04-選擇性必修第二冊(cè)Unit-1綜合檢測(cè)(人教版2019)

2023年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測(cè)(人教版2019)選擇性必修第二冊(cè)Unit1綜合能力檢測(cè)第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)（略）第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASomeofthegreatestscientistsofalltimearewomenwhohavemadeimportantdiscoveriesinavarietyoffieldsinscience.Severaloftheircontributionsthroughouthistoryareevenmorethanmen’scontributions.Ourlistofthemostfamousfemalescientistsbelowisorganizedinorderofpopularitysoyoucanreadabouttheadvancementsthattheymade.MarieCurie(1867-1934)FamousFor:WorkonradioactivityMarieCuriewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrizeandtheonlywomantowinthisawardintwofields:PhysicsandChemistry.ShediscoveredpoloniumandradiumandherworkhelpedwiththecreationofX-rays.JaneGoodall(1934)FamousFor:Primate(靈長(zhǎng)類)studiesJaneGoodallisknownworld-wideforhergroundbreakingstudiesonprimates.Sheisconsideredasthetopexpertonchimpsintheworldandisperhapsbestknownforher45-yearstudyonthesociallivesoftheseanimalsinTanzania.RitaLevi-Montalcini(1909-2012)FamousFor:NervegrowthstudiesRitaLevi-Montalciniwasaneurologist(神經(jīng)病學(xué)家)whowontheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinein1986forherfindingsinNerveGrowthFactor(NGF).ShewasthefirstNobelPrizewinnertolivepasther100thbirthday.LiseMeitner(1878-1968)FamousFor:WorkonradioactivityandnuclearphysicsLiseMeitnerwasakeymemberofagroupthatdiscoverednuclearfission(裂變).Oneofhercolleagues,OttoHahn,wasgiventheNobelPrizeforthiswork.ThatMeitnerdidn’tgettheawardisconsideredtobeahugeerrorbytheNobelcommittee.21.Whoisstillcontributingtotheworld?A.MarieCurie. B.JaneGoodall.C.RitaLevi-Montalcini. D.LiseMeitner.22.WhatdidRitaLevi-Montalcinireseachon?A.Nervegrowth. B.Thewildlife.C.Nuclearexplosion. D.Radioactivity.23.WhatdoweknowaboutLiseMeitner?A.ShewasawardedtheNobelPrize.B.Shemadeabigmistakeinherwork.C.Shedidlotsofstudiesaboutnervegrowth.D.Shemadegreatcontributionstonuclearphysics.BInthe1880s,longbeforeshebecameherera’sgreatestfemaleexplorer,eight-year-oldHarrietChalmerstraveledthroughtheSierraNevadaonhorsebackwithherfather.Whenshewas24,ChalmersmarriedFranklinPierceAdams,andtheysetoffforLatinAmerica,wheretheycovered40,000milesonahorse,byboatandonfoot.Whentheyreturnednearlythreeyearslater,shegavealectureatNationalGeographicandstarteda30-yearcareerasacontributor.AdamsmadeithermissiontovisiteverycountrythatwasorhadbeenaSpanishcolony,andrevisitedtheplaceswhereChristopherColumbushadstayedfromEuropetotheAmericas.ShetraveledaroundAsiaandattendedHaileSelassie’sCoronation(加冕禮)astheemperorofEthiopia.DuringWorldWarⅠ,shewasthefirstfemalejournalistallowedtophotographtheFrenchtrenches(戰(zhàn)壕),whereshestayedformonths.Shewrote21articlesdetailingherexperiencesforNationalGeographic,morethananyotherwomanpublishedinthemagazine’sfirsthalfcentury.Inthosepieces,shecriticizedtheinjusticesthatshehadobserved.