考向22賓語(yǔ)從句(講練結(jié)合)(重點(diǎn))(原卷版+解析)-備戰(zhàn)2022年中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)微專題(浙江專用)

考向22賓語(yǔ)從句The8-year-oldboyaskedhisparents________.A．whatlifewouldbelikeiftheymovedtotheUSB．whichfloorwouldtheyliveoninthehotelC．howtheycalledamanwholikesshowingoffD．whencouldhehavehisownbedroom賓語(yǔ)從句是中考必考考點(diǎn)之一，主要考查的是時(shí)態(tài)及賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序，有時(shí)也會(huì)考查賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞?？疾榈闹饕问绞菃雾?xiàng)填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。閱讀理解和書(shū)面表達(dá)肯定也會(huì)考查到賓語(yǔ)從句。因此學(xué)生要熟練掌握賓語(yǔ)從句的用法。中考考查重點(diǎn)：1.引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞和代詞選擇；2.賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序；3.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)?？枷蛞?賓語(yǔ)從句的種類賓語(yǔ)從句是一種名詞性從句，在句中作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，或介詞的賓語(yǔ)，或形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的不同連詞，賓語(yǔ)從句可分為三類。1.由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。that只有語(yǔ)法作用，沒(méi)有實(shí)在的意義，在口語(yǔ)和非正式文體中可以省略。Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.2.由連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which和連接副詞when,where,why,how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.3.由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。if和whether在句中的意思是＂是否＂。Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.考向二:賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)為陳述句的語(yǔ)序，即按照主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)的順序。1.陳述句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句，語(yǔ)序不變，即仍用陳述語(yǔ)序。Heisanhonestboy.Theteachersaid.→Theteachersaid(that)hewasanhonestboy.2.一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句，語(yǔ)序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z(yǔ)序。Doesheworkhard?Iwonder.→Iwonderif/whetherheworkshard.【典例】MissGreendidn’ttellus_______________in2002.A.wheredoesshelive B.WhereshelivesC.wheredidshelive D.whereshelived【答案】D【解析】該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用陳述句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)，故選D?？枷蛉?賓語(yǔ)從句主句與從句時(shí)態(tài)一致的問(wèn)題。1.如果主句是現(xiàn)在的某種時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)），那么賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。Irememberhegavemeabookyesterday.Hehastoldmethathe’llleaveforNewYorktomorrrow.Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswhereheis.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?【典例】1.Wouldyoupleasetellme_______________?A.whendidhecomehomeB.wherehewouldplayfootballC.ifhehadseenthefilmD.whyhedidn’twatchthegame【答案】D【解析】該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。主句用的實(shí)際上是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句在這個(gè)句子里應(yīng)用陳述句的語(yǔ)序和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。2.Idon’tknowwhen_______________.A.willthetrainleave B.thetrainwillleaveC.wouldthetrainleave D.thetrainleave【答案】B【解析】該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。只有B項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)上符合要求。2.如果主句是過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)），那么賓語(yǔ)從句一定要用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)）。Hetoldmethathewouldtakepartinthehighjump.Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheUSsoon.3.如果賓語(yǔ)從句表示的是客觀事實(shí)或真理，即使主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.Hetoldmethattheearthisround.賓語(yǔ)從句須注意，幾點(diǎn)事項(xiàng)應(yīng)牢記。一是關(guān)鍵引導(dǎo)詞，不同句子詞相異。陳述句子用that；一般疑問(wèn)是否(if，whether)替；特殊問(wèn)句更好辦，引導(dǎo)還用疑問(wèn)詞。二是時(shí)態(tài)常變化，主句不同從句異。主句若為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)看意；主句若為過(guò)去時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)向前移。三是語(yǔ)序要記清，從句永保陳述序。that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句that是賓語(yǔ)從句的一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞，放在主句和從句之間。它引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句由陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)，故從句的語(yǔ)序不變。在that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，that作連接代詞，無(wú)意義，在句中不作任何成分，在口語(yǔ)或非正式的文體中通?？梢允÷浴Ｒ?、that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的用法1.位置：that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（及物動(dòng)詞）、介詞或形容詞之后。=1\*GB3①作及物動(dòng)詞，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的賓語(yǔ)。