暑假自學(xué)課：2023年小學(xué)英語五升六專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)-第9講-介詞與數(shù)詞專項(xiàng) 人教PEP版（教師版）

學(xué)科教師輔導(dǎo)教案（教師版）課程主題：五升六專題復(fù)習(xí)第九講介詞與數(shù)詞專項(xiàng)教學(xué)內(nèi)容【進(jìn)門測試】單選題()1．（2023春·全國·五年級統(tǒng)考期中）Theartshowis_______MayDay.A．in B．on C．a(chǎn)t()2．（2023春·全國·五年級統(tǒng)考期中）Benwillhaveabirthdayparty________July10th.A．in B．on C．to()3．（2023春·全國·五年級統(tǒng)考期中）WearegoingtoShanghai______October1st.A．in B．on C．a(chǎn)t()4．（2023春·全國·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）MrLiisahappyman.Healwayshasasmile______hisface.A．in B．on C．of()5．（2023春·全國·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）—Whendoyougetup?—Ioftengetup______7:00a.m.A．on B．in C．a(chǎn)t()6．（2023春·全國·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）I’minthepark.Iseeboats______thelakeandbirds______thetree.Hownice!A．a(chǎn)t;on B．on;in C．in;on()7．（2023春·全國·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）What’stheweatherlike_____London?A．in B．a(chǎn)t C．on()8．（2023春·全國·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）IcametoliveinChinawithmyparents______2008.A．in B．on C．a(chǎn)t()9．（2023春·全國·六年級統(tǒng)考期末）—What’stheweather______today?—It’ssunny.A．look B．love C．like()10．（2023春·全國·六年級統(tǒng)考期末）Whatisspring______inAustralia,Tom?looklike B．likes C．Like答案：1-5．BBBBC6-10．BAACC【多元互動】【專題指引】復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)：五年級介詞的重點(diǎn)主要在于時(shí)間介詞的用法，尤其是in、on、at三個(gè)時(shí)間介詞的運(yùn)用；另外，數(shù)詞的考察在于基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的用法以及轉(zhuǎn)化，同時(shí)需要掌握日期的表達(dá)。銜接要點(diǎn)：六年級除了掌握重點(diǎn)的時(shí)間介詞之外，還需要了解方位介詞的使用以及常見的介詞搭配；同時(shí)，學(xué)習(xí)更多序數(shù)詞在生活中的運(yùn)用。【常考知識點(diǎn)】1.時(shí)間介詞和方位介詞2.基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換3.序數(shù)詞和基礎(chǔ)詞的基本運(yùn)用【互動精講】數(shù)詞（一）基數(shù)詞1.表示數(shù)量多少的詞是基數(shù)詞，如：one,two,three，four等。2.數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成1）從1－12分別由從one到twelve，12個(gè)各不相同的詞表示。one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve2）從13－19均以后綴-teen結(jié)尾。thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen從20－90的整十?dāng)?shù)詞均以后綴-ty結(jié)尾。表示“幾十幾”時(shí)，個(gè)位和十位之間需加連字符。30，40，40，80的拼寫較為特殊twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninetytwenty-three4）整百數(shù)由1—9加hundred構(gòu)成。one(a)hundredfivehundred5)整百數(shù)和整十?dāng)?shù)之間由and連接，十位與個(gè)位之間要加連字符“-”。如果十位數(shù)為零，那就在百位和個(gè)位之間用and連接。246twohundredandforty-six2、序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞表示排列順序，如first,second,third等。1)序數(shù)詞第一、第二和第三為first,second和third,其他序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成是在基數(shù)詞后加th。例如：

six→sixthfour→fourth2)fifth(第五)、eighth(第八)、ninth(第九)和twelfth(第十二)在拼法上有變化。first,second,third,fourth,fifth,sixth,seventh,eighth,ninth,tenth,twelfth,thirteenth,fourteenth,fifteenth,sixteenth,seventeenth,eighteenth,nineteenth3)二十、三十等基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞時(shí),要把y變成ie再加-th。例如：twenty→twentiethforty→fortieth

twentieth,thirtieth,fortieth,fiftieth,sixtieth,seventieth,eightieth,ninetieth4)基數(shù)詞幾十幾變成序數(shù)詞時(shí),表示幾十的數(shù)詞不變,只把表示幾的基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞。例如：

twenty-one→twenty-first

forty-five→forty-fifth5）.序數(shù)詞的縮略形式是由阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加序數(shù)詞的最后兩個(gè)字母構(gòu)成。例如：

1st,2nd,3rd,4th,21st,32nd,40th7)序數(shù)詞前必須加定冠詞the

ThefirsttimeIcametoNanjing,Ilikeditverymuch.