“WhereweretheblessingstheEuropeansclaimedtheybroughttomillionsofLatinAmericans?Icouldhardlyfindthem,”shewroteafteravisittoPeru.“WhathavetheynotsufferedunderthecontroloftheEuropeans?”Adamshadnoprofessionaltrainingasageographerandhadneverbeentocollege,buthercolorphotoslidesandadventuroustravelstylewonherinvitationstospeakaroundtheworld,oftenfromtheorganizationsthathadneverinvitedawomanbefore.ShewasthethirdAmericanwomanaskedtojointheRoyalGeographicalSocietyinEngland.However,theNewYork-basedExplorersClubgaveherandotheroutstandingfemaleadventurersthecoldshoulder.“Menhavealwaysbeensoafraidthatsomemerewomanmightgetintotheirdiscussionthattheydon’tevenpermitwomenintheirclubhouses,”Adamsoncesaid,“Letaloneallowthemtoattendanymeetingsfordiscussionsthatmightbesignificantlyhelpful.”Severalfemaleexplorersdecidedtoformtheirownclub.In1925,theSocietyofWomanGeographersstartedwithAdamsaspresident,andsheserveduntilmovingtoFrancein1933,whereshediedfouryearslaterat61.24.WhatdidAdamsdoduringthefirstthreeyearsofhermarriage?A.ShetraveledthroughtheSierraNevada.B.SheexploredLatinAmericawithherhusband.C.ShecontributedregularlytoNationalGeographic.D.Shelearnedhorseridingunderherhusband’sguidance.25.WhatwasAdamsinvolvedinduringworldwarⅠ?A.Takingphotographsonthefrontline.B.TravelingaroundEuropeancountries.C.FightingtogetherwithFrenchsoldiers.D.DoingresearchonChristopherColumbus.26.WhatwasexpressedinAdams’wordsinPara.3?A.Relief. B.Curiosity.C.Tolerance. D.Disapproval.27.HowdidExplorersClubtreatAdams?A.Itpaidnoattentiontoher.B.Itrejectedherhelpcoldly.C.Itinvitedhertojoinintheirdiscussion.D.ItaskedhertojointheRoyalGeographicalSociety.CThreescientistswhoplayedcentralrolesinthediscoveryofthehepatitisCvirus(丙型肝炎病毒)havebeenawardedtheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine2020.ThisprizewillbesharedbyMichaelHoughton,fromtheUnitedKingdom,andUnitedStatesscientistsHarveyJ.AlterandCharlesM.Rice,whoallmadenotablecontributionstowardthediscoveryoftheblood-bornvirusthatcauseschronic(慢性的)liverproblems.Alterdemonstratedinthe1970sthatsomepeoplewhoreceivedbloodtransfusions(輸血)woulddevelopcasesofhepatitisthatwerenotcausedbythehepatitisAorBviruses,suggestingthatanotherinfectiousagentwastoblame.Inthe1980s,Houghtonmanagedtoisolate(分離)thegeneticsequenceofthevirus,whileRiceprovedthatthepathogen(病原體)couldreplicateandcauseinfection.TheWorldHealthOrganizationestimatesthataround71millionpeopleworldwidelivewithhepatitisC,whichcancausemajorlivercomplications(并發(fā)癥)and,insomecases,death.TheNobelAssemblysaidthethreeresearchershadcontributedtoa“l(fā)andmarkachievementintheongoingbattleagainstviraldiseases”.“ThediscoveryofhepatitisCvirusrevealedthecauseoftheremainingcasesofchronichepatitisandmadebloodtestsandnewmedicinesthathavesavedmillionsoflivespossible,”theassemblysaidinastatement.