2022年江蘇南京中考考前押題密卷（全解全析）

2022年江蘇南京中考考前押題密卷英語(yǔ)·全解全析（考試時(shí)間：90分鐘試卷滿分：90分）注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷共10頁(yè)。全卷滿分90分?？荚嚂r(shí)間為90分鐘。試題包含選擇題和非選擇題?？忌痤}全部答在答題卡上，答在本試卷上無(wú)效。2.請(qǐng)認(rèn)真核對(duì)監(jiān)考教師在答題卡上所粘貼條形碼的姓名、考試證號(hào)是否與本人相符合，再將自己的姓名、考試證號(hào)用0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆填寫在答題卡及本試卷上。3.答選擇題必須用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，請(qǐng)用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答非選擇題必須用0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆寫在答題卡的指定位置，在其他位置答題一律無(wú)效。選擇題（共40分）一、單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。1．—WhendidtheShenzhouⅫreturntotheEarth?—________theafternoonofSeptember17.A．In B．On C．At D．Since【答案】B【詳解】句意：神舟十二是什么時(shí)候返回地球的？考查介詞辨析。in后接年、月或泛指的上下午、晚上等；on后接具體日期或具體某一天的上下午、晚上等；at后接具體鐘表時(shí)刻等；since自從。根據(jù)“...theafternoonofSeptember17.”可知此處指在9月17日這一天的下午，用介詞on。故選B。2．—Ricky,yourpronunciationsoundsgood._________haveyoulearntFrench?—WhenIvisitedParistwoyearsago,Ibegantolearnitonline.A．Where B．When C．Howmuch D．Howlong【答案】D【詳解】句意：——瑞奇，你的發(fā)音聽起來(lái)不錯(cuò)。你學(xué)法語(yǔ)多久了？——當(dāng)我兩年前訪問巴黎時(shí)，我開始在網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)。考查特殊疑問句。where在哪；When何時(shí)；Howmuch多少，提問不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量或價(jià)格；Howlong多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，對(duì)一段時(shí)間或長(zhǎng)度提問。根據(jù)“haveyoulearntFrench?”可知此處詢問學(xué)了多久法語(yǔ)，表示時(shí)長(zhǎng)，用howlong來(lái)提問，故選D。3．“TheWartoResistU.S.AggressionandAidKorea”(抗美援朝)isafamouswar,butsadly,________knowswhatthecertaindeathtollis.A．everybody B．nobody C．a(chǎn)nybody D．somebody【答案】B【詳解】句意：“抗美援朝戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”是一場(chǎng)著名的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，但令人遺憾的是，沒有人知道確切的死亡人數(shù)?？疾閺?fù)合不定代詞辨析。everybody每個(gè)人；nobody沒有人；anybody任何人；somebody某人。根據(jù)“butsadly,...knowswhatthecertaindeathtollis.”可知，前后句意轉(zhuǎn)折，雖然戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)很出名，但是沒有人知道確切的傷亡人數(shù)，故選B。4．Hisauntwantsto________himtofixthewatch,buthehasalreadyhadit________.A．make,repair B．get,repair C．have,repaired D．get,repaired【答案】D【詳解】句意：他的阿姨想要讓他修理手表，但他已經(jīng)讓人修理好了?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。固定短語(yǔ)make/havesb.dosth.“使某人干某事”；getsb.todosth.“使某人干某事”；havesth.done表示“讓別人干某事”。根據(jù)空格后的“himtofixthewatch”可知此處是指“叫他去修手表”，需用get，排除AC選項(xiàng)。又根據(jù)第二個(gè)空格前的“hadit”可知此處是指“他讓別人修好了”，需用過去分詞。故選D。5．Thefatboyhadbetterdo________exerciseandeat________snacksifhewantstobehealthier.A．more;less B．less;more C．fewer;more D．more;fewer【答案】D【詳解】句意：如果那個(gè)胖男孩想要更健康的話，他最好多做運(yùn)動(dòng)，少吃零食。考查比較級(jí)。more更多的，many和much的比較級(jí)；less更少的，little的比較級(jí)，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；fewer更少的，few的比較級(jí)，修飾可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)第一空“Thefatboyhadbetterdo...exercise”可知，這個(gè)胖男孩應(yīng)該“多運(yùn)動(dòng)”，因此第一空是more；第二空根據(jù)“eat...snacks”表示，他應(yīng)該吃“更少的”零食，snack是可數(shù)名詞，因此用fewer修飾。故選D。6．Thecostofliving________alot.Asaresult,myfatherhastofindanotherjobtofeedus.A．hasraised B．hasrisen C．raised D．rose【答案】B【詳解】句意：生活成本已經(jīng)上漲了很多。結(jié)果，我爸爸不得不另找一份工作來(lái)養(yǎng)活我們?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析及現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)“myfatherhastofindanotherjobtofeedus”可知爸爸不得不找另一份工作是因?yàn)樯畛杀镜纳蠞q，且這件事已經(jīng)發(fā)生，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響，因此句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。主語(yǔ)是Thecostofliving，第三人稱單數(shù)，因此動(dòng)詞要用rise表示“（價(jià)格）上漲”，其過去分詞為risen。構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要借助助動(dòng)詞has。故選B。7．