閱讀之說(shuō)明文 課件-高三上學(xué)期英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)

e7d195523061f1c0f0ec610a92cff745ee13794c7b8d98f8E73673273C9E8BE17CC3D63B9B1D6426C348A354AD505654C28F453CD7C8F90EADD06C08281DAED7140E5AAAED5880ECE414DFB6A93B82BE019406867034C3A8500A4827DCF3FBF74A471B736410707E336A01C9ADC9BE02ACCB8DF2121D81636A067B8AE80C6AB6F014154F4E7B7247高中英語(yǔ)部門閱讀之說(shuō)明文總導(dǎo)航示意圖說(shuō)明文的類型解答說(shuō)明文的推斷類題目解答說(shuō)明文的主旨類題目說(shuō)明文的類型PARTONE點(diǎn)擊添加相關(guān)標(biāo)題文字，點(diǎn)擊添加相關(guān)標(biāo)題文字，點(diǎn)擊添加相關(guān)標(biāo)題文字，點(diǎn)擊添加相關(guān)標(biāo)題文字，點(diǎn)擊添加相關(guān)標(biāo)題文字。e7d195523061f1c0f0ec610a92cff745ee13794c7b8d98f8E73673273C9E8BE17CC3D63B9B1D6426C348A354AD505654C28F453CD7C8F90EADD06C08281DAED7140E5AAAED5880ECE414DFB6A93B82BE019406867034C3A8500A4827DCF3FBF74A471B736410707E336A01C9ADC9BE02ACCB8DF2121D81636A067B8AE80C6AB6F014154F4E7B7247說(shuō)明文1.介紹陌生事物(一個(gè)動(dòng)物，一個(gè)新科技/手機(jī)軟件）

2.介紹一個(gè)新的研究結(jié)果。(researchers)

3.推翻大眾的陳舊觀點(diǎn)，建立新理解。4.介紹一個(gè)事物的發(fā)展歷史。SharingEUmbrella,anewumbrellasharingcompanybasedinShenzhen,China,recentlyannouncedthatithadlostmostofthe300,000umbrellassinceitwassetup.

China'ssharingeconomyhasbeengrowingrapidly,withcompaniesofferinganythingfrombicyclesandbasketballstophonebatteriesforpeopletorent.Customersmakeasmalldeposit（押金）andgettousethethingforadailycost,withafineputinplaceforeverydayiftheyfailtoreturntheproductintime.It'sasimplebusinessmodel,andmarketdatashowsthatpeopleseesharingasacheapandconvenientwaytocutdownwaste.4.WhatdoweknowaboutSharingEUmbrella？A.Itmakespeoplelearntohelpeachother.B.Itneedspeopletomakeasmalldepositfirst.C.Itdevelopedfasterinthewesterncountries.D.Itproducesmorewasteandcausesdisorder.新的事物

Architectshavelonghadthefeelingthattheplacesweliveincanaffectourthoughts,feelingsandbehaviors.Butnowscientistsaregivingthisfeelinganempirical(經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，實(shí)證的)basis.Theyarediscoveringhowtodesignspacesthatpromotecreativity,keeppeoplefocusedandleadtorelaxation.JoanMeyers-LevyattheUniversityofMinnesota,reportedthattheheightofaroom'sceilingaffectshowpeoplethink.（北京高考）

1.WhatdoesJoanMeyers-Levyfocusoninherresearch?

A.Light.B.Ceilings.C.Windows.D.Furniture.

新的研究結(jié)果

Butthere‘sagrowingbeliefthatwhateveryonetakesforgrantediswrong:thingsareactuallygettingbetter.Anewbookisabouttooverturnourmostbasicassumptionsabouttheworld’senvironment.Rivers,seas,rainandtheatmosphereareallgettingcleaner.Thetotalamountofforestsintheworldisnotdeclining.TheSkepticalEnvironmentalistbyBjornLomborg,professorofstatisticsattheUniversityofAarhusinDenmark,isanattackonthemisleadingclaimsofenvironmentalgroups,andthe"badnews"culturethatmakespeoplebelieveeverythingisgettingworse.

