2022中考熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式練 專題01 名詞（原卷版）

PAGEPAGE82022中考熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式練專題01名詞【題型一】可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的變化【典例分析】1．（2021·中考真題）All________receivedfreshflowersonWomen’sDay.A．womanteacher B．womanteachers C．womenteachers D．womenteacher2．（2021·中考真題）UncleLihasafarm,therearesome________onthefarm.A．chickenandsheep B．chickensandsheepsC．chickensandsheep D．chickenandsheeps3．（2021·中考真題）Insummer,therearelotsof________(visit)inTibet.4．（2021·中考真題）Nomatterwhat________(困難)wemeet,weshouldtrytofacetheminsteadofrunningawayfromthem.5．（2021·中考真題）PeoplewhofightagainstCOVID-19（新型冠狀病毒）areall________（英雄）inmyheart.【提分秘籍】1.可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化變化規(guī)則示例一般情況下,在名詞后直接加-sorange-oranges橘子bag---bags袋，包以-s,-x,-ch,-sh結(jié)尾的名詞，在詞尾加-es.box---boxes盒，箱beach-beaches海灘,沙灘wish---wishes希望,愿望bus--buses公共汽車以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的名詞，先變y為i再加es.story-stories故事，小說family-families家庭以“輔音字母+o”結(jié)尾的名詞(多數(shù)情況下)加-es。tomato-tomatoes西紅柿hero--heroes英雄,男主角以“元音字母+o”結(jié)尾的名詞，一般在詞尾加-s。zoozoos動(dòng)物園kangaroo--kangaroos袋鼠.以-f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞，大多數(shù)情況下先將-f或-fe變?yōu)?v,再加-es。knife-knives刀leaf--leaves葉,葉子2.可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)漢語(yǔ)意思footfeet腳toothteeth牙齒goosegeese鵝manmen男人childchildren兒童，小孩oxoxen公牛單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞fish魚sheep羊deer鹿series系列species種類means方式,方法“某國(guó)人”的復(fù)數(shù)形式aChinese---twoChinese兩個(gè)中國(guó)人anEnglishmanthreeEnglishmen3個(gè)英國(guó)人aGerman---fiveGermans5個(gè)德國(guó)人3.復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式規(guī)則示例復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，通常只將其中的主體名詞變成復(fù)教;如果沒有主體名詞，則將最后一部分變成復(fù)數(shù)。looker-on--lookers-on旁觀者grown-upgrown-ups成年人由man成woman構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，前后兩個(gè)名詞都要變成復(fù)數(shù)形式。amanteacher--threementeachers3個(gè)男教師4.特殊的可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式規(guī)則示例有些名詞經(jīng)常或只能用復(fù)數(shù)形式，不能被具體的數(shù)詞修飾。若表達(dá)具體數(shù)目，要借助量詞par(對(duì)，雙)，suit(套)等。glasses眼鏡--apairofgasses一副眼鏡集體名詞以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn),但表示復(fù)數(shù)意義。其前不能用具體的數(shù)詞修飾,只能加the，表示“全體”thepolice警察thecattle牛thepeople人們【對(duì)點(diǎn)變式練】1．Ihavetwo________inmypencilbox.A．knife B．knifes C．knives D．a(chǎn)knife2．Therearethree______inthecompany（公司）.Theyareall______.A．worker;German B．workers;Germen C．workers;Germans3．Youare______toplanttreesonboth_____oftheroad,notonlyoneside.A．supposed;side B．supposing;sideC．supposed;sides D．supposing;sides4．Theareplayinggameswiththeirontheplayground.A．child;womanteachers B．child;womenteachersC．children;womenteachers D．children;womanteachers5．Wouldyouliketotalkwith?A．German B．Germans C．Germen D．Germens6．Therearelotsof_________onthehill.A．horse B．duck C．sheep D．fish7．Thepairofontheleftmadeofwool.A．glove;is B．gloves;are C．glove;are D．gloves;is8．TheyarefromCanada.Theyare_________________(Canada).9．YuanLongpingisoneofthegreatest

