2025年譯林版九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)寒假預(yù)習(xí) 專題02 Unit 2　Great people

Unit2Greatpeopleinventor[?n'vent?]n發(fā)明者invent[?n'vent]vt發(fā)明fighter[?fa?t?]n斗士，戰(zhàn)斗者African[??fr?k?n]n非洲人invention[?n'ven??n]n發(fā)明物，創(chuàng)意European[j??r??pi??n]n歐洲人Russian['r???n]n俄羅斯人pilot[?pa?l?t]n飛行員serve[s??v]vi&vt服役；服務(wù)control[k?n?trol]n控制，支配order['??d?]vt.命令，指揮，要求cut…short縮短Pacific[p??s?f?k]adj太平洋的ocean['????n]n海洋land[l?nd]vi&vt使著陸，降落step[step]n&vi一步，步，跨步surface[?s??f?s]n表面，表層pride[pra?d]n驕傲，可引以為豪的人（或事物）passage[?p?s?d?]n章節(jié)，樂(lè)段byhand手工mathematics[m?θ??m?t?ks]數(shù)學(xué)marry['m?ri]vt嫁，娶，與…結(jié)婚Frenchman['frent?m?n]n法國(guó)人laboratory[l??b?r?t?ri]n實(shí)驗(yàn)室discovery[d??sk?v?ri]n發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)物scientist['sa??nt?st]n科學(xué)家widely['wa?dli]adv廣泛地，普遍地magic[?m?d??k]adj有魔力的notsb'scupoftea非某人所好，不合某人心意happento碰巧advantage[?d?vɑ?nt?d?]n優(yōu)勢(shì)，有利條件unit[?ju?n?t]n單位，單元atpresent現(xiàn)在，目前increase[?n'kri?s]vt增加development[d??vel?pm?nt]n發(fā)展考點(diǎn)1.heardofhearof相當(dāng)于hearabout，意為“”，后跟名詞或代詞；hearfrom意為“”。hear意為“聽(tīng)到、聽(tīng)說(shuō)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)聽(tīng)的結(jié)果；listen意為“聽(tīng)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)聽(tīng)的動(dòng)作。hearsb.sth.意為“聽(tīng)到某人正在做某事”，hearsb.sth.意為“聽(tīng)到某人做某事的全過(guò)程”?？键c(diǎn)2.invent動(dòng)詞，意為“發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造”（發(fā)明者；發(fā)明家）（發(fā)明物）考點(diǎn)3.become/beinterestedin意為“對(duì)…感興趣”相當(dāng)于take/haveaninteresterested形容詞“感興趣的”，作表語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是人beinterestedin(doing)IaminterestedinEeresting形容詞“有趣的”，作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是物Thebookisveryerest名詞“興趣”，作主、賓語(yǔ)take/haveaninterestinHismaininterestsarereadingandplayingthepiano.Iaminterestedinreadingthisinterestingbook.考點(diǎn)4.join作動(dòng)詞，意為“加入，參加”。①join+組織/團(tuán)體，表示“加入到某個(gè)組織中并成為其中一員”。Hejoinedthearmyin1990.②join+sb.(indoingsth.)表示“加入到某人當(dāng)中去”。Wouldyouliketojoinusin(playing)thecomputergame?③joinin+某活動(dòng)，表示參加某種活動(dòng),相當(dāng)于takepartin。Collegestudentsjoininmanyactivitiesafterclass.考點(diǎn)5.ontheirwaybacktoonone’swaybackto...意為“在某人返回…的途中”onone’swayto...意為“在某人去...的路上”，to為介詞，其后接副詞時(shí)，應(yīng)省略介詞to?？键c(diǎn)6.control可作名詞可作動(dòng)詞，意為“控制”beyondcontrol意為“”incontrolof意為“”outofcontrol意為“”undercontrol意為“”。考點(diǎn)7.orderorder作名詞,意為“命令,指揮,要求”,也可意為“順序,訂單”。Theoldsocialorderwasgoneforever.order作動(dòng)詞,意為“命令;訂貨;點(diǎn)菜.”Theycanorderwhattheywantonline.cut...short,意為“縮短”Hiscareerwascutshortwhenhediedofcancer.考點(diǎn)8.cut常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)cutdowncutincutoffcutout考點(diǎn)9.furtherfurther可以指更遠(yuǎn)的，或者抽象意義上更深一層的farther距離時(shí)間上更遠(yuǎn)的，較遠(yuǎn)的?？键c(diǎn)10.pridepride作名詞，意為“驕傲”takepridein意為“對(duì)…感到驕傲”相當(dāng)于beof?？键c(diǎn)11.byhand，意為“用手；手工的”【拓展】hand的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)(1)動(dòng)詞handbackhandinhanddownhandonhandouthandup(2)名詞give/lendsb.ahand幫某人一把handinhand手拉手；同時(shí)并存inhand在手頭；在進(jìn)行中；在控制中onhand在手邊（隨時(shí)可用）ontheone(other)hand一方面（另一方面）shakehands握手考點(diǎn)12.Itissaidthat...，意為“據(jù)說(shuō)……”?！就卣埂款愃平Y(jié)構(gòu)(1)Itisbelievedthat...，意為“據(jù)說(shuō)/據(jù)信……”(2)Itisexpectedthat...，意為“據(jù)估計(jì)……”(3)Itisknownthat...，意為“眾所周知/人們認(rèn)為……”(4)Itisreportedthat...，意為“據(jù)報(bào)道……”(5)Itisthoughtthat...，意為“據(jù)估計(jì)/人們認(rèn)為……”考點(diǎn)13.dieofdieof強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)在原因，如疾病，年老，饑餓等；diefrom強(qiáng)調(diào)外部原因，如意外事故，災(zāi)害等。考點(diǎn)14.advantageadvantage作名詞，意為“優(yōu)勢(shì)；優(yōu)點(diǎn)”，反義詞為disadvantage，意為“缺點(diǎn)；劣勢(shì)”。takeadvantageof利用；占便宜havethe/anadvantageover優(yōu)于...考點(diǎn)15.contribution作名詞，意為“貢獻(xiàn)”其動(dòng)詞形式為contribute，意為“貢獻(xiàn)”。makeacontributionto為…做貢獻(xiàn)，這里的to是個(gè)介詞【拓展】常見(jiàn)的帶介詞to的短語(yǔ)be/get/becomeusedtobedevotedtodevoteoneselfto考點(diǎn)16.【辨析】increaseto和increasebyincreaseby指增長(zhǎng)了幾倍或百分之幾，后面加百分?jǐn)?shù)或倍數(shù)。Thefigureisexpectedtoincreaseby20percenteveryyear.increaseto指增長(zhǎng)到了…，后接具體增長(zhǎng)后的數(shù)字。Myweighthasincreasedtoseventyeightkilos.考點(diǎn)17.development作名詞，意為“發(fā)展”withthedevelopmentof意為“在…發(fā)展下，隨著…的發(fā)展”。形容詞為“發(fā)展中的”和“發(fā)達(dá)的”。1.