2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語UNIT5WORKINGTHELANDSectionⅣ單元要點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)課時作業(yè)含解析新人教版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGEPAGE1課時作業(yè)20eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ.閱讀理解)Wheatisamainsourceoffoodforpeopleacrosstheplanet,accountingforafifthofthecaloriesconsumedglobally.Butasaresultofclimatechange,scientistsbelievemostpartsoftheworldwherethecropisgrownwillbehitbywatershortagesbytheendofthecentury.AndtheUScouldbeamongthecountriesworstaffected,theauthorsoftheresearchpublishedinthejournalScienceAdvancestoldNews-week.Ifclimatechangeisn'tdealtwith,bytheyear2100,60percentofareasthatgrowwheatwillbehitbywaterscarcity—upfromthecurrentlevelof15percent,accordingtotheinternationalteamofscientists.Co-authorsMiroslavTrnkaandSongFengtoldNewsweekthatintheirpreviousresearch,theyhadshownclimatechangemaycausesoiltobecomelessmoist(潮濕的)acrossmostmainlandUSstates,includingthosewherewheatisgrown.Asaresult,theUScouldbe“oneofthetopmostaffectedwheatproducers”intermsoftheincreaseinareasaffectedbyseveredroughts，theysaidinajointstatement.Worryingly,existingresearchhaspredicteda4.0to6.5percentdropinglobalwheatproductionper1degreeCelsiusofwarmingifclimatechangeisn'teased.Andit'sunlikelythatwheatcanbereplacedifwaterbecomesscarce,asit'snotasthirstyasothercropsandcandowithoutwaterforarelativelylongperiodoftime.“Ifmultipleregionsareaffectedbydroughtatthesametime，itmightbedifficulttomeetthedemandevenifthetraderoutesstayopenandarenotrestrictedbygovernmentalmeasures，”warnedFengandTrnka.However，hesaid，“Studiesshowthatifwecontinuouslyimprovethesustainabilityandtechnologiesinthecomingdecadesandallowforinternationaltrade,wemayovercomethenegativeimpactsofclimatechange.”文章大意：科學(xué)家認(rèn)為由于氣候改變，到本世紀(jì)末，世界上大部分種植小麥的地區(qū)將受到缺水的影響，假如氣候改變不得到緩解，全球小麥的產(chǎn)量將會削減。1．Howwillclimatechangehurtwheatproduction?A．Byloweringthetemperature.B．Byreducingthewatersupply.C．Bypollutingthesoil.D．Byfloodingthefield.答案：B解析：考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)第一段其次句可知，由于氣候改變，小麥種植地將受到缺水的影響，又依據(jù)第四段可知，缺水會影響小麥產(chǎn)量，故選B。2．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A．WheatproductioncauseddroughtsinmostmainlandUSstates.B．TheUnitedStatesisthebiggestwheatproducerintheworld.C．TheUnitedStateswillsufferalotfromclimatechange.D．ClimatechangeiscloselywatchedbyAmericanscientists.答案：C解析：考查推理推斷。依據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“theUScouldbe‘oneofthetopmostaffectedwheatproducers’”可推知，美國將在氣候改變中受到很大影響，故選C。3．Whyiswheatunlikelytobereplacedbyothercropsinadrought?A．Itistheprimaryfoodformostcountries.B．Itisnotinfluencedbyglobalwarming.C．Itiswidelygrowninmostcountries.D．Itneedslesswaterthanothercrops.答案：D解析：考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)第四段最終一句可知，小麥不像其他作物那樣那么須要水，在相當(dāng)長的一段時間內(nèi)沒有水也能生存，因此小麥不太可能被其他作物取代，故選D。4．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Health.B．Science.C．Education.D．Entertainment.答案：B解析：考查推理推斷。通讀全文可知，這是一篇有關(guān)氣候改變對小麥產(chǎn)量的影響的文章，由此可推知，本文可能出現(xiàn)在報紙的科學(xué)版塊，故選B。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.七選五)Universitiesnowcatertostudents'dietswithcustomizable(可定制的)menus.Today'scollegedininghallsarelikefast-casualchainrestaurantswithafocusonhealthy,protein-andvegetable-centricdishes.