2018浙江杭州中考英語(yǔ)解析

第頁(yè)碼頁(yè)碼頁(yè)/總NUMPAGES總頁(yè)數(shù)總頁(yè)數(shù)頁(yè)2018杭州中考英語(yǔ)試題卷第I卷第一部分 聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)(2018·浙江杭州)第一節(jié)（共5小題.每小題2分,滿分10分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置，聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題，每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howdidthewomencome?A.Byair. B.Bytrain. C.Bycar.2.Wheredoesthemanlive?A.Inatown. B.Inacity. C.Inavillage.3.Whocanplaytheviolin?A.George. B.Helen. C.Alice.4.Howmanystudentsarethereinthewoman'sschool?A.330. B.350. C.370.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Thebikeisnew. B.Thebikeisexpensive.C.Thebikeisheavy.(聽(tīng)力無(wú)錄音稿，答案：CCCAB)(2018·浙江杭州)第二節(jié)（共10小題，每小題2分,滿分20分）聽(tīng)下面3段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置，聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你有時(shí)間閱讀各小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6至第8三個(gè)小題。6.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Touringaschool. B.Visitingamuseum. C.Havingapicnic.7.Whichsignismentionedintheconversation?A. B. C.8.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Momandson. B.Teacherandstudent C.Waitressandcustomer(聽(tīng)力無(wú)錄音稿，答案：BAB)(2018·浙江杭州)聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第9至第11三個(gè)小題。9.What'sthewoman？A.Arestaurantowner. B.Aninterviewer C.Acafewaitress.10.WhendopeopleinNewYorkusuallygotorestaurants?A.Between5and6p.m. B.Between7and8:30p.m. C.Between8and9p.m.11.WhichrestaurantaregettingpopularwithpeopleinLondon?A.Indianrestaurants. B.SouthAmericanrestaurants. C.Italianrestaurants.(聽(tīng)力無(wú)錄音稿，答案：BAA)(2018·浙江杭州)聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第12至第15四個(gè)小題。12.Howmanydaysdoesthespeakerworkeveryweek?A.Five.B.Six.C.Seven.13.Whydoesthespeakerofteneatabiglunch?A.Heisveryhungry.B.Heistoobusyfordinner.C.Hereallylikesthefood.14.Whatdoesthespeakeroftendotorelaxatnight?A.Listentomusic. B.Watchmovies.C.Goshopping.15.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofhisgroupmembers?A.Lonelybutsuccessful. B.Famousandprofessional. C.Hardworkingandfriendly.(聽(tīng)力無(wú)錄音稿，答案：BBAC)(2018·浙江杭州)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(2018·浙江杭州)AWhenCanadianteenagerRyanwassixyearsold,histeachertoldhimthatinmanypartsofAfrica,therewasnocleanwater.Shesaidthatpeopleoftenmadethemselvesill,andevendied,justfromdrinkingorbathingindirtywater.WhatshesaidmadeRyanupset.Hedecidedtoraisemoneyforawell(井)sothatpeopleinAfricacouldhavecleanwater.Hedidextrachoresforhisparentsandraised$70allbyhimself.Thenhefoundoutthatitactuallycost$2,000todigawell.Mostpeoplewouldhavegivenupatthispoint,butnotRyan.Hewasdisappointed,butdeterminedtoraisemoremoney.Finallyhecollectedover$2,000.Thatmoneywasusedtodigthefirstof“Ryan'swells”.Sincethen,Ryanhascontinuedtoraisemoneyformorewells.Infact,Ryanhasraisedover$1,500,000!Ryancallshimself“anormalboy”andlikestoplayicehockeywhenhe'snotinschoolortravelingaroundtheworldtalkingtootherstudentsabouthimselfandhiswork.Asforthefuture,hehassaidthatheisn'texactlysurewhathewillchoosetodo.