壓軸題04-閱讀理解D(社會交往類)(解析版)(江蘇專用)

壓軸題04閱讀理解D綜合近幾年高考對于閱讀理解的能力考查形式，2023年高考對于科普說明文的考查仍然是重點(diǎn)?？破照f明文一直都是命題人提高閱讀能力的重要考點(diǎn)，因此在近幾年的高考命題中科普說明文一直都是以壓軸題的形式存在，其中包括研究報(bào)告、科學(xué)技術(shù)、社會心理、宇宙探索、醫(yī)學(xué)報(bào)告、語言學(xué)、社會生活等多種領(lǐng)域，體現(xiàn)了閱讀題材的多樣性。EQ\o\ac(○,熱)EQ\o\ac(○,點(diǎn))EQ\o\ac(○,題)EQ\o\ac(○,型)四社會交際類1.基本規(guī)律：閱讀理解D篇閱讀文章一般難度都比較大，但命題者設(shè)題的難度并不大。2．實(shí)用解題方法：①某人說的話，或者是帶引號的，一定要高度重視。很有可能就是某個(gè)問題的同義替換。②有時(shí)候每段的第一句話，僅僅是一個(gè)表述。而在第2或3句以后，會出現(xiàn)對比或者轉(zhuǎn)折。一般來說，轉(zhuǎn)折后面的是作者的態(tài)度。要注意的是：作者對什么進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)折。③每一個(gè)問題，在原文中，都要有一個(gè)定位。然后精讀，找出那個(gè)中心句或者關(guān)鍵詞。要抓文章的中心主旨和各段落的大意，閱讀理解考的就是這個(gè)“中心句”。④某人說過的話，有時(shí)并不是題眼，但可以從側(cè)面或某個(gè)角度來反映作者的觀點(diǎn)，也就是作者想表達(dá)的，正確答案都是和這樣的觀點(diǎn)相一致的。要把握關(guān)鍵詞，有感情色彩的詞。⑤注意中心句（即題眼）和前后句子之間的關(guān)系，是接著說的，還是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。要把握和前后句子之間的關(guān)系。是并列關(guān)系的，可以從這些句子里找同義詞；是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的，就通過轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系句子里的關(guān)鍵詞的相反意思來判斷。⑥注意幾個(gè)詞，yet表轉(zhuǎn)折，hardly表否定。while有時(shí)是比較，有時(shí)也表轉(zhuǎn)折。比較的時(shí)候，注意比較的對象，要弄清楚。轉(zhuǎn)折的時(shí)候，你要知道作者對什么進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)折。押題速練1.Weallknowthatunpleasantfeelingwhenwe’retalkingaboutsomethinginterestingandhalfwaythroughoursentencewe’reinterrupted.Butwasthatreallyaninterruption?Theanswerdependsonwhomyouask,accordingtonewresearchledbyKatherineHiltonfromStanfordUniversity.Usingasetofcontrolledaudioclips(錄音片段),Hiltonsurveyed5,000AmericanEnglishspeakerstobetterunderstandwhataffectspeople’sperceptionsofinterruptions.Shehadparticipantslistentoaudioclipsandthenanswerquestionsaboutwhetherthespeakersseemedtobefriendlyandengaged,listeningtooneanother,ortryingtointerrupt.HiltonfoundthatAmericanEnglishspeakershavedifferentconversationalstyles.Sheidentifiedtwodistinctgroups:highandlowintensityspeakers.Highintensityspeakersaregenerallyuncomfortablewithmomentsofsilenceinconversationandconsidertalkingatthesametimeasignofengagement.Lowintensityspeakersfinditrudetotalkatthesametimeandpreferpeoplespeakoneafteranotherinconversation.Thedifferencesinconversationalstylesbecameevidentwhenparticipantslistenedtoaudioclipsinwhichtwopeoplespokeatthesametimebutwereagreeingwitheachotherandstayedontopic,Hiltonsaid.Thehighintensitygroupreportedthatconversationswherepeoplespokeatthesametimewhenexpressingagreementwerenotinterruptivebutengagedandfriendlierthantheconversationswithmomentsofsilenceinbetweenspeakingturns.Incontrast,thelowintensitygroupperceivedanyamountofsimultaneous(同時(shí))chatasarudeinterruption,regardlessofwhatthespeakersweresaying.“Peoplecareaboutbeinginterrupted,andthosesmallinterruptionscanhaveamassiveeffectontheoverallcommunication,”Hiltonsaid.“Breakingapartwhataninterruptionmeansisessentialifwewanttounderstandhowhumansinteractwitheachother.”1．WhatdoesHilton’sresearchfocuson?A．Whatinterruptionsmeantopeople.B．Whetherinterruptionisgoodornot.C．Howtoavoidgettinginterrupted.D．Whyspeakersinterrupteachother.2．Whatdoparticipantsofthestudyneedtodo?A．Recordanaudioclip. B．Answersomequestions.C．Listentooneanother. D．Haveachatwithafriend.3．Whatdolowintensityspeakersthinkofsimultaneouschat?A．It’simportant. B．It’sinteresting.C．It’sinefficient. D．It’simpolite.4．WhatcanwelearnfromHilton’sresearch?A．Humaninteractioniscomplex.B．Communicationisthebasisoflife.C．Interruptionspromotethinking.D．Languagebarrierswillalwaysexist.【答案】1．A