如：ShesaysthatshewillhelpmelearnEnglishthisevening.她說(shuō)今天晚上她會(huì)幫我學(xué)英語(yǔ)。=2\*GB3②作介詞的賓語(yǔ)：連詞that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句很少作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，只用在except，but，in之后。如：Heisagoodboyexceptthatheiscareless.他是一個(gè)好男孩，只是有點(diǎn)兒粗心。=3\*GB3③作＂be+形容詞＂結(jié)構(gòu)的賓語(yǔ)。某些形容詞或過(guò)去分詞后常接賓語(yǔ)從句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，連詞that可省略。如：I’mhappy(that)Ipassedtheexam.我很高興我通過(guò)了考試。2.時(shí)態(tài)：主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)具體情況選用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)；主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句中也必須用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。試比較：Hesaysthathewantstoseehimassoonaspossible.他說(shuō)他想盡快見(jiàn)到他。Hesaidthathewantedtoseehimassoonaspossible.他說(shuō)他想盡快見(jiàn)到他?！咎貏e提醒】當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而賓語(yǔ)從句的內(nèi)容表示的是客觀真理、事實(shí)、科學(xué)原理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言警句、格言、諺語(yǔ)等時(shí)，此時(shí)賓語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，這些情況下不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制。如：Theteachertoldusthattheearthgoesroundthesun.老師告訴我們地球圍繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。 3.引導(dǎo)詞that可以省略的幾種情況：引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞that通?？梢允÷裕篠hesaid(that)shewouldcometothemeeting.她說(shuō)過(guò)要來(lái)開(kāi)會(huì)的。Ipromiseyou(that)Iwillbethere.我答應(yīng)你我會(huì)去的。Ihoped(that)Iwould/shouldsucceed.我曾希望我會(huì)成功。Hethinks(that)theywillgivehimavisa.他想他們會(huì)給他簽證。Hethought(that)theywouldgivehimavisa.他本想他們會(huì)給他簽證。Iexpect(that)theplanewillbediverted.我料想飛機(jī)會(huì)改變航線。Iexpected(that)theplanewouldbediverted.我本料想飛機(jī)會(huì)改變航線。Everybodyknows(that)moneydoesn’tgrowontrees.眾所周知，金錢(qián)是不會(huì)從樹(shù)上長(zhǎng)出來(lái)的。Isuggested(that)theyshould/shouldn’tdrivealongthecoast.我建議他們沿著/不要沿著海岸開(kāi)車(chē)?！咀⒁狻坑袝r(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句可位于句首，此時(shí)that不可省略：ThatsheisagoodgirlIknow.她是一個(gè)好姑娘，我是知道的。4.引導(dǎo)詞that不能省略的幾種情況：that在引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，并不是在任何情況下都可以省略，在以下幾種情況下，that不能省略。=1\*GB3①?gòu)木涞闹髡Z(yǔ)是that時(shí)，that不能省略；Weknowthatisaninterestingfilm.我們知道那是一部有趣的電影。=2\*GB3②and連接的兩個(gè)表示陳述意義的賓語(yǔ)從句并列時(shí)，有時(shí)省去第一個(gè)從句的連詞that，但第二個(gè)從句的連詞that一般不可以省略。如：Hetoldme(that)theycouldnotdecidewhattodoandthattheyaskedmyadvice.他告訴我他們決定不了去做什么并且問(wèn)了我的意見(jiàn)。=3\*GB3③that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，that不能省略。如：Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth.對(duì)他我一無(wú)所知，只知道他是南方人。5.如果賓語(yǔ)從句后還有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，則用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將賓語(yǔ)從句后置。如：WethoughtitstrangethatXiaoZhangdidnotcomeyesterday.小張昨天沒(méi)來(lái)，我們覺(jué)得很奇怪。6.賓語(yǔ)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移。在think，believe，suppose，expect等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句，當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)盡管是否定的意思，卻不用否定形式，而將think等動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问?，英語(yǔ)稱這種現(xiàn)象為否定轉(zhuǎn)移。如：=1\*GB3①我認(rèn)為今晚他不能來(lái)?！菊`】Ithinkhecan’tcomethisevening.【正】Idon’tthinkhecancomethisevening.=2\*GB3②他認(rèn)為我們現(xiàn)在不在教室里?！菊`】Hedoesn’tthinkweareintheclassroomnow.【正】Hethinkswearenotintheclassroomnow.【特別警示】含有＂否定轉(zhuǎn)移＂現(xiàn)象的句子，主句的主語(yǔ)必須是第一人稱，此時(shí)，變成反意疑問(wèn)句，附加問(wèn)句要由從句來(lái)決定；如果主句的主語(yǔ)是其他人稱，附加問(wèn)句要由主句來(lái)決定。如：Idon’tthinkheisright,ishe?我認(rèn)為他不對(duì)，是嗎？HethinksIcancome,doesn’the?他認(rèn)為我能來(lái)，是不是？7.如果賓語(yǔ)從句中含有否定意義的副詞或形容詞。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反意疑問(wèn)句要用肯定形式。如：Wefindthatheseldomgoestovisithismother,doeshe?我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他不常看望他的媽媽，是嗎？8.that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，只變主句，不變從句。實(shí)際上，我們經(jīng)常把Itissaidthat...（據(jù)ItissaidthatheisfromCanada.據(jù)說(shuō)他來(lái)自加拿大。疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句特殊疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，由疑問(wèn)詞when,who,what,where,whatever,how，which,why等引導(dǎo)。賓語(yǔ)從句的詞序一律用陳述句的詞序，即＂主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)＂詞序。①帶有系動(dòng)詞be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑問(wèn)句。