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試卷第=page11頁,共=sectionpages33頁2022中考完形填空話題分類訓(xùn)練專題63文化差異Passage1(2021·湖北黃石·中考真題)Anoldsayinggoes,“WheninRome(羅馬),doastheRomansdo.”IlearnedthemeaningofthiswhenIstudiedinRussia.OnedayI___1___someofmyChinesefriendstoafamouslocalrestaurantinMoscow.MyguestsandIwereexcitedfromvisitingRedSquareandhappyaboutourmeeting.Wechatted___2___untilthewaitertoldmethatweweretalkingtooloud.Weturnedourvoiceslower.Butthisdidn’tlastlong.Thewaitercameovertoustwomoretimeswiththesame___3___.Howbadanimpression(印象)wemusthaveleftonthelocalpeople!InChina,it’snaturaland___4___forahost(主人)tomakealivelyatmosphere(氣氛).However,inRussiaandwesterncountries,havingamealinapublicplacemeansyoumust___5___yourvoicelow.Youneedtobepolitetoothers.Ifelt___6___aboutthis.Eventhoughwetriedourbest,it’sverydifficulttoformanewhabit.Russianshavetheirownspecialhabits.MyRussianfriend,Andreyalwayslooksaroundandthinksforawhilebeforeleavinghome.Iaskedhim___7___hedidthis.“Aha,”Andreysaid,“InRussia,peoplealwaysspendaboutaminute___8___thingsandplansintheirmindsbeforeleaving.Sotheywon’tleave___9___necessarybehind.Findingthedifferencesbetween___10___isveryinteresting.I’dliketokeepmyeyesandmindopen.1.A.made B.invited C.told D.taught2.A.surprisingly B.friendly C.warmly D.carefully3.A.message B.menu C.meal D.food4.A.different B.serious C.important D.interesting5.A.take B.remain C.have D.keep6.A.bad B.strange C.a(chǎn)ngry D.nervous7.A.how B.when C.why D.where8.A.goingaround B.goingover C.goingon D.goingfor9.A.nothing B.something C.everything D.a(chǎn)nything10.A.friends B.knowledge C.people D.culturesPassage2(2019·山東青島·中考真題)AgiftisnecessarywhenoneisinvitedtovisitfriendsinChina.Aftergreetings,thegiftshouldbepassedimmediatelytothehost.RememberthatusuallyChinesepeoplewillnotopenthegiftinfrontofthepersonwhogives
____11____.Toshowtherespect,itmaybe
____12____toexplainwhatthegiftis.Bringingsomenutrientsandtonics(營養(yǎng)品、補(bǔ)品)totheeldersinthefamilyisagoodidea.Youcan____13____preparesomesmallgiftsforthespouse(配偶)orkidsofthehost.Thehostusuallymakesfull
____14____bycarefullytidyingupthehouseand
_____15_____
alotofdeliciousdishes.
____16____themealiswellprepared,thehostmaysaytotheguestpolitely,“Mypreparationisnotenough,pleaseexcusemeformypoortreat.”Asaguest,youshouldmakethehostbelievethatthereisplentytoeatbypraisingthefood.Whileeating,theelderswillusechopsticksto
_____17_____foodforguestsasatraditionandaskthemtoeat
_____18_____.Asaguest,
youshouldaccepttheirgoodwillreadily.