時(shí)態(tài)1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形或第三人稱單數(shù)形式2)一般過(guò)去時(shí):謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式3)一般將來(lái)時(shí):謂語(yǔ)用will/shall/begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形4)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):謂語(yǔ)用am/is/are+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞5)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):謂語(yǔ)用have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞6)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí):謂語(yǔ)用was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞動(dòng)詞主要用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和性質(zhì)，而英語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是指動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)發(fā)生的具體時(shí)間和表現(xiàn)方式。英語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)用動(dòng)詞的不同形式來(lái)表示。英語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞的五種基本形式為:動(dòng)詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)階段習(xí)慣性、周期性、反復(fù)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或者用于描述客觀真理always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never,onSunday,everyday,everyyear,onceamonth,threetimesayear①一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)；Ilikecollectingstamps.②一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作接著一個(gè)動(dòng)作，用來(lái)描述連續(xù)性的事件；Thebellringsandthestudentscomeintoclass.③一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以用來(lái)摘述日常生活和習(xí)慣；Healwaysgoeshomeat6p.m.④一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示按照時(shí)間表或計(jì)劃表所做的事情。Theclassbeginsat2p.m.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，在現(xiàn)階段持續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)atthemoment,now,rightnow,look,listen①現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；Sheislookingafterherbabynow.②現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示幾個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行；Heisdoinghishomeworkandhisfatheriscooking.③現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示在特定時(shí)間段里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；Thismonthheispreparingfortheexam.④現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或安排。Iammeetingsomeoldfriendsafterschool.一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastyear,twomonthsago,in1999①一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者存在的狀態(tài);Hewenthomebycaryesterday.②一般過(guò)去時(shí)可以表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的一系列連續(xù)的動(dòng)作;Hehaddinnerandthendidhishomework.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、過(guò)去同一時(shí)間里同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間段內(nèi)持續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)atthistimeyesterday,from...to...,lastnight①過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；Hewasshoppingat10a.m.yesterday.②過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去同一時(shí)間里同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；Shewasreadingwhilehermotherwastalkingonthephone.③過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)還可以表示過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間段內(nèi)持續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。Wewereplayinggamesthewholeafternoonyesterday.【注意】過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)通常用when和while連接。Hewassleepingwhenhisfathercameback.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常與always等頻度副詞連用，表示過(guò)去頻繁發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，此時(shí)的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常帶有一定的感情色彩。HewasalwaysplayingcomputergameswhenhewasinGrade7.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)描述一個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去，并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或者可能還要延續(xù)到將來(lái)的動(dòng)作①現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去動(dòng)作所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響；Hehasalreadyboughttwocars.②現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)動(dòng)作直到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)發(fā)生了多少次。Hehasbeenheremanytimes.③現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，since與表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用；for與表示時(shí)間段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。IthasbeentwoweekssinceIcamehere.Ihavebeenherefortwoweeks.一.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Ericisasportsfanandalways(follow)thelatestsportsnews.2.—WhatdidyoudoforyourmomonMother’sDay?—I(cook)herabigmeal.Shesaidshewassoproudofme.