“Somethingalongthelinesofalawyerorateacher.Maybealeader!”Ryan'steachertoldhimaboutthewaterprobleminAfricainorderto .encourageRyantodigwellsforpeopleinAfricaaskRyantoraisemoneyforpoorpeopleinAfricamakeRyanfeelunhappyanddisappointededucateRyantocareaboutAfricanpeopleindifficultyWhatdoesRyanthinkofhimselfaccordingtothepassage?Heisdifferentfromotherstudentsinmanyways.Henevergivesupwhenhehasdecidedtodosomething.Heistalentedandcandomanygreatthingsinthefuture.He'slikeotherstudentswithhisownhobbyanddreams.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.RyanandHisTeacher B.RyanandHisWells.C.RyanandHisMoney D.RyanandHisFuture體裁記敘文話題人物故事詞數(shù)211【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。主要內(nèi)容是：男孩Ryan了解到非洲人民非常缺少潔凈水，為了幫助他們而想盡辦法四處籌錢并造井的故事。D。17.5Ryancallshimself‘a(chǎn)normalboy’,Ryan覺(jué)得自己是一個(gè)普通的男孩，有自己的愛(ài)好和理想。Ryan為了幫助非洲人民而籌錢造井的事。(2018·浙江杭州)BWhowantstoeatfoodthatisthrownawayaswaste?Believeitornot,that’sexactlywhatworldleadersdidatalunchheldbytheUnitedNationsin2015.Duringthemeal,theworldleadersenjoyeddisheslikesaladsandburgersmadewiththrown-awayvegetablesandfruits.ChefDanBarber,whohelpedcreatethemeal,hopedthattheexperiencewouldmaketheleaderspaymoreattentiontotheissueoffoodwaste.Itisahugeproblem.OneoutofninepeopleonEarthdoesnotgetenoughfood.Yeteveryyearoveronethirdofthefoodproducedworldwidegoestowaste!Whyissomuchfoodwasted?Firstly,foodisoftenthrownawaybeforeitreachescustomersbecausetoomuchofitisproduced,orbecauseitisnotkeptproperlyinfarms.Secondly,shopsandsupermarketsusuallythrowawayunsoldfood.Finally,customersoftenbuymorefoodthantheyneed,soalotofuneatenfoodiswasted.Howcanyouwastelessfood?Wheneatingout,youmayaskforlessfoodandtakehomewhatisleft.Visitfastfoodrestaurantlessoften,sincetheyareusuallymorewasteful.Encourageyourfavoriterestaurantstogiveunsoldfoodtofoodbanks.Youcanalsowastelessfoodathome.Usesmallerricebowlssothatyouservelessrice.Encouragefamilymemberstouseunfinishedricetomakericepuddings.Tellfamilymemberstomakeashoppinglistandbuyonlywhatisonthelistwhenshoppingforfood.Foodwasteisagrowingproblemandwe,eitherfarmersorfoodsellersorcustomers,musttakethisproblemmoreseriouslyanddowhatwecantohelp.WhatdidworldleadersdoatalunchheldbytheUnitedNationsin2015?Theythrewawayfoodaswasteduringthemeal.TheymadedisheswithwastevegetablesandfruitsTheyatefoodmadewithwastevegetablesandfruits.TheyhelpedChefDanBarbercreatethespecialmeal.Theunderlinedword“issue”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto .A.result B.problem C.cause D.beginningThewriterorganizesParagraph4byaskingaquestionand .A.givingexamples B.usingnumbersC.listingreasons D.tellingastoryWhichwayofwastinglessfoodismentionedinthepassage?Buyingunsoldfoodfromsupermarkets.Keepingfoodproperlyinfridge.Usingsmallerricebowlswheneatingout.Askingforlessfoodinrestaurants.體裁議論文話題社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)：食物浪費(fèi)詞數(shù)284【主旨大意】本文是一篇議論文。