“Thankstotheirdiscovery,highlysensitivebloodtestsforthevirusarenowavailableandthesehaveessentiallyeliminatedpost-transfusionhepatitisinmanypartsoftheworld,greatlyimprovingglobalhealth.”TheassemblysaidthatthediscoveriesperformedbythenewlymintedNobelLaureatesalsoallowedfortherapiddevelopmentofantiviraldrugsdirectedathepatitisC.“Forthefirsttimeinhistory,thediseasecannowbecured,raisinghopesoferadicatinghepatitisCvirusfromtheworldpopulation”,thestatementsaid.TheawardforphysiologyandmedicineisthefirstoftheNobelPrizestobehandedoutthisyear,withprizesinphysics,chemistry,literature,peaceandeconomicstofollowduringthenextsevendays.28.Whatwastheimportantdiscoveryofthreescientists?A.ThehepatitisAvirusB.ThehepatitisBvirusC.ThehepatitisCvirus.D.Theriskofbloodtransfusions.29.Whosucceededinextractingthesequenceofthevirus?A.MichaelHoughtonB.HarveyJ.AlterC.CharlesM.RiceD.TheWorldHealthOrganization30.What’sthemainideaofParagraph3?A.Thesignificanceofthediscovery.B.Thecourseofthediscovery.C.Thedisadvantageofthediscovery.D.Theharmofthehepatitis.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eradicating”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Discovering. B.Knowing.C.Analysing. D.Gettingridof.DAnewproductfromMicrosoftCorporationcandothatforpeoplewhohavetroubleseeing.Theymaybeblindorvisuallyimpaired.Theproduct,anapp,iscurrentlyavailableforfreeforApple’siPhoneandiPad.TheappiscalledSeeingAI.“AI”isshortforartificialintelligence,atermforcomputerswithanabilitytothinkandlearnlikehumanbeings.SeeingAIusesbothacameraandartificialintelligencetoidentifyplaces,objectsandpeople.Theappthenannounceswhatthecameraseessouserswillknowwhatisinfrontofthem.PeoplecanalsouseSeeingAItolearnwordsinEnglish.Withtheappopen,youcanpointyouriPhoneoriPadatanyobjectanditwillsaywhattheobjectis.WithSeeingAI,userscanhearadescriptionofnotjustobjects,butalsopeople.Itcaneventellyouabouttheiremotions.Itwillnotjustsaythatsomeoneissmiling.Theappwillsaythatthepersonishappy.Orsurprised.Orangry.Peoplecanusetheappwhengoingtoastoreorsupermarket.Itcanreadproductbarcodessouserswillknowwhetheracanisfilledwithfruitordogfood.MicrosoftsaysSeeingAIwillsoonbeabletoidentifybanknotessopeopleknowwhethertheyareholdingabillthatisworth$100or$1.Atrestaurants,dinerscanusethenewapptohearalistofdrinksandothermenuthings.Itcanrecognizebothfoodchoicesandprices.Peoplecanusetheapptoreadsignsandgetdirections,althoughMicrosoftwarnsagainstusingitfornavigation(導(dǎo)航)purposes.OneofthemoreinterestingtoolsofSeeingAIisitsabilitytoreaddocuments.Theappcanreaddocumentsaloudandevenhelpauserpositionthemonthecenteroftheelectronicdevice.TheappiscurrentlyavailableinjusttheUS,Canada,India,HongKong,NewZealandandSingapore—however,Microsoftsaysthattheappwillbeavailableinothercountriesanddistrictssoon.32.WhoisSeeingAIintendedfor?A.Peopleworkingattherestaurant.B.Peoplehavingvisualdisabilities.C.Peoplebuyinggoodsinthesupermarket.D.Peoplehavingdifficultyinlearninglanguages.33.MicrosoftwarnsusersnottouseSeeingAIfor.