3.Whataheavyrain!I’mwonderingifanyonehas(shut)thewindows.4.—Look!Thegirl(cry).

—Let’sseewhathappenedtoher.5.Idon’tknowexactlyhowwe(organize)thesportsmeetingnextmonth,butanyway,webelieveinourselves.

beforenextyear.

7.—Doyouknowhowmuchthemachine(weigh)?

—100kilograms.8.—Icalledyouateightthismorningbuttherewasnoreply.—Oh,sorry.I(work)inthegardenthen.

二.用方框中所給單詞或短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空byhand;rise;divide;leavefor;shoponline9.Thedressisexpensivebecauseitwasmade.10.ThepriceofthehousesinNantongalotoverthepasttwoyears.

11.Wethechildrenintosixgroups.Nowlet’schoosealeaderforeachgroup.12.MymotherwhenIcalledherlastnight.

13.—Where’sMr.Smith?—HeBeijing,soIdohisjobinstead.三.單項(xiàng)選擇14.—Mike,whyareyoustandingoutdoors?—Imykeys.Ihavetowaithereuntilmymothercomesback.

A.havelostB.willloseC.hadlostD.lose15.Thechiefengineerannouncedthattheyaspacelabonthespacestationaroundtheendof2022.

A.havebuiltB.hadbuiltC.willbuildD.wouldbuild16.Whentheteachergotintotheclassroom,Xiaominganovel.A.readB.readsC.isreadingD.wasreading17.Johniswaitingforme.Wetothebookstoretogether.

A.wentB.havegoneC.willgoD.weregoing本單元的話題是“偉人”。在具體的寫作中,學(xué)生應(yīng)做到以下幾點(diǎn):1.掌握描述人物的常用詞匯和句型;2.能根據(jù)提示或按照時(shí)間順序,向他人介紹某個(gè)人物,注意重點(diǎn)突出其事跡;3.能結(jié)合實(shí)際生活,對(duì)人物進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的評(píng)價(jià)。寫作指導(dǎo)本單元的話題是介紹名人。不同的時(shí)代,有不同的名人。學(xué)生在寫此類文章時(shí),首先要注意時(shí)態(tài),通常情況下應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí);其次寫清楚該名人的生平簡(jiǎn)介,最后還應(yīng)該說(shuō)明為什么要寫他/她,他/她身上有哪些值得學(xué)習(xí)的地方,應(yīng)該盡可能地表達(dá)出自己對(duì)該名人的看法及情感。常用短語(yǔ):begoodat擅長(zhǎng)……beinterestedin對(duì)……感興趣lookforwardtodoingsth期望做某事becomeamemberof...成為……的一員encouragesbtodosth鼓勵(lì)某人做某事makeupone’smindtodosth下定決心做某事setagoodexample樹(shù)立一個(gè)好榜樣常用句型:IthinkthegreatestpersoninChina/theworldis...He/Shewasbornon/in...He/Shedevotedhis/herlifetimetowasahard-working/generous/helpful...person.ThatiswhyIadmirehim/hersomuch.例題講解某英文雜志社正面向九年級(jí)畢業(yè)生征文,請(qǐng)從以下要點(diǎn)中選擇一至兩個(gè)方面,并結(jié)合具體事例,用英語(yǔ)寫一篇題為“Thankyou,myteacher!”的短文參加此次活動(dòng)。要點(diǎn)如下:1.嚴(yán)格要求;2.耐心指導(dǎo);3.熱情鼓勵(lì);4.……Thankyou,myteacher!寫作遷移南丁格爾(Nightingale)是一個(gè)心地善良、樂(lè)于助人的人。她一生致力于護(hù)士事業(yè),為了紀(jì)念她,人們把她的生日5月12日定為國(guó)際護(hù)士節(jié)(InternationalNursesDay)。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下面的信息,寫一篇英語(yǔ)短文簡(jiǎn)要介紹她的生平。要求:詞數(shù)80—100,可根據(jù)要點(diǎn)作適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。1820wasborninarichfamily1851wastrainedasanurseDuringthewarsavedmanysoldiers’livesinthefieldhospitalAfterthewarbecameanationalheroine,openedtheworld’sfirstnurseschool1910diedinLondon1912herbirthdaybecameInternationalNursesDayAFamousBritishNurse一一.根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示或英文釋義寫出單詞1.Asa(歐洲)country,Britainhastotallydifferentculturefromours.

