【期末考點精練】專題22-人教新目標版八下模擬試卷（解析版）（河南鄭州）

【期末考點精練】專題22人教新目標版八下模擬試卷（解析版）（河南鄭州）完形填空（15分）Fouryearsago,JoelKlinegaveuphisjobasamagazineeditortobecomeafreelancecopywriterforadvertisements,butnowhehadmoneytrouble.Hesaysthathewisheshe’dnever1tosetuphisownbusiness.

“Iamnowinsuchabadsituation,”saysJoel.“IhopeIam2workingasaneditor.Yousee,Iwas3withmyjob,andIusedtogetreallyangryatmybossandthewayheusedto4mearoundallthetime.Italkedtoafewfriendsandtheysaidthattheycouldgiveme5,soItoldmybossIwasleaving.Atfirst,everythingwas6:IhadsomuchworkthatIhadtotakeonanassistant(助理),mybestfriendatwork,Don,justtobe7tofinishthingsontime.Andsoonwe8largeamountsofmoney.DonandIhadareallygreatlifestyle,andwhentheworkwasfinished,weusedtotakegood9inplaceslikeCancunandtheBahamas,justtogetrelaxed.

Atfirst,wewerebusyhavingfun,andcharged(支付)everythingtomycreditcardsinstead,butthenIbeganto10howmuchindebt(負債)Iwas.Atlast,Ihadto11Donoff.Ithenhadtosellallmyofficeequipment(設備).NowIcoulddoalmostnothingevenifpeople12me.ThingsgotsobadthatIevenaskedmyoldbossifIcoulddosomeworkforthe13,buthesaidthatI’dbeenso14tohimwhenIleftthathewouldneveremploy(雇傭)meagain.I’vehadto15mybusinessnowandIdon’tknowwhatI’mgoingtodoformoney.Itjustgoestoshow,ifyousetupyourownbusiness,youshouldn’tspendmoneyyoudon’thave.”

1.A.pretended B.learned C.failed D.decided2.A.specially B.still C.also D.certainly3.A.pleased B.strict C.bored D.patient4.A.show B.order C.serve D.lead5.A.time B.money C.food D.work6.A.perfect B.wrong C.hard D.fun7.A.afraid B.ready C.able D.about8.A.lost B.borrowed C.donated D.made9.A.vacations B.pictures C.courses D.chances10.A.imagine B.remember C.wonder D.realize11.A.lay B.see C.take D.put12.A.paid B.helped C.forgot D.asked13.A.advertisement B.magazine C.equipment D.lifestyle14.A.shy B.rude C.lazy D.straight15.A.closedown B.pickup C.turndown D.setup1.【答案】D【解析】句意:他說他希望自己從未決定過要開創(chuàng)他自己的事業(yè)。由句意可知本題選擇D。pretend假裝;learn學習;fail失敗;decide決定?！敬鸢浮緽【解析】根據前文“我現在處于糟糕的狀況”可知,“我希望我仍然在當編輯”,故本題選擇B。specially特別地;still仍然;also也;certainly當然?！敬鸢浮緾【解析】此處指的是以前的工作狀態(tài),“我對自己的工作感到厭倦”,故本題選擇C。pleased高興的;strict嚴肅的;bored厭倦的;patient耐心的?！敬鸢浮緽【解析】根據語境可知,此處表示“我過去對我的老板以及他過去一直命令我的方式感到生氣”。故本題選擇B。show展示;order命令;serve提供;lead領導,引領?！敬鸢浮緿【解析】根據語境可知,此處表示“我和幾位朋友談過,他們說可以為我提供工作,所以我告訴我的老板我要離開”。故本題選擇D?！敬鸢浮緼【解析】根據下文所描述的作者賺錢、雇傭新員工、度假等情節(jié)可推測,“最初,一切都是完美的”。由此可知本題選擇A。perfect完美的;wrong錯誤的;hard困難的;fun有趣的?！敬鸢浮緾【解析】固定短語beableto意為“能,可以”,由此可知本題選擇C?！敬鸢浮緿【解析】固定短語makemoney意為“掙錢”,由此可知本題選擇D?！敬鸢浮緼【解析】固定短語takevacations意為“休假”,由下文內容可知“我們”去度假了,故本題選擇A。【答案】D【解析】根據句意和語境可知,此處表示“但后來我開始意識到自己負債累累”。可知本題選擇D。imagine想象;remember記得;wonder想知道;realize意識到?！敬鸢浮緼【解析】句意:最終我不得不解雇了Don。根據句意可知選擇A項。layoff解雇;seeoff送別;takeoff脫掉,起飛;putoff延遲?！敬鸢浮緿【解析】根據語境可知,此處表示“我現在幾乎什么都做不了,即使有人請求我”。故本題選擇D。pay付款;help幫助;forget忘記;ask問,請求?！敬鸢浮緽【解析】由第一段第一句可知,作者原來是一位雜志編輯,故本題選擇B?！敬鸢浮緽【解析】根據語境可知,此處表示“當初我離開的時候,我對他非常粗魯”。故本題選擇B?！敬鸢浮緼【解析】根據語境可知,此處表示“我不得不停業(yè)”。故本題選擇A。closedown停業(yè);pickup拾起,撿起;turndown拒絕,關小;setup創(chuàng)立。閱讀理解（40分）ACaiLuninventedpaperaround2,000yearsagoinChina.Itisanimportantinvention.Beforetheinventionofpaper,peoplehadtorememberlotsofinformationorwriteitonstone,wood,leaves,etc.Todayeveryoneintheworldusespaper.Withpaper,wecanmakebooksandprintnewspapers.Sharinginformationisaloteasierwiththehelpofpaper.Peopleusepapereveryday.Studentsdohomeworkandkeepadiaryonpaper.Paperisagreatinvention.AlanTuringwasborninLondon,England,in1912.HeattendedCambridgeUniversityfrom1931to1934.Turingwasamathematician(數學家)andacomputerscientist.ManypeoplecalledTuringthefatherofcomputerscience.Hecreatedthefirstdesign(設計)foramoderncomputer.Turingwantedtoknowifamachinecouldthinkforitselfandtricksomeoneintobelievingtheywerehavingaconversationwithanotherperson.ThisbecameknownastheTuringtest.Inthetest,ahumantalkedtotwootherpeoplethroughacomputer.Onewasamachine,andtheotherwasaperson.Thisideaisstillusedtoday.1.WhenwaspaperinventedbyCaiLun?A.Around2,000yearsago.B.About200yearsago.C.Around1,000yearsago.D.About100yearsago.2.PeoplecandothefollowingthingswithpaperEXCEPT.