主要內(nèi)容：談?wù)撌澄锢速M(fèi)問(wèn)題，并給出一些解決方案和號(hào)召全民重視該問(wèn)題。19.C?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)理解題，難度較小。Whowantstoeatfoodthatisthrownawayaswaste?That’sexactlywhatworldleadersdidatalunchheldbytheUnitedNationin2015.結(jié)合第二段首句可知各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人吃了被當(dāng)做垃圾扔掉的水果和蔬菜做成的食物。20.B?？疾樵~義猜測(cè)題，難度適中。通過(guò)第二段可知，這個(gè)活動(dòng)是為了讓領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者更多地關(guān)注食物浪費(fèi)問(wèn)題。21.C。考查段落結(jié)構(gòu)題，難度適中，通過(guò)文章中“firstly,secondly,finally”可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，作者通過(guò)提問(wèn)和舉例說(shuō)明的方式來(lái)編寫這個(gè)段落。22.D。考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，難度較小。根據(jù)第五段第二句“Visitfastfoodrestaurantlessoften,sincetheyusuallymorewasteful.”去快餐店會(huì)造成更多的浪費(fèi)。(2018·浙江杭州)CBananasaretheperfectsnack.Notonlyaretheysweetanddelicious,buttheyareeasytocarryaround,soyoucantakethemanywhere.Bestofall,bananasprovidedifferentthingsthatthehumanbodyneeds!Bananasgrowbestinwarmplacesthatgetlotsofrain.Theygrowonplantsthatlookliketrees.Thebananaplant,however,isconsideredaherbratherthanatreebecauseitdoesn’thaveastrong,woodystem（莖，干）.Theplantscangrowashighas30feet.Whentheyreachtheirfullheight,flowersgrowoutfromthestem.Theseflowersproducebananas.Twoorthreetimeseachyear,theplantsproducefruit.Thebananasgrowtogether,whichseemlike“hands”.Ahandismadeupof10to20bananas.Growerssometimescallbananas“fingers”.Eachbunch（叢）ofbananashasabout15hands,andsoawholebunchmayhaveasmanyas200bananasandcanweighmorethan100pounds.Afteraboutthreemonths,thebananasarereadytobepicked.Atthispoint,theystillaren’tthesunnyyellowcolorofbananas.Farmerspickthemwhenthey’regreen.That’showthey’reshippedtostores.Theyturnyellowalongthewayandarereadytobesold.Ifyoulovebananas,you’vegotalotofcompany.AmericanshavebeenenjoyingbananassincethefirstshipmentarrivedintheUnitedStatesin1876.Today,Americaneatmorebananasthananyotherfruit.Morebananasaresoldthanapplesandgrapestogether.EveryAmericaneatsover26poundsofbananaseachyear!23.Thefirstparagraphmainlytalksabout___________.A.whypeoplelikebananasB.howbananastasteC.whatbananasarerichinD.wherebananasaretaken24.Whatisthecorrectorderinwhichthesehappen?a.Thebananasbegintoturnyellow b.Abananaplantgrowstofullheight.C.Theflowersproducebananas. d.Thebananasarereadytobepicked.A.c-b-a-d B.b-c-d-a C.b-c-a-d D.c-b-d-a25.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thebananaplantisakindoftree.B.Bananaslikegrowinginhotanddryareas.C.Onebunchofbananasmayweighover100pounds.D.Thebananaplantusuallyproducesfruitonceayear.26.WhichisthesecondmostpopularfruitinAmericaaccordingtothebarchart?A.Apples. B.Grapes. C.Bananas. D.Oranges體裁說(shuō)明文話題科普知識(shí)詞數(shù)272【主旨大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要從香蕉的營(yíng)養(yǎng)、生長(zhǎng)、生產(chǎn)、出售等方面進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的介紹。23.A?？疾橹髦即笠忸}。通過(guò)第一段的關(guān)鍵詞“perfect”、“provide”，關(guān)鍵句“notonly...butalso”可知，第一段主要講的是為什么人們喜歡香蕉。故選A。24.B?