主句賓語(yǔ)從句DoyouknowhowoldLizis?你知道茲幾歲嗎?IknowhowoldLizis.我知道莉茲幾歲。Idon’tknowhowoldLizis.我不知道莉茲幾歲。賓語(yǔ)從句＂howoldLizis＂是主句動(dòng)詞know的賓語(yǔ)。how在從句中作副詞。注意從句的順序，主語(yǔ)在動(dòng)詞前（Lizis)。②帶有（情態(tài)）助動(dòng)詞is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑問(wèn)句WhenisAnngoingtolran?安什么時(shí)候去伊朗？→DoyouknowwhenAnnisgoingtolran?你知道安什么時(shí)候去伊朗嗎？→Idon’tknowwhenAnnisgoingtolran.我不知道安什么時(shí)候去伊朗。WhatshouldIdo?我該怎么辦？→CanyoutellmewhatIshoulddo?你能告訴我，我該怎么辦嗎？→PleasetellmewhatIshoulddo.請(qǐng)告訴我，我該怎么辦。WherehasRongone?朗去了哪里？→DoyouknowwhereRonhasgone?你知道朗去了哪里嗎？→Idon’tknowwhereRonhasgone.我不知道朗去了哪里。③帶有助動(dòng)詞do/does/did的特殊疑問(wèn)句。WheredidIputmyweddingring?我把我的結(jié)婚戒指放在哪里了？→DoyouknowwhereIputmyweddingring?你知道我把我的結(jié)婚戒指放在哪里了嗎？→Idon’trememberwhereIputmyweddingring.我不記得我把我的結(jié)婚戒指放在哪里了。WhatdoesSuethinkaboutLulu?蘇對(duì)露露的看法是什么？→DoyouknowwhatSuethinksaboutLulu?你知道蘇對(duì)露露的看法是什么嗎？→IknowwhatSuethinksaboutLulu.我知道蘇對(duì)露露的看法是什么。注意：（1）由于賓語(yǔ)從句要求陳述句語(yǔ)序，故而在從句中它變成了陳述語(yǔ)序。請(qǐng)看下列兩組句子：Howmuchdoesthiscoatcost?→Iwanttoknowhowmuchthiscoatcosts.Wheredidyougoyesterday?→Pleasetellmewhereyouwentyesterday.（2）當(dāng)疑問(wèn)代詞what、who在特殊疑問(wèn)句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，該特殊疑問(wèn)句本身就是陳述句語(yǔ)序，所以當(dāng)該句用來(lái)作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不需要調(diào)整。What’swrongwithyou?怎么了？→Heaskedthegirlwhatwaswrongwithher.What’sthematter?怎么了？→Heaskedthegirlwhatwasthematter.Whathashappenedtohim?→Wewanttoknowwhathashappenedtohim.if/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)從句部分是一般疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，常用if或whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，if/whether意為＂是否＂。說(shuō)明對(duì)陳述的事物不明確或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，findout，beuncertain/doubtful/benotknown等后，二者通?？梢曰Q?？谡Z(yǔ)中多用if代替whether。在非正式的寫(xiě)作中，可以使用if或whether兩個(gè)詞來(lái)表達(dá)不定性，兩者都算標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。Iwonderif/whetherheisadriver.我想知道他是不是個(gè)司機(jī)。Alicewantstoknowif/whethershehaspassedtheexam.愛(ài)麗絲想知道她是否考試及格了。Lilyaskedif/whethershelikedit.莉莉問(wèn)她是否喜歡它。Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.我想知道他是否住在這兒。Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.他問(wèn)我是否可以幫助他?！就卣埂恳话闱闆r下，if和whether可互換，在口語(yǔ)中多用if，而在以下幾種情況下，只能用whether。1.與or連用分別引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)從句時(shí)，或強(qiáng)調(diào)兩方面的選擇,特別是句中有ornot時(shí)用whether，不用if。Idon’tknowwhetherornottheywillcome.我不知道他們是否會(huì)來(lái)。Idon’tknowwhetherheiswrongorsheiswrong.Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.I

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not.2.在動(dòng)詞不定式之前只能用whether。Hedosen’tknowwhethertogoornot.他不知道是否會(huì)去。Pleasetelluswhethertogothereorstayhere.請(qǐng)告訴我們是去那里還是待在這里。Whethertogoorstayisstillaquestion.I’mnotsurewhethertostayorleave.Ididn’tknowwhethertolaughortocry.3.在介詞之后只能用whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，而If則不能。ItdependsonwhetherIhaveenoughtime.那取決于我是否有足夠的時(shí)間。Successdependsonwhetherwemakeenougheffort.Ihaven’tsettledthequestionofwhetherI’llgobackhome.Itdependsonwhethertheletterarrivesintime.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.4.賓語(yǔ)從句置于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，用whether，不用if。Whetherthisistrue,Ican’tsay.Whetherheissingle,Idon’tknow.Whetherthisistrue,Ican’tsay.Whetherheissingle,Idon’tknow.5.在某些動(dòng)詞（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。Wediscussedwhetherweshouldclosetheshop.（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）Wediscussedwhetherweshouldgotherebyplane.（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）Wediscussedwhetherweshouldholdameeting.（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）6.在引導(dǎo)否定概念賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只能用if，而不用whether。HeaskedmeifIhadn’tfinishedmywork.注意：doubt否定句用that引導(dǎo)。因?yàn)閐on’tdoubt意為相信，不懷疑，if是否表示疑慮。1．Hi,Jim.Ihearthatyou’vejustcomebackfromSanya.I’mcallingtoask________.A．howdidyouvisitthecity B．howmanydaysyou’vespentthereC．whichhotelhaveyoustayedinSanya D．howyoufoundtheseafoodthere2．—Excuseme,butcouldyoutellme________?—Sorry,Idon’tknow.I’mnewhere,too.A．whichisthewaytothenearestbank B．howlongtheGrandTheatreopensC．whereIwouldenjoythenaturalbeauty D．howdothelocalpeoplecelebrateChristmas3．—Whatalovelydog!Couldyoutellme________younameit?—Wangwang.A．which B．what C．how D．/4．—Areyougoinghikingthisafternoon?—Theweatherreportsaysaheavyrainiscoming.I’mnotsure________.A．thattheroadtothemountainswillbeclosedB．whenwilltheroadtothemountainsbeclosedC．whethertheroadtothemountainswillbeclosed5．Peteraskedhiswife_______withhercar.A．whatwrongwas