A.navigatingB.readingdocumentsC.describingapersonD.readingproductbarcodes34.WhatcanweinferaboutSeeingAI?A.ItwasdevelopedbyApple.B.Itcanbeusedoncomputers.C.Itishelpfultopeoplewhoisblind.D.Everyonecanuseitwithasmartphone.35.WhichoffollowingistrueaboutSeeingAI?A.Itwillhavemorenewfunctions.B.Ithasalreadyreplacedpeople’seyes.C.ItwillsoonbeavailableonAndroid.D.IthelpspeoplelearnEnglishandChinesewords.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Wordshavethepowertobuildusuportearusdown.Itdoesn’tmatterifthewordscomefromourselvesorsomeoneelse.Thepositiveandnegativeeffectsarejustaslasting.36We’reusuallytooembarrassedtoadmitit,though.Infact,wereallyshouldn’tbebecausemoreandmoreexpertsbelievetalkingtoourselvesoutloudisahealthyhabit.This“self-talk”helpsusmotivateourselves,rememberthings,solveproblems,andcalmourselvesdown.Beaware,though,thatasmuchas77%ofself-talktendstobenegative.37

Often,wordscomeoutofourmouthswithoutthinkingabouttheeffecttheywillhave.Butweshouldbeawarethatourwordscausecertainresponsesinothers.Forexample,whenreturninganitemtoastore,wemightusewarm,friendlylanguageduringtheexchange.Andtheclerkwillprobablyrespondinasimilarmanner.38

Wordspossesspowerbecauseoftheirlastingeffect.Manyofusregretsomethingweoncesaid.Werememberunkindwordssaidtousaswell.Beforespeaking,weshouldalwaysaskourselves:39Ifwhatwewanttosaydoesn’tpassthistest,thenit’sbetterleftunsaid.

Wordspossesspower:bothpositiveandnegative.Thosearoundusreceiveencouragementwhenwespeakpositively.Wecanofferhope,buildself-esteemandmotivateotherstodotheirbest.40Willweuseourwordstohurtortoheal?Thechoiceisours.

A.Isitloving?B.HowshouldIsayit?C.Wealltalktoourselvessometimes.D.Negativewordsdestroyallthosethings.E.Generallypeoplelikepositiveandpleasantwords.F.However,criticallanguagemaycauseangeranddefence.G.Soweshouldonlyspeakencouragingwordstoourselves.第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Angelaneverlikedseeingplasticwastewashedupontheshorenearherhome.Shehadbeen41tocallonhercommunitytocleanitup,tochangethe42,soshetriedtosetupanorganizationcalledWashedAshore:ArttoSavetheSea.Her43provedquiteasuccess.

Here’showit44.Volunteershelpcleanup300milesofshoreline.Then,45onlyplasticfromthebeachcleanup,Angelaandmanyothervolunteerscreatesculpturesofsea46.Sheexplains,“Imeantocreatesculpturesthatmakepeopletakealookand47:‘Howcantherebethismuchwasteonthebeach?‘48thesesculptureswillmakepeopleconsiderwhattheyhave49intheirdailylifeandrealizehowsomuchplasticendsupintheoceans.”Sofar,about10,00050volunteershavecollected21tonsofwasteandhelpedcreatemorethan70worksofart.Fourtraveling51havedemonstratedtheartworksin18placesofthecountry.Oneofthesculptures,TurtleOcean,receiveda52honor.ItwasadmittedintotheNationalMuseum.

TheWashedAshoreteamisnowworkingonsculptureofadolphin,with53formoresculptures.“Untilwe54plasticonthebeach,theworkwillcontinue.Thesesculpturesarea(n)55forcleanoceans.”Angelasaysseriously.

41.A.offeringB.longingC.admitting D.hesitating42.A.landscape B.worldC.surface D.situation43.A.attempt B.choiceC.program D.instruction44.A.walks B.appliesC.functions D.prepares45.A.stopping B.presentingC.delivering D.employing46.A.waste B.floorC.waves D.creatures47.A.rethink B.remarkC.confirm D.announce48.A.Generally B.HopefullyC.Fortunately D.Surprisingly49.A.achieved B.observedC.purchased D.recommended50.A.devoted B.surprisedC.grateful D.adventurous51.A.guides B.managersC.advertisements D.exhibitions52.A.folk B.simpleC.special D.strange53.A.plans B.callsC.elements D.exchanges54.A.getdownto B.keepawayfromC.getridof D.endupwith55.A.answer B.appealC.warning D.response第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ZhongNanshan,56.oldman,isalsoanacademicianoftheChineseAcademyofengineering,afamousrespiratoryexpert,andaleadingfigureinthe57.(prevent)andcontrolofrespiratoryinfectiousdiseasesinChina.