2．B

3．D

4．A【解析】這是一篇說明文。研究表明，在談話中被打斷是否會帶來不愉快，因人而異。1．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Butwasthatreallyaninterruption?Theanswerdependsonwhomyouask,accordingtonewresearchledbyKatherineHiltonfromStanfordUniversity.(但這真的是打擾嗎？根據(jù)斯坦福大學(xué)凱瑟琳·希爾頓領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項(xiàng)新研究，答案取決于你問誰)”和第四段第二、三句“Thehighintensitygroupreportedthatconversationswherepeoplespokeatthesametimewhenexpressingagreementwerenotinterruptivebutengagedandfriendlierthantheconversationswithmomentsofsilenceinbetweenspeakingturns.Incontrast,thelowintensitygroupperceivedanyamountofsimultaneouschatasarudeinterruption,regardlessofwhatthespeakersweresaying.(高強(qiáng)度組報(bào)告說，人們在表達(dá)同意的同時(shí)說話的對話不會被打斷，而是比在說話之間保持沉默的對話更投入、更友好。相比之下，低強(qiáng)度組認(rèn)為任何數(shù)量的同時(shí)聊天都是粗魯?shù)拇驍?，不管說話人在說什么)”可知，文章主要說明了“打斷”對不同的人來說，意義不同，即“打斷”對人們意味著什么。故選A項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Shehadparticipantslistentoaudioclipsandthenanswerquestionsaboutwhetherthespeakersseemedtobefriendlyandengaged,listeningtooneanother,ortryingtointerrupt.(她讓參與者聽一些音頻片段，然后回答一些問題，比如說話者看起來是否友好、投入、彼此傾聽，還是試圖打斷)”可知，參與者們需要在聽完音頻后回答一些問題。故選B項(xiàng)。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Lowintensityspeakersfinditrudetotalkatthesametimeandpreferpeoplespeakoneafteranotherinconversation.(低強(qiáng)度說話者覺得同時(shí)說話很不禮貌，他們更喜歡人們在談話中一個(gè)接一個(gè)地說話)”可推知，對于低強(qiáng)度聊天者來說，同時(shí)聊天是粗魯?shù)?，不禮貌的。故選D項(xiàng)。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Peoplecareaboutbeinginterrupted,andthosesmallinterruptionscanhaveamassiveeffectontheoverallcommunication,”Hiltonsaid.“Breakingapartwhataninterruptionmeansisessentialifwewanttounderstandhowhumansinteractwitheachother.”(“人們很在意被打斷，而這些小的干擾會對整體交流產(chǎn)生巨大影響，”希爾頓說?！叭绻覀兿肓私馊祟愔g是如何互動的，就必須分解中斷的含義?！?”可推知，人類的交流是復(fù)雜的。故選A項(xiàng)。押題速練2Ithashappenedtousall:sittingonthesofa,toyingwiththeideaofsendinganoldfriendanunexpectedtext,butworryingthatamessageoutofthebluemayseemunusualorjustunwelcome.However,researchsuggestssuchfearsareunfounded,withthoseonthereceivingendoftenfarmoregratefulthanthesendermayexpect.DrPeggyLiu,theleadauthoroftheresearchsaidtheteambegantheirresearchbecausetheyfeltalotofpeoplewerelosingtouchwitheachother.