B．whatwaswrong C．whatiswrong6．—OK,whatdoyouwanttoknow?—I’munsure________.whichthewayistothePalaceMuseum B．howmanycolorsarethereinarainbowC．thatthecouplehavebeenmarriedforalongtime D．whetherhehasdevotedhimselftoimprovinghisstudy7．—I’msorry,butwhatdidhesayjustnow?—Heaskedyou________.A．whohasbeentotheUSAinyourclassB．whendidChinabecomeamemberoftheWTOC．whatwaswrongwithyourcomputerD．thatChinahadwonderfullyheldtheOlympicGames8．Canyouimagine________Iwanttoseemyuncle?Ihaven’tseenhimforyears.A．howlong B．howmuch C．howsoon D．howmany9．—WhydidMissWanglooksoworriedwhenwesawher?—Becauseshewantedtoknow________.A．wheredidtheotherstudentsgo B．whenwouldthepolicemancomeC．whatherstudentshavedoneduringthetrip D．ifherstudentswerehurtintheaccident10．—Andy,howwasthetrainingcourselastweek?—Ididn’tattendit,butAmysaidhernursingskills________.A．improve B．improved C．a(chǎn)reimproved D．wereimproved11．TodayisFather’sDay.I’mthinkingabout________.A．whatpresentIgavemyfatherB．ifIplannedapartyformyfatherC．howIcangivemyfatherasurpriseD．wherewillmyfatherandIhaveabigmeal12．—Peter,doyouwanttoknowsomethingaboutBarcode（條形碼）?—Yes,Iamwondering________.A．howoldisthegreatinvention B．whocameupwiththiscodeC．thatitcanbeusedinthelibrary D．whatinformationdoesaBarcodeinclude.13．—Mary,doyouknow________?—Oh,heisadentist.Ioncewenttohimtofixmyteeth.A．whereJohnisfrom B．howJohnisdoingC．whoJohnis D．whatJohnis14．—Couldyoutellme________,Tom?—Verypleasantandcomfortable.A．howdoyoulikethenewSRTinYancheng B．whatthenewSRTinYanchengwaslikeC．whatyouthinkofthenewSRTinYancheng D．whatthenewSRTinYanchenglookslike15．—Couldyoutellme________?—Goalongtheroadandturnleft.Thenyouwillseeit.A．whereisWuyueSquare B．wherewasWuyueSquareC．whichisthewaytoWuyueSquare D．whereWuyueSquarewas16．Tomwonders________.A．whetherhisunclewillcomenextweek B．whetherwillhisunclecomenextweekC．thathisunclewillcomenextweek D．thatwillhisunclecomenextweek17．Idon’tcare________,afooloragoodman.Forme,itismeaningfultohelpthepoor.A．whatdotheycallme B．howdotheycallmeC．howtheycallme D．whattheycallme18．—Iwanttoknowwhen______haveafieldtrip.—We’llhaveitwhenallthework______.A．youare;willfinish B．youwill;finishesC．youwill;isfinished D．youwill;isfinish19．—Jane,couldyoutellme_______?—MywholefamilywilltraveltosomeredtourismspotslikeXibaipo,Yan’an.MyparentshopeIcanspendameaningfulsummerholiday.A．howyouwillspendyoursummerholidayB．whichredtourismspotsyourwholefamilylikeC．howmuchyourwholefamilywillspendontrip20．—Paper-cuttingisoneofthetraditionalChinesecultures.Iamfondofit.Couldyoutellme_______?—Ofcourse.Idowellinit.A．howIcanmakepapercutting B．wherepaper-cuttingismadeC．whenIcanmakepaper-cutting D．whatpaper-cuttingismade21．—Canyoutellme________onMother’sDay?—Guesswhat?Well,Iwroteapoemformymum.A．whatdidyoushop B．whereyougo C．whatyoudid22．—Couldyoupleasetellme________tomorrow?—At8o’clock.A．howwillshecome B．whereshewillgoC．whattimeshewillstart D．whyshewillcome考向22賓語(yǔ)從句The8-year-oldboyaskedhisparents________.A．whatlifewouldbelikeiftheymovedtotheUSB．whichfloorwouldtheyliveoninthehotelC．howtheycalledamanwholikesshowingoffD．whencouldhehavehisownbedroom【答案】A【詳解】句意：這個(gè)8歲的男孩問(wèn)他的父母，如果他們搬到美國(guó)，生活會(huì)是什么樣子?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，排除BD；賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，主語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞asked是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，從句用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，選項(xiàng)C中定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，排除C。故選A。賓語(yǔ)從句是中考必考考點(diǎn)之一，主要考查的是時(shí)態(tài)及賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序，有時(shí)也會(huì)考查賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。考查的主要形式是單項(xiàng)填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。閱讀理解和書(shū)面表達(dá)肯定也會(huì)考查到賓語(yǔ)從句。因此學(xué)生要熟練掌握賓語(yǔ)從句的用法。中考考查重點(diǎn)：1.引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞和代詞選擇；2.賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序；3.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)。