2.WeallknowthatEdisonwasoneofthegreatest(發(fā)明者)intheworld.3.Wehavetosaythedishwasherisawonderful(發(fā)明).4.Thelittleboywantstobecomeabrave(someonewhofights)whenhegrowsup.

5.Ifyoucould(producesth.forthefirsttime)somethingnew,whatwouldyoucreate?二.用括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式填空6.WeChineseshouldbeproudofour(invention).7.Inthe1870s,whenMarxwasalreadyinhisfifties,hebegantolearn(Russia).

8.Thisfamouscomposerdreamedof(create)anewkindofmusicwithoutboundaries.

9.WhenyouthinkofVenice,doesitbringanyother(Europe)citiestoyourmind?

10.The(discover)ofthenewmedicinehassavedmillionsofpeopleacrosstheworld.

三.單項(xiàng)選擇11.—IsACMilanEuropeanfootballclub?

—Yes.It’soneofmostsuccessfulclubsinItaly.

A.a;/B.a;theC.an;/D.an;the12.—Look!Theyare.

—Yes.Weareproudofthem.A.manscientistB.womenscientistsC.womanscientistsD.manscientists13.isoneofthefourgreatinventionsofancientChina.

A.ThecarB.ThetrainC.Paper-makingD.Thecomputer14.Withtheoftherobot,peoplewillhavemorefreetimetorelax.

A.situationB.instructionC.conditionD.invention二一.根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示、首字母提示或英文釋義寫出單詞1.Comparedwiththetraditionalmethod,Gitanjali’sinventionin(檢測(cè))waterismuchcheaper.

2.TheTiangongspacestationisthe(驕傲)ofallChinese.(E9202001)

3.Billwantedtobea(飛行員)whenhewasachild.

4.“Yearbyyear,”hesaid,“wearebuildingatruesenseofcommunityacrossthe(太平洋的)Ocean.”

5.Hegaveofortheworktobestarted.

6.Althoughitwasrainingcatsanddogs,theplane(toreachtheground)safely.

7.TheycollectedMoonrockstotakebacktotheEarthforfresearch.8.The(theoutsideortoppartofsomething)ofthelakeisquitestillbecausethereisnowind.

9.Thesituationwon’tbeoutof(控制).Theworstisbehindus.

10.Followthesesmalls,andyoucanmakeabigdifferencetotheEarth!

二.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子11.因?yàn)樘鞖?我們不得不縮短比賽時(shí)間。Wehadtobecauseoftheweather.12.雖然下著大雨,但是所有的學(xué)生還是設(shè)法按時(shí)到達(dá)學(xué)校了。(E9202003)Although,allthestudents.

13.據(jù)說(shuō)這位鋼琴家4歲就能彈鋼琴。thepianistcould.

14.在我家,我媽媽總是第一個(gè)起床,最后一個(gè)睡覺(jué)。Inmyfamily,mymotherisalwaysand.

三.閱讀填空閱讀短文,根據(jù)上下文和所給的首字母提示寫出所缺單詞。注意使用正確形式,每空限填一詞。YuanLongping,knownas“theFatherofHybrid(雜交)Rice”,wasriceinthefields.In1975,heandhisteams17indevelopingasetoftechnologiesforproducinghybridrice.Theyield(產(chǎn)量)ofthehybridriceis20percenth18thanthatofcommonrice.Since1979,histechnologiesforhybridricehavebeenintroducedintomanycountriesaroundtheworld.YuanLongpinghashelpedsolvethefoodproblemnotonlyforChinabutalsofortheworld.WeChinesearereallyp19ofhim.We’llrememberhimforever.

15.16.17.18.19.

三一.根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示或首字母提示寫出單詞1.WiththedevelopmentofChina,Chineseis(廣泛地)usedaroundtheworld.2.Manyheroesremain(未知的),buttheyhaveplayedtheirimportantrolesinexploringtheouterspace.3.Ithink(數(shù)學(xué))isanimportantsubject,butmostofmyclassmatesdon’tlikeit.

4.Thereisnowayofknowingwhyonemanmakesanimportant(發(fā)現(xiàn))whileanotherman,alsosmart,fails.

5.Thetwo(實(shí)驗(yàn)室)areoppositetoeachother.It’seasytofindthem.

6.StephenHawkingisconsideredtobeoneofthegreatestsinhistory.二．用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空know;invent;admire;France;sad7.Themomwentoutthebedroomangrily,leavingherdaughtercrying.

8.Ifyoudon’tknowthenameoftheplant,pleasewrite“”inyournotebook.

9.Asagreat,thenewmachineiswidelyusedinmanyfields.10.YueFeiisoneofthegreatestpersonsinChinesehistory.Ihimsomuch.

