2023年考研英語(yǔ)二真題及解析

2023年全國(guó)碩士碩士入學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)（二）試題

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWER

SHEET.(10points)

Thinnerisn'talwaysbetter.Anumberofstudieshave1___thatnormal-weightpeopleareinfactathigherriskof

somediseasescomparedtothosewhoareoverweight.Andtherearehealthconditionsforwhichbeingoverweightisactually

___2___.Forexample,heavierwomenarelesslikelytodevelopcalciumdeficiencythanthinwomen.____3_amongthe

elderly,beingsomewhatoverweightisoftenan___4___ofgoodhealth.

Ofevengreater___5___isthefactchatobesityturnsouttobeverydifficulttodefine.Itisoftendefined_______6_body

massindex,orBMI.BMI___7_bodynassdividedbythesquareofheight.AnadultwithaBMIof18to25isoften

consideredtobenormalweight.Between25and30isoverweight.Andover3()isconsideredobese.Obesity,___8___,can

bedividedintomoderatelyobese,severelyobese,andveryseverelyobese.

Whilesuchnumericalstandardsseem9,theyarcnot.Obesityisprobablylessamatterofweightthanbodyfat.Some

peoplev/ithahighBMIareinfactextremelyfit,1()otherswithalowBMImaybeinpoor11.Forexample,manycollegiate

andprofessionalfootballplayers12asobese,(hough(heirpercentagebodyfatislow.Conversely,someonewithasmall

framemayhavehighbodyfatbuta13BMI.

Todaywehavea(an)_14_tolabelobesityasadisgrace.Theoverweightaresometimes_15_inthemediawiththeir

facescovered.Stereotypes_16_withobesityincludelaziness,lackofwillpower,andlowerprospectsfor

succcss.Tcachcrs,employers,andhealthprofessionalshavebeenshowntoharborbiasesagainsttheobese._17_vcryyoung

childrentendtolookdownontheoverweight,andteasingaboutbodybuildhaslongbeenaprobleminschools.

Negativeattitudestowardobesity,_18_inhealthconcerns,havestimulatedanumberofanti-obesity_19_.Myown

hospitalsystemhasbannedsugarydrinksfromitsfacilities.Manyemployershaveinstitutedweightlossandfitness

initiatives.MichelleObamalaunchedahigh-visibilitycampaign_20_childhoodobesity,evenclaimingthatitrepresentsour

greatestnationalsecuritythreat.

1.|A]denied|B|concluded[C]doubled[D]ensured

2.|A]protective|B|dangerous[CJsufficientID]troublesome

3.[A]Instead[B]However[C]Likewise[D]Therefore

4.[A]indicator[B]objective[C]origin[D]example

5.[A]impact[B]relevance[C]assistance[D]concern

6.[A]intermsof|B]incaseof[C]infavorof[D]inof

7.[A]measuresfB]determines[Clequals[D]modifies

8.[A]inessence|B]incontrast[C]inturn[D]inpart

9.[A|complicated|B]conservative[C|variable[D]straightforward

10.[A]so[B]while[C]sincefD]unless

11.[Alshape(Blspirit[Clbalance[DItaste

12.[AJstart[B]quality[C]retire[D]stay

13.[A]strange[B]changeable[C]normal[D]constant

14.[A]option[B]reason[C]opportunity[D]tendency

15.[A]employed[B]pictured[C]imitated[D]monitored

16.[A]computed[B]combined[C]settledfD]associated

17.[A]Even[B]Still[C]Yet[D]Only

18.[A]despised[B]corrected[C]ignored[D]grounded

19.[A]discussions[Blbusinesses[C]policies[D]studies

20.[A]for[B]against[Clwith[D]without

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Markyour

answersonANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

Whatwouldyoudowith$59()m?ThisisnowaquestionforGloriaMackenzie,an84ycaroldwidowwhorecently

emergedfromhersmall,tinroofedhouseinFloridatocollectthebiggestundividedlotteryjackpotinhistory.Ifshehopes

hernewfoundfortunewillyieldlastingfeelingsoffulfillment,shecoulddoworsethanreadHappyMoneybyElizabeth

DumnandMichaelNorton.