_________moreandmorepeoplesurftheInternetfornews,thetraditionalnewspapermaynotdisappearinashorttime.A．Though B．Since C．Because D．Unless【答案】A【詳解】句意：雖然越來(lái)越多的人上網(wǎng)看新聞，但傳統(tǒng)報(bào)紙可能不會(huì)在短時(shí)間內(nèi)消失。考查連詞辨析。Though盡管；Since既然；Because因?yàn)?；Unless除非。根據(jù)“moreandmorepeoplesurftheInternetfornews,thetraditionalnewspapermaynotdisappearinashorttime”可知，此處是though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示“雖然，即使”，不能與but連用。故選A。8．—HaveyouheardthatChina’sprodigy(奇才)GuAilingclaimedthehistoricgoldinthewomen’sfreeskibigairoftheBeijing2022OlympicWinterGames?—It’snotsurprising.________.Shehasworkedhardatittheseyears.A．Everydoghasitsday B．ActionsspeaklouderthanwordsC．Nopain,nogain D．Manyhandsmakelightwork【答案】C【詳解】句意：——你聽說了嗎？中國(guó)奇才谷愛凌在北京2022年冬奧會(huì)自由式滑雪女子大跳臺(tái)比賽中獲得了歷史性的金牌?！@并不奇怪，一分耕耘一分收獲。這些年她一直在努力訓(xùn)練。考查習(xí)語(yǔ)。Everydoghasitsday凡人皆有得意日；Actionsspeaklouderthanwords事實(shí)勝于雄辯；Nopain,nogain一分耕耘一分收獲；Manyhandsmakelightwork人多好辦事。根據(jù)“Shehasworkedhardatittheseyears.”可知，谷愛凌一直努力訓(xùn)練，所以她獲得了金牌，這體現(xiàn)了“一分耕耘一分收獲”。故選C。9．ThefilmTheBattleAtLakeChangjinⅡhasreceivedhighpraisesinceit________onscreen.A．put B．isput C．wasput D．willbeput【答案】C【詳解】句意：電影《長(zhǎng)津湖之水門橋》自從上映以來(lái)就獲得了高度的好評(píng)?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“ThefilmTheBattleAtLakeChangjinⅡhasreceivedhighpraisesinceit...onscreen”可知since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)；再分析主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選C。10．—Whodidyou________makethecakefor?—Mymother.TodayisherbirthdayandIwanttogiveherasurprise.A．specially B．successfully C．especially D．curiously【答案】A【詳解】句意：——你特地為誰(shuí)做的蛋糕？——我的母親。今天是她的生日，我想給她一個(gè)驚喜。考查副詞辨析。specially特別地，專門地；successfully成功地；especially尤其是；curiously好奇地。根據(jù)“TodayisherbirthdayandIwanttogiveherasurprise.”可知今天是母親的生日，特地為她做的蛋糕，此處問特地為誰(shuí)做的蛋糕，用specially。故選A。11．—Doyoureallydecidetotakethejob?—Yes,orIwill________nottakingtheoffer.A．repeat B．regret C．review D．reduce【答案】B【詳解】句意：——你真的決定接受這份工作?——是的,否則我會(huì)后悔沒有接受這個(gè)工作。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。repeat重復(fù)；regret遺憾,后悔；review復(fù)習(xí)；reduce減少。根據(jù)句意可知此處用regret后悔。故選B。12．Youcanseethe_________onpeople’sfaceswhentheytalkaboutChina’schangesinthepast70years.A．pride B．secret C．regret D．courage【答案】A【詳解】句意：當(dāng)人們談?wù)撨^去70年的中國(guó)的變化時(shí)，你可以在他們臉上看到驕傲?？疾槊~辨析。pride“驕傲，自豪”；secret“秘密”；regret“遺憾，后悔”；courage“勇氣”。根據(jù)“whentheytalkaboutChina’schangesinthepast70years.”可知，過去的七十年里中國(guó)發(fā)生了巨大的變化，因此臉上洋溢的是自豪感。故選A。13．—Couldyoutellme_______?—YoucansearchforitontheInternet.A．howmuchthepopulationofIndiais B．whatwilllifeonMarsbelikeC．ifthelastbushadleft D．whowrotethiswonderfulpoem【答案】D【詳解】句意：——你能告訴我誰(shuí)寫了這首精彩的詩(shī)歌嗎？——你可以上網(wǎng)搜索一下?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句需要用陳述句語(yǔ)序，排除B；對(duì)population提問，應(yīng)用what，排除A；結(jié)合句中“YoucansearchforitontheInternet.”可知，通過搜索可以得到答案，選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。14．—Itissaidthatpeopleborninthe1990sonlycareaboutthemselves.—________.Manynursesanddoctorsofthisagearefightingonthefrontlinesoftheepidemic.A．Yes,that’strue B．That’snotthecase C．Iagreewithyou D．Ican’tagreemore【答案】B【詳解】句意：——據(jù)說90后只關(guān)心自己?！闆r不是這樣的。許多這個(gè)年齡的護(hù)士和醫(yī)生正在疫情的前線戰(zhàn)斗?？疾榍榫敖浑H。Yes,that’strue是的，這是真的；That’snotthecase情況不是這樣的；Iagreewithyou我同意你的觀點(diǎn)；Ican’tagreemore我完全同意。根據(jù)“Itissaidthatpeopleborninthe1990sonlycareaboutthemselves”以及“Manynursesanddoctorsofthisagearefightingonthefrontlinesoftheepidemic”可知，并不同意對(duì)方的觀點(diǎn)，故選B。15．—IthinkthedramaseriesALifelongJourney(《人世間》)isworthwatching.—________.Wecanseegreatchangesoverthefiftyyearsfromthedramaseries.A．That’sallright B．