A．Ourplanetisinbadshape.B．Theworld'senvironmentisimproving.C．Thetotalamountofforestsintheworldisnotdeclining.D．Conservationeffortshavebeensuccessful.Inhisbook,

TheSkepticalEnvironmentalist,whatisLomborg'smainargument?

建立新觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為…理所當(dāng)然

TheAmericannewspaperhasbeenaroundforaboutthreehundredyears.In1721,theprinterJamesFranklin,Benjamin’solderbrother,startedtheNewEnglandCourant,andthatwaswhatwemightrecognizetodayasarealnewspaper.Hefilledhispaperwithstoriesofadventure,articlesonart,onfamouspeople,andonallsortsofpoliticalsubjects.（2009全國(guó)高考卷)

53.WhatcanwelearnabouttheNewEnglandCourant?

A.Itismainlyaboutthestockmarket.

B.ItmarksthebeginningoftheAmericannewspaper.

C.ItremainsasuccessfulnewspaperinAmerica.

D.Itcarriesarticlesbypoliticalleaders.介紹事物的發(fā)展史解答說(shuō)明文的推斷類題目常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)方式1.Thepassageimplies(暗示)

that_______.2.Wecanconclude(得出結(jié)論)

fromthepassagethat_____.3.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferred(推論)？4.Whatisthetone(語(yǔ)氣)

oftheauthor?5.Whatisthepurpose(目的)

ofthispassage?6.Thepassageisintendedto_____.7.Wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear?

篇章推斷：

首尾段+（主旨結(jié)合）細(xì)節(jié)推斷：

同義改寫+（選項(xiàng)排除）“Lawsallowingtheseanimalstobebroughtinfromdeepforestareaswithoutstrictercontrolneedchanging“saysPeterSchantz.Monkey-poxmaybethewake-upcall.Researchersbelieveinfectedanimalsmayinfecttheirowners.Weknowverylittleaboutthesenewdiseases.Anewbug（病毒）maybekindatfirst.Butitmaydevelopintosomethingharmful（有害的）.Monkey-poxdoesn’tlookamajorinfectiousdisease.Butitisnotimpossibletopassthediseasefrompersontoperson.67.Thetext

impliesthatinthefuturewe

.A.shouldstopbuyingpetsfromAmericaB.mayeasilygetinfectedbydiseasesfromdogsC.shouldnotbeallowedtohavepetsD.mayhavetofightagainstmorenewdiseases62.Thelastparagraphisintendedto