Thesetwoacademicsuseanarrayofbehavioralresearchtoshowthatthemostrewardingwaystospendmoneycanbe

counterintuitive.Fantasiesofgreatwealthofteninvolvevisionsoffancycarsandextravaganthomes.Yetsatisfactionwith

thesematerialpurchaseswearsofffairlyquickly.Whatwasonceexcitingandnewbecomesoldhat;regretcreepsin.Itisfar

beltertospendmoneyonexperiences,sayMs.DuninandMr.Norton,likeinterestingtrips,uniquemealsorevengoingto

thecinema.Thesepurchasesoftenbecomemorevaluablewithtime—asstoriesormemories—particularlyiftheyinvolve

feelingmoreconnectedtoothers.

Thisslimvolumeispackedwithtipstohelpwageslavesaswellaslotterywinnersgetthemost"happinessbangfor

yourbuck.^^Itseemsmostpeoplewouldbebetteroffiftheycouldshortentheircommutestowork,spendmoretimewith

friendsandfamilyandlessofitwatchingtelevision(somethingtheaverageAmericanspendsawhoppingtwomonthsayear

doing,andishardlyjollierforit).Buyinggiftsorgivingtocharityisoftenmorepleasurablethanpurchasingthingsfor

oneself,andluxuriesaremostenjoyablewhentheyareconsumedsparingly.ThisisapparentlythereasonMacDonald's

restrictstheavailabilityofitspopularMcRib-amarketingtrickthathasturnedtheporksandwichintoanobjectof

obsession.

ReadersofHappyMoneyarcclearlyaprivilegedlot,anxiousaboutfulfillment,nothunger.Moneymaynotquitebuy

happiness,butpeopleinwealthiercountriesaregenerallyhappierthanthoseinpoorones.Yetthelinkbetweenfeelinggood

andspendingmoneyonotherscanbeseenamongrichandpoorpeoplearoundtheworld,andscarcityenhancesthepleasure

ofmostthingsformostpeople.Noteveryonewillagreewiththeauthors5policyideas,whichrangefrommandatingmore

holidaylime(oreducingtaxincentivesforAmericanhomebuyers.Butmostpeoplewillcomeawayfrom(hisbookbelieving

itwasmoneywellspent.

21.AccordingtoDumnandNorton,whichofthefollowingisthemostrewardingpurchase?

[A]Abighouse.[B]Aspecialtour.[C]Astylishcar.[D|Arichmeal.

22.Theauthor'sattitudetowardAmericans,watchingTVis.

[A]critical[B]supportive[C]sympathetic[D]ambiguous

23.McRibismentionedinParagraph3toshowthat.

[AJconsumersarcsometimesirrational|B]popularityusuallyconicsafterquality

[C]marketingtricksarcaftereffective[D]raritygenerallyincreasespleasure

24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,HappyMoney.

[A]hasleftmuchroomforreaders,criticism(B]mayprovetobeaworthwhilepurchase

[C]haspredictedawiderincomegapintheUS[D]maygiveitsreadersasenseofachievement

25.Thistextmainlydiscusseshowto

[A|balancefeelinggoodandspendingmoney[B|spendlargesumsofmoneywoninlotteries

[C]obtainlastingsatisfactionfrommoneyspent|D|becomemorereasonableinspendingonluxuries

Text2

AnarticleinScientificAmericahaspointedoutthatempiricalresearchsaysthat,actually,youthinkyou'remore

beautifulthanyouare.Wehaveadeepseatedneedtofeelgoodaboutourselvesandwenaturallyemployanumberofself-

enhancingstrategicstoresearchintowhattheycallthe“aboveaverageeffect”,or^illusorysuperiority”,andshownthat,for

example,70%ofusrateourselvesasaboveaverageinleadership,93%indrivingand85%atgettingonwellwithothers

allobviouslystatisticalimpossibilities.

Weroselintourmemoriesandputourselvesintoselfaffirmingsituations.Webecomedefensivewhencriticized,and

applynegativestereotypestootherstoboostourownesteem,westalkaroundthinkingwe'rehotstuff.

PsychologistandbehavioralscientistNicholasEpleyoversawakeystudyingintoselfenhancementandattractiveness.

Ratherthathavepeoplesimplyratetheirbeautycompresswithothers,heaskedthemtoidentifyanoriginalphotographof

themselves5fromalineupincludingversionsthathadbeenalteredtoappearmoreandlessattractive.Visualrecognition,

readsthestudy,is“anautomaticpsychologicalprocessoccurringrapidlyandintuitivelywithlittleornoapparentconscious

deliberation''.Ifthesubjectsquicklychoseafalselyflatteringimage一whichmustdid—theygenuinelybelieveditwasreally

howtheylooked.