Ican’tagreemore C．That’sagoodidea D．Believeitornot【答案】B【詳解】句意：——我認(rèn)為《人世間》這部電視劇值得一看?！彝耆狻Ｎ覀兛梢詮倪@部電視劇中看到50年來(lái)的巨大變化。考查情景交際。That’sallright沒關(guān)系；Ican’tagreemore我完全同意；That’sagoodidea這是個(gè)好主意；Believeitornot信不信由你。根據(jù)空格后的句子“Wecanseegreatchangesoverthefiftyyearsfromthedramaseries”可知，空格處所填內(nèi)容是完全同意上文所說的話。故選B。二、完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Ihadspentanhourinthebankwithmydad,sincehehadtotransfermoney(轉(zhuǎn)賬).Iasked,“Dad,whydon’twedoitwithyourInternetbanking?”Healreadyopenedoneafewmonthsago.“WhywouldIdothat?”he____16____.“Well,thenyouwon’thaveto____17____anhourhereforthingsliketransfer.Youcanevendoyourshoppingonline;everythingwillbeso____18____!”IwassoexcitedtotellhimallkindsofadvantagesofInternetbanking.Heasked,“IfIdothat,Iwon’thavetostepoutofthehouse?”“Yes,yes!”Isaid.ItoldhimhowAmazondelivers(遞送)everything.Hisanswermademe____19____.Hesaid,“SinceIenteredthisbanktoday,Ihavemetfourofmyfriends;Ihavechattedawhilewiththepeoplewhoknowmeverywellbynow.YouknowI’mlonely…thisiswhatIneed____20____.Iliketogetreadyandcometothebank.Ihaveenoughtimeanditisthe‘physicaltouch’thatI____21____.TwoyearsagowhenIgotsick,thestoreownerfromwhomIoftenbuyfruitscametoseemeandchattedwithme.Whenyourmumfelldownafewdaysagowhileonhermorningwalk,theflowershopkeepersawitandsoongothiscartodriveherhome____22____heknowswherewelive.WouldIhavethat‘human’____23____ifeverythingbecameonline?WhywouldIwanteverythingdeliveredtomeandlookatmycomputerallthetime?IliketoknowthepersonthatI’mdealingwithandnotjustthe‘seller’.Itcreates____24____;doesAmazondeliverallthisaswell?Technologyisn’t_____25_____.Spendtimewithpeople.Notwithdevices.”16．A．a(chǎn)ccepted B．suggested C．complained D．replied17．A．save B．reduce C．waste D．take18．A．cheap B．easy C．crazy D．a(chǎn)wful19．A．surprised B．worried C．bored D．excited20．A．recently B．rapidly C．simply D．exactly21．A．refuse B．expect C．offer D．remind22．A．a(chǎn)s B．a(chǎn)lthough C．if D．unless23．A．spirit B．sense C．touch D．nature24．A．businesses B．relationships C．chances D．wonders25．A．society B．power C．money D．life【答案】16．D17．C18．B19．A20．D21．B22．A23．C24．B25．D【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。短文主要講述了作者和他的父親對(duì)網(wǎng)上銀行的討論。父親的觀點(diǎn)讓作者對(duì)科技有了新的認(rèn)識(shí)。16．句意：“我為什么要那么做？”他回答。accepted接受；suggested建議；complained抱怨；replied回答。根據(jù)上句“Iasked,“Dad,whydon’twedoitwithyourInternetbanking?””可推知，空處應(yīng)用“回答”。故選D。17．句意：那你就不用在這里浪費(fèi)一個(gè)小時(shí)來(lái)處理轉(zhuǎn)賬這種事了。save節(jié)??；reduce減少；waste浪費(fèi)；take帶走。根據(jù)上文“Ihadspentanhourinthebankwithmydad,sincehehadtotransfermoney(轉(zhuǎn)賬).Iasked,“Dad,whydon’twedoitwithyourInternetbanking?”Healreadyopenedoneafewmonthsago.”語(yǔ)境可知，作者認(rèn)為是在這里浪費(fèi)一個(gè)小時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)賬。故選C。18．句意：你甚至可以在網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物，一切都很簡(jiǎn)單。cheap便宜的；easy容易的；crazy瘋狂的；awful可怕的。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，在網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物和做其他的事情都很簡(jiǎn)單的。故選B。19．句意：他的回答讓我很驚訝。surprised驚訝的；worried擔(dān)心的；bored無(wú)聊的；excited激動(dòng)人心的。根據(jù)下文“Hesaid,"SinceIwalkedintothisbanktoday,IhavemetfourofmyoldfriendsandIhavechattedawhilewiththestaff（員工）.Ihavemuchfreetime,soIliketocometothebankand5differentpeople.”可知，作者的父親去銀行轉(zhuǎn)賬見了不同的人們，這讓他很開心，故這個(gè)回答應(yīng)是令作者很驚訝。故選A。20．句意：你知道我很寂寞……，這正是我需要的。recently最近；rapidly迅速地；simply簡(jiǎn)單地；exactly準(zhǔn)確地。根據(jù)前句“YouknowI’mlonely…”可推知，在銀行里和不同的人聊天正是作者的父親需要的。故選D。21．句意：我有足夠的時(shí)間，我期待的是身體上的接觸。refuse拒絕；expect期待；offer提供；remind提醒。根據(jù)前句“Iliketogetreadyandcometothebank.”可知，身體上的接觸應(yīng)是作者父親所期待的。故選B。22．句意：花店老板看到了，很快就開車送她回家，因?yàn)樗牢覀冏≡谀睦铩s因?yàn)?