“Wewonderedwhythatmightbe,”shesaid.Liuandhercolleaguesconductedaseriesofexperiments,basedonhypothetical(虛構(gòu)的)andreal-lifeplots,involvingmorethan5,900participants.Inoneexperiment,54participantswroteanotetoafellowcollegestudenttheyhadn’tbeenintouchforawhile.Thisnotewasemailedtothelatterbytheresearchers,whoaskedboththewriterandrecipienttoindicatehowmuchtheyfeltthemessagewasappreciated.Theresultsshowthatonaveragesendersratedrecipients’(接收者)appreciationat5.57onaseven-pointscale,whiletherecipientsthemselvesratedtheirappreciationat6.17.Theteamsaidthisandotherexperimentsrevealedthatpeoplereceivingmessagesappreciatethemsignificantlymorethanthesendertendstoexpect.ButLiusaidquestionsremained.“Whileweshowthatpeopletypicallyunderestimatehowmuchothersappreciatebeingreachedoutto,itremainsanoutstandingquestionhowwecanactuallymotivatepeopletoreachouttoothersmore,”shesaid.“That’swhatwe’regoingtodonext.”StephenReicher,aprofessorofsocialpsychologyattheUniversityofStAndrews,saidtheresultsmadesense.“Ifthepandemic(疫情爆發(fā))hastaughtusanything,itisthatwehaveapandemicoflonelinesscausingmassiveharmandweneedtoaddressiturgentlyasamatterofpublichealth,”“Feelingconnectedtoothershasconsistentlybeenshowntobegoodforourphysicalandmentalhealth.Suchconnectionscanberemarkablyeffectiveineverythingfromprotectingagainstdepressiontorecoveryfromheartattacks,”hesaid,addingthatsimplyfeelingpartofagroupwasequallyeffective.1．WhatdoesLiu’sresearchwanttofindout?A．Howpeopleareovercomingfearsofcontactingfriends.B．Whypeoplearegettingdisconnectedwitheachother.C．Whenpeoplecansendtextstorebuildanoldfriendship.D．Whetherpeopleshouldsendfriendsanunexpectedtext.2．WhataspectoftheresearchdoesPara.4mainlytalkabout?A．Itsdesign. B．Itsimpact. C．Itsprocess. D．Itstheory.3．Whatwilltheresearchersdonext?A．Findwaystoconnectpeople.B．Increasetrustbetweenpeople.C．Shapepeople’sperceptionoffriends.D．Callonpeopletoappreciatefriendship.4．WhatmessagedoesStephenReicherwanttoconvey?A．Thepandemicistoblameformentalillness.B．Reachingouttoothersisbeneficialtohealth.C．Joiningagroupispreferabletogettingconnected.D．Theauthoritiesshouldaddresslonelinessurgently.【答案】1．B