Epleyfoundnosignificantgenderdifferenceinresponses.Norwasthereanyevidencethat,thosewhoselfcnhanccthe

must(thatis,theparticipantswhothoughtthemostpositivelydoctoredpicturewerereal)weredoingsotomakeupfor

profoundinsecurities.Infactthosewhotlioughtthattheimageshigheruptheattractivenessscalewererealdirectly

correspondedwiththosewhoshowedochermakersforhavinghigherselfesteem.don'tthinkthefindingsthatwehaving

havearcanyevidenceofpersonaldclusion^^,saysEpley."It'sareflectionsimplyofpeoplegenerallythinkingwellof

themselves\Ifyouaredepressed,youwon'tbeselfenhancing.

Knowing(heresultsofEpley'sstudy,itmakessensethatwhypeoplehealphotographsofthemselvesviscerally-on

onelevel,theydon'tevenrecognizethepersoninthepictureasthemselves.Facebooktherefore,isaselfenhancer'sparadise,

wherepeoplecanshareonlythemostflatteringphotos,thecreamoftheirwit,style,beauty,intellectandlifestyles.“It'snot

thatpeople'sprofilesaredishonest”,saysCatalinaTomaofWiscon—Madisonuniversity,“buttheyportrayanidealized

versionofthemselves.

26.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,socialpsychologistshavefoundthat.

[AJourselfratingsarcunrealisticallyhigh|B]illusorysuperiorityisabaselesseffect

[C]ourneedforleadershipisunnatural[D]selfenhancingstrategiesareineffective

27.Visualrecognitionisbelievedtobepeople's.

[A]rapidwatching[B]consciouschoice[C]imuiiiveresponse[D]auiomaiicselfdefence

28.Epleyfoundthatpeoplewithhigherselfesteemtendedto.

[A]underestimatetheirinsecurities[B]believeintheirattractiveness

[C]coveruptheirdepressions[D|oversimplifytheirillusions

29.Theword“viscendly”(Line2,Para.5)isclosestinmeaningto.

[A]instinctively[B]occasionally[C]particularly[D]aggressively

30.ItcanbeinferredthatFacebookissclfcnhancer'sparadisebecausepeoplecan.

[A]presenttheirdishonestprofiles[B]definetheirtraditionallifestyles

[C]sharetheirintellectualpursuits|D]withholdtheirunflatteringsides

Text3

Theconceptofmanversusmachineisatleastasoldastheindustrialrevolution,butthisphenomenontendstobemost

acutelyfeltduringeconomicdownturnsandfragilerecoveries.Andyet,itwouldbeamistaketothinkwearerightnow

simplyexperiencingthepainfulsideofaboomandbustcycle.Certainjobshavegoneawayforgood,outmodedby

machines.Sincetechnologyhassuchaninsatiableappetiteforeatinguphumanjobs,thisphenomenonwillcontinueto

restructureoureconomyinwayswecan'timmediatelyforesee.

Whenthereisrapidimprovementinthepriceandperformanceoftechnology,jobs(hatwereoncethoughttobe

immunefromautomationsuddenlybecomethreatened.Thisargumenthasattractedalotofattention,viathesuccessofthe

bookRaceAgainsttheMachine,byErikBnnjolfssonandAndrewMcAfee,whobothhailfromMIT'sCenterforDigital

Business.

Thisisapowerfulargument,andascaryone.Andyet,JohnHageLauthorofThePowerofPullandotherbooks,says

BrynjolfssonandMcAfccmissthereasonwhythesejobsarcsovulnerabletotechnologyinthefirstplace.

HagelsayswchavedesignedjobsintheU.S.thattendtobe“tightlyscripted”and“highlystandardized''onesthat

leavenoroomfbr“individualinitiativeorcreativity?'Inshort,thesearethetypesofjobsthatmachinescanperformmuch

beneratthanhumanbeings.Thaiishowwehaveputagiamtargetsignon【hebacksofAmericanworkers,Hagelsays.

ICslime(oreinvent(heformulaforhowworkisconducted,sincewearestillrelyingonavery20(hcenturynotionof

work,Hagelsays.Inourrapidlychangingeconomy,wemorethaneverneedpeopleintheworkplacewhocantakeinitiative

andexercisetheirimagination“torespondtounexpectedevents.^^That'snotsomethingmachinesaregoodat.Theyare

designedtoperformverypredictableactivities.