；although雖然；if如果；unless除非。根據(jù)空前后句意對(duì)比可知，空處的詞表示原因。故選A。23．句意：如果所有東西都上網(wǎng)了，我還會(huì)有人情嗎？spirit精神；sense感覺；touch接觸；nature自然。根據(jù)后半句“ifeverythingbecameonline?”可推知，應(yīng)是父親認(rèn)為還會(huì)有人和人的接觸，還有人情嗎。故選C。24．句意：它創(chuàng)造了關(guān)系，亞馬遜也提供這些嗎？businesses生意；relationships關(guān)系；chances機(jī)會(huì)；wonders奇跡。根據(jù)前句“IliketoknowthepersonthatI’mdealingwithandnotjustthe‘seller’.”可知，應(yīng)是創(chuàng)造了人和人接觸的這種關(guān)系。故選B。25．句意：科技不是生活。society社會(huì)；power力量；money金錢；life生活。根據(jù)后句“Spendtimewithpeople.Notwithdevices.”可知，應(yīng)是說科技不是生活。故選D。三、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWelcomeToNanjingPresidentialPalaceOpeningHours:8:30-18:00TicketPrice:Adult:age18+￥40Childforage6-18andtheelderlyover60enjoyhalfprice.Freeforchildrenunder140cm,orbelow6yearsold.Freefortheelderlyover70.Onlinebooking:1.Theticketisonlyvalid(有效的)fortheday.2.YourpassportorIDinformationisrequired,andonepersoncanbookonlyoneticketperday.3.Oneadultcouldbookatmosttwochildtickets.ImportantNotice:

DuringtheCOVID-19EpidemicControlPeriod:1.Thereal-timelocal“HealthCode”willbecheckedbeforeentering.2.Bodytemperatureover37.3℃orcoughingandshortofbreath,visitorsarenotallowedtoenter.3.Wearmasksduringthevisitandkeepdistancewithothers.Formoreinformation,youcanvisit:Howmuchwillayoungcouplewitha4-year-oldchildpayatleasttovisittheHumbleAdministratorGarden?A．￥40. B．￥60. C．￥80. D．￥100.27．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Oneadultcouldonlybookonechildticket.B．PassportorIDinformationisneededwhenbookingticketsonline.C．AmanwithahighfevercanentertheHumbleAdministratorGardenwithamask.D．Visitorscanbookticketsonthewebsitehttp:.28．Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Astorybook. B．Atravelguide. C．Asciencefiction. D．Anewsreport.【答案】26．C27．B28．B【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，向我們介紹南京總統(tǒng)府的相關(guān)信息。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Adult:age18+￥40”和“Freeforchildrenunder140cm,orbelow6yearsold.”可知，一對(duì)夫婦帶著4歲的孩子去南京總統(tǒng)府，需要付80元。故選C。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“YourpassportorIDinformationisrequired,andonepersoncanbookonlyoneticketperday.”可知，您需要提供護(hù)照或身份證信息，并且每人每天只能預(yù)訂一張票。故選B。28．推理判斷題。本文向我們介紹南京總統(tǒng)府的相關(guān)信息，所以推測(cè)本文來(lái)自旅游指南，故選B。BGuAilingisatalentedfreeskier.GuwasbornintheUS,whereshestartedonthesnowattheageof3.ShegotChinesecitizenshipwhenshewas15.SheisalsoamodelandStanfordstudent.Shehopestousesportsas“abridge”betweenChinaandtheUS.Sheenjoysmeataswellasvegetables.WuDajing,27,isaleaderaswellasasuperstarofChina’sshort-trackspeedskatingteam.Wubecameinterestedinwintersportswhenhewas10.Hegotupat4a.m.everydaytopractice.Hesayshenevereatsmeatorhasdrinks.Afterwinninggoldin2014and2018,JapaneseYuzuruHanyuhasbeenseenbymanyasthebestfigureskaterinhistory.Hanyunotonlyhasgreatskills,butalsohasafantasticstyle.Hestartedthegameasearlyasfiveandwascalledthe“IcePrince”.CocaColaisoneofhisfavoritedrinks.Withwavesofcheersfromtheaudience,SuYimingbaggedgoldinthemen’ssnowboardbigairfinalonFebruary15th.Isthe6thgoldforChinaatthe2022BeijingWinterOlympics.Sufirstpracticedsnowboardattheageof4.Beef,pork,andfisharehisfavorite.Whowastheyoungesttostartwintersports?A．GuAiling. B．WuDajing. C．YuzuruHanyu. D．SuYiming.30．WhatsportistheJapanesesportsmangoodat?A．Freeskiing. B．Snowboard. C．Figureskating. D．Short-trackspeedskating.31．HowisWuDajingdifferentfromtheothers?A．Hepracticedveryhard. B．Heisasuperstarinwintersports.C．Heusedtobeamodel. D．Henevereatsmeatorhasdrinks.【答案】29．A30．C31．D【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了幾位運(yùn)動(dòng)員的個(gè)人信息。