________(science)inChina.10．Atpresent,Nanjingisworkinghardtoimprovemanypublic________(serve).11．Theretiredpilotenjoystelling_______abouthiscareertothestudents.(story)12．Suddenly,alotof________(leaf)wereblownintothehouse.【題型二】不可數(shù)名詞的用法【典例分析】1．Bequiet!Don’tmakesomuch________.Thebabyissleeping.A．noise B．noises C．sounds D．voice2．Mrs.Jennygaveus________onhowtoleanEnglishwell.A．someadvicesB．SuggestionC．a(chǎn)pieceofadviceD．a(chǎn)pieceofsuggestion3．Pleasegiveme________aboutthetraintoHongKong.A．a(chǎn)fewinformations B．a(chǎn)littleinformationsC．a(chǎn)fewinformation D．a(chǎn)littleinformation4．I’mafraidyouwillfinditimpossibletogetontheplanewith______.A．threeluggages B．threepiecesofluggageC．threepiecesofluggages D．somanyluggages【提分秘籍】不可數(shù)名詞前不能加不定冠詞a/an,也無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)形式。1.中考中常見的不可數(shù)名詞rice大米news新聞bread面包information信息milk牛奶beef牛肉food食物orange橙汁work工作fun樂趣advice建議homework家庭作業(yè)trouble麻煩time時(shí)間weather天氣furniture家具2.不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量表達(dá)不可數(shù)名詞在表達(dá)數(shù)量關(guān)系時(shí)，可借助表示數(shù)量單位的短語(yǔ)修飾。abottleoforangejuice1瓶橙汁fivebagsofrice5袋大米【對(duì)點(diǎn)變式練】1．Thegovernmenthasmadesome_________inenvironmentprotection.A．mistake B．decision C．change D．progress2．Doyouwanttohave________?A．twocupsoftea B．teas C．twocupoftea3．Onecanonlymake________whenhethinksbig,andmoveforwardwhenhelooksfar.A．progress B．a(chǎn)progress C．progresses4．Whenspringcomes,thereisalwaysmuch______inHangzhou.A．rain B．rains C．rainy D．raining5．﹣Hello，Lucy，pleasegivemesome____onhowtoimprovemyEnglish!﹣You'dbetterkeep___moreEnglishbooks．A．a(chǎn)dvices；read B．a(chǎn)dvice；readC．a(chǎn)dvice；reading D．a(chǎn)dvices；reading6．Theyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem________?A．somebottlesofwaters B．somebottlesofwaterC．somebottleofwater D．somebottleofwaters7．--Tina,whatdoyouoftenhaveforbreakfast?--Iusuallyeat______anddrinksomemilk.A．twobreads B．twopieceofbreads C．twopiecesofbread8．—It’stoohot!Let’shavesome________todrink.—Goodidea.A．eggs B．milks C．bread D．water【題型三】名詞所有格【典例分析】1．Kateplanstoworkforthecommunitywithsomeclassmatesof________thissummer.A．she B．her C．herself D．hers2．—Excuseme,howcanIgettothenearestbusstop?—Godownthisroad.It'sabout_________walk.A．fiveminute’s B．fiveminutes’ C．five—minutes3．Theyhaveevenaskedthegovernment______lawstostopthe______ofsharkfins.A．develop;sale B．develop;selling C．develop;tosale D．todevelop:sale4．It’snotmyblouse.Itmaybe_______________.A．someoneelse B．someoneelse’s C．elsesomeone D．someone’selse5．—Wheredidyougoon______Day?—Nowhere.Ijuststudiedathome.A．Child B．ChildrenC．Children’s D．Childrens’【提分秘籍】名詞所有格表示名詞之間的所有或所屬關(guān)系。規(guī)則示例-’s所有格表示有生命的名詞的所有格-般在其詞尾加-’s,以-s或-es結(jié)尾的名詞只加-’。mycousin'sclothes我表弟的衣服students'books學(xué)生們的書表示時(shí)間、距離、度量街、價(jià)值、自然現(xiàn)象、國(guó)家、城鎮(zhèn)等無(wú)生命事物的名詞,也可以加-'s或者-’構(gòu)成所有格。