Inthespringof2003,theSARSepidemicbroke58.inChinaandacrosstheglobe.ZhongNanshannotonlyled59.tookanactivepartinthebattleagainstSARS.Dangerousasitwas,ZhongNanshanworkedharddayandnight60.(treat)thepatients.Throughtheirhardworkforseveralmonths,ZhongNanshanandhisworkmatesachieveda61.(remark)result.SoontheSARSepidemicwasstoppedinitstrack.

17yearslater,whenthenovelcoronaviruspneumoniaappeared,hestillfoughtagainstthevirusinthefirstlineofthebattletofindthebestmedicine62.(overcome)thevirus.Withhim,thereisabeliefinvictory.Heistheseagodneedleinourheart!

ZhongNanshan63.(award)fortheMedaloftheRepublic,aworkingcommitteeforhonor-grantingsaidonMonday,whichhonoredanumberofexemplaryfiguresin2019fortheiroutstanding64.(contribution)tothePeople’sRepublic’sdevelopmentsince65.(it)foundingin1949.

第四部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假定你是李華。元旦前夕,你班將舉辦一場(chǎng)迎新晚會(huì),請(qǐng)你給外教MrWhite寫(xiě)一封信,邀請(qǐng)他參加。內(nèi)容包括:1.時(shí)間;2.地點(diǎn);3.活動(dòng)。注意:1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2.請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段話,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。In1989an8.2earthquakealmostdestroyedAmerica,killingover30,000peopleinlessthanfourminutes.Inthemidstofutterdevastation(破壞)andchaos,afatherlefthiswifesafelyathomeandrushedtotheschoolwherehissonwassupposedtobe,onlytodiscoverthatthebuildingwasasflatasapancake.Aftertheunforgettablyinitialshock,herememberedthepromisehehadmadetohisson,“Nomatterwhat,I’llalwaysbethereforyou!”Andtearsbegantofillhiseyes.Ashelookedatthepileofruinsthatoncewastheschool,helookedhopeless,buthekeptrememberinghiscommitmenttohisson.Hebegantodirecthisattentiontowardswherehewalkedhissontoclassatschooleachmorning.Rememberinghisson’sclassroomwouldbeinthebackrightcornerofthebuilding,herushedthereandstarteddiggingthroughtheruins.Ashewasdigging,otherhelplessparentsarrived,heartbroken,saying,“Myson!”“Mydaughter!”O(jiān)therwell-meaningparentstriedtopullhimoffwhatwasleftoftheschool,saying,“It’stoolate!They’realldead!Youcan’thelp!Gohome!Comeon,facereality,there’snothingyoucando!”Toeachparentherespondedwithoneline,“Areyougoingtohelpmenow?”Andthenhecontinuedtodigforhisson,stonebystone.Thefirechiefshowedupandtriedtopullhimofftheschool’sruins,saying,“Firesarebreakingout,explosionsarehappeningeverywhere.You’reindanger.We’lltakecareofit.Gohome.”Towhichthisloving,caringAmericanfatherasked,“Areyougoingtohelpmenow?”Thepolicecameandsaid,“You’reangry,anxiousandit’sover.You’reendangeringothers.Gohome.We’llhandleit!”Towhichhereplied,“Areyougoingtohelpmenow?”Noonehelped.注意:續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Courageouslyhewentonalonebecauseheneededtoknowforhimself:“Ismyboyaliveorishedead?”