AsHagelnotes,BrynjolfssonandMcAfeeindeedtouchedonthispointintheirbook.Weneedtoreframeraceagainst

themachineasracewiththemachine.Inotherwords,wcneedtolookatthewaysinwhichmachinescanaugmenthuman

laborratherthanreplaceit.Sothentheproblemisnotreallyabouttechnology,butrather,“howdoweinnovateour

institutionsandourworkpracticcs?^^

31.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,economicdownturnswould.

[A]casethecompetitionofmanvs.Machine[B]highlightmachines'threattohumanjobs

[C]provokeapainfultechnologicalrevolution[D]outmodeourcurrenteconomicstructure

32.TheauthorsofRaceAgainsttheMachinearguethat.

[A]technologyisdiminishingmanrsjobopportunities[B|automationisacceleratingtechnologicaldevelopment

[C]certainjobswillremainintactafterautomation[D]manwillfinallywintheraceagainstmachine

33.HagelarguesihatjobsintheU.S.areoften.

[A|performedbyinnovativeminds[B]scriptedwithanindividualstyle

[C]standardizedwithoutacleartarget[D]designedagainsthumancreativity

34.Accordingtothelastparagraph,Bryr.jolfssonandMcAfeediscussed.

[A]thepredictabilityofmachinebehavicrinpractice

[B|theformulaforhowworkisconductedefficiently

[C]thewaysmachinesreplacehumanlaborinmoderntimes

[DIthenecessityofhumaninvolvementintheworkplace

35.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethemostappropriatetitlefbrthetext?

[A]HowtoInnovateOurWorkPractices?(B]MachineswillReplaceHumanLabor

[C]CanWeWintheRaceAgainstMachines?[D]EconomicDownturnsStimulateInnovations

Text4

Whenthegovernmenttalksaboutinfrastructurecontributingtotheeconomythefocusisusuallyonroads,railways,

broadbandandenergy.Housingisseldommentioned.

Whyis(hat?Tosomeextentthehousingsectormuslshoulder(heblame.Wehavenotbeengooda(communicalingthe

realvalue(hathousingcancontributetoeconomicgrowth.Then(hereisthescaleofthetypicalhousingproject.Itishard(o

shoveforattentionamongmultibillionpoundinfrastructureproject,soitisinevitablethattheattentionisfccusedelsewhere.

Butperhapsthemostsignificantreasonisthattheissuehasalwaysbeensopoliticallycharged.

Nevertheless,theaffordablehousingsituationisdesperate.Waitinglistsincreaseallthetimeandwearcsimplynot

buildingenoughnewhomes.

Thecomprehensivespendingreviewoffersanopportunityforthegovernmenttohelprectifythis,itneedstoput

historicalprejudicestoonesideandtakesomesteps(oaddressoururgenthousingneed.

Therearesomeindicationsthatitispreparingtodojustthat.Thecommunitiesminister,DonFoster,hashintedthat

GeorgeOsborne,ChancelloroftheExchequer,mayintroducemoreflexibilitylothecurrentcapontheamount(hatlocal

authoritiescanborrowagainsttheirhousingstockdebt.Evidenceshowsthat60.000extranewhomescouldbebuiltoverthe

nextfiveyearsifthecapwerelifted,increasingGDPby0.6%.

Ministersshouldalsolookatcreatinggreatercertaintyintherentalenvironment,whichwouldhaveasignificantimpacton

theabilityofregisteredproviderstofundnewdevelopmentsfromrevenues.

Butitisnotjustdowntothegovernment.Whilethesemeasureswouldbewelcomeintheshortterm,wcmustfaceup

tothefactthattheexisting￡4.5bnprogrammeofgrantstofundnewaffordablehousing,settoexpirein2023,isunlikely

tobeextendedbeyondthen.TheLabourpartyhasrecentlyannouncedthatitwillretainalargepartofthecoalition's

spendingplansifreturnsiopower.Thehousingsectorneedstoacceptihatweareveryunlikelyioeverreturnioeraoflarge-

scalepublicgrants.Weneedtoadjusttothischangingclimate.

Whilethegovernment'scommitmenttolong-termfundingmayhavechanged,(heverypressingneedformore

affordablehousingisrealandisnotgoingaway.

36.Theauthorbelievesthatthehousingsector.