Butnowadays,
theyoungerpeopledothetraditionalwayless.Afterdinner,teaandfruitareusuallyserved.Whentheguestsaretoleave,thehostmaystillpolitelyaskthemtostay.Theydon’thavetotakeit
______19______andtheycantrytofindagoodtimetoleave.Thisdoesn’tmeanthatleavingearlyisalwaysagoodideaasthehostmayfeelthattheguestsarenotsatisfiedwiththetreat.Findingtherighttimetoleave
_____20_____
thesituation.11.A.it B.them C.that12.A.necessary B.careful C.comfortable13.A.too B.a(chǎn)lso C.either14.A.plans B.decisions C.preparations15.A.enjoying B.cooking C.washing16.A.But B.Although C.Because17.A.cutup B.eatup C.pickup18.A.more B.less C.many19.A.completely B.seriously C.probably20.A.worksout B.sticksto C.dependsonPassage3(2015·山東日照·中考真題)Ifyouhaveseentheshortplay“I’vegotmuchmoney(不差錢)”,youmusthavebeenimpressedbythewayXiaoShenyangdressed___21___.Thedressheworeiscalledthekilt(蘇格蘭方格呢短裙).Thereisafamous___22___inScotland.Itsays,“Amaninskiltisamanandahalf.”Thissayingshowshow___23___thekiltisforScottishpeople.Thekiltisaspecialdress.MostScottishmen___24___it.WhydoScottishmenwear___25___andwhat’sthehistoryofthisspecialdress?It’ssaidthatinthe16thcentury,theScottishhighlandswere___26___,sotheroadswerealwaysfullofmud(泥).Themudmadeitverydifficultforsoldiersto___27___around.Slowlypeoplefoundthatthesoldiersinkiltscouldmovemore___28___thanthoseintrousersbecausekiltsweremuchmoreflexible(靈活的).What’smore,soldierscouldusethekiltsoncoldnights___29___ablanket.Inmoderntimes,thekilt____30____Scottishpride.Peoplewearkiltsfor____31____events,weddingsandtraditionalsportingevents,forexample.Butthat’snotall.Thecolorsofakiltalsoshowaperson’s____32____history.EachScottishfamilyhasadifferentpattern.SoaScotsmaniswearingnotonlythenationaldressofhiscountry,____33____theprideofhisfamily.Today,fashiondesignersaretryingtomakethekilt____34____moremodernandfashionabletocatchmoreeyes.Besidescloth,thedesignersaretryingsome____35____materialssuchaspaperandleather(皮革).21.A.himself B.him C.his D.he22.A.word B.saying C.sentence D.conversation23.A.serious B.important C.comfortable D.interesting24.A.sell B.dress C.wear D.make25.A.jackets B.shirts C.trousers D.kilts26.A.dry B.wet C.wide D.narrow27.A.lie B.rest C.move D.sleep28.A.slow B.slowly C.quick D.quickly29.A.of B.a(chǎn)s C.with D.for30.A.standsfor B.showsoff C.takesaway D.putsup31.A.small B.unimportant C.special D.difficult32.A.country B.work C.education D.family33.A.but B.a(chǎn)nd C.or D.yet34.A.feel B.smell C.look D.sound35.A.other B.a(chǎn)nother C.others