“Thereare14ofusleftoutof33,Dad,”Armandreplied,

參考答案第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)（略）第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要列舉了4位著名的女科學(xué)家在各自領(lǐng)域所取得的成就和影響。21.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)每個(gè)人物后面的時(shí)間可知,JaneGoodall出生于1934,而后面沒(méi)有給去世時(shí)間,說(shuō)明還在世,還在為世界做貢獻(xiàn)。故選B。22.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RitaLevi-Montalcini(1909-2012)部分中FamousFor:Nervegrowthstudies可知因?yàn)樯窠?jīng)發(fā)育研究而出名。由此可知,RitaLevi-Montalcini研究的是神經(jīng)發(fā)育。故選A。23.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LiseMeitner(1878-1968)部分中FamousFor:Workonradioactivityandnuclearphysics可知因?yàn)檠芯糠派湫院秃宋锢矶雒?。由此可?LiseMeitner對(duì)核物理學(xué)做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。故選D。B【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是女性探險(xiǎn)家,《國(guó)家地理》撰稿人哈麗特·查默斯的人生經(jīng)歷和事業(yè)發(fā)展。24.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段后兩句可知24歲時(shí),查默斯嫁給了富蘭克林·皮爾斯·亞當(dāng)斯,他們出發(fā)前往拉丁美洲,在那里他們騎馬、乘船、徒步旅行了4萬(wàn)英里。當(dāng)他們近三年后回來(lái)時(shí),她在《國(guó)家地理》雜志社做了一次演講,并開(kāi)始了30年的撰稿生涯。可知她結(jié)婚的前三年和她丈夫一起去探索拉丁美洲。故選B項(xiàng)。25.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)期間,她是第一個(gè)被允許拍攝法國(guó)戰(zhàn)壕的女記者,她在那里待了好幾個(gè)月?？芍サ搅饲熬€拍照。故選A項(xiàng)。26.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知在這些作品中,她批評(píng)了她所觀察到的不公正現(xiàn)象?！皻W洲人聲稱給數(shù)百萬(wàn)拉丁美洲人帶來(lái)的福祉在哪里?”我?guī)缀跽也坏剿鼈?”她在訪問(wèn)秘魯后寫(xiě)道?！霸跉W洲人的控制下,他們還有什么沒(méi)遭受過(guò)?”即她對(duì)歐洲人殖民侵略拉丁美洲感到不滿,所以她的話語(yǔ)表明她反對(duì)的態(tài)度,故選D項(xiàng)。27.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句可知然而,總部位于紐約的探索者俱樂(lè)部卻對(duì)她和其他杰出的女性冒險(xiǎn)家非常冷漠。短語(yǔ)“thecoldshoulder”表示冷落,愛(ài)搭不理,A項(xiàng)“并未關(guān)注她”表達(dá)切題,故選A項(xiàng)。C【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。介紹了2020年諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)近日揭曉,獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)呤侨辉诎l(fā)現(xiàn)丙型肝炎病毒的過(guò)程中做出重大貢獻(xiàn)的科學(xué)家。28.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ThreescientistswhoplayedcentralrolesinthediscoveryofthehepatitisCvirushavebeenawardedtheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine2020”可知,故選C項(xiàng)。29.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Inthe1980s,Houghtonmanagedtoisolatethegeneticsequenceofthevirus”可知Houghton成功地分離出了丙型肝炎病毒的基因序列,故選A項(xiàng)。