[A]hasattractedmuchattention[B]involvescertainpoliticalfactors

[C]shoulderstoomuchresponsibility(D]haslostitsrealvalueineconomy

37.Itcanbelearnedthataffordablehousinghas.

[A]increaseditshomesupply[B]offeredspendingopportunities

[C]sufferedgovernmentbiases(D]disappointedthegovernment

38.AccordingtoParagraph5,GeorgeOsbornemay.

[A]allowgreatergovernmentdebtforhousing[B]stoplocalau:horitiesfrombuildinghomes

[C]preparetoreducehousingstockdebt[D]releasealiftedGDPgrowthforecast

39.Itcanbeinferred(hatastablerentalenvironmentwould.

[Allower(hecostsofregisteredproviders[B]lessentheimpactofgovernmentinterference

[C]contributetofundingnewdevelopments[D|relievetheministersofresponsibilities

40.Theauthorbelievesthatafter2023,thegovernmentmay.

[A]implementmorepoliciestosupporthousing[B]reviewtheneedforlargescalepublicgrants

[C]renewtheaffordablehousinggrantsprogramme[D]stopgenerousfundingtothehousingsector

PartB

Directions:

Readthefollowingtextandmatcheachofthenumbereditemsintheleftcolumntoitscorresponding

informationintherightcolumn.Therearctwoextrachoicesintherightcolumn.Markyouranswersonthe

ANSWERSHEET.(10points)

EmerginginthelateSixtiesandreachingapeakin(heSeventies,LandArtwasoneofarangeofnewforms,including

BodyArt,PerformanceArt,ActionArtandInstallationArt,whichpushedartbeyondthetraditionalconfinesof(hestudio

andgallery.Ratherthanportrayinglandscape,landartistsusedthephysicalsubstanceofthelanditselfastheirmedium.

TheBritishLandArt,typifiedbyLong'spiece,wasnotonlymoredomesticallyscaled,butalotquirkierthanits

Americancounterpart.

Indeed,whileyoumightassumethatanexhibitionofLandArtwouldconsistonlyofrecordsofworksratherthanthe

worksthemselves,Long'sphotographofhisworkisthework.Sincehis“action“isinthepast,thephotographisitssole

embodiment.

Thatmightseemratheranobscurepoint,butitsetsthetoneforanexhibitionthatcontainsalotofblackandwhitc

photographsandrelativelyfewnaturalobjects.

LongisBritain'sbestknownLandArtistandhisStoneCircle,aperfectringofpurplishrocksfromPortisheadbeach

laidoutonthegalleryfloor,representstheelegant,rarefiedsideoftheform.TheBoyleFamily,ontheotherhand,standsfor

itsdirty,urbanaspect.ComprisingartistsMarkBoyleandJoanHillsandtheirchildren,theyrecreatedrandomsectionsof

theBritishlandscapeongallerywalls.TheirOlafStreetStudy,asquareofbrickslrewnwasteground,isoneof(hefewworks

heretoembracethecommonplacenessthatcharacterisesmostofourexperienceofthelandscapemostofthetime.

Parksfeature,particularlyintheearlierworks,suchasJohnHilliard'sveryfunnyAcrossthePark,inwhichalong-

hairedslrollerisvariouslysmiledatbyaprettygirlandunwittinglyassauitedinasequenceofimagesthatturnouttobe

differentpartsofthesamephotograph.

GenerallyhoweverBritishlandartistspreferredtogetawayfromtov/ns,gravitatingtowardslandscapesthatarc

traditionallyconsideredbeautifulsuchastheLakeDistrictortheWiltshireDowns.Whileitprobablywasn'tapparentatthe

time,muchofthisworkispermeatedbyaspiritofromanticescapismthatthelikesofWordsworthwouldhavereadily

understood.DerekJarman'syellowiimedfilmTowardsAvebury,acollectionoflong,mostlystillshoesoftheWillshire

landscape,evokesatraditionofEnglishlandscapepaintingstretchingfromSamuelPalmertoPaulNash.

InthecaseofHamishFulton,youcan'thelpfeelingthattheScottishartisthassimplyfoundawayofmakinghisloveof

walkingpay.Atypicalwork,suchasSevenDays,consistsofasinglebeautifulblackandwhitcphotographtakenonanepic

walk,withthemileageandnumberofdaystakenlistedbeneath.BritishL-indArtasshowninthiswellselected,but

relativelymodestlyscaledexhibitionwasn'taboutimposingonthelandscape,moreakindoflandscapeorientatedlight

conceptualartcreatedpassingthrough.Ithaditsoriginsinthegreatoutdeors,buttheresultswereasgalleryboundasthe

paintingsofTurnerandConstable.

