2024-2025學年新教材高中英語Unit4NaturalDisasters課時作業(yè)二ReadingandThinking含解析新人教版必修第一冊

PAGE1-Unit4NaturalDisasters課時作業(yè)(二)ReadingandThinking必備學問基礎練進階訓練第一層Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Iwas________(震驚的)tohearthenewsthatagreatfirebrokeoutinthefactory.2．Thesedeadducksshouldbe________(安葬)immediatelysincetheyaren'tfittobeeaten.3．Twopeoplegot________(困住)intheliftthismorningwhentheelectricitywascutoff.4．Thereweredeep________(裂縫)thatappearedinthewellwalls.5．The________(電)hasbeencutoff.6．Fishcan't________(呼吸)outofwater.7．Nothingcanbegainedwithout________(努力)．8．Heisamanofgreat________(才智)．9．Thenewleaderhopesto________(統一)thecountry.10．Weshouldguessthemeaningofawordfromits______(上下文)．Ⅱ.選詞填空eq\x(asusual，asif，cometoanend，inruins，beburiedin，betrappedin，beinshock，digout，agreatnumberof，sufferfrom)1．Hewenttoschool________.2．Myholidayis________andImustgobacktoworktomorrow.3．Hespreadhisarmsout________toholdthewholeworld.4．Aftertheearthquake,thewholecitylay________.5．Weareexpectingto________someimportantfacts.6．Alongtimeago,________EnglishpeoplesettledinAmericaandAustralia.7．Hisfriendhas________illhealthforsomeyears.8．He________hisworkwhenthebosscamein.9．I________theheavyrainonthewaytoschoolyesterday.10．We________atthenewsthatabout500minersdiedintheaccident.Ⅲ.課文語法填空StrangethingshadhappenedbeforeTangshanEarthquakehappened.Thewellwallshaddeepcracks.Some1.________(smell)gascameoutofthem.Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervous2.________(eat).At3：423.________themorningofJuly28,1976,everythingbegantoshake.4.________seemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.Inlessthanoneminute,thewholecitylayin5.________(ruin).Twothirdsofthepeoplediedorwere6.________(injure).Everythinginthecitywasdestroyed.Peoplewere7.________(shock)atthisandwonderedhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthose8.________weretrappedandtoburythedead.Workersbuiltsheltersfor9.________(survive).Freshwaterwastakentothecity.Slowlythecitybegantobreatheagain.Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity'speople,anewTangshan10.________(build)upontheearthquakeruins.關鍵實力綜合練進階訓練其次層Ⅰ.閱讀Thescientificstudyofearthquakesiscomparativelynew.Untilthe18thcentury,fewfactualdescriptionsofearthquakeswererecorded,andthenaturalcausesofearthquakeswerenotwellunderstood.TheearliestearthquakeforwhichwehavedescriptiveinformationoccurredinChinain1177BC.TheChineseearthquakecatalog(書目)describesseveraldozenlargeearthquakesinChinaduringthenextfewthousandyears.EarthquakesinEuropewerementionedasearlyas580BC,buttheearliestforwhichwehavesomedescriptiveinformationoccurredinthemid－16thcentury.TheearliestknownearthquakesintheAmericaswereinMexicointhelate14thcenturyandinPeruin1471,butdescriptionsoftheeffectswerenotwellrecorded.Bythe17thcentury,descriptionsoftheeffectsofearthquakeswerebeingpublishedaroundtheworld.ThemostwidelyfeltearthquakesintherecordedhistoryofNorthAmericawereaseriesthatoccurredin1811－1812nearNewMadrid,Missouri.Agreatearthquake,whosemagnitudeisreportedtohavebeenabout8,occurredonthemorningofDecember16,1811.AnothergreatearthquakeoccurredonJanuary23,1812,andathird,thestrongestyet,onFebruary7,1812.Aftershocks(余震)werenearlycontinuousbetweenthesegreatearthquakesandcontinuedformonthsafterwards.TheseearthquakeswerefeltbypeopleasfarawayasBostonandDenver.Becausethepopulationintheseregionswassmall,thedestructionofhumanlifeandpropertywasslight.TheSanFranciscoearthquakeof1906wasoneofthemostdestructiveintherecordedhistoryofNorthAmerica—theearthquakeandthefirethatfollowedkillednearly700peopleandleftthecityinruins.1．