考向一:賓語(yǔ)從句的種類賓語(yǔ)從句是一種名詞性從句，在句中作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，或介詞的賓語(yǔ)，或形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的不同連詞，賓語(yǔ)從句可分為三類。1.由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。that只有語(yǔ)法作用，沒(méi)有實(shí)在的意義，在口語(yǔ)和非正式文體中可以省略。Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.2.由連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which和連接副詞when,where,why,how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.3.由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。if和whether在句中的意思是＂是否＂。Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.考向二:賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)為陳述句的語(yǔ)序，即按照主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)的順序。1.陳述句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句，語(yǔ)序不變，即仍用陳述語(yǔ)序。Heisanhonestboy.Theteachersaid.→Theteachersaid(that)hewasanhonestboy.2.一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句，語(yǔ)序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z(yǔ)序。Doesheworkhard?Iwonder.→Iwonderif/whetherheworkshard.【典例】MissGreendidn’ttellus_______________in2002.A.wheredoesshelive B.WhereshelivesC.wheredidshelive D.whereshelived【答案】D【解析】該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用陳述句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)，故選D?？枷蛉?賓語(yǔ)從句主句與從句時(shí)態(tài)一致的問(wèn)題。1.如果主句是現(xiàn)在的某種時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)），那么賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。Irememberhegavemeabookyesterday.Hehastoldmethathe’llleaveforNewYorktomorrrow.Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswhereheis.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?【典例】1.Wouldyoupleasetellme_______________?A.whendidhecomehomeB.wherehewouldplayfootballC.ifhehadseenthefilmD.whyhedidn’twatchthegame【答案】D【解析】該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。主句用的實(shí)際上是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句在這個(gè)句子里應(yīng)用陳述句的語(yǔ)序和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。2.Idon’tknowwhen_______________.A.willthetrainleave B.thetrainwillleaveC.wouldthetrainleave D.thetrainleave【答案】B【解析】該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。只有B項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)上符合要求。2.如果主句是過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)），那么賓語(yǔ)從句一定要用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)）。Hetoldmethathewouldtakepartinthehighjump.Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheUSsoon.3.如果賓語(yǔ)從句表示的是客觀事實(shí)或真理，即使主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.Hetoldmethattheearthisround.賓語(yǔ)從句須注意，幾點(diǎn)事項(xiàng)應(yīng)牢記。一是關(guān)鍵引導(dǎo)詞，不同句子詞相異。陳述句子用that；一般疑問(wèn)是否(if，whether)替；特殊問(wèn)句更好辦，引導(dǎo)還用疑問(wèn)詞。二是時(shí)態(tài)常變化，主句不同從句異。主句若為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)看意；主句若為過(guò)去時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)向前移。三是語(yǔ)序要記清，從句永保陳述序。that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句that是賓語(yǔ)從句的一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞，放在主句和從句之間。它引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句由陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)，故從句的語(yǔ)序不變。在that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，that作連接代詞，無(wú)意義，在句中不作任何成分，在口語(yǔ)或非正式的文體中通?？梢允÷浴Ｒ?、that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的用法1.位置：that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（及物動(dòng)詞）、介詞或形容詞之后。=1\*GB3①作及物動(dòng)詞，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的賓語(yǔ)。如：ShesaysthatshewillhelpmelearnEnglishthisevening.她說(shuō)今天晚上她會(huì)幫我學(xué)英語(yǔ)。=2\*GB3②作介詞的賓語(yǔ)：連詞that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句很少作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，只用在except，but，in之后。如：Heisagoodboyexceptthatheiscareless.他是一個(gè)好男孩，只是有點(diǎn)兒粗心。=3\*GB3③作＂be+形容詞＂結(jié)構(gòu)的賓語(yǔ)。某些形容詞或過(guò)去分詞后常接賓語(yǔ)從句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，連詞that可省略。如：I’mhappy(that)Ipassedtheexam.我很高興我通過(guò)了考試。2.時(shí)態(tài)：主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)具體情況選用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)；主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句中也必須用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。試比較：Hesaysthathewantstoseehimassoonaspossible.他說(shuō)他想盡快見(jiàn)到他。