[A]originatesfionialungwalkthattheailisllook.

41.StoneCircle|B|illustratesakindoflandscape-orientatedlightconceptualart

42.OlafStreetStudy[CJremindspeopleoftheEnglishlandscapepaintingtradition.

43.AcrossthePark[DIrepresentstheeleganceoftheBritishlandart

44.TowardsAvebury|E]depictstheordinarysideoftheBritishlandart

45.Sevendays(F]embodiesaromanticescapeintotheScottishoutdoors

[G1containsimagesfromdifferentpartsofthesamephotograph.

SectionIIITranslation

Directions:

TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET.(15points)

Mostpeoplewoulddefineoptimismasendlesslyhappy,withaglassthat'sperpetuallyhalfRill.Butthat'sexactlythe

kindofJalsecheerfulnessthatpositivepsychologistswouldn,trecommend.ltHcalthyoptimismmeansbeingintouchwith

reality,“saysTaiBen-Shahar,aHarvardprofessor.AccordingtoBen-Shahar,realisticoptimistsarethosewhomake(hebest

ofthingsthathappen,butnotthosewhobelieveeverythinghappensforthebest.

Ben-Shaharusesthreeoptimisticexercisers.Whenhefeelsdown--say,aftergivingabadlecture------hegrants

himselfpermissiontobehuman.HeremindshimselfthatnoteverylecturecanbeaNobelwinner;somewillbeless

effectivethanothers.Nextisreconstruction.

Heanalyzestheweaklecture,leaninglessonsfbrthefiitureaboutwhatworksandwhatdoesn't.Finally,thereis

perspective,whichinvolvesacknowledgingthatinthegrandschemeoflife,onelecturereallydoesn'tmatter.

SectionIVWriting

PartA

47.Directions:

SupposeyouaregoingtostudyabroadandshareanapartmentwithJohn,alocalstudent.Writehimtoemailto

1)tellhimaboutyourlivinghabits,and

2)askforadviceaboutlivingthere.

Youshouldwriteabout1(X)wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotuseyourownname.Use“LiMing,?instead.

Donotwriteyouraddress.(10points)

PartB

48.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting.Youshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.(I5points)

2023年全國(guó)碩士碩士招生考試英語(yǔ)（二）答案詳解

SectionIUseofEnglish

文章分析

本文是一篇有關(guān)肥胖與健康關(guān)系新說(shuō)法的議論文。第一段引出作者對(duì)身材的見(jiàn)解：并不是越瘦就證明人

越健康，第二段中作者簡(jiǎn)介了一種定義肥胖癥日勺指標(biāo)BML,第三段中作者指出BMI其實(shí)揭示內(nèi)是人體H勺脂肪

量，并不是闡明身材好壞的指數(shù)。第四段中講述了整個(gè)社會(huì)其實(shí)會(huì)給肥胖者貼上消極標(biāo)簽，無(wú)論是在電視節(jié)

目中還是在孩子們歐I心目中，胖人的形象總是與消極聯(lián)絡(luò)起來(lái)。最終一段講述了人們以健康的角度去考慮肥

胖的影響，和已經(jīng)采用的J某些對(duì)抗肥胖口勺種種方略。

試題解析

Thinnerisn'talwaysbetter.Anurrberofstudieshave_1—thatnormalweightpeopleareinfactalhigherriskof

somediseasescomparedtothosewhoareoverweight.Andtherearehealthyconditionsforwhichbeingoverweightis

actually_2_.Forexample,heavierwomenarelesslikelytodevelopcalciumdeficiencythanthinwomen._3_,

amongtheelderly,beingsomewhatoverweightisoftenan_4—ofgoodhealth.

【譯文】太瘦也不總是好事。某些研究已經(jīng)得出結(jié)論：正常體重H勺人實(shí)際上比某些超重的人更輕易患上某些

疾病。有些肥胖對(duì)健康尚有保護(hù)作用。例如稍微超重的女性跟消瘦H勺女性相比，不易受到鈣質(zhì)缺乏H勺影響。

同樣H勺，在老年人中，一定程度上超重是身體健康的標(biāo)志。

I.