.A.showushowtofixleaksathomeB.tellushowtorunadishwasherC.provewhatdrinkingglassisbestforusD.suggestwhatwedotosavewaterathomeYoucantakestepstosavewaterinyourhome.Tostartwith,usethesameglassforyourdrinkingwaterallday.Washitonlyonceaday.Runyourdishwasher(洗碗機(jī))onlywhenitisfull。Helpyourparentsfixanyleaksinyourhome.Youcanevenhelptokeepourwatersupplycleanbyrecyclingbatteriesinsteadofthrowingthemaway.27.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Alldiseasescanbepreventedortreated.B.Governmentsandpartnersjoinedtheinitialeffort.C.Nutritionholdsthekeytolowerthedeathrates.D.Onlygovernmentsmadetheirbesttoreducethedeaths.Thatiswhy4yearsago—June,2012—theUS,EthiopiaandIndiajoinedtheUnitedNationsChildren’sFund(orUNICEF)tolaunchChildSurvivalCalltoAction,aglobalefforttosavechildren’slives.Thegoalwastolowerchilddeathratesinthehardest-hitcountriesto20deathsper1,000livebirthsbytheyear2035.Zambiastartedaplanfocusedonnutritionandimmunization(免疫)thatwillsavemorethan26,000childreneachyear.Congoisdistributingpre-packagedsuppliestopreventandtreatthemostcommonkillers.Theyhopetosavethelivesofhalfamillionchildrenby2017.SimilareffortsaretakingplaceinEthiopia,Bangladesh,Yemen,andelsewhere.ChildSurvivalpartnercompaniesarealsodevelopinglife-savingvaccines(疫苗)andtreatmentfordiarrhea.Privateenterprisersandmedicalprofessionalsaretrainingandequippinghealthworkersin54countrieswithlife-savingtools.Stillothersaredevelopinganddeliveringsafewatertreatmentandstorageproducts.“Thishigh-levelforuminspiredaglobalmovement—CommittingtoChildSurvival:APromiseRenewed,”wroteUNICEFExecutiveDirectorAnthonyLake.“Fouryearspassing,itcontinuestobuildand,today,174countriesandover400civilsocietyandfaith-basedorganizationshavetakenupthechargeintheirowncommitments.Whilewestillhavealongwaytogo,thefirst4yearshaveseenimpressivegains.”Everyyear,some6.9millionchildrenundertheageoffivediefromdiseaseslikemalaria,pneumoniaandHIV.Theuntoldstoryofchildsurvivalisthattheglobalcommunitynowhasthecombinedknowledge,technicalknow-howandaffordabletoolstoendsuchchilddeaths.Evidenceshowsthatitispossibletodecreaseunder-fivedeathratesindevelopingcountriestolevelsapproachingthoseinwealthiercountries.27.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Alldiseasescanbepreventedortreated.B.Governmentsandpartnersjoinedtheinitialeffort.C.Nutritionholdsthekeytolowerthedeathrates.D.Onlygovernmentsmadetheirbesttoreducethedeaths.解答說(shuō)明文的主旨類題目出題形式：1.文章、段落大意：whatisthemainideaofpassage/paragraph...?whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinpassage/paragraph...?whatcanwelearnaboutfrompassage/paragraph...?2.標(biāo)題：whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage？whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage？主要內(nèi)容：whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus？thispassageismainlyabout？Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofparagraph1？確定選項(xiàng)核心詞首尾段找核心詞（首尾段的首尾句）對(duì)比答案文章大意做題步驟：確定選項(xiàng)核心詞選項(xiàng)為同一個(gè)核心名詞選項(xiàng)為多個(gè)核心名詞選項(xiàng)是句子核心名詞為主干選項(xiàng)是短語(yǔ)核心名詞為of短語(yǔ)：of前的名詞n.+n.：都為核心動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)整體為核心對(duì)比答案原文的單詞，直接呼應(yīng)（多出現(xiàn)在議論文）間接呼應(yīng)，多為原文同義改寫（多為記敘文）80%20%

TigersarefoundinmanyAsiancountries．Intheforestandgrasslands，atigerishardtosee．Atiger'sgoldencolouredcoatwithitsdarkstripesisnoteasilyseenforitshairisthesamecolourasthebladesofyellowishgrassandpatchesofdeepshadow．

Thiscamouflage（偽裝）isveryimportantbecausetigersarehunters．Ifotheranimalscouldseeatigercoming，theywouldquicklyrunaway．Thetigerhasverystrong，sharpteethwhichareusedforseizingandeatingtheanimalsitcatches．

Thebesttitleforthispassageis______．

A．TigersandOtherSmallAnimalsB.SomethingaboutTigersC．Tigers'CamouflageD．HowTigersLive35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ConversationCounts B.WaysofMakingSmallTalkC.BenefitsofSmallTalk D.UncomfortableSilenceWe'veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.What'stheproblem?It'spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It'smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit'sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit'sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworth

thetrouble.Expertssayit'saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction(互動(dòng))withitswaiter,theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.“it'snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband.”saysDunn.“Butinteractionswithperipheral(邊緣的)membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.”Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk."Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,”hesays.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ConversationCounts B.WaysofMakingSmallTalkC.BenefitsofSmallTalk D.UncomfortableSilence31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FlyingCaratAutoShowB.TheTransition’sFirstFlightC.Pilots’DreamComingTrueD.FlyingCarClosertoReality

TerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascompleteditsfirstflight,bringingthecompanyclosertoitsgoalofsellingtheflyingcarwithinthenextyear.Thevehicle-namedtheTransition–hastwoseats,fourwheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.TheTransition,whichflewat1,400feetforeightminuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhourontheroadand115intheair.Itfliesusinga23-gallontankofgasandburns5gallonsperhourintheair.Ontheground,itgets35milespergallon.Around100peoplehavealreadyputdowna$10,000deposittogetaTransitionwhentheygoon