Hesaidthathewantedtoseehimassoonaspossible.他說(shuō)他想盡快見(jiàn)到他。【特別提醒】當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而賓語(yǔ)從句的內(nèi)容表示的是客觀真理、事實(shí)、科學(xué)原理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言警句、格言、諺語(yǔ)等時(shí)，此時(shí)賓語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，這些情況下不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制。如：Theteachertoldusthattheearthgoesroundthesun.老師告訴我們地球圍繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。 3.引導(dǎo)詞that可以省略的幾種情況：引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞that通常可以省略：Shesaid(that)shewouldcometothemeeting.她說(shuō)過(guò)要來(lái)開(kāi)會(huì)的。Ipromiseyou(that)Iwillbethere.我答應(yīng)你我會(huì)去的。Ihoped(that)Iwould/shouldsucceed.我曾希望我會(huì)成功。Hethinks(that)theywillgivehimavisa.他想他們會(huì)給他簽證。Hethought(that)theywouldgivehimavisa.他本想他們會(huì)給他簽證。Iexpect(that)theplanewillbediverted.我料想飛機(jī)會(huì)改變航線。Iexpected(that)theplanewouldbediverted.我本料想飛機(jī)會(huì)改變航線。Everybodyknows(that)moneydoesn’tgrowontrees.眾所周知，金錢(qián)是不會(huì)從樹(shù)上長(zhǎng)出來(lái)的。Isuggested(that)theyshould/shouldn’tdrivealongthecoast.我建議他們沿著/不要沿著海岸開(kāi)車(chē)?！咀⒁狻坑袝r(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句可位于句首，此時(shí)that不可省略：ThatsheisagoodgirlIknow.她是一個(gè)好姑娘，我是知道的。4.引導(dǎo)詞that不能省略的幾種情況：that在引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，并不是在任何情況下都可以省略，在以下幾種情況下，that不能省略。=1\*GB3①?gòu)木涞闹髡Z(yǔ)是that時(shí)，that不能省略；Weknowthatisaninterestingfilm.我們知道那是一部有趣的電影。=2\*GB3②and連接的兩個(gè)表示陳述意義的賓語(yǔ)從句并列時(shí)，有時(shí)省去第一個(gè)從句的連詞that，但第二個(gè)從句的連詞that一般不可以省略。如：Hetoldme(that)theycouldnotdecidewhattodoandthattheyaskedmyadvice.他告訴我他們決定不了去做什么并且問(wèn)了我的意見(jiàn)。=3\*GB3③that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，that不能省略。如：Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth.對(duì)他我一無(wú)所知，只知道他是南方人。5.如果賓語(yǔ)從句后還有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，則用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將賓語(yǔ)從句后置。如：WethoughtitstrangethatXiaoZhangdidnotcomeyesterday.小張昨天沒(méi)來(lái)，我們覺(jué)得很奇怪。6.賓語(yǔ)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移。在think，believe，suppose，expect等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句，當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)盡管是否定的意思，卻不用否定形式，而將think等動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问?，英語(yǔ)稱這種現(xiàn)象為否定轉(zhuǎn)移。如：=1\*GB3①我認(rèn)為今晚他不能來(lái)?！菊`】Ithinkhecan’tcomethisevening.【正】Idon’tthinkhecancomethisevening.=2\*GB3②他認(rèn)為我們現(xiàn)在不在教室里?！菊`】Hedoesn’tthinkweareintheclassroomnow.【正】Hethinkswearenotintheclassroomnow.【特別警示】含有＂否定轉(zhuǎn)移＂現(xiàn)象的句子，主句的主語(yǔ)必須是第一人稱，此時(shí)，變成反意疑問(wèn)句，附加問(wèn)句要由從句來(lái)決定；如果主句的主語(yǔ)是其他人稱，附加問(wèn)句要由主句來(lái)決定。如：Idon’tthinkheisright,ishe?我認(rèn)為他不對(duì)，是嗎？HethinksIcancome,doesn’the?他認(rèn)為我能來(lái)，是不是？7.如果賓語(yǔ)從句中含有否定意義的副詞或形容詞。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反意疑問(wèn)句要用肯定形式。如：Wefindthatheseldomgoestovisithismother,doeshe?我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他不常看望他的媽媽，是嗎？8.that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，只變主句，不變從句。實(shí)際上，我們經(jīng)常把Itissaidthat...（據(jù)ItissaidthatheisfromCanada.據(jù)說(shuō)他來(lái)自加拿大。疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句特殊疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，由疑問(wèn)詞when,who,what,where,whatever,how，which,why等引導(dǎo)。賓語(yǔ)從句的詞序一律用陳述句的詞序，即＂主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)＂詞序。①帶有系動(dòng)詞be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑問(wèn)句。主句賓語(yǔ)從句DoyouknowhowoldLizis?你知道茲幾歲嗎?IknowhowoldLizis.我知道莉茲幾歲。Idon’tknowhowoldLizis.我不知道莉茲幾歲。賓語(yǔ)從句＂howoldLizis＂是主句動(dòng)詞know的賓語(yǔ)。how在從句中作副詞。注意從句的順序，主語(yǔ)在動(dòng)詞前（Lizis)。②帶有（情態(tài)）助動(dòng)詞is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑問(wèn)句WhenisAnngoingtolran?安什么時(shí)候去伊朗？→DoyouknowwhenAnnisgoingtolran?你知道安什么時(shí)候去伊朗嗎？→Idon’tknowwhenAnnisgoingtolran.我不知道安什么時(shí)候去伊朗。WhatshouldIdo?我該怎么辦？→CanyoutellmewhatIshoulddo?你能告訴我，我該怎么辦嗎？→PleasetellmewhatIshoulddo.請(qǐng)告訴我，我該怎么辦。WherehasRongone?朗去了哪里？→DoyouknowwhereRonhasgone?你知道朗去了哪里嗎？→Idon’tknowwhereRonhasgone.我不知道朗去了哪里。③帶有助動(dòng)詞do/does/did的特殊疑問(wèn)句。WheredidIputmyweddingring?我把我的結(jié)婚戒指放在哪里了？→DoyouknowwhereIputmyweddingring?你知道我把我的結(jié)婚戒指放在哪里了嗎？→Idon’trememberwhereIputmyweddingring.我不記得我把我的結(jié)婚戒指放在哪里了。WhatdoesSuethinkaboutLulu?