[A]denied否認(rèn)

[B]concluded得出結(jié)論

?doubled兩倍,加倍努力

[D]ensured保證

【答案】B

【考點(diǎn)】詞義辨析

【直擊答案】空格所在句意為“?系列H勺研究已經(jīng)________,實(shí)際上，正常體重的人患病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)要高于超重H勺

人”。根據(jù)句義，背面的部分實(shí)際上是研究結(jié)論，因此B項(xiàng)concluded符合題意。

【命題思緒】本題根據(jù)上下文所給信息判斷答案，同步也考察考生對(duì)相近含義的詞匯辨析。

【干擾排除】A項(xiàng)denied“否認(rèn)”，與原文意義相反;C項(xiàng)doubled“翻倍”，與題意較遠(yuǎn);D項(xiàng)ensured“保

證”，不符合題意，由于研究不能保證背面的事實(shí)，只能得出背面口勺事實(shí)作為結(jié)論。

2.

[A]prolective防護(hù)的J,保護(hù)的I

[B]dangerous危險(xiǎn)的I

[C]sufficient足夠時(shí)，充足的

[D]troublesome麻煩的

【答案】A

【考點(diǎn)】詞義辨析

【直擊答案】空格所在句意為“對(duì)于某些健康狀況，超重實(shí)際上是有“。根據(jù)前文研究的結(jié)論，下

文口勺舉例闡明是對(duì)該句的詳細(xì)論述。綜上可知，超重能減少罹患疾病H勺風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，闡明超重具有一定H勺保護(hù)作

用。

【命題思緒】本題根據(jù)上下文所給信息判斷答案，同步也考察考生對(duì)形容詞日勺辨析。

【干擾排除】句首以And開頭，闡明在語(yǔ)義上該句與上一句是并列有關(guān)日勺，強(qiáng)調(diào)肥胖對(duì)健康的好處。B

項(xiàng)dangerous"危險(xiǎn)口勺”，與文章意思相反；C項(xiàng)sufficient“充足口勺"，D項(xiàng)troublesome"麻煩的!"，不符合

題意。

3.

[A]Instead替代，反而

[B]However然而，不管怎樣

[C]Likewise同樣地

[DITherefore因此

【答案】C

【考點(diǎn)】邏輯關(guān)系

【直擊答案】第四、五句話舉例闡明?！绑w重較重的女人患缺鈣II勺比例低于較瘦的女人。,在老年

人中，一定程度上超重是身體健康的需要填入的是和前半句表達(dá)順接口勺詞語(yǔ)。A項(xiàng)Inslead和B

項(xiàng)However表達(dá)逆接B、J句意關(guān)系，D項(xiàng)Therefore表達(dá)因果關(guān)系。只有C項(xiàng)Likewise“同樣地；也，并且“，

表達(dá)順接關(guān)系，符合題意。

【命題思緒】本題考察對(duì)上下文語(yǔ)義關(guān)系的理解。

【干擾排除】這個(gè)題目的難點(diǎn)在于為何不能將最終一句理解為跟上文相反口勺轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系呢，例如：然而，在老

年人中，一定程度上超重是身體健康的（克星/障礙），不過(guò)下文的第四個(gè)空給的備選詞并沒(méi)有類似括號(hào)里我們

猜測(cè)H勺消極含義詞匯，因此，所猜測(cè)H勺轉(zhuǎn)折語(yǔ)義關(guān)系也不成立，只能選表達(dá)順接關(guān)系的詞匯likewise。

4.

[A]indicaior指標(biāo)

[B]objective目H勺

[CJorigin來(lái)源

[DJexample實(shí)例；例證

【答案】A

【考點(diǎn)】詞義辨析

【直擊答案】空格所在句意為“同樣H勺，一定程度上超重，常常是健康H勺”。根據(jù)前面的文章內(nèi)

容，已經(jīng)明確指出超重代表了健康，因此超重是健康的指標(biāo)。因此對(duì)H勺答案為A項(xiàng)。

【命題,機(jī)緒】本題考察對(duì)卜下文語(yǔ)義H勺對(duì)H勺把握。

【干擾排除】干擾性強(qiáng)的是B項(xiàng)，有考生會(huì)將其理解為“客觀物質(zhì)”，但原文構(gòu)造中此處需要?種名詞，

objective“客觀的”是形容詞，objective作名詞時(shí)意為“目的”,另有考生被形近詞objection“反對(duì)”干擾。

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