我第一次來南京，我就非常喜歡這個(gè)城市。介詞1.時(shí)間介詞in在……時(shí)；在……之后,on在……時(shí),at在……時(shí),after在……之后,before在……之前1)in,on，at在……時(shí)in表示較長時(shí)間，如世紀(jì)、朝代、時(shí)代、年、季節(jié)、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。on表示具體某一天及其早、中、晚。at表示某一時(shí)刻或較短暫的時(shí)間，或泛指圣誕節(jié)，復(fù)活節(jié)等?！眷柟叹毩?xí)】_________the1950s,_________May1st,_________Monday,_________NewYear’sDay,_________acoldnightinJanuary,_________Christmas，_________night,_________noon,_________thismomentin在……之后I'llbebackhalfanhour.二、不用介詞表達(dá)時(shí)間的幾種情況當(dāng)表示時(shí)間的詞前有this,that時(shí)，其前面不用介詞，如：thismorning當(dāng)表示時(shí)間的詞前有next時(shí)，其前面不用介詞，如：nextSunday當(dāng)表示時(shí)間的詞前有l(wèi)ast時(shí)，其前面不用介詞，如：lastSunday當(dāng)表示時(shí)間的詞前有one,any,each,every,some或all時(shí)，其前面不用介詞，如：Youcancomeanyday.【鞏固練習(xí)】填上合適的時(shí)間介詞_________lastyear_________thatmorning_________everyday._________ChineseNewYear’sEve_________ChineseNewYear_________ChineseNewYearDay_________July________rainynights________asunnymorning________night________Saturdayafternoon________1989________November1st________theevening________spring________NationalDay________Teachers’Day________everynight________lastMonday二、表示地點(diǎn)的介詞in在…范圍之內(nèi)on在……表面上over垂直的上方under在…正下方between在……之間infrontof在……前面behind在……后面nextto緊挨著……near在……附近，旁邊1.區(qū)別地點(diǎn)介詞at,in,onat一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某個(gè)范圍之內(nèi)；on往往表示“在某個(gè)物體的表面”。【例題精講】HearrivedShanghaiyesterday.Theyarrivedasmallvillagebeforedark.Thereisabigholethewall.Theteacherputupapicturethewall.2.over,above,onover,on和above都可表示“在……上面”，但具體含義不同。over表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反義詞是under。above也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反義詞是below。on指兩個(gè)物體表面接觸，一個(gè)在另一的上面。【例題精講】Thereisabridgetheriver.Weflewtheclouds.我們飛越云層。Theyputsomeflowerstheteacher’sdesk.他們把一些花放在講桌上。【真題回顧】()11．（2023春·廣東深圳·五年級統(tǒng)考期中）Thereisacat______thetree.Canyouseeit?A．in B．on C．for()12．（2023春·廣東佛山·五年級統(tǒng)考期中）Look,yourglassesare______yournose.A．on B．in C．a(chǎn)t()13．（2023春·廣東汕頭·五年級統(tǒng)考期中）—Whendidthesportsprogrammebegin?—It_____4:30.A．beginat B．beginsat C．willbeginat D．beganat()14．（2023春·廣東陽江·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）Theballis________thehole.Sambringssomewaterand________it________thehole.A．on;poursinB．in;poursin C．on;poursinto D．in;poursinto()15．（2023春·山東聊城·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）Wewillarrive______Shanghai______8:00______theevening.A．in;on;in B．in;at;in C．a(chǎn)t;at;on()16．（2023春·山東臨沂·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）Mybirthdayis______January1st.A．in B．a(chǎn)t C．on()17．（2023春·山東菏澤·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）Thepostofficeis_______thepark_______DongfangStreet.A．next;in B．nextto;on C．near;for()18．（2023春·山西陽泉·五年級統(tǒng)考期中）John_______goingtothelibrary_______hismother.A．is;and B．can;with C．is;with()19．（2023春·山西太原·五年級統(tǒng)考期中）IhaveEnglishandmaths______Mondays.A．