11.—Doyouthinkisanunimportantsubject?

—Ofcoursenot.It’squiteausefulskill.三.根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示、首字母提示或英文釋義寫出單詞12.Withthe(發(fā)展)oftechnology,thejourneytoMarsmightonlytakeabout20minutesinspacecraftinthefuture.13.Hervolunteerexperiencemeantabigaoverothercompetitorsinthejobinterview.

14.—Canyoutellmethepronunciationoftheword“(農(nóng)業(yè))”?

—Sorry,Idon’tknow,either.15.Eatingtoomuchandnoexercisewillfinally(tobecomeortomakesth.greaterinamount,number,value,etc.)yourweight.

16.Manypeopledieof(thestateofnothavingenoughfoodtoeat)intheworldeveryyear.能力提升一Atthirteen,Iwasinmiddleschool.Whenweplayedsoftball(壘球運(yùn)動(dòng))inthegymclassandtheleaderspicked1fortheirteams,Iwasalwaysthelastkidtogetpicked.SometimesIhittheballintotheoutfield(外場(chǎng)).IthoughtIwas2,butIstillalwaysgotpickedlast.Ididn’thavetotakethegymclassinhighschoolbecauseofmybusystudies,butmyfathertoldmethatdoingsportswasalsoimportant.Iwas3tohavesuchagoodfathertoencouragemetotakepartinthegymclass.Formanypeople,gymisapainfulsubject.Butkidscandevelopgoodvaluesandhabitsingymclasses.Youngpeopleoftenwanttoshowtheirown4.However,inteamsports,winningoften5helpingyourteammatesscore.InAmericanworkplaces,aworkerwho6hiscoworkersandcompanyisa“teamplayer”.Gymclassescanalsoteachtheimportanceof7.Ineverysport,performanceimproveswithpractice.Sostudentsneedtotakegymclasses,buttheactivitiesshouldbe8foreveryone.Thegymteachercanaskstudentstochoosetheirfavoriteactivities,insteadof9givingthematask.Andheorshemay10studentstoplaygameswhichteachcooperation(合作)aswellascompetition.1．A．a(chǎn)udiences B．customers C．teachers D．members2．A．good B．patient C．silent D．polite3．A．sorry B．frightened C．lucky D．a(chǎn)shamed4．A．discoveries B．a(chǎn)bilities C．purposes D．presents5．A．guardsagainst B．disagreeswith C．givesup D．dependson6．A．helps B．refuses C．a(chǎn)voids D．doubts7．A．pressure B．practice C．wealth D．progress8．A．a(chǎn)nnoying B．interesting C．serious D．similar9．A．immediately B．confidently C．hardly D．simply10．A．force B．cause C．encourage D．warn二WhenWangHaiyanwasyoung,herfavoritetoysweren’tBarbiedolls.Instead,shestartedlearningtomakeshadowpuppets(皮影)fromherfatherattheageof13.Now43,Wanghasspent30yearspractisingandspreadingtheart.Shadowpuppetryisaformoftheaterthatusespuppetsmadefromleatherorpaperwithmusicandsinging.ItwasinventedduringtheWesternHanDynasty,ittellsusaboutfolktalesandhistoricalstories,passingdowncultureandtraditionsoverthousandsofyears.Shadowpuppetryisallaboutcreatingthepuppetsandperformingwiththem.Wang’shometownofHuaCounty,Shaanxi,isknownasthebirthplaceofthefolkart.Puppet-makersmustfollow24stepstomakethepuppets,includingwashingtheleather,carving(雕刻),andpainting.Carvingisthemostdifficultpart.“Wehaveaspecialcarvingskill—movingtheleatherundertheknife.”Wangsaid.“Youhavetoholdtheknifestillinyourrighthandandonlymovetheleatherinyourlefthand.”IttookWangthreeyearstomasterthisskill.Sheusedabrick(磚)tostrengthenherlefthandwhilepractising.“Ittakesabout3,000carvestomakeashadowpuppet.Thecomplicated(復(fù)雜的)stepsmakeithardtohanddownthefolkart.”shesaid.ButWanghasfoundawaytodoso.In2016,shemadeshadowpuppetsbasedonthecartoonseriesHuyaoXiaohongniangandgaveanonlineperformance.Sheusedcolorslikeblueandpurplethataren’toftenseeninshadowpuppetryandaddedsomestickstothepuppetstomaketheperformancemorelively.“Ihopemoreandmoreyoungpeopleenjoyshadowpuppetryandpassitdown.”Shesaid.1．What’sthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A．Whatshadowpuppetryis. B．Howshadowpuppetryisperformed.C．Whenshadowpuppetrybecamepopular. D．WhyWangisinterestedinshadowpuppetry.2．Whichisthehardeststepinmakingapuppetaccordingtothepassage?A．Washingtheleather. B．Carvingtheleather.C．Paintingtheleather. D．Foldingtheleather.3．AccordingtoWang,whyisitdifficulttospreadshadowpuppetry?A．It’sdifficulttolearntomakepuppets. B．ThisartisonlyknowninHuaCounty.C．Itrequiresgreatstrengthtoperformtheart. D．Thehistoryofshadowpuppetryistooold.4．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Wangspent30yearslearningtocanepuppets.B．Wangenjoysgettingyoungpeopleinterestedinthisart.C．Wanghassetupacompanytomakeandsellshadowpuppets.D．Wangisworkingonacartoonaboutshadowpuppets.三語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In1901,anAustrianscientistdiscoveredthattherearefourtypesofblood(血液).HenamedthemA,B,AB,andO.Peoplehaveoneofthesefourtypes.BloodtypeOisthemostcommonaroundtheworld.BloodtypeAisthe1(two)mostcommon,andbloodtypeABisthe2(little)common.In1927,aJapanesedoctor3(find)thatpeoplewithdifferentbloodtypeshavedifferentpersonalities(性格),too.HesaidthatpeoplewithtypeAbloodare4(usual)calmandserious;peoplewithtypeBbloodarecheerfulandoutgoing;peoplewithtypeObloodaregenerous(慷慨的)andhonest;whilethosewithtypeABbloodareoftencaringand5(create).Morerecently,6doctorintheUnitedStateswroteabookthatconnectsbloodtypes7whatpeopleeat.Thebook8(suggest)peoplewithtypeObloodshouldeatmoremeatandlessbread.AdietforpeoplewithtypeAbloodincludesmorevegetables.Hisbook,EatRightforYourType,hasbeenahitwithpeoplewhowanttolose9(weigh).However,Dr.PeterD’Adamobelievesthateatingfoodthatmatchesaperson’sbloodtypewillmaketheperson10(healthy)thaninotherways,too.