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀全文可知，b出現(xiàn)在第二段倒數(shù)第二句，再是c出現(xiàn)在第二段倒數(shù)第一句，d出現(xiàn)在第四段第一句，最后a出現(xiàn)在第四段最后一句，故B為正確選項(xiàng)。25.C?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合文中第二段第三句：thebananaplan，however，isconsideredaherb可排除A項(xiàng)。結(jié)合文中第二段的第一句：bananasgrowbestinwarmplacesthatgetlotsofrain可排除B項(xiàng)。根據(jù)第三段第一句twoorthreetimeseachyear排除D項(xiàng)。根據(jù)第三段最后一句canweighmorethan100pounds相符合。故選C。26.A?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)題。此類題目需要結(jié)合表格，尋找題干關(guān)鍵詞，與表格信息對(duì)應(yīng)。題干關(guān)鍵詞“thesecondmostpopular”對(duì)應(yīng)表格第二高的樹(shù)狀圖，定位apples。故選A。(2018·浙江杭州)DThereisapopularChinesesayingthat“Fairskin(皮膚)willmakeupforthreeflaws(缺陷)”.ThismentionsthefactthatinChineseculture,itisbelievedthatpeoplewhohavefairskinaremorebeautiful.Inculture,however,theoppositeistrue—manyWesternersthinktannedskinisprettier.Theexampleshowsthatdifferentcultureshavedifferentideasofwhattheythinkisbeautiful.Theseculturalmeaningsofbeauty,however,arenolongerimportant.Asmoreandmorepeopletraveloverseas,ideasaboutbeautyarebeingsharedamongcultures.TheInternethasalsomadeiteasierforpeopletosharedifferenttypesofbeautysincepeoplearealwayspostingpicturesonsocialmedia.Theresultisanever-changingideaofwhatisconsideredbeautiful.Theculturalpracticeofearpiercings,forexample,hasbecomeapartofmoderndayculture.InKenya,itisatraditionamongMasaimenandwomentopierceandthenmaketheirearlobes(耳垂)longerusingivoryandwoodorstones.Theythenwearcolorfulthingsontheirearlobes.Thisisacommonpracticesincelongerearlobesareseenasasignofbeauty.Thistraditionhasnowfounditswayintopresent-dayculture.Nowadays,thismightstillseemunusualtosome,butwithmoreandmorewell-knownactorsandfilmstarsshowingofftheirlongerearlobes,itwillfinallybecomemorefashionable.Itisunderstoodthatdifferentculturesaroundtheworldhavedifferentwaysofshowingbeauty.However,sincewenowliveinaworldwidesociety,people’sviewsaboutbeautyarealwayschanging.WiththehelpoftheInternet,peoplearenowabletoeasilyborrowideasfromotherculturestohelpthemstandout.Sowhatnewfashionscanweexpecttoseeinthefuture?Whathasmadeiteasierforpeopletoshareideasaboutbeauty?A.Thedevelopmentoftechnology. B.Thepopularityofthelatestfashions.C.Theunchangedculturaltraditions. D.Theworld’sgrowingpopulation.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheMasaipeoplefromthepassage?A.Longerearlobesaretheirnewfashion.B.Onlywomenmaketheirearlobeslonger.C.Theythinklongerearlobeslookbeautiful.D.Theymakeactorsandfilmstarsfamous.Theunderlinedword“them”inthelastparagraphrefersto .A.people B.ideas C.cultures D.fashionsWhatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.PeopleinAsiancountrieslikefairskinbetter.B.Beautyisconsideredimportantinmanycultures.C.Differentcultureshavedifferentideasaboutbeauty.D.People’sideasaboutbeautyarechangingallthetime體裁說(shuō)明文話題社會(huì)行為詞數(shù)307【主旨大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了不同國(guó)家，不同民族，不同文化對(duì)美的不同解讀，以及人們審美觀點(diǎn)的變化。