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中“GuwasbornintheUS,whereshestartedonthesnowattheageof3.”“Wubecameinterestedinwintersportswhenhewas10.”“Hestartedthegameasearlyasfiveandwascalledthe‘IcePrince’.”以及“Sufirstpracticedsnowboardattheageof4.”可推理出，谷愛凌是最小開始冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)的人。故選A。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中“Afterwinninggoldin2014and2018,JapaneseYuzuruHanyuhasbeenseenbymanyasthebestfigureskaterinhistory.”可推理出，日本運(yùn)動(dòng)員擅長(zhǎng)花樣滑冰。故選C。31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Hesayshenevereatsmeatorhasdrinks.”可知，吳大靖和其他人的不同之處是他從不吃肉或喝酒。故選D。CIn2018,ScienceMagazineaskedsomeyoungscientistswhatschoolsshouldteachstudents.Mostsaidstudentsshouldspendlesstimerememberingfactsandhavemorespaceforcreativeactivities.AstheInternetgrowsmorepowerful,studentscangetknowledgeeasily.Whyshouldtheyberequiredtocarrysomuchofitaroundintheirheads?Civilizations(文明)developthroughforgettinglifeskillsthatwereoncenecessary.IntheAgriculturalAge,afarmercouldaffordtoforgethuntingskills.Whensocietiesindustrialized,theknowledgeoffarmingcouldbesafetoforget.Nowadays,smartmachineshelpustogetmosthumanknowledge.Itseemsthatwenolongerneedtoremembermostthings.Doesitmatter?Researchershaverealizedseveralproblemsthatmayhappen.Forone,humanbeingshavebiases(偏見),andsmartmachinesarelikelytoincreaseourbiases.Manypeoplebelievesmartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective(客觀的),butmachinesaretrainedthrougharepeatedtestingandscoringprocess(過程).Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthecorrectanswers.Anotherproblemrelatestotheease(容易)ofgettinginformation.Whentherewerenocomputers,effortswererequiredtogetknowledgefromotherpeople,orgotothelibrary.Weknowwhatknowledgeliesinotherbrainsorbooks,andwhatliesinourheads.Buttoday,theInternetgivesustheinformationweneedquickly.Thiscanleadtothemistakenbelief—theknowledgewefoundwaspartofwhatweknewallalong.Inanewcivilizationrichinmachineintelligence(智慧),wecaneasilygettosmartmemorynetworkswhereinformationisstored.Butdependencyonanetworksuggestspossibilitiesofbeingharmedeasily.Thecollapseofanyofthenetworksofrelationsourhealthdependsupon,suchasfoodandenergy,wouldproduceterribleresults.Withoutfoodwegethungry;withoutenergywefeelcold.Anditisthroughwidespreadlossofmemorythatcivilizationsareatriskoffallingintoadarkage.Weforgetoldwaystofreeuptimeandspacefornewskills.Aslongastheolderformsofknowledgearestoredsomewhereinournetworks,andcanbefoundwhenweneedthem,perhapsthey’renotreallyforgotten.Still,astimegoeson,weslowlybutunquestionablybecomestrangerstofuturepeople.32．Smartmachinesarelikelytoincreaseourbiasesbecause________.A．theygooffcourseintestingandscoring B．wecontrolthetrainingprocessonthemC．weofferthemtoomuchinformation D．theyoverusetheprovidedanswers33．TheeaseofgettinginformationfromtheInternet________.A．freesusfrommakingeffortstolearnnewskillsB．preventscivilizationsfrombeinglostatahighspeedC．misleadsusintothinkingwealreadyknewtheknowledgeD．separatesthefactswehavefromthoseinthesmartmachines34．Theunderlinedword“collapse”inParagraph5probablymeans“________”.A．a(chǎn)suddenfailure B．thebasicrule C．a(chǎn)nunhappystart D．theslowdevelopment35．Thewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassageisto________.A．questionaboutthestandardsofinformationstorageB．discussourproblemsofcommunicationwithmachinesC．stresstheimportanceofimprovingourrememberingabilityD．remindusoftheriskofdependingonmachinestoremember【答案】32．B33．C34．A35．D【解析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了隨著科技的發(fā)展，人們?cè)絹?lái)越依賴科技，但這也帶來(lái)了許多不利之處。