Unit2Greatpeopleinventor[?n'vent?]n發(fā)明者invent[?n'vent]vt發(fā)明fighter[?fa?t?]n斗士，戰(zhàn)斗者African[??fr?k?n]n非洲人invention[?n'ven??n]n發(fā)明物，創(chuàng)意European[j??r??pi??n]n歐洲人Russian['r???n]n俄羅斯人pilot[?pa?l?t]n飛行員serve[s??v]vi&vt服役；服務(wù)control[k?n?trol]n控制，支配order['??d?]vt.命令，指揮，要求cut…short縮短Pacific[p??s?f?k]adj太平洋的ocean['????n]n海洋land[l?nd]vi&vt使著陸，降落step[step]n&vi一步，步，跨步surface[?s??f?s]n表面，表層pride[pra?d]n驕傲，可引以為豪的人（或事物）passage[?p?s?d?]n章節(jié)，樂(lè)段byhand手工mathematics[m?θ??m?t?ks]數(shù)學(xué)marry['m?ri]vt嫁，娶，與…結(jié)婚Frenchman['frent?m?n]n法國(guó)人laboratory[l??b?r?t?ri]n實(shí)驗(yàn)室discovery[d??sk?v?ri]n發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)物scientist['sa??nt?st]n科學(xué)家widely['wa?dli]adv廣泛地，普遍地magic[?m?d??k]adj有魔力的notsb'scupoftea非某人所好，不合某人心意happento碰巧advantage[?d?vɑ?nt?d?]n優(yōu)勢(shì)，有利條件unit[?ju?n?t]n單位，單元atpresent現(xiàn)在，目前increase[?n'kri?s]vt增加development[d??vel?pm?nt]n發(fā)展考點(diǎn)1.heardofhearof相當(dāng)于hearabout，意為“聽(tīng)說(shuō)，聽(tīng)到”，后跟名詞或代詞；hearfrom意為“收到...的來(lái)信”。hear意為“聽(tīng)到、聽(tīng)說(shuō)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)聽(tīng)的結(jié)果；listen意為“聽(tīng)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)聽(tīng)的動(dòng)作。hearsb.doingsth.意為“聽(tīng)到某人正在做某事”，hearsb.dosth.意為“聽(tīng)到某人做某事的全過(guò)程”?？键c(diǎn)2.invent動(dòng)詞，意為“發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造”inventor（發(fā)明者；發(fā)明家）invention（發(fā)明物）考點(diǎn)3.become/beinterestedin意為“對(duì)…感興趣”相當(dāng)于take/haveaninteresterested形容詞“感興趣的”，作表語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是人beinterestedin(doing)IaminterestedinEeresting形容詞“有趣的”，作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是物Thebookisveryerest名詞“興趣”，作主、賓語(yǔ)take/haveaninterestinHismaininterestsarereadingandplayingthepiano.Iaminterestedinreadingthisinterestingbook.考點(diǎn)4.join作動(dòng)詞，意為“加入，參加”。①join+組織/團(tuán)體，表示“加入到某個(gè)組織中并成為其中一員”。Hejoinedthearmyin1990.②join+sb.(indoingsth.)表示“加入到某人當(dāng)中去”。Wouldyouliketojoinusin(playing)thecomputergame?③joinin+某活動(dòng)，表示參加某種活動(dòng),相當(dāng)于takepartin。Collegestudentsjoininmanyactivitiesafterclass.考點(diǎn)5.ontheirwaybacktoonone’swaybackto...意為“在某人返回…的途中”onone’swayto...意為“在某人去...的路上”，to為介詞，其后接副詞時(shí)，應(yīng)省略介詞to。考點(diǎn)6.control可作名詞可作動(dòng)詞，意為“控制”beyondcontrol意為“難以控制”incontrolof意為“處于控制地位”outofcontrol意為“失去控制的”undercontrol意為“被控制”。考點(diǎn)7.orderorder作名詞,意為“命令,指揮,要求”,也可意為“順序,訂單”。Theoldsocialorderwasgoneforever.order作動(dòng)詞,意為“命令;訂貨;點(diǎn)菜.”Theycanorderwhattheywantonline.cut...short,意為“縮短”Hiscareerwascutshortwhenhediedofcancer.考點(diǎn)8.cut常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)cutdown砍倒;削減cutin插嘴,插隊(duì)cutoff切斷,隔斷cutout剪去,關(guān)掉考點(diǎn)9.furtherfurther可以指更遠(yuǎn)的，或者抽象意義上更深一層的farther距離時(shí)間上更遠(yuǎn)的，較遠(yuǎn)的。考點(diǎn)10.pridepride作名詞，意為“驕傲”takepridein意為“對(duì)…感到驕傲”相當(dāng)于beproudof?？键c(diǎn)11.byhand，意為“用手；手工的”【拓展】hand的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)(1)動(dòng)詞handback退還handin交上handdown傳下來(lái),宣布handon傳遞下去handout把...拿出來(lái),分發(fā),施舍handup交給上級(jí),呈交(2)名詞give/lendsb.ahand幫某人一把handinhand手拉手；同時(shí)并存inhand在手頭；在進(jìn)行中；在控制中onhand在手邊（隨時(shí)可用）ontheone(other)hand一方面（另一方面）shakehands握手考點(diǎn)12.Itissaidthat...，意為“據(jù)說(shuō)……”?！就卣埂款愃平Y(jié)構(gòu)(1)Itisbelievedthat...，意為“據(jù)說(shuō)/據(jù)信……”(2)Itisexpectedthat...，意為“據(jù)估計(jì)……”(3)Itisknownthat...，意為“眾所周知/人們認(rèn)為……”(4)Itisreportedthat...，意為“據(jù)報(bào)道……”(5)Itisthoughtthat...，意為“據(jù)估計(jì)/人們認(rèn)為……”考點(diǎn)13.dieofdieof強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)在原因，如疾病，年老，饑餓等；diefrom強(qiáng)調(diào)外部原因，如意外事故，災(zāi)害等?？键c(diǎn)14.advantageadvantage作名詞，意為“優(yōu)勢(shì)；優(yōu)點(diǎn)”，反義詞為disadvantage，意為“缺點(diǎn)；劣勢(shì)”。takeadvantageof利用；占便宜havethe/anadvantageover優(yōu)于...考點(diǎn)15.contribution作名詞，意為“貢獻(xiàn)”其動(dòng)詞形式為contribute，意為“貢獻(xiàn)”。makeacontributionto為…做貢獻(xiàn)，這里的to是個(gè)介詞【拓展】常見(jiàn)的帶介詞to的短語(yǔ)be/get/becomeusedto習(xí)慣于bedevotedto致力于；忠誠(chéng)于devoteoneselfto獻(xiàn)身于；專心于考點(diǎn)16.【辨析】increaseto和increasebyincreaseby指增長(zhǎng)了幾倍或百分之幾，后面加百分?jǐn)?shù)或倍數(shù)。Thefigureisexpectedtoincreaseby20percenteveryyear.increaseto指增長(zhǎng)到了…，后接具體增長(zhǎng)后的數(shù)字。Myweighthasincreasedtoseventyeightkilos.考點(diǎn)17.development作名詞，意為“發(fā)展”withthedevelopmentof意為“在…發(fā)展下，隨著…的發(fā)展”。形容詞為developing“發(fā)展中的”和developed“發(fā)達(dá)的”。1.