D.elsePassage4(2021·廣西鳳山·二模)Mybiggestchallengeislearninghowtobehave_____36_____thedinnertable.Asyoucanimagine,thingsarevery_____37_____thewaytheyareathome.Forexample,you’renotsupposedtoputyour_____38_____onyourplate.You’resupposedtoput_____39_____onthetable.Ithoughtthatwasprettystrangeatfirst,_____40_____nowI’musedtoit.Anotherexampleisthatyou’renotsupposedtoeatanythingwithyourhands_____41_____bread,notevenfruit.Youhavetocutitupandeatitwithafork.Onemorethingisthatit’s_____42_____tosaythatyou’refull.Ifyoudon’twantanymore_____43_____,youshouldjustsay,“Thatwasdelicious.”Also,you’renotsupposedtoputyour_____44_____onthetable.IhavetosaythatIfinditdifficulttoremember_____45_____,butI’mgraduallygettingusedtoit.Idon’tfindFrenchcustomssostrangeanymore.36.A.in B.a(chǎn)t C.before D.behind37.A.thesameas B.famousfor C.differentfrom D.similarto38.A.bread B.schoolbag C.clothes D.basketball39.A.this B.that C.them D.it40.A.a(chǎn)nd B.though C.but D.because41.A.a(chǎn)nd B.except C.without D.only42.A.impolite B.impossible C.interesting D.humorous43.A.help B.room C.food D.time44.A.plates B.knives C.forks D.elbows45.A.everything B.a(chǎn)nything C.something D.nothingPassage5(2021·貴州南明·二模)Aroundtheworld,peoplehavedifferentideasaboutwhatgoodmannersare.Whenyougotorestaurantsindifferentpartsoftheworld,it’s___46___toknowtherightandwrongthingstodo.Forexample,inChinait’sOKto___47___alotofnoiseinarestaurant.Infact,ifarestaurantisn’tnoisyand___48___,youmaythinkthere’ssomethingwrongwithit.However,inmanywesterncountries,restaurantsare___49___places.Ifpeopleatatabletalktooloud,otherpeoplewhoareeatingtheremighteven___50___totheowneroftherestaurant.Payingthebillisalsodifferentfromcountrytocountry.InChina,onepersonusuallypaysfor___51___.Inwesterncountries,onepersonpaysifheorsheisentertainingguests,but___52___friendseattogether,theyusuallysharethecost.Also,whenwesternerspaythebill,theyusuallyleavesomemoneyforthe___53___.Thisiscalled“l(fā)eavingatip”.IntheU.S.,it’s___54___toleavetipsof10%,15%,or20%ofthebill,whichisdecidedbyhowgoodtheserviceis.Thewaypeopleeatfoodisnotthesameindifferentpartsoftheworld,butyoucan____55____thesamekindsoffoodinmanycountries.ChineseandIndianfoods,forexample,arepopularallovertheworld.46.A.popular B.difficult C.important47.A.cause B.make C.hear48.A.lively B.friendly C.lucky49.A.noisy B.quiet C.busy50.A.shout B.explain C.complain51.A.everybody B.nobody C.somebody52.A.until B.when C.unless53.A.gatekeeper B.seller C.waiter54.A.terrible B.common C.serious55.A.invent B.discover C.findPassage6(2021·天津薊州·二模)Afterabusymorningatwork,lunchtimegivesmeachancetodomanythings,__56__exercise,readingorwatchingTV.OneculturaldifferenceI’venoticedbetweenBritainandChinaiswhatwedo__57__lunchtime.HereinChina,workershavelongerlunchbreaks,whichgivesthem__58__timetotakeashortnap(午睡).Therefore,Chinesepeopleusuallyuselunchtimetorest.Ioftenseeoffice__59__resttheirheadsontheirdesks.Theroomturnsintoaquiet“bedroom”.Once,Ievensawworkersinarestauranttakingshortnapsaswell.Thisisalsovery__60__forstudentsinChina.Afterlunch,theywillgobacktotheirdormitories(宿舍)orclassroomtotakeanap.Chinesepeople__61__thatashortnapatnooncanhelpthemfeelmoreenergetic(精力充沛的)intheafternoon.InBritain,thisactivityisquiteuncommon.Britishstudents__62__haveaone-hourlunchbreak.Insteadofnapping,theyfillthattimebyplayingsportsortalkingwith__63__.MostworkersinBritaindon’tgetthe__64__tonap.Theygenerally(通常)haveshortlunchbreaks,between30minutestoanhour.Thereisnotenoughtimetohaveanap.Becauseoftheshortnessof__65__lunchbreaks,itiscommonforpeopletoworkthroughlunchorjustfinishtheirlunchattheirdesk.56.A.suchas B.a(chǎn)sif C.a(chǎn)swell D.eventhough57.A.from B.during C.since D.to58.A.little B.much C.few D.enough59.A.farmers B.teachers C.workers D.nurses60.A.excited B.interesting C.difficult D.common61.A.take B.believe C.have D.need62.A.usually B.never C.seldom D.sometimes63.A.doctors B.policemen C.scientists D.friends64.A.chance B.change C.room D.interest65.A.they B.them C.their D.theirsPassage7(2021·福建永安·一模)Everynight,inJinanUniversity,agroupofstudentsplaysdiabolo(空竹),atraditionalChinesetoy.Alotofpeoplewatchit,____66____thatsuchasimpleobjectcanshowitscharmandwonder.ChenZhelun,aMalaysian-Chinesestartedthediaboloclub,whichhelpstoincreasethepopularityofthistraditionalChinese____67____.Heisoneofmanystudentsexpressingtheir____68____inthecountry’sculturalheritage(遺產(chǎn))bystartingclubs.Thediabolo,whichcamefromChina,is____69____amongChineselivinginMalaysia.ButonlyafewChinesestudentsknewaboutit.SoIstartedaclubto____70____it,saysChen.ToChen’ssurprise,ithasinterestedahugecrowd.Morethan1,000studentshavejoinedtheclub.FanDongling,amemberofLantingCalligraphy(書法)Club,saysit’sa(n)____71____thatyoungpeoplenolongerenjoythebeautyofChinesecharacters.Althoughherclubisquiet,Fansaysitkeepsmembershealthy,mentallyandphysically.“Traditionalthingsare____72____passingawaywiththeold.Somestudentsprefer____73____WesternfestivalslikeChristmasorValentine’sDay,butthey____74____payattentiontotraditionalones.”saysKongYanquan,astudentinGuangxiUniversity.AsheadofthetraditionalChineselocaloperasclub,Kongplanstoputmodernideasintotraditionalculturetogetstudentstojoinhisclub.“Ithinkit’severyone’s____75____tosaveanddevelopChina’straditionalcultureamongyoungpeople.”hesays.66.A.a(chǎn)mazed B.puzzled C.frightened67.A.music B.game C.festival68.A.doubt B.praise C.interest69.A.missing B.valuable C.popular70.A.develop B.remember C.make71.A.joy B.pity C.excitement72.A.inneedof B.inchargeof C.indangerof73.A.creating B.celebrating C.collecting74.A.often B.seldom C.a(chǎn)lways75.A.choice B.a(chǎn)ward C.duty答案第=page11頁,共=sectionpages22頁參考答案:1.B2.C3.A4.C5.D6.A7.C8.B9.D10.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過講述在俄國學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候的一次經(jīng)歷,體會(huì)到了中外文化的差異,告訴我們要“入鄉(xiāng)隨俗”。1.句意:一天,我邀請了一些中國朋友到莫斯科一家著名的當(dāng)?shù)夭宛^吃飯。made制作;invited邀請;told告訴;taught教。根據(jù)“OnedayI…someofmyChinesefriendstoafamouslocalrestaurantinMoscow.”