30.【解析】選A。段落大意題。本段主要介紹了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)大會(huì)丙型肝炎病毒的發(fā)現(xiàn)的意義。丙型肝炎病毒的發(fā)現(xiàn)使研制新藥成為可能,從而挽救了數(shù)百萬(wàn)人的性命,故選A項(xiàng)。31.【解析】選D。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)丙肝可以被治療,為在全人類中根除丙型肝炎病毒帶來(lái)了希望?？赏茰y(cè)畫(huà)線單詞意為“消除”,故選D項(xiàng)。D【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了微軟公司的一款新的人工智能軟件,可以在很多方面幫助盲人或有視力障礙的人。32.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段前兩句可知微軟公司的一款新產(chǎn)品可以為視力有障礙的人做到那一點(diǎn)。他們可能是盲人或視力受損的人?？赏浦?選項(xiàng)B“Peoplehavingvisualdisabilities.”(有視覺(jué)障礙的人)符合題意。故選B。33.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從倒數(shù)第三段最后一句人們可以使用這款應(yīng)用軟件來(lái)識(shí)別標(biāo)志和獲取方向,盡管微軟警告不要將其用于導(dǎo)航目的。可推知,微軟警告不要用這款軟件來(lái)導(dǎo)航。故選A。34.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章前兩句微軟公司的一款新產(chǎn)品可以為視力有障礙的人做到那一點(diǎn)。他們可能是盲人或視力受損的人。可推知,這款人工智能軟件對(duì)于盲人是非常有幫助的。故選C。35.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句微軟表示,SeeingAI不久將能夠識(shí)別鈔票,這樣人們就能知道他們手中的鈔票是面值100美元還是1美元。可知,SeeingAI很快就能有更多的新功能。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了語(yǔ)言的力量。積極的語(yǔ)言可以激勵(lì)我們,消極的語(yǔ)言會(huì)摧毀我們。36.【解析】選C。根據(jù)空后一句可知然而,我們通常覺(jué)得太尷尬而不承認(rèn)。與選項(xiàng)C.Wealltalktoourselvessometimes.(我們所有人都會(huì)時(shí)不時(shí)自言自語(yǔ))承接自然,后文的it指代選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容,故選C項(xiàng)。37.【解析】選G。根據(jù)空前一句可知但是,要清楚多達(dá)77%的自言自語(yǔ)傾向于消極。與選項(xiàng)G.Soweshouldonlyspeakencouragingwordstoourselves.(因此,我們應(yīng)該只對(duì)自己說(shuō)鼓勵(lì)的話)承接自然,前后句構(gòu)成明顯的因果關(guān)系,negative和encouraging是關(guān)鍵詞,故選G項(xiàng)。38.【解析】選F。根據(jù)空前兩句可知例如,當(dāng)把一件商品退回商店時(shí),我們?cè)诮粨Q期間可能會(huì)用溫和、友好的語(yǔ)言。店員很可能會(huì)用同樣的方式回復(fù)你。與設(shè)空處是兩種對(duì)比的情況,且構(gòu)成明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,friendly和critical是關(guān)鍵詞,故選F項(xiàng)。39.【解析】選A。前文Beforespeaking,weshouldalwaysaskourselves:(在說(shuō)話之前,我們應(yīng)該總是問(wèn)問(wèn)自己)與選項(xiàng)A.Isitloving?(它是表示關(guān)愛(ài)的話嗎?)承接自然,前文提出“問(wèn)自己”,下文給出問(wèn)題,故選A項(xiàng)。40.【解析】選D。根據(jù)空前兩句當(dāng)我們說(shuō)積極的話時(shí),我們周圍的人會(huì)得到鼓勵(lì)。我們可以提供希望、建立自信以及激勵(lì)別人做到最好。前后部分分別陳述積極話語(yǔ)和消極話語(yǔ)的兩種情況,選項(xiàng)D中的those代指前文的Wecanofferhope,buildself-esteemandmotivateotherstodotheirbest,故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了Angela創(chuàng)立了致力于清理海岸垃圾的社區(qū)組織,并用海岸垃圾創(chuàng)作出海洋生物雕塑,以提醒人們需要的是一個(gè)潔凈的海洋。