__1__Thecollegefoodbusinessisbooming,nowassessedat$18billion,accordingtoTechnomic.That'supfrom$12.4billionadecadeagoandcloseto$1.89billionin1972,whentheChicago-basedfoodindustryresearchfirmstartedtrackingit.__2__Collegesnowuseeverythingtoappealtostudents.High-schoolerscanturntoavarietyofonlinesources(信息來源)toscancollegefoodratingsastheymaketheirapplicationchoices.__3__Itcanmakeitorbreakitifthey'relininguptwoschools,withallotherthingsbeingequal.Forsomestudents,it'saconcernaboutallergies,suchasnuts,dairyproductsorsoy.Othersarecommittedtoeatingonlylocalfoods.__4__OneofthreeAmericansfollowsaspecificdiet,accordingtotheInternationalFoodInformationCouncil.Theorganizationfoundthenumberisevenhigheramongthoseages18to34.__5__Thereareanincreasingnumberofnationalrestaurantchainsopeningonornearcampuses.Fooddeliveryplatforms,includingUberEatsandDoorDash,bringfarefromlocaleateriestothedormrooms.SchoolcafeteriasmustpleasestudentswhogrewupwithhighexpectationsfromhavingwatchedtheFoodNetworkandfollowingfoodtrendsonline.“Wehavetobeascompetitiveasfastfoodandevenfinedining，”saidLisaFeldman,directorofrecipemanagementinauniversity.A．Foodtrendscatchonfastatcolleges.B．Foodispartofdecisionforalotofpeople.C．Collegedininghallswanttodeliverforstudents.D．Everyonewantstobesuretheirdietsareaddressed.E．In2024,theindustryisexpectedtoapproach$18.7billion.F．Collegefoodoperationsneedtograduallysharpentheirfoodgame.G．Menusforavarietyofdietsarethenewnormalatcollegedininghalls.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。當(dāng)前，各大高校為吸引學(xué)生，用可定制的菜單去迎合學(xué)生的飲食需求。1．G解析：考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)空前的“customizable(可定制的)menus”“collegedininghalls”可知，G項(xiàng)中的“Menusforavarietyofdiets”“collegedininghalls”與上文對應(yīng)，故G項(xiàng)符合語境。2．E解析：考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)空前的“nowassessedat$18billion”可知，E項(xiàng)承接上文，說明在2024年高校食品德業(yè)的估價將接近187億美元。3．B解析：考查承上啟下。依據(jù)空前的“scancollegefoodratingsastheymaketheirapplicationchoices”和空后的“Itcanmakeitorbreakitifthey'relininguptwoschools,withallotherthingsbeingequal”可知，B項(xiàng)“對許多人來說，食物是確定的一部分”符合語境，起到承上啟下的作用。4．D解析：考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)空前的“Forsomestudents...Othersarecommittedtoeatingonlylocalfoods.”可知，D項(xiàng)“每一個人都想確保自己的飲食需求被滿意”符合語境。5．F解析：考查段落主旨。依據(jù)空后的內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講解并描述高校食堂應(yīng)當(dāng)與時俱進(jìn)，提高自身競爭力，迎合學(xué)生的高期望。故F項(xiàng)最能概括本段內(nèi)容。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ.完形填空)AcoupleinOhioaccidentallydroppedoffabagcontainingalmost$100,000atanOhiocharityshop.Thanksto__1__employees，theygotthemoneyback.Theemployeesweregoingthrough__2__lastweekwhentheycameacrossa__3__.Insidewas$97,004.“Itwassomuchcash，”employeeKelseyCroysaid.“Ilookedinthebagandwe__4__itrightthereonthedesk.Anditwas$97,004.”Thankfully，theowners__5__areceiptfortaxpurposeswhentheydroppedoff__6__thatmorning.Theemployees__7__calledthecouplebuttherewasno__8__.Notwantingto__9__thatamountofcashinthestore，theycalledintheZanesvillePoliceDepartment.__10__repeatedcalls，officersfinallygotaholdofthecouple.Thecouplehadn'trealizedthemoneywas__11__.Theytoldpolicetheywithdrewalltheirmoneytoanotherbank.Ontheway，they__12__atthecharityshoptodonateabagofclothes.That's__13__themoneyendedupthere.“Whenwefinally__14__them，theyjustaskediftheycouldgetitsometimetomorrow.”theofficersaid.Thecouplehassincemadecontactwiththeoriginal__15__whofoundthemoneytothankthem.