in B．on C．a(chǎn)t()20．（2023春·山西呂梁·五年級統(tǒng)考期中）It’s______the______floor.A．on;one B．on;second C．in;second()21．（2023春·山西晉中·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）Myteachergoestoschool______7:00inthemorning.A．in B．a(chǎn)t C．on()22．（2023春·陜西漢中·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）Iusuallyeatdinner______7o’clock______theevening.A．on;in B．a(chǎn)t;in C．a(chǎn)t;on()23．（2023春·陜西西安·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）Ioftengoforawalk______mymotherontheweekend.A．a(chǎn)nd B．but C．with()24．（2023春·河南洛陽·五年級統(tǒng)考期中）—WhenistheEnglishtest?—Itis______October.A．a(chǎn)t B．on C．in()25．（2023春·河南駐馬店·五年級統(tǒng)考期中）Weoftenhavedinner______6:30______theevening______theweekend.A．a(chǎn)t;in;on B．in;of;at C．with;by;to()26．（2023春·河南三門峽·五年級統(tǒng)考期中）I’mgoingtothepostoffice________fiveo’clock.A．on B．in C．a(chǎn)t()27．（2023春·河南南陽·五年級統(tǒng)考期中）Wecanmakeasnowman______winter.A．in B．a(chǎn)bout C．for()28．（2023春·山東聊城·五年級統(tǒng)考期中）Ieatbreakfast_____7o’clock_____themorning.A．on;in B．a(chǎn)t;in C．in;on()29．（2023春·全國·五年級校考期末）—WhenisJay’sconcert(音樂會)?—It’s______threeo’clock______theafternoonofNewYear’sDay.A．on;in B．a(chǎn)t;in C．a(chǎn)t;on()30．（2023春·全國·五年級?？计谥校㏕urnright______thecinema.Youcanseethebank.A．on B．in C．a(chǎn)t()31．（2023春·河北邯鄲·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）—______isyourbrother’sbirthday?—Hisbirthdayis_____July.A．What;in B．When;in C．Where;in()32．（2023春·河北邯鄲·五年級校考期中）Elephantssleep______aboutfourhourseverynight.A．a(chǎn)t B．in C．for D．on答案：11-15．AADDB16-20．CBCBB21-25．BBCCA26-30．CABCC31-32.BC二、用單詞正確形式填空33．（2023春·廣東廣州·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）Ihavebreakfast_____sixo’clock_____themorning.34．（2023春·廣東廣州·五年級?？计谀猈hen________(be)TreePlantingDay?—It’s________(介詞)March12th.35．（2023春·山東菏澤·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）Wesit_____(round)tablesinChina.36．（2023春·陜西西安·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）Thegirl________(teach)usEnglish_______Sundaymornings.37．（2023春·山西晉中·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）It'stime_______(go)toschool.It'stime_______(school).38．（2023春·河北邯鄲·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）Ourcomputerroomisonthe_________floor.Thereare_________studentsinitnow.(two)答案：33．a(chǎn)tin34．ison35．a(chǎn)round36．teacheson37．togoforschool38．second;two三、按要求填空（2023春·山東菏澤·五年級統(tǒng)考期末）用合適的介詞填空39．________thetable(在桌子上)40．________thetable(在桌子前面)41．________thebed(在床底下)42．_______October(在十月)43．________thedoor(在門后)44．________Wednesday(在星期三)45．_______seveno’clock(在7點(diǎn))46．_______thefifthofMay(在五月五號)答案：40．infrontof41．under42．in43．behind44．on45．a(chǎn)t46．on【專題銜接】數(shù)詞數(shù)詞的部分用法1、表示計(jì)量：表示事物的計(jì)量，即事物的長度、寬度、深度和高度，應(yīng)采用基數(shù)詞。如：Itis50metres/kilometers/mileslong(wide,deep,high).它有50米/千米/英里長（寬、深、高）。2、表示編號：編號的數(shù)字如果過小，可用序數(shù)詞或基數(shù)詞表示；如果數(shù)字較大，通常用基數(shù)詞表示。如：Thetenthlesson=LessonTen