2．C

3．A

4．B【解析】這是一篇說明文。研究者通過調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果給一個(gè)許久未聯(lián)系的老朋友發(fā)消息，信息接收者往往比信息發(fā)送者預(yù)估的要更加高興，與他人聯(lián)系有益身心健康。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“DrPeggyLiu,theleadauthoroftheresearchsaidtheteambegantheirresearchbecausetheyfeltalotofpeoplewerelosingtouchwitheachother.“Wewonderedwhythatmightbe,”shesaid.(這項(xiàng)研究的主要作者劉佩吉博士說，研究小組開始研究是因?yàn)樗麄冇X得很多人正在失去聯(lián)系?！拔覀兿胫罏槭裁磿@樣，”她說)”可知，劉的研究想弄清楚為什么人們之間的聯(lián)系越來越疏遠(yuǎn)。故選B。2．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Liuandhercolleaguesconductedaseriesofexperiments,basedonhypothetical(虛構(gòu)的)andreal-lifeplots,involvingmorethan5,900participants.Inoneexperiment,54participantswroteanotetoafellowcollegestudenttheyhadn’tbeenintouchforawhile.Thisnotewasemailedtothelatterbytheresearchers,whoaskedboththewriterandrecipienttoindicatehowmuchtheyfeltthemessagewasappreciated.(劉和她的同事進(jìn)行了一系列實(shí)驗(yàn)，基于假設(shè)和現(xiàn)實(shí)情節(jié)，涉及5900多名參與者。在一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，54名參與者給一位已經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間沒有聯(lián)系的大學(xué)同學(xué)寫了一張紙條。研究人員通過電子郵件將這封信發(fā)給了后者，并要求寫信人和收信人說明他們對這封信的感激程度)”可知，第四段主要講了調(diào)查的過程。故選C。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段最后兩句““Whileweshowthatpeopletypicallyunderestimatehowmuchothersappreciatebeingreachedoutto,itremainsanoutstandingquestionhowwecanactuallymotivatepeopletoreachouttoothersmore,”shesaid.“That’swhatwe’regoingtodonext.”(“雖然我們的研究表明，人們通常低估了別人被聯(lián)系的感激程度，但我們?nèi)绾尾拍苷嬲?lì)人們更多地聯(lián)系別人，這仍然是一個(gè)懸而未決的問題，”她說?！斑@就是我們接下來要做的。”)”可知，研究者接下來會尋找讓人們聯(lián)系的方法。故選A。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第三句“Feelingconnectedtoothershasconsistentlybeenshowntobegoodforourphysicalandmentalhealth.(與他人的聯(lián)系一直被證明對我們的身心健康有好處)”可知，StephenReicher想要傳達(dá)的信息是和他人聯(lián)系有益健康。故選B。押題速練3We’veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.What’stheproblem?It’spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It’smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit’sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit’sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit’saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan’tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn’tevenexistifitweren’tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease(潤滑劑)forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast.＂Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,＂heexplains.＂Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.＂Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction(互動)withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.＂It’snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,＂saysDunn.＂Butinteractionswithperipheral(邊緣的)membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.＂Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.＂Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,＂hesays.1．Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?A．Addictiontosmartphones.B．Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.C．Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.D．Impatiencewithslowservice.2．WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?A．Showinggoodmanners. B．Relatingtootherpeople.C．Focusingonatopic. D．Makingbusinessdeals.3．Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?A．Itimprovesfamilyrelationships. B．Itraisespeople’sconfidence.C．Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk. D．Itmakespeoplefeelgood.4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ConversationCounts B．WaysofMakingSmallTalkC．BenefitsofSmallTalk D．UncomfortableSilence【答案】1．C