可知,此處是invitesbtosp短語,意為“邀請某人去某地”,故選B。2.句意:我們熱情地聊天,直到服務(wù)員告訴我說我們說話聲音太大。surprisingly驚奇地;friendly友好的;warmly溫暖地,熱烈地;carefully仔細(xì)地。根據(jù)“thewaitertoldmethatweweretalkingtooloud”可知,服務(wù)員提醒我們聲音太大,所以聊得很熱烈,故選C。3.句意:服務(wù)員又來了兩次,都說了同樣的話。message信息;menu菜單;meal餐;food食物。根據(jù)“Thewaitercameovertoustwomoretimeswiththesame…”可知,服務(wù)員又來了兩次,都是因?yàn)槲覀兟曇籼罅?,故選A。4.句意:在中國,主人營造活潑的氣氛是很自然的,也是很重要的。different不同的;serious嚴(yán)肅的;important重要的;interesting有趣的。根據(jù)“InChina,it’snaturaland…forahost(主人)tomakealivelyatmosphere(氣氛).”和常識(shí)可知,在中國,主人營造活潑的氣氛是很自然的也是很重要的,故選C。5.句意:然而,在俄羅斯和西方國家,在公共場所吃飯意味著你必須保持你的聲音低。take花費(fèi);remain保持;have有;keep保持。根據(jù)“youmust…yourvoicelow”可知,此處是keepsthadj結(jié)構(gòu),意為“使某物保持某種狀態(tài)”,故選D。6.句意:我對(duì)此感到很糟糕。bad壞的;strange奇怪的;angry生氣的;nervous緊張的。根據(jù)“Howbadanimpression(印象)wemusthaveleftonthelocalpeople!”和“Eventhoughwetriedourbest,it’sverydifficulttoformanewhabit.”可知,作者感覺很不好,故選A。7.句意:我問他為什么這么做。how如何;when何時(shí);why為什么;where哪里。根據(jù)后文Andrey的解釋可知,是詢問原因,故選C。8.句意:在俄羅斯,人們臨走前總要花上一分鐘左右的時(shí)間把事情和計(jì)劃想一遍。goingaround四處走動(dòng);goingover仔細(xì)檢查;goingon繼續(xù);goingfor主張。根據(jù)“peoplealwaysspendaboutaminute…thingsandplansintheirmindsbeforeleaving”可知,是會(huì)仔細(xì)檢查/重溫一遍事情和計(jì)劃,故選B。9.句意:這樣他們就不會(huì)落下任何必要的東西。nothing沒什么;something某事;everything每件事;anything任何事。根據(jù)“Sotheywon’tleave…necessarybehind.”可知,本句是否定句,用anything作賓語,故選D。10.句意:發(fā)現(xiàn)文化之間的差異是很有趣的。friends朋友;knowledge知識(shí);people人們;cultures文化。根據(jù)整篇文章可知,主要講述文化的差異,故選D。11.A12.A13.B14.C15.B16.B17.C18.A19.B20.C【解析】【分析】短文介紹了中國人走親訪友時(shí)的一些禮節(jié)。包括客人如何給主人準(zhǔn)備禮物以及主人是如何招待客人的。中國是一個(gè)熱情好客的國度,即使主人準(zhǔn)備的很充分,也會(huì)有禮貌地對(duì)客人說招待不周,敬請?jiān)彙.?dāng)客人要離開時(shí),主人仍禮貌地挽留,只是客人不必當(dāng)真,根據(jù)當(dāng)時(shí)具體的情況而選擇離開的時(shí)間。11.句意:通常中國人不會(huì)在送給他們禮物的人面前打開禮物。A.it它;B.them他們;C.that那個(gè)。此處用it指代前面的禮物thegift,故答案為A。12.句意:為了表示尊重,可能需要解釋一下所送禮物是什么。A.necessary必要的;B.careful小心的;C.comfortable舒適的。接受禮物的人不好意思打開所送的禮物,這時(shí)送禮之人表示尊重,有必要解釋一下所送禮物是什么,故答案為A。13.句意:你也可以為主人的配偶或孩子準(zhǔn)備一些小禮物。A.too也,用于肯定句中;B.also也,用于肯定句中;C.either也,用于否定句中。三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的單詞都有“也”的意思,本句是肯定句,可排除C選項(xiàng);too通常用于句子的末尾,also用于句中,故答案為B。14.句意:主人通常會(huì)精心整理房間,烹制許多美味佳肴,做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。A.plans計(jì)劃;B.decisions決定;C.preparations準(zhǔn)備。精心整理房間,烹制美味佳肴都是為客人所做的準(zhǔn)備,故答案為C。15.句意:主人通常會(huì)精心整理房間,烹制許多美味佳肴,做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。A.enjoying喜歡,享受;B.cooking烹飪;C.washing洗。做飯菜用動(dòng)詞cook,故答案為B。16.句意:雖然飯菜準(zhǔn)備得豐盛,但主人可能會(huì)禮貌地對(duì)客人說:“我準(zhǔn)備不夠,請?jiān)徫艺写恢堋薄.But但是;B.Although盡管;C.Because因?yàn)?。根?jù)語境理解,前后句表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,即使主人準(zhǔn)備的很充分,也會(huì)有禮貌地對(duì)客人說招待不周,敬請?jiān)彙G耙粋€(gè)句子用“雖然”,后一個(gè)句子用“但是”,although與but在句子中不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn),故只能在前一個(gè)中用although,答案為B。17.