41.【解析】選B。句意:她一直渴望號(hào)召她的社區(qū)將它清理干凈,改變現(xiàn)狀,所以她努力地成立了一個(gè)名為“沖上岸:拯救海洋的藝術(shù)”的組織。offering主動(dòng)提供;longing渴望;admitting承認(rèn);hesitating猶豫。longtodosth.渴望做某事,符合語(yǔ)境,故選B。42.【解析】選D。她是想通過(guò)這個(gè)組織來(lái)改變目前塑料垃圾堆滿海灘的現(xiàn)狀。changethesituation改變現(xiàn)狀。landscape風(fēng)景,景色;world世界;surface表面;situation現(xiàn)狀。故選D。43.【解析】選A。根據(jù)下文可知她的努力很成功。attempt嘗試,努力;choice選擇;program節(jié)目;instruction說(shuō)明。故選A。44.【解析】選C。本段后文在講述該組織的運(yùn)作流程。walks步行;applies應(yīng)用,申請(qǐng);functions運(yùn)作,功能;prepares準(zhǔn)備。故選C。45.【解析】選D。根據(jù)下句可知,這些雕塑應(yīng)是使用海灘清理中的塑料創(chuàng)作而成。stopping阻止;presenting呈現(xiàn);delivering傳送;employing雇用,使用。故選D。46.【解析】選D。句意:利用海灘清理工作中的塑料,Angela和其他許多志愿者創(chuàng)作了海洋生物的雕塑。waste浪費(fèi),廢棄物;floor地板;waves海浪,風(fēng)潮;creatures生物,動(dòng)物。故選D。47.A.rethink B.remarkC.confirm D.announce【解析】選A。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知,后文“Howcantherebethismuchwasteonthebeach?”(海灘上怎么會(huì)有這么多垃圾?),這應(yīng)是人們看到雕塑后思考的內(nèi)容,與后文consider相呼應(yīng)。rethink重新考慮;remark評(píng)論;confirm證明,確認(rèn);announce宣告。故選A。48.【解析】選B。Angela希望這些雕塑能讓人們思考他們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪匈?gòu)買了什么,并意識(shí)到如此多的塑料最終會(huì)流入海洋。Generally一般地,普遍地;Hopefully有希望地;Fortunately幸運(yùn)地;Surprisingly出乎意料地。故選B。49.【解析】選C。結(jié)合常識(shí)和后文“intheirdailylife”(在他們的日常生活中)可推知,日常生活中購(gòu)買的東西中有大量的塑料垃圾。achieved獲得;observed觀察;purchased購(gòu)買;recommended推薦。故選C。50.【解析】選A。句意:到目前為止,大約1萬(wàn)名志愿者已經(jīng)盡心盡力地收集了21噸垃圾,并幫助創(chuàng)作了70多件藝術(shù)品。devoted摯愛(ài)的,忠誠(chéng)的,全心全意的;surprised驚奇的;grateful感激的;adventurous有冒險(xiǎn)精神的。故選A。51.【解析】選D。根據(jù)后文“havedemonstratedtheartworksin18placesofthecountry”可知,在全國(guó)18個(gè)地方展出這些作品,應(yīng)是舉行了巡回展。guides導(dǎo)游;managers經(jīng)理;advertisements廣告;exhibitions展覽。故選D。52.【解析】選C。句意:其中一個(gè)雕塑,《海龜海洋》獲得了一項(xiàng)特別的榮譽(yù)。folk民間的;simple簡(jiǎn)單的;special特別的;strange奇怪的。故選C。53.【解析】選A。句意:“沖上岸”團(tuán)隊(duì)現(xiàn)在正在制作海豚的雕塑,并計(jì)劃制作更多的雕塑。plans計(jì)劃;calls電話;elements要素,基本成分;exchanges交換,交談。故選A。54.【解析】選C。從前文可知,該志愿者團(tuán)隊(duì)是打撈被沖上岸的塑料垃圾的,當(dāng)然在他們完全清除海灘上的塑料前,工作還將繼續(xù)。getdownto開(kāi)始考慮,著手處理;keepawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離;getridof擺脫;endupwith以……結(jié)束。故選C。55.【解析】選B。句意:Angela嚴(yán)肅地說(shuō):“這些雕塑是對(duì)清潔海洋的呼吁?！盿nswer答案;appeal呼吁;warning警告;response回復(fù)。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;