2．B

3．D

4．C【解析】這是一篇議論文。在當(dāng)今社會，人們在公共場合或沉迷于智能手機(jī)，或與不舒服的沉默抗?fàn)?，陌生人之間缺乏溝通。但人與人之間是需要適當(dāng)?shù)慕徽勯e聊的，閑聊是人際關(guān)系社會交往必不可少的部分，而且也有很多好處。1．主旨大意題。題干問的是：第一段描述了什么現(xiàn)象。在公共場合（比如在電梯里，在銀行排隊(duì)，或在飛機(jī)上）人們深深地專注于他們的智能手機(jī)，或者更糟糕的是，與不舒服的沉默抗?fàn)?。有此可知，陌生人之間缺乏溝通。A項(xiàng)意為：沉迷于智能手機(jī)。B項(xiàng)意為：在公共場所不適當(dāng)?shù)男袨?。C項(xiàng)意為：陌生人之間缺乏溝通。D項(xiàng)意為：對緩慢的服務(wù)不耐煩。故選C項(xiàng)。2．推理判斷題。題干問得是對于Carducci來說，成功的閑聊中重要的是什么。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem”（成功閑聊的關(guān)鍵是學(xué)習(xí)如何與他們交流，而不僅僅是與他們溝通。）由此推斷C符合題意。A項(xiàng)意為：表現(xiàn)出良好的禮貌。B項(xiàng)意為：與他人有關(guān)的。C項(xiàng)意為：專注于一個(gè)話題。D項(xiàng)意為：做商業(yè)交易。故選B項(xiàng)。3．推理判斷題。題干問的是：咖啡店的研究對閑聊有什么建議。根據(jù)第四段的調(diào)查結(jié)果可知，那些與服務(wù)員聊天的人，有顯著的積極情緒和更好的咖啡店體驗(yàn)。由此可知，D項(xiàng)符合題意。A項(xiàng)意為：閑聊改善了家庭關(guān)系。B項(xiàng)意為：閑聊提高了人們的信心。C項(xiàng)意為：閑聊和正式談話一樣重要。D項(xiàng)意為：閑聊讓人感覺很好。故選D項(xiàng)。4．主旨大意題。整篇文章剛開始介紹了社會的現(xiàn)象（公共場合人們沉迷于智能手機(jī)，陌生人之間缺乏溝通交流），接著分析了這一問題的原因，接下來有專家對閑聊進(jìn)行了研究，最后得出結(jié)論，閑聊都有什么樣的好處。A項(xiàng)意為：談話很重要。B項(xiàng)意為：閑聊的方法。C項(xiàng)意為：閑聊的好處。D項(xiàng)意為：不舒服的沉默。故選C項(xiàng)。押題速練4Theterm“socialdistancing”hasbeenatthecenterofpublicconversationforawhile.Butit’snot“social”distancewearetryingtopromote.It’sphysicalseparation.Infact,preservingsocialties—evenatadistance—isessentialforbothmentalandphysicalhealth.Theresultsofananalyticreviewdonein2017indicatethatalackofsocialsupportisonaparwithsmokingcigarettesasariskfactorforhealth.Giventhisfact,howmightwebeststayconnectedtootherswhilemaintainingphysicaldistance?Wouldwebebetteroffe-mailingafriend?Makingaphonecall?Settingupavideochat?Inourstudy,NickEpleyandItestedwhetherthemediathroughwhichpeopleinteractaffectstheirsenseofconnection—andhowexpectationsaboutcertaintechnologiesimpactthecommunicationmediatheychoosetouse.Inourexperiment,weaskedparticipantstoreconnectwithsomeonethattheyhadn’tinteractedwithrecently,eitherthroughe-mailoroverthephone.Participantsfirstmadepredictionsaboutwhatitwouldbeliketogetintouchiftheyreachedoutinthesetwoways.Theygenerallybelievedthatthey’dfeelmoreconnectedwheninteractingviathephonethanovere-mail.Buttheyalsopredictedthattalkingonthephonecouldbemoreuncomfortablethansendingane-mail.Althoughtheseparticipantsbelievedthattalkingencouragedstrongerbonds,mostofthemsaidthey’drathersendane-mailthancallthepersonup.Fearsaboutawkwardness,itseems,pushindividualstowardtext-basedmethodsforcommunicating.Inthenextpartoftheexperiment,wehadparticipantsactuallyreconnectusingonerandomlydeterminedmodeofcommunicationandthenfollowedupwiththemaftertheyhaddoneso.Wefoundthatpeopledoformmeaningfullystrongerbondswheninteractingoverthephonethanovere-mail.Importantly,though,therewasnodifferenceintheamountofdiscomfortwhenreconnectingonthephone.Thenexttimeyouthinkabouthowbesttoconnect,considercallingorsettingupavideochat.Feelingsofsocialconnectionarepreferablyfacilitatedbyvoiceratherthanakeyboard.1．Howdoestheauthorsupporthisviewontheimportanceofmaintainingsocialties?A．Bystatingadeep-rootedtradition. B．Bycitingapublishedreport.C．Bysharingpublicopinions. D．Bypresentingofficialdocuments.2．WhatdidtheauthorandEpley’sstudyfocuson?A．Howtechnologiesimpactmeansofcommunication.B．Howsocialmediachoicesaffectfeelingsofconnection.C．Whymaintainingsocialseparationisbadformentalhealth.D．Whyreconnectingwithfriendsoverthephonebringsawkwardness.3．Whatcanweinferfromthestudyresults?A．Theychangedtheresearchobjectives. B．Theyprovidedinsightsforfuturestudies.C．Theyconfirmedresearchers’expectations. D．Theycontradictedparticipants’predictionspartly.4．Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetext?A．Forstrongerbonds,talkinsteadoftyping.B．Keepingintouchiskeytoalastingfriendship.C．Thinkbeforeyouconsidercontactinganoldfriend.D．Text-basedmethodsforcommunicationcausediscomfort.【答案】1．B