句意:在吃飯的時(shí)候,長輩們會(huì)按照傳統(tǒng)用筷子給客人夾上食物,并要求他們多吃點(diǎn)。A.cutup切碎;B.eatup吃光;C.pickup撿起,拿起??曜拥淖饔檬怯脕韸A東西的,故答案為C。18.句意:在吃飯的時(shí)候,長輩們會(huì)按照傳統(tǒng)用筷子給客人夾上食物,并要求他們多吃。A.more更多的;B.less更少的;C.many許多。按照中國人的飲食習(xí)俗,主人會(huì)讓客人多吃點(diǎn),要用比較級(jí)的形式,故答案為A。19.句意:他們不必太當(dāng)回事,可以試著找個(gè)好時(shí)機(jī)離開。A.completely完全地;B.seriously嚴(yán)肅地;C.probably可能。takesomebody/somethingseriously相當(dāng)于漢語“認(rèn)真對(duì)待某人或某事;把某人或某事當(dāng)真”的意思。故答案為B。20.句意:找到合適的離開時(shí)間取決于具體情況。A.worksout計(jì)算出;B.sticksto堅(jiān)持;C.dependson取決于,依靠??腿诉x擇何時(shí)離開要根據(jù)當(dāng)時(shí)具體的情況而定,故答案為C。【點(diǎn)睛】完形填空考查的是單詞、語法、句式等的綜合能力,對(duì)于每個(gè)學(xué)生來說都是難點(diǎn)。在所給的每篇文章中都有一定量的生詞,要通過語法關(guān)系,猜測整句句義,然后做題。這就要求你既要有足夠的單詞量,還要有對(duì)整句的把握能力。首先花幾分鐘進(jìn)行整體的閱讀,弄清楚時(shí)間,人物及情節(jié)。不提倡看一個(gè)做一個(gè),平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中要注意多積累固定句型,考試時(shí)才能準(zhǔn)確判斷出相應(yīng)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)。如果是考查名詞,動(dòng)詞的詞義辨析,一定要結(jié)合上下文去找出相關(guān)的信息,切記要有耐心,如第6小題是考查連詞辨析,but是表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞,although是從屬連詞,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。根據(jù)語境理解,前后句表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,可排除C答案;中國是一個(gè)熱情好客的國度,雖然主人招待的飯菜很豐盛,但還是會(huì)對(duì)客人客套一番,連詞的位置出現(xiàn)在前一句的開頭,故要用連詞although來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,答案選B。21.A22.B23.B24.C25.D26.B27.C28.D29.B30.A31.C32.D33.A34.C35.A【解析】【分析】本文由小品《不差錢》中小沈陽的短裙引入,講述了這種特殊的“蘇格蘭方格呢短裙”對(duì)于蘇格蘭人過去、當(dāng)代、現(xiàn)在的特殊含義。蘇格蘭人們說:一個(gè)穿蘇格蘭裙子的男人是一個(gè)半男人。21.句意:你一定對(duì)小沈陽的穿著方式印象深刻。himself他自己,反身代詞;him他,賓格;his他的,物主代詞;he他,主格。dressoneself表示“打扮”,故選A。22.句意:在蘇格蘭,有一個(gè)著名的格言。word話;saying格言;sentence句子;conversation對(duì)話。從后面的“Thissayingshowshow…”可知后句指的是一個(gè)格言,故選B。23.句意:這個(gè)格言顯示出短裙對(duì)于蘇格蘭人是多么重要。serious嚴(yán)肅的;important重要的;comfortable舒適的;interesting有趣的。格言是:Amaninskiltisamanandahalf(穿裙子的蘇格男人相當(dāng)于一個(gè)半男人)從其含義上可知裙子對(duì)蘇格蘭人的重要。故選B。24.句意:大多數(shù)蘇格蘭男士穿。sell賣;dress穿,打扮,其賓語是人;wear穿,其賓語是服裝;make使,制作。it指代thekilt,因此用wear。故選C。25.句意:為什么蘇格蘭男士穿裙子,這種特殊裙子的歷史是什么?jackets夾克;shirts襯衫;trousers褲子;kilts短裙。根據(jù)“Thekiltisaspecialdress.MostScottishmenwearit.”可知此處指男人穿裙子。故選D。26.句意:據(jù)說16世紀(jì)時(shí),蘇格蘭高地潮濕。dry干;wet濕;wide寬廣;narrow狹窄。由后句“sotheroadswerealwaysfullofmud”因此路上總是泥??梢酝茰y出當(dāng)?shù)靥鞖鉂駶櫠嘤?,因此道路泥濘。故選B。27.句意:泥使得士兵們行動(dòng)非常困難。lie躺,臥;rest休息;move移動(dòng);sleep睡覺。道路泥濘,行動(dòng)不便,故選C。28.句意:慢慢地,人們發(fā)現(xiàn)穿著裙子的士兵比穿褲子的士兵行動(dòng)得更快因?yàn)槿棺右`活得多。slow慢的;slowly慢地;quick快的;quickly快速地。根據(jù)“becausekiltsweremuchmoreflexible”(因?yàn)槿棺右`活得多)可以推測出穿著裙子行動(dòng)更快速,修飾動(dòng)詞用副詞形式,故選D。29.句意:在寒冷的夜晚士兵可以把裙子用作毯子。of……的;as作為;with和;for為了。把……用來作為……:usesthassth。故選B。30.句意:在現(xiàn)代,裙子代表著蘇格蘭人的驕傲。standsfor代表;showsoff炫耀,賣弄;takesaway拿走;putsup舉起,掛起。根據(jù)本段后面的內(nèi)容,在特殊的日子人們會(huì)穿上裙子,代表著自己的國家和自己的家庭??梢酝茰y出裙子代表著人們的自豪。故選A。31.句意:人們在特殊的日子會(huì)穿裙子,像婚禮和傳統(tǒng)體育賽事。