27.A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后倒數(shù)第二句“withthehelpoftheInternet,peoplearenoweasilyborrowideasfromotherculturestohelpthemstandout”可知，科技的發(fā)展使得人們對(duì)美的看法更容易傳播。故選A。28.C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知，Masai人民會(huì)穿耳洞，用象牙、木頭和石頭讓耳垂變大的目的是為了美。故選C。29.A。詞義推理題。根據(jù)文中最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“WiththehelpoftheInternet,peoplearenowabletoeasilyborrowideasfromotherculturestohelpthemstandout.”可知，此處them指的是people。故選A。30.D?？疾橹髦即笠忸}。這篇文章第一段最后一句和最后一段第二句，都是文章中心句，都表明了人們對(duì)美的理解是一直在變的。故選D。(2018·浙江杭州)第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）下面文章中有五處（第31-35題）需要添加小標(biāo)題。請(qǐng)從以下選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D、E和F）中選出符合各段意思的小標(biāo)題。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)是多余選項(xiàng)。Fivewaystomakeagreatfirstimpression（印象）!Researchershavediscoveredthat,ingeneral,itonlytakessevensecondsforapersontostartmakingjudgmentsaboutyouwhentheyfirstmeetyou.That’swhyyoushouldfollowtheseusefultipsonhowtocreateagoodfirstimpression.31. Beforemeetingsomeone,startthinkingaboutthepurposeofthemeeting.Areyoutryingtoimpressthem?Forexample,ifyouwanttomakenewfriendsatasocialevent,youwillwanttoappearfriendly.Andifyoudecidetorunforclasspresidentatyourschool,youwillneedtoappearconfident（自信）.32. Smilingisthemostimportantthingyoucandowhenmeetingsomeonenew.Itshowsthatyou’refriendlyandmakespeoplearoundyoufeelmorecomfortable.Tohaveawinningsmile,makesureyourteetharecleanbybrushingthemeveryday.33. Beforeyoubeginspeaking,youwillbejudgedonyourbodylanguage.Therefore,it’simportanttoshowtrustinyourselfbystandinguptallandputtingyourshouldersback.Besides,ifyouuncrossyourarms,youwillappearrelaxedandfriendly.34. Howyousmellcaninfluencepeople’sfirstimpressionofyou.Ifyouhaveabadbodysmell,itwillputpeopleoff.Inshort,aimtosmellcleanandavoidputtingonalotofscentedproducts.35. Whatyouwearmatters.Whileyoushouldlookcleanandtidy,alsoimportanttodressproperly,whetheryou’regoingtoabirthdaypartyorasportingevent.shouldthinkaboutwhatyourclothessayaboutyou.SmellgoodDresstoimpressGetreadyforaspeechAsmilegoesalongwayBecarefulaboutyourbodylanguageDecidewhatimage（形象）youwanttopresent【解題思路】此類任務(wù)型閱讀主要是考察考生對(duì)于每段大意的把握。這篇文章體裁是說(shuō)明文。從標(biāo)題中也可以看出，文章主要圍繞建立良好的第一印象的五種方式進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。31.F。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“purposeofthemeeting”，“appearfriendly”，“appearconfident”可知此段主要是說(shuō)你想要展現(xiàn)的形象，故選F。32.D。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“smiling”可知此段主要是說(shuō)微笑的重要性，故選D。33.E。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“bodylanguage”，可知此段主要是說(shuō)肢體語(yǔ)言的重要性，故選E。34.A。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“smell”可知此段主要是說(shuō)氣味的重要性，故選A。35.B。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“dress”可知此段主要是說(shuō)穿著的重要性，故選B。第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分25分）(2018·浙江杭州)第一節(jié)：完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）通讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。