Whendidpublisheddescriptionsoftheeffectsofearthquakesbecomepopularintheworld?A．Inthe1300s.B．Inthe1400s.C．Inthe1500s.D．Inthe1600s.2．Whatdoweknowabouttheearthquakesin1811－1812inNorthAmerica?A．Theykilledalargenumberofpeople.B．TheyoccurredinSanFrancisco.C．Theycouldbefeltveryfaraway.D．Theyalmostdestroyedentirecities.3．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Fewearthquakeswerescientificallystudiedbeforethe18thcentury.B．Earthquakescanbeavoidedwiththedevelopmentoftechnology.C．Mostoftheearlyearthquakescausedlittledamage.D．Peoplehaven'tfoundthecausesofearthquakessofar.4．What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A．TheScientificStudyofEarthquakesB．EarthquakesinHistoryC．TheEffectsofEarthquakesonHumansD．WhyEarthquakesOccurⅡ.七選五Newsreportswarnusthatthesmogisexpectedtostaywithusforacoupleofmonths.Airqualityis10timesworsethantheWorldHealthOrganisation'srecommendedlevels.__1__However,thereareeasywaystoprotectyourselfagainstsmogandairpollution.WearanN95mask.Surgicalmaskswon'tdo,myfriends.YouneedaproperN95mask.__2__Thepurposeistofilteroutthelittleparticles(顆粒)intheairthatcanbeveryunhealthyifbreathedin.It'snotattractive,butyourhealthismoreimportantthanlookingattractive.Drinklotsofwaterandstayhydrated(含水的)．Hightemperatureandhighhumidityareoftenconnectedwithhighsmoglevels.Thismakesitimportanttostayintheshadeanddrinklotsofwatertostayhydrated,especiallybefore,during,andafterexercise.__3__Stayindoors.Ifpossible,stayindoors.Whileyoumightwanttovisityourfavouriteopen－airfoodstand,nowit'snotthetimetodoso.__4__Betterstill,forthoseatwork,packyourownlunch.What'smoreimportant,avoidexerciseoutdoors,especiallyfrommid－morningtoearlyevening,whensmoglevelsarehigher.__5__Oftenneighboursorfamilymemberssmokeinthehallwaysorjustoutsideofapartmentbuildings,whichmakestheairmuchworse.Andthisairstillcomesintotheapartments.So,keepthewindowsclosedanduseairpurifierstoprotectyourhome.A．Protectyourhome.B．Keepthedoorsopen.C．Ifyouwanttogoout,gotomalls,andeatinenclosedspaces.D．Considerexercisingindoorsinanair－conditionedenvironment.E．Youmaythinkthatthereisnothingyoucandoabouttheairyoubreathe.F．Besides,waterwillnotonlyrelievethirst,buthelpclearyourbreathingpassages.G．Itsstringsshouldbetightlytiedbehindyourhead,toholdthemaskagainstyourface.Ⅲ.完形填空MynameisMirandaGibson.Ihavebeenatthetopofatreeforfivemonthsnow.Somepeoplemightwonder__1__onearthIwouldchoosetodothat.Ihavewalkedthroughthisforestmanytimes.On12December2011,__2__rolledintotheforestandthedestruction(摧毀)began.Icouldn't__3__thethoughtthattheseforestswouldbe__4__forever.So,on14December2011,Ipackedupmylife,__5__ofmyjobplans,andclimbed60meterstothetopofthistree.Ihavebeenhereeversince.Lifeinthetreetopscanbe__6__attimes.IhavetimeswhenIfeelfrustrated(懊喪)andwishIcould__7__，toanywhere,justhavea__8__ofsceneryforaminute!Therearetimestoo,whenIfeelterribly__9__.Imissmyfriendsandfamily.__10__thesetimes,Ifindmyselflovingthe__11__.Livingonthetreehasbeeninspiring.Iamwillingto__12__uphereforaslongasittakes,__13__Ihonestlyhopeitwon'tbetoo__14__beforeIcanputmyfeetonthegroundbelowandstandinaforestthatwillneverbe__15__.1．A.whyB．whenC．howD．where2．A.waterB．animalsC．machineryD．tourists3．A.bearB．helpC．keepD．spare4．A.soldB．stolenC．protectedD．lost5．A.grewoutB．fellshortC．