時(shí)態(tài)1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形或第三人稱單數(shù)形式2)一般過(guò)去時(shí):謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式3)一般將來(lái)時(shí):謂語(yǔ)用will/shall/begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形4)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):謂語(yǔ)用am/is/are+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞5)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):謂語(yǔ)用have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞6)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí):謂語(yǔ)用was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞動(dòng)詞主要用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和性質(zhì)，而英語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是指動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)發(fā)生的具體時(shí)間和表現(xiàn)方式。英語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)用動(dòng)詞的不同形式來(lái)表示。英語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞的五種基本形式為:動(dòng)詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)階段習(xí)慣性、周期性、反復(fù)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或者用于描述客觀真理always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never,onSunday,everyday,everyyear,onceamonth,threetimesayear①一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)；Ilikecollectingstamps.②一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作接著一個(gè)動(dòng)作，用來(lái)描述連續(xù)性的事件；Thebellringsandthestudentscomeintoclass.③一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以用來(lái)摘述日常生活和習(xí)慣；Healwaysgoeshomeat6p.m.④一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示按照時(shí)間表或計(jì)劃表所做的事情。Theclassbeginsat2p.m.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，在現(xiàn)階段持續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)atthemoment,now,rightnow,look,listen①現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；Sheislookingafterherbabynow.②現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示幾個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行；Heisdoinghishomeworkandhisfatheriscooking.③現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示在特定時(shí)間段里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；Thismonthheispreparingfortheexam.④現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或安排。Iammeetingsomeoldfriendsafterschool.一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastyear,twomonthsago,in1999①一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者存在的狀態(tài);Hewenthomebycaryesterday.②一般過(guò)去時(shí)可以表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的一系列連續(xù)的動(dòng)作;Hehaddinnerandthendidhishomework.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、過(guò)去同一時(shí)間里同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間段內(nèi)持續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)atthistimeyesterday,from...to...,lastnight①過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；Hewasshoppingat10a.m.yesterday.②過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去同一時(shí)間里同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；Shewasreadingwhilehermotherwastalkingonthephone.③過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)還可以表示過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間段內(nèi)持續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。Wewereplayinggamesthewholeafternoonyesterday.【注意】過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)通常用when和while連接。Hewassleepingwhenhisfathercameback.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常與always等頻度副詞連用，表示過(guò)去頻繁發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，此時(shí)的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常帶有一定的感情色彩。HewasalwaysplayingcomputergameswhenhewasinGrade7.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)描述一個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去，并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或者可能還要延續(xù)到將來(lái)的動(dòng)作①現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去動(dòng)作所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響；Hehasalreadyboughttwocars.②現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)動(dòng)作直到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)發(fā)生了多少次。Hehasbeenheremanytimes.③現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，since與表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用；for與表示時(shí)間段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。IthasbeentwoweekssinceIcamehere.Ihavebeenherefortwoweeks.一.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Ericisasportsfanandalways(follow)thelatestsportsnews.2.—WhatdidyoudoforyourmomonMother’sDay?—I(cook)herabigmeal.Shesaidshewassoproudofme.