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Manypeoplebelievesmartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective(客觀的),butmachinesaretrainedthrougharepeatedtestingandscoringprocess(過程).Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthecorrectanswers.”可知，機(jī)器在訓(xùn)練的過程中，人類仍然決定正確的答案，因此會(huì)增加我們的偏見。故選B。。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Buttoday,theInternetgivesustheinformationweneedquickly.Thiscanleadtothemistakenbelief—theknowledgewefoundwaspartofwhatweknewallalong.”可知，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)會(huì)誤導(dǎo)我們認(rèn)為我們已經(jīng)知道了這些知識(shí)。故選C。34．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Thecollapseofanyofthenetworksofrelationsourhealthdependsupon,suchasfoodandenergy,wouldproduceterribleresults.”可知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)崩潰會(huì)產(chǎn)生可怕的后果，因此“collapse”意為“asuddenfailure”。故選A。35．推理判斷題。通讀全文和“nanewcivilizationrichinmachineintelligence(智慧),wecaneasilygettosmartmemorynetworkswhereinformationisstored.Butdependencyonanetworksuggestspossibilitiesofbeingharmedeasily.”可知，在一個(gè)新文明中，我們可以很容易地接觸到存儲(chǔ)信息的智能記憶網(wǎng)絡(luò)。但對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的依賴意味著很容易受到傷害?？梢娮髡邔戇@篇文章的主要目的是提醒我們依賴機(jī)器記憶的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選D。DEarthquakeshappenveryofteninTokyo,butTokyoisnotanunluckycity.ManyspecialparkshavebeenbuiltinTokyotokeeppeoplesafeduringearthquakes.Theseparkslooknothingdifferentfromtheotherparks,butwhenearthquakeshappen,theybecomelife-savingplaces.Manyusefulthingsinthosespecialparkscanmeetpeople’sbasicneeds.Forexample,

itisusuallyhardforpeopletogetwaterafterearthquakes.Inthespecialparks,peoplecangetdrinkingwaterfromthewaterpump(泵).Ifpeopleneedtousetoilets(廁所),theycanchoosespecialtoiletsthatcanbeusedwithoutwater.Also,thehelicopter(直升機(jī))canlandonsquaresorbaseballfieldsandbringfoodorotherthingstopeople.What’smore,ifpeopleneedtocookintheparks,somespecialbenchescanbecomecookingthings.However,thoseusefulthingsarenotenoughforpeopletofaceearthquakes.Themostimportantpartliesintrainingpeople.Theparks,togetherwithfirestationsandthepolice,willtrainwithlocalpeopleattheusualtime.Thiswillletpeoplethinkandmovefasterduringrealearthquakesandletthemprotectthemselvesbetter.So,whatcanwedotoprotectourselvesfromgettinghurtinearthquakes?First,weneedtocheckourfurnitureandmakesuretheywon’tfalldowneasily.Second,whenanearthquakehappens,weneedtostayundertablesordesksandprotectourhead.Third,wecankeepourdooropenandwearcomfortableshoesduringsmallearthquakesinordertogetoutsafely.36．WhatcanwelearnaboutthespecialparksfromParagraph1?A．Thespecialparkscanstopearthquakes.B．Therearen’tenoughspecialparksinTokyo.C．Thespecialparkslookdifferentfromthecommonones.D．Peoplecanbesaferinthespecialparksduringearthquakes.37．Duringearthquakes,peoplecanfind________inthesespecialparks.①drinkingwater

②traditionaltoilets

③personalplanes

④cookingthingsA．①③ B．③④ C．①④ D．②④38．Whyareusefulthings“notenough”forpeople?A．Becausetheycan’tworkwell.B．Becauseself-helpismoreimportant.C．Becausethegovernmentdoesn’thaveenoughmoney.D．Becauseit’shardforpeopletofindthemduringearthquakes.39．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Howtostaysafeduringearthquakes. B．Whypeopleshouldchecktheirfurniture.C．Howtopreparefordangerbeforeitcomes. D．Whatwouldhappeninanearthquake.40．Wheredoesthisreadingprobablycomefrom?A．Sportsreport. B．Naturemagazine. C．Scienceresearch. D．Travelguidebook.【答案】36．D37．C38．B39．A40．B【解析】本文主要講述了東京的一些很特殊的公園可以在地震時(shí)讓人們避難，并滿足人們的基本需求，此外還介紹了一些在地震中保護(hù)自己的方法。36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theseparkslooknothingdifferentfromtheotherparks,butwhenearthquakeshappen,theybecomelife-savingplaces.”