“I'mjustgladthatImeetwithabunchofhonestandloyalpeople，”Croysaid.文章大意：本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了一對夫婦在雇員們的幫助下找到了丟失的錢。1．A.honestB．generousC.brave D.clever答案：A解析：考查形容詞辨析。honest誠懇的；generous大方的；brave英勇的；clever聰慧的。多虧了誠懇的員工，他們拿回了錢。故選A。2．A.goods B．donationsC.food D.money答案：B解析：考查名詞辨析。goods貨物；donations捐贈物；food食物；money金錢。員工們上周正在檢查捐贈物資，這時他們發(fā)覺了一個袋子。里面是97004美元。故選B。3．A.suitcase B．box C.bag D.wallet答案：C解析：考查名詞辨析。suitcase手提箱；box盒子；bag袋子；wallet錢包。員工們上周正在檢查捐贈物資，這時他們發(fā)覺了一個袋子。里面是97004美元。故選C。4．A.put B．counted C.hid D.cleared答案：B解析：考查動詞辨析。put投入；counted計(jì)數(shù)；hid隱藏；cleared清除。我往袋里看了看，并且在桌子上細(xì)致地?cái)?shù)了數(shù)。故選B。5．A.askedfor B．a(chǎn)skedaboutC.gaveup D.gaveout答案：A解析：考查短語動詞辨析。askedfor要求；askedabout問及；gaveup放棄；gaveout發(fā)出。6．A.cards B．fruits C.bills D.clothes答案：D解析：考查名詞辨析。cards卡片；fruits水果；bills票據(jù)；clothes衣服。謝天謝地，那天早上放下衣服時，捐贈衣物的主子因?yàn)槎悇?wù)的緣由要了一張收據(jù)。故選D。7．A.surprisingly B．hesitatinglyC.eventually D.immediately答案：D解析：考查副詞辨析。surprisingly出人意料地；hesitatingly遲疑地；eventually最終；immediately馬上。雇員們馬上打電話給這對夫婦，但沒有得到答復(fù)。故選D。8．A.concern B．informationC.reply D.letter答案：C解析：考查名詞辨析。concern關(guān)注；information信息；reply答復(fù)；letter信件。雇員們馬上打電話給這對夫婦，但沒有得到答復(fù)。故選C。9．A.deposit B．leave C．waste D.spend答案：B解析：考查動詞辨析。deposit存款；leave留下；waste奢侈；spend花費(fèi)。不想把那筆錢留在店里，他們打電話到Zanesville警察局。故選B。10．A.After B．During C.Before D.In答案：A解析：考查介詞辨析。經(jīng)過多次通話，警官最終找到了這對夫婦。故選A。11．A.found B．missing C.stolen D.forgotten答案：B解析：考查動詞辨析。found找到；missing失蹤；stolen被偷；forgotten遺忘。這對夫婦還沒有意識到錢不見了。故選B。12．A.stopped B．sighedC.quarreled D.wandered答案：A解析：考查動詞辨析。stopped停下；sighed嘆息；quarreled爭吵；wandered游蕩。在路上，他們在慈善商店停下來捐贈一袋衣服。故選A。13．A.why B．whenC.where D.how答案：D解析：考查關(guān)聯(lián)詞辨析。錢就是這樣到那兒的。故選D。14．A.inspectedon B．gotridofC．gotthrough D.droppedinon答案：C解析：考查短語動詞辨析。inspectedon視察；gotridof擺脫；gotthrough接通電話；droppedinon順道探望。當(dāng)我們最終打通他們電話時，他們只是問他們明天能不能拿到錢。故選C。15．A.police B．officersC.customers D.employees答案：D解析：考查名詞辨析。police警察；officers軍官；customers顧客；employees雇員。此后，這對夫婦為了感謝幫他們找到錢的員工們與他們?nèi)〉昧寺?lián)系。故選D。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅳ.語法填空)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thereareseveralreasonswhyschooluniformsareagoodidea.Firstofall,uniformshelptheschoollooksmart.Thestudentsfeelthattheybelongtoaparticulargroup.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobody__1__(have)toworryaboutfashion(時尚).Everybodywears__2__samestyleofclothes.Uniformscanbeusefulinunexpectedways.AschoolinIrelandhasintroducedaninterestingnewuniform.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth__3__givesofflightinthedark.Whenthechildrenarewalkingor__4__(cycle)toschoolondarkmornings,cardrivescan__5__(easy)seethem.Butcanuniformshelpimproveschoolstandards?Theanswer__6__thisquestionisnotclear.OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudents'grades__7__(improve)alittleaftertheschoolintroduceduniforms.Butsomestudentsdidn'twant__8__(wear)theuniform.OtherAmericanstudiesshowedno__9__(connect)betweenuniformsandschoolperformance.Schooluniformsare__10__(tradition)inBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridofthem.Someverygoodschoolsdon'thaveauniformpolicy.However,uniformsarestillpopular.Pupilsatabout90percentofBritishsecondaryschoolswearuniforms.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了