today'snewspaper今天的報(bào)紙twohours'ride兩個(gè)小時(shí)的車程兩人或多人共有某物時(shí)，只在最后一個(gè)名詞后加-'s;如果該物為各自所有，則各個(gè)名詞后都要加-'s。LucyandLily'sbedroom露西和莉莉(共同)的房間Lucy'sandLily'sbedrooms露西和莉莉(各自)的房間為了避免重復(fù)，可單獨(dú)使用一's所有格,其作用在句中相當(dāng)于名詞。Whosepenisthis?IsitTony's?這是誰(shuí)的鋼筆?它是托尼的嗎?of所有格表示無(wú)生命東西的所有關(guān)系,of所有格由“of+名詞/代詞”構(gòu)成。We'llmetatthegateoftheschool，我們將在學(xué)校門口見面。.雙重所有格雙重所有格的構(gòu)成有兩種形式:一種是“of+-'s所有格”，另一種是“of+名詞性物主代詞"。apictureofLily’s莉莉(擁有)的一張照片afiendofhers她的一個(gè)朋友【對(duì)點(diǎn)變式練】1．Morethan60percentofChineseteenagersdon’tget________sleepadayandhomeworkisthoughttobethekeyreason.A．eight-hours B．eighthour’s C．eighthour D．eighthours’2．—Whoisthegirlsingingnow?Iseemtohaveseenherbefore.—Sheisafriendof_____.A．I B．mine C．my D．myself3．—________isyourhomefromthelibrary?—Itisaboutfifteen________walk.A．Howlong;minutes’ B．Howfar:minutesC．Howlong;minute’s D．Howfar;minutes’4．Thisbedroomismine.Thatbedroomis________.A．Jim’sandTom’s B．Jim’sandTom C．JimandTom’s D．JimandTom5．Ihearwewillhavea______holidayin______.A．twoday's；twoday'stime B．two-day；twoday'stimeC．two-day；twodays'time D．twodays；two-daytime6．Italkedwithafriendof________onlineforalongtimelastnight.A．me B．my C．mine D．myself7．Ican’trememberwhen________is.A．Teacher’sDay B．Womens’day C．Father’sDay D．May’sDay8．________motherscan’tgotothemeetingbecausetheyhavegonetoNewYorkonbusiness.A．Alice’sandLily’s B．AliceandLily’s C．Alice’sandLily D．AliceandLily9．—Dave,didyouhavefunattheNewYear'sParty?—Sure!Iwillneverforgeteachwonderfulmemoryof________.A．we B．us C．our D．ours10．Tomhastriedeverypossiblewaytosolvetheproblembecausehedoesn’twanttoreceive________help.A．a(chǎn)nybodyelse’s B．somebodyelse’s C．otheranybody’s1．（2021·廣西河池·中考真題）—Lisa,couldyouhelpmebuysome________onyourwayhome?—Ok,mom.A．egg B．beef C．banana D．potato2．（2021·四川廣元·中考真題）Threefifthsoftheteachersinourschoolare________.A．manteachers B．menteachers C．womanteachers D．womenteacher3．（2021·黑龍江大慶·中考真題）—CanIhelpyou?—Pleasegiveme________aboutthetrainstoDaqing.A．a(chǎn)fewinformations B．a(chǎn)littleinformations C．a(chǎn)littleinformation D．a(chǎn)fewinformation4．（2021·重慶·中考真題）Therearemany________teachersinthisprimaryschool.A．woman B．woman’s C．women D．women’s5．（2021·湖南岳陽(yáng)·中考真題）Weseesome________risingintotheairattheopeningofournewlibrary.A．balloons B．balloon C．balloones6．（2021·青海西寧·中考真題）—Whatacleanandtidyroom!—Yes.It’s________room.A．TinaandNina’s B．Tina’sandNinaC．TinaandNina D．Tina’sandNina’s7．（2021·貴州銅仁·中考真題）—Youhaveanicehouse!Whoseroomisthis?—It’s________.A．JackandPeter’s B．Jack’sandPeter’s C．Jack’sandPeter D．JackandPeter8．（2021·貴州貴陽(yáng)·中考真題）ThemovienamedALittleRedFlowershows_________lovefortheirchildren.A．parents B．parent’s C．parents’9．（2021·重慶·中考真題）June1stis________Day.A．Children B．Children’s C．Child D．Child’s10．（2021·湖南常德·中考真題）Look,the________(child)arehavingagoodtimeflyingkitesinthepark.11．（2021·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題）These________(fisherman)homesarenolongerintheboatsbecauseofthegovernment’snofishinglawonYangtzeRiver