2．A

3．D

4．A【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了保持社會聯(lián)系——即使是遠(yuǎn)距離聯(lián)系——對身心健康都至關(guān)重要，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人們通過電話交流比通過電子郵件交流更能形成有意義的紐帶。重要的是，當(dāng)用手機(jī)重新聯(lián)系時(shí)，他們的不適程度沒有區(qū)別。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Infact,preservingsocialties—evenatadistance—isessentialforbothmentalandphysicalhealth.Theresultsofananalyticreviewdonein2017indicatethatalackofsocialsupportisonaparwithsmokingcigarettesasariskfactorforhealth.(事實(shí)上，保持社會聯(lián)系——即使是遠(yuǎn)距離聯(lián)系——對身心健康都至關(guān)重要。2017年進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)分析審查的結(jié)果表明，缺乏社會支持與吸煙一樣是健康的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素)”可知，作者通過引用一份發(fā)表的報(bào)告支持他關(guān)于保持社會聯(lián)系重要性的觀點(diǎn)。故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Inourstudy,NickEpleyandItestedwhetherthemediathroughwhichpeopleinteractaffectstheirsenseofconnection—andhowexpectationsaboutcertaintechnologiesimpactthecommunicationmediatheychoosetouse.(在我們的研究中，NickEpley和我測試了人們互動的媒體是否會影響他們的聯(lián)系感，以及對某些技術(shù)的期望如何影響他們選擇使用的交流媒體)”可知，作者和Epley的研究重點(diǎn)是技術(shù)如何影響交流手段。故選A。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Buttheyalsopredictedthattalkingonthephonecouldbemoreuncomfortablethansendingane-mail.(但他們也預(yù)測，打電話可能比發(fā)電子郵件更讓人不舒服)”以及倒數(shù)第二段中“Wefoundthatpeopledoformmeaningfullystrongerbondswheninteractingoverthephonethanovere-mail.Importantly,though,therewasnodifferenceintheamountofdiscomfortwhenreconnectingonthephone.(我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們通過電話交流比通過電子郵件交流更能形成有意義的紐帶。然而，重要的是，當(dāng)用手機(jī)重新聯(lián)系時(shí)，他們的不適程度沒有區(qū)別)”可推知，研究結(jié)果與參與者的預(yù)測部分矛盾。故選D。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thenexttimeyouthinkabouthowbesttoconnect,considercallingorsettingupavideochat.Feelingsofsocialconnectionarepreferablyfacilitatedbyvoiceratherthanakeyboard.(下次當(dāng)你考慮如何最好地聯(lián)系時(shí)，考慮打電話或建立視頻聊天。社交聯(lián)系的感覺最好是通過聲音而不是鍵盤來促進(jìn)的)”可推知，要想加強(qiáng)聯(lián)系，用交談代替打字。故選A。押題速練5Societytellsusweshouldsocializetothefullest,andthatthosewhoaresurroundedbypeoplearethemostsuccessfulandthehappiest.Thesedays,we’realmostalwaysconnected,whetherinpersonorthroughourphonescreensandonlinesocialnetworks.Butthere’ssomethingtobesaidforsolitude(獨(dú)處)Beingalone“doesn’tnecessarilymean”beinglonely”.Infact,spendingtimebyyourselfisanessentialelementofself-care.Aroundtheglobe,differentcultureshavewide-rangingperspectivesonwhatitmeanstospendtimealone.IfyouliveorhavespenttimeintheUnitedStates,you’reprobablyawarethatAmericanstendtorejectsolitude.Formanyyoungerpeople,weekendsarepackedwithsocialactivities,rangingfrombrunchwithfriendstodinnerpartiestogamenightstodrinkingatbarsandeverythinginbetween.TheUnitedStatesisn’ttheonlyplacewhereyou’llfindaheavyemphasisonsocialtime.AcrosstheAtlantic,theUnitedKingdomisknownforbeinganextremelyextroverted(外向型的)country.AsurveyofBritsfoundthatmorethanhalfhadneverdoneandwouldbeunwillingtodoactivitieslikegoingtothemeparksorseeinglivemusicalone.MostBritsspendalmosttwiceasmuchoftheirleisuretimesocializingwithothersaastheydobeingalone.Thehomecanbeaplaceofrest,relaxationandrecharge-thatis,ifyoulivebyyourselforhavethespacetobealoneinyourhome.ThecountryinwhichpeopleareleastlikelytolivealoneisIndia,atabout4percentofthepopulation.Chinaisalsoquitefondofmultiple-personhouseholds,withonlyabout10percentofpeoplelivingbythemselves.Inmorecollectivistcultureslikethese,manyaspectsofliferevolve(圍繞)aroundcommunity.Thus,spendingtimealoneisn’tasingrained(根深蒂固的)asasocialconventioninplaceslikethese,andthegoodofthegrouptakespriorityovertheneedsofoneperson.1．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A．Peoplecanbenefitmorefromsolitude. B．Peopletendtosocializemorenowadays.C．Bringalonegenerallyequalsbeing