small小的;unimportant不重要的;special特殊的;difficult困難的?;槎Y和傳統(tǒng)體育賽事都是些特別的日子,故選C。32.句意:裙子的顏色也代表著一個(gè)人的家庭歷史。country國家;work工作;education教育;family家庭。由后句:EachScottishfamilyhasadifferentpattern.每一個(gè)蘇格蘭家庭有一個(gè)不同的圖案。故選D。33.句意:因此,蘇格蘭人不得穿著他們的國服,而且是他們家庭的驕傲。but但是,表示轉(zhuǎn)折;and并且,表示并列;or或者,表示選擇;yet然而。notonly…but(also)…:不但……,而且……。固定搭配,故選A。34.句意:今天,時(shí)尚設(shè)計(jì)師們正盡力使裙子看起來更現(xiàn)代、更時(shí)尚以吸引更多的眼睛。feel感覺,摸起來;smell聞起來;look看起來;sound聽起來。由“tocatchmoreeyes.”(吸引更多的眼睛)可知是“看起來”,故選C。35.句意:除了布料外,設(shè)計(jì)者在嘗試一些其它的像紙和皮革等材料。other別的,其它的,跟在名詞前面作定語;another指不確定數(shù)目中的再一個(gè),另一個(gè);others其它的人或物,代詞,后不跟名詞;else別的,其它的,跟在不定代詞及疑問詞之后。本句修飾名詞materials,故選A。36.B37.C38.A39.D40.C41.B42.A43.C44.D45.A【解析】【分析】文章主要講述了作者在法國最大的挑戰(zhàn)是學(xué)會(huì)如何在餐桌上舉止得體,詳細(xì)介紹了法國的一些風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。36.句意:我最大的挑戰(zhàn)是學(xué)習(xí)如何在餐桌上表現(xiàn)得體。in在……里;at在;before在……之前;behind在……后面。atthedinnertable“在餐桌上”,固定用法。故選B。37.句意:就像你想象的那樣,事情和在家里是非常不一樣的。thesameas和……一樣;famousfor因?yàn)椤?;differentfrom和……不同;similarto和……相似。根據(jù)下文舉例可知兩個(gè)地方的風(fēng)俗是不一樣的。故選C。38.句意:例如,你不能把面包放到你的盤子上。bread面包;schoolbag書包;clothes衣服;basketball籃球。根據(jù)“you’renotsupposedtoputyour...onyourplate”可知能放到盤子里的只能是面包。故選A。39.句意:你應(yīng)該把它放到桌子上。this這個(gè);that那個(gè);them它們;it它。根據(jù)“you’renotsupposedtoputyour...onyourplate.You’resupposedtoput...onthetable”可知此處代指“bread”,不可數(shù)名詞用it代替。故選D。40.句意:我剛開始認(rèn)為那很奇怪,但是現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了。and和;though雖然;but但是;because因?yàn)?。根?jù)“Ithoughtthatwasprettystrangeatfirst...nowI’musedtoit”可知前后兩個(gè)句子是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,用but。故選C。41.句意:另一個(gè)例子是你不應(yīng)該用手吃任何東西,除了面包。and和;except除……之外;without沒有;only僅僅。根據(jù)“Anotherexampleisthatyou’renotsupposedtoeatanythingwithyourhands...bread”可知除了面包用手吃,其他的東西都不能用手吃。故選B。42.句意:還有一個(gè)事是說你吃飽了是不禮貌的。impolite不禮貌的;impossible不可能;interesting有趣的;humorous幽默的。根據(jù)“Ifyoudon’twantanymore...”可知說吃飽是不禮貌的。故選A。43.句意:如果你不想要食物,你應(yīng)該說:“那很美味?!県elp幫助;room空間;food食物;time時(shí)間。根據(jù)“Ifyoudon’twantanymore...youshouldjustsay,“Thatwasdelicious”可知這里指食物很美味。故選C。44.句意:你不應(yīng)該把你的手肘放在桌子上。plates盤子;knives刀;forks叉;elbows肘。根據(jù)“you’renotsupposedtoputyour...onthetable”可知此處是法國和家鄉(xiāng)的風(fēng)俗的不同,故很可能是不能把胳膊肘放到桌子上。故選D。45.句意:我必須要說我發(fā)現(xiàn)記住所有事很困難。everything所有事;anything任何事;something一些事;nothing沒有事。根據(jù)“IhavetosaythatIfinditdifficulttoremember...butI’mgraduallygettingusedtoit”可知記住所有事很難。故選A。46.C47.B48.A49.B50.C51.A52.B53.C54.B55.C【解析】【分析】本文主要介紹了中西方在餐館吃飯、付款等飲食文化和習(xí)慣方面的不同,所以在不同的地方要遵守不同的禮儀,知道什么該做和什么不該做很重要。46.句意:當(dāng)你去世界各地的餐館吃飯時(shí),知道做什么對(duì)和做什么不對(duì)是很重要的。popular受歡迎的;difficult困難的;important重要的。根據(jù)前一句“Aroundtheworld,peoplehavedifferentideasaboutwhatgoodmannersare.”和常識(shí)以及下文的舉例可知,世界各地對(duì)好的禮儀看法不一,所以入鄉(xiāng)隨俗很重要。故選C。47.句意:例如,在中國,在餐館里制造很大的噪音是可以的。cause引起;make制造;hear聽到。