可知，當(dāng)?shù)卣鸢l(fā)生時(shí)，人們?cè)谶@些特殊公園會(huì)更安全。故選D。37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inthespecialparks,peoplecangetdrinkingwaterfromthewaterpump…What’smore,ifpeopleneedtocookintheparks,somespecialbenchescanbecomecookingthings.”可知，人們?cè)谔厥夤珗@里，可以獲得飲用水和做飯。故選C。38．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“However,thoseusefulthingsarenotenoughforpeopletofaceearthquakes.Themostimportantpartliesintrainingpeople.”可知，人們學(xué)會(huì)自我?guī)椭匾恍?。故選B。39．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“whatcanwedotoprotectourselvesfromgettinghurtinearthquakes?”和本段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要是介紹了在地震中如何保持安全。故選A。40．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“EarthquakeshappenveryofteninTokyo,butTokyoisnotanunluckycity.”和全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了東京地震的一些特殊的公園以及如何在地震中保護(hù)自己的方法，地震跟自然災(zāi)害有關(guān)，由此推斷，本文可能來(lái)自自然雜志。故選B。非選擇題（共50分）四、填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）A）根據(jù)括號(hào)中所給的漢語(yǔ)寫出單詞，使句子意思完整正確，并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號(hào)為41—45的相應(yīng)位置上。41．Ourgeographyteachertolduseverything_________（稱重）moreontheearththanonthemoon.【答案】weighs【詳解】句意：我們的地理老師告訴我們地球上的一切都比月球上重?！胺Q重”weigh，從句表示“地球上的一切都比月球上重”，這是客觀事實(shí)，客觀事實(shí)從句中仍用現(xiàn)，此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)everything后用動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式weighs。故填weighs。42．—Iseveryonehere,Jonathan?—No.Sir.Millieis________.（缺席）【答案】absent【詳解】句意：——所有人都在這里嗎，約翰遜？——不，先生。米萊缺席了。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是is，句中缺少表語(yǔ)，根據(jù)中文意思，可知這里缺少的是形容詞，形容詞absent“缺席的”。故填absent。43．Hespentasmuchtimeashecould________theproblemsinhislife.（解決）【答案】solving【詳解】句意：他花了盡可能多的時(shí)間，解決他生活中的問題?？疾閯?dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。spenttimedoingsth“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”，用動(dòng)名詞作spent的賓語(yǔ)。solve“解決”。故填solving。44．Itseemsthatthebigmealis________cookedforme.(專門地)【答案】specially【詳解】句意：看來(lái)這頓大餐是專門為我做的?！皩ｉT地”specially，副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。故填specially。45．Whatgreat________thefiremenhavetofacedangerattheboundarybetweenlifeanddeath!(勇氣)【答案】courage【詳解】句意：消防隊(duì)員在生死關(guān)頭面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)時(shí)有多么大的勇氣啊！由語(yǔ)境和漢語(yǔ)提示可知，“勇氣”譯成：courage，不可數(shù)名詞。故填courage。B）根據(jù)句子意思，用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號(hào)為46—50的相應(yīng)位置上。46．YangZhenning,inhis________(ninety),wasonthelistofthe2021TouchingChinaannualpeople（感動(dòng)中國(guó)年度人物）.【答案】nineties【詳解】句意：楊振寧，在他九十多歲時(shí)，被提名為2021年度感動(dòng)中國(guó)年度人物。表示某人幾十多歲這樣的約略年齡，用“inone’s+逢十的基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)(如tens,twenties,thirties等)”來(lái)表達(dá)。ninety的復(fù)數(shù)形式為nineties。故填nineties。47．Manyschoolsarestillclosedinsomeareas________(stop)thespreadofthevirus.【答案】tostop【詳解】句意：在一些地區(qū)，很多學(xué)校仍然關(guān)閉，為了防止病毒傳播。stop動(dòng)詞，意為“防止”。根據(jù)“Manyschoolsarestillclosedinsomeareas...thespreadofthevirus.”可知，此處為動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，故填tostop。48．Look!Thereisawallet________ontheground.(lie)【答案】lying【詳解】句意：看！地上有一個(gè)錢包。lie“躺，位于”，動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)“Thereisawallet...ontheground.”可知，句子是Therebesthdoingsth“有某物正在做某事”的句型，空處應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞形式lying。故填lying。49．Therewasa(n)_________(please)smellinthefridgebecausemymomkeptthefoodinitforalongtime.【答案】unpleasant【詳解】句意：冰箱里有一股難聞的氣味，因?yàn)槲覌寢尠咽澄锓帕撕荛L(zhǎng)時(shí)間。根據(jù)“becausemymomkeptthefoodinitforalongtime”可知食物放久了就會(huì)難聞，此處用please的形容詞形式unpleasant表示“令人不快的；不舒服的”，形容詞作定語(yǔ)。