專題05-重點語法復(fù)習：V-ing-作定語、狀語和賓補(考點串講+模擬演練)(原卷版)

專題05重點語法復(fù)習：V-ing作定語、狀語和賓補▲動詞-ing形式作定語1.單個的動詞-ing形式可以作前置定語,一般具有兩種含義。(1)說明被修飾名詞的用途和性能。areadingroom=aroomforreading閱覽室runningshoes=shoesforrunning跑鞋(2)表示所修飾的人或物的動作或狀態(tài),在意思上接近一個定語從句,可以表示正在進行的動作,也可表示經(jīng)常性動作或當時的狀態(tài)。developingcountries=countriesthataredeveloping發(fā)展中國家asleepingbaby=ababywhoissleeping正在睡覺的嬰兒2.作定語的動詞-ing形式如果是一個短語,則應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面,作后置定語,相當于一個定語從句。Thereisapathleadingtothetopofthehill.→Thereisapathwhichleadstothetopofthehill有一條通向山頂?shù)男÷?。Doyouknowtheboyplayingbasketball?→Doyouknowtheboywhoisplayingbasketball?你認識在打籃球的那個男孩嗎?▲動詞-ing形式作狀語動詞-ing形式可以作狀語,在句中表示時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式或伴隨情況等。動詞-ing形式作時間、原因、條件、讓步狀語時多位于句首;作結(jié)果、伴隨狀語時常位于句末。1.表示時間,相當于一個時間狀語從句。Havingdeliveredthemilktothecustomer’shouse,hewenthomeforbreakfast.→Afterhedeliveredthemilktothecustomer’shouse,hewenthomeforbreakfast.把牛奶送到顧客家后,他就回家吃早餐了。2.表示原因,相當于一個原因狀語從句。Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday.→Sincehewasill,hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday.由于生病,他昨天沒有去上學。3.表示結(jié)果,相當于一個并列謂語。Hewasadmittedintoakeyuniversity,makinghisparentsveryproud.→Hewasadmittedintoakeyuniversity,anditmadehisparentsveryproud.他被一所重點大學錄取,這使他的父母很自豪。4.表示條件,相當于一個條件狀語從句。Workinghardatyourlessons,youwillsucceed.→Ifyouworkhardatyourlessons,youwillsucceed.如果你努力學習,你將會成功。5.表示讓步,相當于一個讓步狀語從句。SurfingtheInterneteveryday,Ilimittheplayingtimeto30minutes.→AlthoughIsurftheInterneteveryday,Ilimittheplayingtimeto30minutes.雖然每天都上網(wǎng),但我把玩的時間限制在30分鐘。6.表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補充說明,相當于一個并列結(jié)構(gòu)。Helayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime.→Helayonthegrass,andstaredattheskyforalongtime.他躺在草地上,盯著天空看了很久?！鴦釉~-ing形式作賓語補足語1.動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語常放在賓語后面,表示一個正在進行的主動性的動作,強調(diào)一個過程或一種狀態(tài)。Whenwereturned,wefoundastrangerstandinginfrontofthehouse.當我們回來時,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)房子前面站著一個陌生人。I’mterriblysorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsuchalongtimeintherain.非常抱歉,讓你在雨中等了這么長時間。2.當主句轉(zhuǎn)換為被動結(jié)構(gòu)時,原來作賓語補足語的動詞-ing形式便轉(zhuǎn)換為主語補足語。Hesawherworkinginthefieldwhenhepassedby.→Shewasseenworkinginthefieldbyhimwhenhepassedby.他路過時發(fā)現(xiàn)她正在地里干活。3.能用動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語的幾類詞:(1)表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的感官動詞(短語)(常見的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等)+sb.+doingsth.。Ifeltsomebodystandingbehindme.我感覺有人站在我身后。(2)表示指使意義的使役動詞(常見的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave等)+sb./sth.+doingsth.。Wekeptthefireburningallnightlong.我們讓火整夜燃燒著。(3)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在“with+賓語+賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)中,動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語時,常常表示一個動作正在或一直進行。Withthecrowdscheering,hesprintedtothefinishingline.在人群的歡呼聲中,他奮力沖向終點。模擬演練單句語法填空1．（2023·高一課時練習）WhiletherapiddevelopmentofChina,thenumberofforeigners____________(learn)Chineseisgrowingallthetime.2．（2023·全國·高一專題練習）Iregrettakingthoseweight-losspills___________(contain)aharmfulchemicalthatcausedmylivertofail.3．（2023·高一課時練習）Aculturalrelicisatreasure__________(belong)toallpeopleratherthananyindividual.4．（2023·高一課時練習）Advertising______(aim)atchildrenshouldbelimited.5．（2023·全國·高一專題練習）TotheEgyptians,greenwasacolor________(represent)thehopeandjoyofspring.6．（2023·高一課時練習）Thereisalotofevidence________(show)thatstaringatthecomputerforalongtimedoesharmtooureyes.7．（2023·高一課時練習）Incountriesallovertheworld,________(fall)watercanbeusedtogenerateelectricity.8．（2023·全國·高一校考專題練習）Themeetingroomisquite____________with_______________________init.(crowd)9．（2023·全國·高一專題練習）I’mverynervousbecauseIdon’tthinkI’mreadyforthe________(approach)examination.10．（2023·高一?？颊n時練習）Theman________(stand)bythewindowisourteacher.11．（2023·高一課時練習）___________(see)anoteontheground,thestrangerpickeditup.12．（2023·高一課時練習）Theoldmanwrotealettertothehospital,____________(express)histhankstothedoctorwhohadcuredhisillness.13．（2023·高一課時練習）Though__________(lack)naturalresources,theareaiswelldeveloped.14．（2023·高一課時練習）________(do)quitewellintheentranceexam,hecamebackhomesmiling.15．（2023·高一課時練習）_____________(throw)theirhatsintotheair,thefansofthewinningteamletoutloudshoutsofvictory.16．（2023·高一課時練習）Iwakeupeverymorning__________(feel)energeticandreadytostartanewday.(所給詞的適當形式填空)17．（2023·高一課時練習）Hewrotemealetter,_________(hope)togetfurtherinformation.18．（2023·高一課時練習）____________(leave)somequestionsunanswered,myfriendsaidgoodbyetome.19．（2023·高一課時練習）Though_________(lack)money,hismothersparednoefforttosendhimtogoabroadtogetfurthereducation.20．（2023·全國·高一專題練習）PeoplebuiltthelegendaryDragonGateoftheChinatowninSanFrancisco______________(use)materialsdonatedfromChina.21．（2023·高一課時練習）Icansmellturkey________________(roast),andit'smakingmehungry.22．（2023·高一課時練習）Hekepther_________(wait)understairsthewholeday.23．（2023·高一課時練習）Wekeptthefire_________(burn)allnightlong.(所給詞的適當形式填空)24．（2023·高一課時練習）Inoticedathief__________(steal)onthebus.25．（2023·高一課時練習）Pleasedon'tkeepthemachine_____________(run)whileyouareaway.26．（2023·高一課時練習）WhatIsawjustnowsetme____________(think)ofmychildhoodinthecountryside.27．（2023·高一課時練習）Educationauthoritiesarecontinuingtoreopenschools,withnearly40%ofstudentsnationwide__________(return)tocampusessofar.28．（2023·全國·高一專題練習）“Fancyyou________(s