結(jié)合語境和常識(shí)可知中國人在飯店吃飯通常比較熱鬧,聲音也大,所以本句用短語“makenoise發(fā)出噪音”。故選B。48.句意:事實(shí)上,如果一家餐廳既不嘈雜也不熱鬧,你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為它有問題。lively熱鬧的;friendly友好的;lucky幸運(yùn)的。根據(jù)空前“noisyand”和常識(shí)可知,and連接兩個(gè)并列的成分,中國人認(rèn)為餐館應(yīng)該是一個(gè)嘈雜熱鬧、充滿生氣的地方。故選A。49.句意:然而,在許多西方國家,餐館是安靜的地方。noisy嘈雜的;quiet安靜的;busy忙碌的。根據(jù)上下文“Forexample,inChinait’sOKtomakealotofnoiseinarestaurant…However,inmanywesterncountries”和“Ifpeopleatatabletalktooloud,otherpeoplewhoareeatingtheremighteven…totheowneroftherestaurant.”可知中西方文化不同,中國人喜歡熱鬧,而西方人在公共場合希望安靜,高談闊論可能會(huì)引起別人的投訴。故選B。50.句意:如果餐桌上的人說話太大聲,其他在那里吃飯的人甚至可能向餐館的老板投訴。shout喊叫;explain解釋;complain投訴。結(jié)合語境和前一句“However,inmanywesterncountries,restaurantsarequietplaces.”可知西方的餐館通常安靜,所以大聲說話可能會(huì)引起他人的不滿,從而向飯店老板投訴。故選C。51.句意:在中國,一個(gè)人通常為所有人買單。everybody每個(gè)人;nobody沒有人;somebody某些人。結(jié)合語境和常識(shí)可知中國人請客吃飯,通常是一個(gè)人付款,請所有人。故選A。52.句意:在西方國家,如果他或她招待客人,一個(gè)人付錢,但當(dāng)朋友一起吃飯時(shí),他們通常分?jǐn)傎M(fèi)用。until直到;when在……時(shí)候;unless除非。結(jié)合語境可知在西方國家,朋友一起吃飯時(shí),通常平分賬單,這里用when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。故選B。53.句意:此外,當(dāng)西方人付賬時(shí),他們通常會(huì)留下一些錢給服務(wù)員。gatekeeper看門人;seller賣方;waiter服務(wù)員。結(jié)合語境和下文“Thisiscalled‘leavingatip’.IntheU.S.,it’s…toleavetipsof10%,15%,or20%ofthebill,whichisdecidedbyhowgoodtheserviceis.”可知,西方人通常會(huì)取決于服務(wù)的好壞給服務(wù)員小費(fèi)。故選C。54.句意:在美國,小費(fèi)為賬單的10%、15%或20%是很常見的,這取決于服務(wù)的好壞。terrible糟糕的;common普遍的;serious嚴(yán)重的。結(jié)合語境和常識(shí)可知在美國,顧客在消費(fèi)后通常都會(huì)給服務(wù)員小費(fèi)。故選B。55.句意:人們吃食物的方式在世界不同的地方是不一樣的,但你可以在許多國家找到相同的食物。invent發(fā)明;discover發(fā)現(xiàn);find找到。根據(jù)下一句“ChineseandIndianfoods,forexample,arepopularallovertheworld.”可知雖然人們的飲食方式不同,但像中國和印度的食物在全世界都受歡迎,因而還是可以在不同的國家找到相同種類的食物。故選C。56.A57.B58.D59.C60.D61.B62.A63.D64.A65.C【解析】【分析】文中主要講述了中國人和英國人在午餐時(shí)間不同的活動(dòng)。56.句意:在一個(gè)忙碌的上午工作之后,午餐時(shí)間給了我一個(gè)做很多事情的機(jī)會(huì),比如鍛煉身體,看書或者看電視。suchas例如;asif好像;aswell也;eventhough即使;根據(jù)“exercise,readingorwatchingTV”可知,這里是舉例可以做的一些事情,故選A。57.句意:我注意到英國和中國之間的一個(gè)文化差異是我們在午餐時(shí)間所做的事情。from從……;during在……期間;since自從……;to朝;根據(jù)“whatwedo...lunchtime”可知,此處指的是“在午餐期間”,故選B。58.句意:在中國,工人們的午休時(shí)間更長,這使他們有足夠的時(shí)間小睡一會(huì)兒。little幾乎沒有;much很多;few幾乎沒有;enough足夠;根據(jù)“workershavelongerlunchbreaks”可知,人們有足夠的時(shí)間午休,故選D。59.句意:我經(jīng)??吹缴习嘧迮吭谵k公桌上。farmers農(nóng)民;teachers老師;workers工人;nurses護(hù)士;根據(jù)“Once,Ievensawworkersinarestauranttakingshortnapsaswell.”可知,此處指的是officeworkers“上班族”,故選C。60.句意:這在中國學(xué)生中也很常見。excited興奮的;interesting有趣的;difficult困難的;common普遍的;根據(jù)“Afterlunch,theywillgobacktotheirdormitories(宿舍)orclassroomtotakeanap.”可知,午休在學(xué)生中也很常見,故選D。61.句意:中國人認(rèn)為,中午小睡會(huì)讓他們下午感覺更有活力。take拿;believe相信;have有;need需要;根據(jù)“thatashortnapatnooncanhelpthemfeelmoreenergetic(精力充沛的)intheafternoon.”可知,這里表達(dá)的是“中國人認(rèn)為……”,故選B。62.句意:英國學(xué)
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