故填unpleasant。50．ItisagreatpityofYuanLongping’s_________(die)totheworld.【答案】death【詳解】句意：袁隆平的死對(duì)世界來(lái)說是一件非常遺憾的事。根據(jù)“YuanLongping’s”可知，此處’s為所有格，后跟名詞，die為動(dòng)詞，名詞為death。故填death。C）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下面方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語(yǔ)填空，使對(duì)話內(nèi)容完整正確，并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號(hào)為51—55的相應(yīng)位置上。breath,moreenergetic,development,weight,fightagainstWhetheryousimplygoforalongwalkinthepark,rideyourbicyclethroughthecountrysideorgotothegym,gettingyourbodymovingwillnotonlymakeyoufeel____51____,butwillalsoimproveyourhealth.Involvingyourselfinanactivitythatmakesyou____52____alittlemoreheavilywillimprovethe____53____ofyourheartandlungsandhelpthemworkbetter.Inaddition,regularexercisewillstrengthenyourmusclesandbonesandwillalsohelpyoukeepahealthybody____54____.Anotheradvantageofexerciseisthatitwillimproveyourbody’simmunesystem(免疫系統(tǒng)),makingyoubetterpreparedto____55____diseases.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?【答案】51．moreenergetic52．breathe53．development54．weight55．fightagainst【解析】本文介紹了鍛煉的好處。51．句意：無(wú)論你只是在公園里長(zhǎng)時(shí)間散步，騎自行車穿過鄉(xiāng)村還是去健身房，讓你的身體運(yùn)動(dòng)不僅會(huì)讓你感覺更有活力，也會(huì)改善你的健康。feel為連系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。moreenergetic表示“更有活力”。故填moreenergetic。52．句意：讓自己參與到一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)中來(lái)，讓你的呼吸更沉重一些，這將促進(jìn)你的心肺的發(fā)育，并幫助它們更好地工作。makesb.dosth.表示“使某人做某事”，breathe表示“呼吸”，動(dòng)詞。故填breathe。53．句意：讓自己參與到一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)中來(lái)，讓你的呼吸更沉重一些，這將促進(jìn)你的心肺的發(fā)育，并幫助它們更好地工作。根據(jù)“...ofyourheartandlungsandhelpthemworkbetter.”可知運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)改善心肺功能。the后接名詞，development表示“發(fā)育”。故填development。54．句意：另外，有規(guī)律的鍛煉會(huì)增強(qiáng)你的肌肉和骨骼，也幫助你保持健康的體重。bodyweight表示“體重”。故填weight。55．句意：鍛煉的另一個(gè)好處是會(huì)改善你身體的免疫系統(tǒng)，讓你更好的對(duì)抗疾病。根據(jù)空后“diseases”可知此處指對(duì)抗病毒。fightagainst表示“對(duì)抗”。故填fightagainst。五、閱讀填空（共20小題，每小題1分，滿分20分）A）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容，在文章后第56—65小題的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號(hào)為56—65的相應(yīng)位置上。注意：每個(gè)空格只填1個(gè)單詞。Anovelcoronavirus(新型冠狀病毒)spreadinCentralChina’sWuhancitythreemonthsago,morecaseshavebeenreportedinrecentdays.Topreventcatchingtheinfection,herearewhatyoucando:①Wearmasksoutdoors●Itisoneofthemosteffective(有效的)waystoprotectyoufromgettinginfected.●Makesuretowearitproperlybytighteningup(收緊)thenoseclipandpullingthebottomofitoveryourchin(下巴).●Ifyou’renotfeelingwellorhavesymptoms(癥狀)offever,amaskisalsoneededtopreventyoufromspreadinggerms(病菌)toothers.②Coveryourcoughsandsneezewithtissue(紙巾)Coveryourmouthandnosewithatissuewhenyoucoughorsneeze,oryoucancoughorsneezeintoyoursleeve(袖子),butdon’tcoverwithyourhandsdirectly.③Washyourhandsoftenandproperly.Washyourhandswithsoapandrunningwaterthoroughly(徹底地)foratleast15seconds.●Beforeeatingandafterusingthetoilet●Afterreturninghome●Aftertouchinglitter●Aftercontactingwithanimalsorhandling(處理)animalwastes④Strengthenyourimmunesystem(免疫系統(tǒng))andexerciseregularly(有規(guī)律地)●Exerciseisoneofthemostimportantwaystohelpyoustayawayfromcatchinganyinfections(感染).●Makesurethatsharedspaceshavebeenairedanddon’tgotocrowdedplacessuchashospitals,railwaystationsandairports.●Avoidclosecontactwithpeoplewhohavefluorcold-likesymptoms.●Eatthoroughlycookedmeatandeggs.Avoidcontactingwithwildanimalsorfarmedlivestock(家畜)withoutanyprotection.___56___tokeepyourselfsafefromanovelcoronavirus?IntroductionAnovelcoronavirusspreadinCentralChina’sWuhancityamonthago,morecaseshavebeenreportedinrecentdays.