MyfriendsandIjoinedatwo-daysurvival（生存）trainingcourseinthemountains.Thefirstdaywasreally36—therewassomuchtodo!Arrivingatthecampsite,weweredividedintogroupsandgivenatent,somefood,a37andacompass（指南針）.Standingnexttoasmallriver,Fanny38campinginthegrassyareanearby.However,ourinstructor,Mr.Lee,pointedoutthatitmightflood（淹沒(méi)）ifitrained.Intheend,wefounda39area.Puttingupthetentwasveryhard.40Mr.Leehelpedusalot.Bythetimewehadputupthetent,41wasreallyhungry.“Wewouldn’thavegotthishungryifwehadbroughtsomesnacks.”Petersaid.Wealltoldhimto42complaining（抱怨）andhelpusstartafiretocookourfood43.Realizingwewerehavingtroublemakingthefire,hefinally44.Thenextdaystartedearly.Wokenbyastrangenoise.Peterwenttoseewhatwas45.“Somecowshaveeatenourbreakfast!”heshouted.“That’sallbecauseyoudidn’t46thefoodproperlylastnight.”saidMr.Lee.WorriedthatMr.Leewasangrywithus,wetriedveryhardonournext 47 －usingthemapandcompasstofindasecretlocation.Wemadeittothelocation 48 theothergroupsdid.Weallfeltveryproudof49.Thesurvivaltrainingcoursewasagreat 50 .NowIfeelIcouldsurviveanywhere!36.A.disappointingB.difficultC.differentD.boring37.A.mapB.bookC.lightD.knife38.A.suggestedB.finishedC.imaginedD.enjoyed39.A.nearerB.lowerC.biggerD.higher40.A.SurprisinglyB.SuddenlyC.LuckilyD.Usually41.A.everyoneB.anyoneC.someoneD.noone42.A.startB.mindC.stopD.continue43.A.yetB.tooC.againD.instead44.A.helpedoutB.gaveoutC.workedoutD.startedout45.A.developingB.happeningC.beginningD.following46.A.throwoffB.putawayC.eatupD.sellout47.A.planB.lessonC.taskD.problem48.A.tillB.afterC.whenD.before49.A.himB.themC.youD.ourselves50.A.exampleB.experienceC.activityD.competition體裁記敘文話題生活經(jīng)歷詞數(shù)273【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了我和我的朋友們參加生存訓(xùn)練課的經(jīng)歷?！窘忸}思路】36.B考查形容詞。通過(guò)后文對(duì)第一天的描述，例如需要搭建帳篷、生火等。作者評(píng)論“Puttingupthetentwasveryhard.”以及“weweretroublemakingthefire…”，所以第一天是充滿困難的。37.A考查名詞。根據(jù)文章在山上參加生存訓(xùn)練課，除了需要帳篷、食物、指南針之外，還需要地圖。并且第四段也有提到map。38.A考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上文，我們需要搭建帳篷，于是Fanny建議露營(yíng)在草地旁。suggest建議；finish完成；imagine想象；enjoy享受；所以選A39.D考查形容詞。根據(jù)后文Mr.Lee指出，如果下雨，我們建在草地邊的帳篷會(huì)被淹掉。水往低處走，所以我們應(yīng)建在更高的地方。40.C考查副詞。根據(jù)空格前，搭帳篷很困難，空格后又稱Mr.Lee幫助了我們，所以我們表示很幸運(yùn)。surprisingly，令人驚訝地；suddenly，突然地；luckily，幸運(yùn)地是；usually，不同尋常地。41.A考查代詞。根據(jù)后文Peter說(shuō)“如果我們帶了零食，就不會(huì)在這挨餓了?！币约昂竺嫔鹱鲲垼f(shuō)明每個(gè)人都很餓。42.C考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)后文讓他來(lái)幫助我們一起生火，所以是停止抱怨。start“開(kāi)始”；mind，“介意；stop，“停止”；continue，“繼續(xù)”；所以選C。43.D考查副詞。我們告訴Peter不要抱怨，而是來(lái)幫我們一起生火。yet，“然而”；too，“也”；again，“再一次”；instead，“替代，而是”；44.A考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上文可判斷，意識(shí)到我們生火有麻煩時(shí)，他最終來(lái)幫忙了。helpout，“協(xié)助”；giveout，“發(fā)表；用完”；workout，“解決；制定”；startout，“開(kāi)始；著手”。45.B考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)前文，我們被奇怪的聲音吵醒，所以Peter跑出去看發(fā)生了什么。develop，“發(fā)展；happen，“發(fā)生”；begin，“開(kāi)始”；follow，“跟隨”。46.B考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上文食物被奶牛吃了，Mr.Lee對(duì)Peter說(shuō)是因?yàn)樽蛲頉](méi)有把食物正確儲(chǔ)存起來(lái)。