3.Whataheavyrain!I’mwonderingifanyonehas(shut)thewindows.4.—Look!Thegirl(cry).

—Let’sseewhathappenedtoher.5.Idon’tknowexactlyhowwe(organize)thesportsmeetingnextmonth,butanyway,webelieveinourselves.

beforenextyear.

7.—Doyouknowhowmuchthemachine(weigh)?

—100kilograms.8.—Icalledyouateightthismorningbuttherewasnoreply.—Oh,sorry.I(work)inthegardenthen.

1.follows2.cooked3.shut4.iscrying5.willorganize6.willbecompleted7.weighs8.wasworking二.用方框中所給單詞或短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空byhand;rise;divide;leavefor;shoponline9.Thedressisexpensivebecauseitwasmade.10.ThepriceofthehousesinNantongalotoverthepasttwoyears.

11.Wethechildrenintosixgroups.Nowlet’schoosealeaderforeachgroup.12.MymotherwhenIcalledherlastnight.

13.—Where’sMr.Smith?—HeBeijing,soIdohisjobinstead.9.byhand10.hasrisen11.divided12.wasshoppingonline13.hasleftfor三.單項(xiàng)選擇14.—Mike,whyareyoustandingoutdoors?—Imykeys.Ihavetowaithereuntilmymothercomesback.

A.havelostB.willloseC.hadlostD.lose15.Thechiefengineerannouncedthattheyaspacelabonthespacestationaroundtheendof2022.

A.havebuiltB.hadbuiltC.willbuildD.wouldbuild16.Whentheteachergotintotheclassroom,Xiaominganovel.A.readB.readsC.isreadingD.wasreading17.Johniswaitingforme.Wetothebookstoretogether.

A.wentB.havegoneC.willgoD.weregoing14.A根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,邁克弄丟了鑰匙,不得不站在門外等他媽媽回來(lái),此處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響,故選A。15.D根據(jù)“Thechiefengineerannouncedthat”可知,that后為賓語(yǔ)從句,主句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí),從句時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài);結(jié)合從句時(shí)間