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No.14MiddleSchool

第14中學(xué)

TelephoneNO.5855806

電話：5855806表示不確切的數(shù)字：基數(shù)詞后面直接加上復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示精確的數(shù)字，而基數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)形式加上“of”表示確切的數(shù)字。如：fivehundredstudents

500名學(xué)生

twothousandpeople

2000人

hundredsofstudents

幾百名學(xué)生

millionsofworkers

數(shù)百萬的工人表示年齡的主要句式如下如：

Heisaboyof10yearsold.

Heis10yearsold.

Attheageoften,hebegantolearnEnglish.

Heis10(yearsofage).

Heisaten-year-oldboy.

5、基數(shù)詞表示時(shí)刻（1）順讀法：鐘點(diǎn)+分鐘（按照順序用基數(shù)詞直接說：先說時(shí)，再說分）逆讀法：分鐘+鐘點(diǎn)7:25seventwenty-fivetwenty-fivepastseven12:54twelvefiftyfoursixtoone9:15ninefifteenaquarterpastnine2:30twothirtyhalfpasttwo方法總結(jié)：順讀法比較簡單直接按順序說即可，逆讀法借助to和past可以通過下面的公式記憶：分<30分past時(shí)分>30分to時(shí)+1分=30halfpast時(shí)分=15aquarterpast/to時(shí)（2）鐘點(diǎn)時(shí)刻前介詞用at，如：在9點(diǎn)15分ataquarterpastnine復(fù)習(xí)：at用于：時(shí)刻，三餐，年齡，節(jié)日（無day）in用于某年，某月，某季節(jié)on用于具體某一天，如：onSundaymorning,onacoldmorning,onthemorningofSeptember25th.onSunday,onthefirstofJune等。

介詞介詞的固定搭配介詞往往同其他詞類形成了固定搭配關(guān)系。記住這種固定搭配關(guān)系，才能正確使用介詞。介詞與動詞的搭配geton/offgetupgettoarriveat/inturnon/turnofflookafterlookforlookatputontakeoffworryabouttalkaboutwaitforlistentolaughataskforthankforhelpsbwithsthbuysthforsbgivesthtosb介詞與名詞的搭配onthephoneonholidayonfootonTVonthewayontheleft/rightontheradioinEnglishinfrontofatlunchtimeatfirst/lastathomeatschoolatthesametimebybus/taxi/train/ship/plane/air/sea3、介詞與形容詞的搭配belateforbeafraidofbegood/badatbeinterestedinbegoodforbesorryforbeworriedaboutbedifferentfrombefarawayfrom其他搭配lotsof/alotofaglass/pair/bottle/bowlofapicture/photoofamapoffromto...What'swrongwith...?What'sthematterwith...?【真題銜接訓(xùn)練】基礎(chǔ)提升一、單選題()1.（2023春·全國·六年級單元測試）InternationalChildren’sDayisonthe_____ofJune.A．third B．second C．first()2．（2023春·全國·六年級單元測試）Mother’sDayisonthe_______SundayinMay.A．two B．second C．three()3．（2023春·全國·六年級單元測試）Augustisthe_______monthofayear.A．eight B．eighty C．eighth()4．（2023春·廣東汕頭·六年級單元測試）Myclassroomisonthe________floor.A．one B．two C．first()5．（2023春·廣東佛山·六年級單元測試）—When’syourbirthday?—Mybirthdayison_________ofDecember.A．thirteenthsB．thethirteenC．thethirteenth D．thirteen()6．（2023春·山東臨沂·六年級單元測試）—WhereisMr.Smith’soffice?—It’son______floorofthetallbuildingrightacrossthestreet.A．five B．fifth C．thefive D．thefifth()7．（2023春·山東菏澤·六年級?？计谀㏕he______animalisthepig.A．twelve B．twelfth C．twentieth()8．（2023春·山東聊城·六年級?？计谀㏕he______boyisshorter.A．second B．two C．too()9．（2023春·廣東廣州·六年級?？计谀㊣wenttoQingdaoforthe______.A．threetime B．thirdtime C．threetimes()10．（2023春·廣東深圳·六年級?？计谀㏕hereare_______(三十)daysinApril.TodayisApril_______(第二十九).thirty;twenty-ninthB.thirteen;twenty-ninthC.thirty;twenty-nine()11．（2023春·山西忻州·六年級校考期末）WhatisTom_________?A．like B．likes C．looklike()12．（2023春·山西晉中·六年級?？计谀㎝ylittlesisterwasborn______December29th,2011.A．a(chǎn)t B．in C．on答案：1-5．CBCCC6-10．DBABA11-12．AC二、用單詞正確形式填空（2023春·山東聊城·六年級單元測試）13．Mybirthdayisonthe_______