ranoutD．letgo6．A.refreshingB．riskyC．challengingD．rewarding7．A.getupB．getawayC．giveinD．giveup8．A.changeB．lookC．searchD．touch9．A.confusedB．nervousC．sorryD．lonely10．A.BeyondB．WithoutC．DespiteD．Unlike11．A.heightB．experienceC．backgroundD．position12．A.returnB．stopC．stayD．hide13．A.butB．thoughC．becauseD．so14．A.soonB．longC．nearD．bad15．A.movedB．loggedC．burnedD．missedⅣ.語法填空HurricaneKatrinawasoneofthedeadliesthurricanesevertohittheUnitedStates.About1,833peoplediedinthehurricaneandthefloodsthat1.________(follow)inlateAugust2005,andmillionsofotherswereleft2.________(home)alongtheGulfCoastandinNewOrleans.Katrinaformedabout200milessoutheastoftheBahamasonAugust23,2005.Bythetimeitmade3.________(it)waytosouthernFloridaonAugust25,KatrinawasjustaCategoryOnehurricane.Whileitcausedsomefloodsandtwodeathsduringitsfirstlandfall,itappearedtobejustanotherhurricaneinan4.________(act)hurricaneseason.5.________(surprising),KatrinastrengthenedintoaCategoryFivehurricaneonAugust28,withwinds6.________(blow)atabout280kph.TheNationalGuardwascalledintohelppeopleleavedangerousareas.ThousandslookedforshelterintheNewOrleansGovernmentofficialshavetriedtolearnfromthedisasterandcarriedoutbetterenvironmentalandcommunicationplans.TheArmyCorpsofEngineershasrebuiltthelevee(堤壩)system,makingit8.________(high).ThecityofNewOrleanshasimprovedpeople'saccess9.________disasterinformation.Forexample,theyhave10.________e－mailandtextmessagesystemcalledNolaReadythat13,000peoplehavesignedupfor.課時作業(yè)(二)ReadingandThinking必備學問基礎練Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．shocked2.buried3.trapped4.cracks5.electricity6．breathe7.effort8.wisdom9.unify10.contextⅡ.選詞填空1．asusual2ingtoanend3.asif4.inruins5.digout6．agreatnumberof7.sufferfrom8.wasburiedin9．wastrappedin10.wereinshockⅢ.課文語法填空1．smelly2.toeat3.on4.It5.ruins6.injured7.shocked8.who9.survivors10.wasbuilt關鍵實力綜合練Ⅰ.閱讀【語篇解讀】本文簡要介紹了歷史上有記載的幾次大地震。1．答案與解析：D依據其次段最終一句“Bythe17thcentury,descriptionsoftheeffectsofearthquakeswerebeingpublishedaroundtheworld.”可知，答案為D。2．答案與解析：C依據第三段中的“TheseearthquakeswerefeltbypeopleasfarawayasBostonandDenver.”可知，答案為C。3．答案與解析：A依據第一段中的“Untilthe18thcentury,fewfactualdescriptionsofearthquakeswererecorded...”可推斷，答案為A。4．答案與解析：B通讀全文可知，本文簡要介紹了歷史上有記載的幾次大地震，故答案為B。Ⅱ.七選五【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了在空氣污染較為嚴峻的狀況下，我們可以實行的四種自我愛護方法。1．答案與解析：E依據設空處后的“However,thereareeasywaystoprotectyourselfagainstsmogandairpollution.”中的However可知，E項(或許你會認為你對于吸入的空氣無能為力。)與之構成轉折關系，符合語境。故選E項。2．答案與解析：G設空處前一句講人們須要N95型號的口罩，后一句講這樣做的目的，G項介紹口罩的運用方法，符合文意。3．答案與解析：F本段標題“Drinklotsofwaterandstayhydrated.”提示本段與喝水有關，F項介紹水的好處，符合語境。故選F項。4．答案與解析：C設空處前一句講不要去室外吃路邊攤，后一句講工作時最好自己帶午飯，由此可知設空處講的也是吃飯方面的事情。C項(假如你想外出，就去購物中心，在封閉的空間里吃飯。)符合上下文語境。故選C項。5．答案與解析：A設空處為主題句。依據本段最終一句“So,keepthewindowsclosedanduseairpurifierstoprotectyourhome.”可知當人們在室外抽煙的時候，我們最好關閉門窗并運用空氣凈化器來愛護我們的家。A項Protectyourhome.符合段意。Ⅲ.完形填空【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講解并描述了作者為了愛護森林，離開家和工作，一個人來到森林在樹上生活的故事。1．答案與解析：A考查疑問詞。依據句意：我已經在樹上待了好幾個月了，一些人會驚奇我原委為什么選擇那樣做，故選A。2．答案與解析：C考查名詞。依據句意：機器進入森林，破壞起先了，machinery機器，故選C。3．答案與解析：A考查動詞。依據句意：我不能容忍這片森林要失去的想法，bear容忍，故選A。4．答案與解析：D考查動詞。A.sold賣；B.stolen偷盜；C.protected愛護；D.lost丟失。依據句意：機器的破壞，森林丟失，故選D。5．答案與解析：D考查動詞短語。A.grewout長出，發(fā)芽；B.fellshort缺乏，不足；C.ranout用光；D.letgo放走，放下。依據句意：我整理好行裝，放下工作安排，爬上60米的樹頂，從今就始終在這里，故選D。6．答案與解析：C考查形容詞。A.refreshing令人耳目一新的；B.risky冒險的；C．challenging富有挑戰(zhàn)性的；D.rewarding值得做的。依據句意：在樹頂上生活是富有挑戰(zhàn)性的，故選C。7．答案與解析：B考查動