蘇對(duì)露露的看法是什么？→DoyouknowwhatSuethinksaboutLulu?你知道蘇對(duì)露露的看法是什么嗎？→IknowwhatSuethinksaboutLulu.我知道蘇對(duì)露露的看法是什么。注意：（1）由于賓語(yǔ)從句要求陳述句語(yǔ)序，故而在從句中它變成了陳述語(yǔ)序。請(qǐng)看下列兩組句子：Howmuchdoesthiscoatcost?→Iwanttoknowhowmuchthiscoatcosts.Wheredidyougoyesterday?→Pleasetellmewhereyouwentyesterday.（2）當(dāng)疑問(wèn)代詞what、who在特殊疑問(wèn)句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，該特殊疑問(wèn)句本身就是陳述句語(yǔ)序，所以當(dāng)該句用來(lái)作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不需要調(diào)整。What’swrongwithyou?怎么了？→Heaskedthegirlwhatwaswrongwithher.What’sthematter?怎么了？→Heaskedthegirlwhatwasthematter.Whathashappenedtohim?→Wewanttoknowwhathashappenedtohim.if/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)從句部分是一般疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，常用if或whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，if/whether意為＂是否＂。說(shuō)明對(duì)陳述的事物不明確或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，findout，beuncertain/doubtful/benotknown等后，二者通?？梢曰Q?？谡Z(yǔ)中多用if代替whether。在非正式的寫(xiě)作中，可以使用if或whether兩個(gè)詞來(lái)表達(dá)不定性，兩者都算標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。Iwonderif/whetherheisadriver.我想知道他是不是個(gè)司機(jī)。Alicewantstoknowif/whethershehaspassedtheexam.愛(ài)麗絲想知道她是否考試及格了。Lilyaskedif/whethershelikedit.莉莉問(wèn)她是否喜歡它。Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.我想知道他是否住在這兒。Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.他問(wèn)我是否可以幫助他。【拓展】一般情況下，if和whether可互換，在口語(yǔ)中多用if，而在以下幾種情況下，只能用whether。1.與or連用分別引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)從句時(shí)，或強(qiáng)調(diào)兩方面的選擇,特別是句中有ornot時(shí)用whether，不用if。Idon’tknowwhetherornottheywillcome.我不知道他們是否會(huì)來(lái)。Idon’tknowwhetherheiswrongorsheiswrong.Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.I

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not.2.在動(dòng)詞不定式之前只能用whether。Hedosen’tknowwhethertogoornot.他不知道是否會(huì)去。Pleasetelluswhethertogothereorstayhere.請(qǐng)告訴我們是去那里還是待在這里。Whethertogoorstayisstillaquestion.I’mnotsurewhethertostayorleave.Ididn’tknowwhethertolaughortocry.3.在介詞之后只能用whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，而If則不能。ItdependsonwhetherIhaveenoughtime.那取決于我是否有足夠的時(shí)間。Successdependsonwhetherwemakeenougheffort.Ihaven’tsettledthequestionofwhetherI’llgobackhome.Itdependsonwhethertheletterarrivesintime.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.4.賓語(yǔ)從句置于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，用whether，不用if。Whetherthisistrue,Ican’tsay.Whetherheissingle,Idon’tknow.Whetherthisistrue,Ican’tsay.Whetherheissingle,Idon’tknow.5.在某些動(dòng)詞（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。Wediscussedwhetherweshouldclosetheshop.（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）Wediscussedwhetherweshouldgotherebyplane.（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）Wediscussedwhetherweshouldholdameeting.（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）6.在引導(dǎo)否定概念賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只能用if，而不用whether。HeaskedmeifIhadn’tfinishedmywork.注意：doubt否定句用that引導(dǎo)。因?yàn)閐on’tdoubt意為相信，不懷疑，if是否表示疑慮。1．Hi,Jim.Ihearthatyou’vejustcomebackfromSanya.I’mcallingtoask________.A．howdidyouvisitthecity B．howmanydaysyou’vespentthereC．whichhotelhaveyoustayedinSanya D．howyoufoundtheseafoodthere【答案】D【詳解】句意：嗨，吉姆。我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你剛從三亞回來(lái)。我想問(wèn)一下你覺(jué)得那里的海鮮怎么樣?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句。howdidyouvisitthecity你是怎么參觀這個(gè)城市的；howmanydaysyou’vespentthere你在那里呆了多少天，此句表述有誤，spent為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；whichhotelhaveyoustayedinSanya你在三亞住過(guò)哪家酒店；howyoufoundtheseafoodthere你是如何發(fā)現(xiàn)那里的海鮮的。賓語(yǔ)從句必須是陳述語(yǔ)序，排除選項(xiàng)A和C。故選D。2．—Excuseme,butcouldyoutellme________?—Sorry,Idon’tknow.I’mnewhere,too.A．whichisthewaytothenearestbank B．howlongtheGrandTheatreopensC．whereIwouldenjoythenaturalbeauty D．howdothelocalpeoplecelebrateChristmas【答案】A【詳解】句意：—打擾一下，你能告訴我去最近的銀行怎么走嗎？—對(duì)不起，我不知道。我也是新來(lái)的?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句。where哪里；howlong多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間；which哪一個(gè)；how怎樣。觀察句子，這是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句遵循陳述句語(yǔ)序，故排除D；主句時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，could在這里表示委婉語(yǔ)氣，從句時(shí)態(tài)不受其限制。根據(jù)回答“Sorry,Idon’tknow.I’mnewhere,too.”