetic,experiencedandgood-looking

D.themachinestherearealwayscleanedwell

17.Howmanypiecesofadviceonthetopicdoesthewriteroffer?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.None.

18.Whichisthestructureofthepassage?

A.①②/③/④⑤⑥⑦B.①/②③④/⑤⑥⑦

C.①/②③/④⑤⑥⑦D.①②③/④⑤⑥/⑦

19.Whatisthebesttitleofthearticle?

A.YOLO-AGreatMovie!B.Let'sGoToGyms!

C.CheckforCleanMachines!D.StickToExercise!

【答案】15.D16.D17.B18.C19.B

【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了賈玲導(dǎo)演的《熱辣滾燙》影響人們?nèi)ソ∩矸?，以及選擇健身房的

建議。

15.細(xì)節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)“Sohowdoyoumakesureyoufindagymyoulike,andmoreimportantly,onewhereyou

feelcomfortable?”可知，選項(xiàng)D“對(duì)人們來說，在健身房感到舒適更重要”表述正確。故選D。

16.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。木艮據(jù)“Checkforcleanmachines.Keepingthingscleanornotmeansthegymisgoodorbad.A

professionalstaffmembershouldalsobewiping（擦拭）downmachinesintheday.”可知，如果健身房的機(jī)器總是

清潔得很好，就會(huì)是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。故選D。

17.細(xì)節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)"Findagymclosetoyourhome."、"Visitatyourbestworkouttime."以及"Checkforclean

machines.”可知，作者提供了三條建議。故選B。

18.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。文章第一段講述了電影《熱辣滾燙》并引出話題；第二、三段論述該話題；第四、五、

六、七段介紹了如何選擇健身房，故選項(xiàng)C符合題意。故選