throwoff，“擺脫”；putaway，“存儲(chǔ)”；eatup，“吃完”；sellout，“賣完”。47.C考查名詞?？崭窈笃普厶?hào)表示解釋說(shuō)明，句意“需要用地圖和指南針找到一個(gè)秘密地。”所以這是一項(xiàng)任務(wù)。plan，“計(jì)劃”；lesson，“課程”；task，“任務(wù)”；problem，“問(wèn)題”。48.D考查連詞。句意：我們?cè)谄渌M找到之前成功找到了秘密地。till“直到……才”；after“在……之后”；when“當(dāng)……時(shí)”；before“在……之前”。49.D考查代詞?？崭袼诘木渥又髡Z(yǔ)是we。beproudofoneself，為某人感到自豪。所以選D。50.B考查名詞。句意：生存訓(xùn)練是一項(xiàng)很棒的經(jīng)歷。example，“例子”；experience，“經(jīng)歷”；activity，“活動(dòng)”；competition，“競(jìng)賽”。第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)應(yīng)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分25分）(2018·浙江杭州)第二節(jié)：（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。將答案填寫在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置。Nexttimeyouholdabookinyourhands,stopandthink.Likemostotherthingsinthemodernworld,itistheresultofthousandsofyearsofhumaninvention.First,cametheinventionofwriting, 51 (probable)about5500yearago.Withwriting,peopledidnothavetoremembereverythingintheirheads.Theycouldcommunicatewithpeoplethattheynever 52 (see)andsharetheirknowledgewithfuturegenerations.Later,theGreekswerewell-donefortheirliterature(文學(xué))andscience,buttheir“books”lookedverydifferent53thebooksoftoday.Theywerecalledscrolls(卷軸).Theyweredifficulttouseandtookalotofspaceinalibrary.About2,000yearsago,bookswithlotsofpages54(invent).Formorethanathousandyears,thepagesofbooksweremadefromanimalskin.Thatchangedin 55 thirteenthcentury,whenEuropeanslearnedaboutavery 56 Chineseinvention:paper.ButthebiggestchangeforbooksinEuropecamein1439,whenJohannesGutenberginventedtheprintingpress.Beforethat,booksinEuropewerecopiedbyhand,sotheywereveryexpensive.Manymorepeoplecouldaffordthebooks 57 wereproducedonaprintingpress.Thesedaysitisdifficult 58 (imagine)aworldwithoutbooks.Buthumaninventiondoesnotstop.Everyyear,more 59 (story)areboughtase-booksandreadonascreen.Willanyoneturnthepagesofatraditionalbookinthefuture, 60 willbooks,scrolls,soondisappear?【解題思路】51.probably考查副詞。“大概5500年以前”是句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故填probably。句意：首先來(lái)說(shuō)一下寫作的由來(lái)，大概在5500年以前。52.saw考查時(shí)態(tài)。此處的saw是定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，考慮時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)主句中的could判斷從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填saw。句意：他們能夠與他們從來(lái)沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)的人們交流，和子孫后代們分享他們的知識(shí)。53.from/to/than考查介詞。bedifferentfrom/to/than表示“與……不同”。句意：后來(lái)，希臘人因他們的文學(xué)和科學(xué)而著名，但是他們的“書籍”看起來(lái)和現(xiàn)在的書籍非常不同。54.wereinvented考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。書和發(fā)明之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，books是復(fù)數(shù)，故填wereinvented。句意：大約2000年以前，有很多書頁(yè)的書被發(fā)明了。55.the考查冠詞。inthe+序數(shù)詞+century表示“在第幾世紀(jì)”，序數(shù)詞前用定冠詞the。句意：書頁(yè)由獸皮制作的那種現(xiàn)象在13世紀(jì)發(fā)生改變。56.useful考查形容詞。invention是名詞，發(fā)明，形容詞修飾名詞，故填useful。句意：當(dāng)歐洲人了解到中國(guó)一個(gè)非常有用的發(fā)明紙的時(shí)候。57.that/which考查定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是物：thebooks，