可知應(yīng)該是問(wèn)路，排除B；雖然A和C都屬于問(wèn)路，但是根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，C應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)最合適。故選A。3．—Whatalovelydog!Couldyoutellme________younameit?—Wangwang.A．which B．what C．how D．/【答案】B【詳解】句意：—多可愛(ài)的狗狗！你能告訴我你叫它什么？—旺旺。考查賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞。which哪個(gè)；what什么；how怎樣。namesbsth表示“將某物命名”，what作賓語(yǔ)。故選B。4．—Areyougoinghikingthisafternoon?—Theweatherreportsaysaheavyrainiscoming.I’mnotsure________.A．thattheroadtothemountainswillbeclosedB．whenwilltheroadtothemountainsbeclosedC．whethertheroadtothemountainswillbeclosed【答案】C【詳解】句意：—你今天下午要去遠(yuǎn)足嗎？—天氣預(yù)報(bào)說(shuō)大雨就要來(lái)了。我不確定通往山區(qū)的道路是否會(huì)封閉?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處是賓語(yǔ)從句，從句應(yīng)為陳述句語(yǔ)序，故排除B選項(xiàng)?！癐’mnotsure”表“不確定……”，應(yīng)用whether/if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，表“不確定道路是否會(huì)關(guān)閉”。故選C。5．Peteraskedhiswife_______withhercar.A．whatwrongwas

B．whatwaswrong C．whatiswrong【答案】B【詳解】句意：彼得問(wèn)他的妻子她的車(chē)怎么了?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句；根據(jù)“asked”可知，主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句也應(yīng)為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故排除C選項(xiàng)。賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)為陳述句語(yǔ)序，what作從句主語(yǔ)，was作謂語(yǔ)；wrong作表語(yǔ)，陳述句語(yǔ)序是whatwaswrong。故選B。6．—OK,whatdoyouwanttoknow?—I’munsure________.whichthewayistothePalaceMuseum B．howmanycolorsarethereinarainbowC．thatthecouplehavebeenmarriedforalongtime D．whetherhehasdevotedhimselftoimprovinghisstudy【答案】D【詳解】句意：—好的，你想知道什么？—我不確定他是否致力于改進(jìn)他的學(xué)習(xí)?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序，B是疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序，排除B；A選項(xiàng)語(yǔ)序不對(duì)，應(yīng)該是Whichisthewayto…；unsure后面的賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該是一個(gè)表示疑問(wèn)的句子，C選項(xiàng)是表陳述，D選項(xiàng)表疑問(wèn)；故選D。7．—I’msorry,butwhatdidhesayjustnow?—Heaskedyou________.A．whohasbeentotheUSAinyourclassB．whendidChinabecomeamemberoftheWTOC．whatwaswrongwithyourcomputerD．thatChinahadwonderfullyheldtheOlympicGames【答案】C【詳解】句意：—對(duì)不起，他剛才說(shuō)了什么？—他問(wèn)你的電腦出了什么問(wèn)題。考查賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，排除AB；根據(jù)主語(yǔ)是“Heaskedyou”可知，賓語(yǔ)從句是個(gè)問(wèn)句，不能用that引導(dǎo)，排除D，主句是過(guò)去從句用過(guò)去式，此處是他問(wèn)你的電腦出了什么問(wèn)題，選項(xiàng)C符合題意，故選C。8．Canyouimagine________Iwanttoseemyuncle?Ihaven’tseenhimforyears.A．howlong B．howmuch C．howsoon D．howmany【答案】B【詳解】句意：你能想象我多么想見(jiàn)我叔叔嗎？我好幾年沒(méi)見(jiàn)到他了?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞。howlong多長(zhǎng)，提問(wèn)for加一段時(shí)間；howmuch多么，表程度；howsoon多久，提問(wèn)in加一段時(shí)間；howmany多少，提問(wèn)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的數(shù)量多少，根據(jù)“Ihaven'tseenhimforyears.”可知，此處是多么想見(jiàn)我叔叔，故選B。9．—WhydidMissWanglooksoworriedwhenwesawher?—Becauseshewantedtoknow________.A．wheredidtheotherstudentsgo B．whenwouldthepolicemancomeC．whatherstudentshavedoneduringthetrip D．ifherstudentswerehurtintheaccident【答案】D【詳解】句意：—我們看到王小姐時(shí)，她為什么看起來(lái)那么著急？—因?yàn)樗胫浪膶W(xué)生是否在事故中受傷?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句。wheredidtheotherstudentsgo其他學(xué)生去了哪里，疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序；whenwouldthepolicemancome警察什么時(shí)候來(lái)，疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序；whatherstudentshavedoneduringthetrip她的學(xué)生在旅行中做了些什么，陳述語(yǔ)序，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；ifherstudentswerehurtintheaccident她的學(xué)生是否在事故中受傷，陳述語(yǔ)序，一般過(guò)去時(shí)。根據(jù)句意可知，空處的句子是賓語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)序，故排除A、B項(xiàng)；主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，根據(jù)“主過(guò)從必過(guò)”的原則，賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)的某種時(shí)態(tài)，故排除C項(xiàng)。故選D。10．—Andy,howwasthetrainingcourselastweek?—Ididn’tattendit,butAmysaidhernursingskills________.A．improve B．improved C．a(chǎn)reimproved D．wereimproved【答案】B【詳解】句意：—安迪，上周的培訓(xùn)班怎么樣？—我沒(méi)有參加，但艾米說(shuō)她的護(hù)理技能提高了?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Amysaid”可知，從句時(shí)態(tài)也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)；再者根據(jù)“improve”的用法可知，物作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選B。11．TodayisFather’sDay.I’mthinkingabout________.A．whatpresentIgavemyfatherB．ifIpla