A.sharinginformation B.printingnewspapersC.havingtheTuringtest D.makingbooks3.ManypeopleconsideredAlanTuringtobe.

A.theinventorofprinting B.thefatherofmoderneducationC.theinventorofpaper D.thefatherofcomputerscience4.Inordertohavethetest,Turingneeded.

A.threepeople,onecomputerandamachineB.twopeople,onecomputerandamachineC.twopeople,twocomputersandamachineD.oneperson,onecomputerandamachine5.Fromthepassage,weknowCaiLun’sinventionandTuring’sideaare.

A.hardtoaccept B.notusedanymoreC.unknowntopeople D.stillusedtoday1.【答案】A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段首句CaiLuninventedpaperaround2,000yearsagoinChina.可以得知答案。【答案】C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段內容可以得知C選項是正確答案。【答案】D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段中的ManypeoplecalledTuringthefatherofcomputerscience.可知選D?！敬鸢浮緽【解析】細節(jié)理解題。通過最后一段可知,測試中一個人通過計算機和另外兩個人談話,這兩個人中一個是機器一個是人。所以答案選B?！敬鸢浮緿【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段的第一句Todayeveryoneintheworldusespaper.和最后一段的最后一句Thisideaisstillusedtoday.可知選D。BThere’smuchtoseeunderthesea,butyouneedtorememberthatlightbehavesdifferentlyinwaterthaninair.Theobjectsappearclosertoyouthantheyexactlyare.Youmightfindyourselfreachingouttotouchsomethingandcompletelymissingit.Objectsunderwaterwillappearlargerthantheywouldonthesurface,too.Becarefulnottotellanystoriesaboutthebigfishthatgotaway.Thatfishmightnotbesobigafterall!It’sjustbecausesometimesthingscanseemtobeasmuchasabout33percentbiggerinwater!What’smore,indeeperwater,colorsjustdon’tseemasbright.Infact,itlooksasifsomecolorsaremissing.Rememberthecolorofanobjectresultsfromthewavelengths(波長)oflightthatarereflected(反射)fromitssurface.Andlightistakeninasitmovesdownthroughthewater.Swimmerswearwetsuitstokeepwarmunderwater.Let’stakeabrightred,yellow,andbluewetsuitasanexample.Thesecolorsarehardtomissonthesurfaceofwater.Watchcarefullythechangesincolorasyoudescendinthewater.Theredpartnowlooksalmostblackbecausetheredlightwavelengths,thelongestamongthesethreecolors,aremissing.Asyougodowndeeper,thesamethingwillhappentotheyellowpartandintheendtothebluepart.Evenataplaceofabout6to9metersunderwater,youwilllookterrible,likeaghost(鬼怪)!Andyouhavetowaitforyourreturntothesurfacetoenjoythebrightcolorsagain!1.Youmisstheobjectunderwaterwhenyouwanttotouchitbecause.

A.youreyesightisquitepoorB.youarenotquickenoughC.itisnotascloseasitseemsD.itdisappearsveryquickly2.Theexampleofthewetsuitisusedtoexplainthechangeofofanobjectunderwater.

A.thesize B.thecolorC.theposition D.theweight3.Theunderlinedword“descend”probablymeansinChineseinthispassage.

A.上升 B.漂浮 C.屏息 D.下潛4.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Afour-meter-longfishlooksthreemeterslongunderwater.B.Thewavelengthsofredlightarelongerthanthoseofbluelight.C.Muchwaterwillbetakeninbytheswimmerdeepinthewater.D.Youwillseeaghostifyougoasdeepas6to9metersintothesea.5.Thebesttitleofthispassageis.

A.TheStandardofColorUnderwaterB.TheDirectionofLightUnderwaterC.TheBrightnessofColorUnderwaterD.TheBehaviorofLightUnderwater1.【答案】C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段第二句“Theobjectsappearclosertoyouthantheyexactlyare.”可知答案為C項。【答案】B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段第四句的“Watchcarefullythechangesincolor”可知答案為B項?！敬鸢浮緿【解析】詞義猜測題。根據上句可知顏色在水面是幾乎沒有變化的;根據下文的“Asyougodowndeeper,thesamethingwillhappentotheyellowpart”可知越往水的深處游,顏色的變化就會越大。故答案為D項?！敬鸢浮緽【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段第五句“...becausetheredlightwavelengths,thelongestamongthesethreecolors,...”可知紅色的光波是三種顏色光波中最長的,故答案為B選項。根據第二段最后一句“...seemtobeasmuchasabout33percentbiggerinwater!”可知在水中見到的物體,看起來比實際上的體積大,故排除A選項。根據第三段最后一句“Andlightistakeninasitmovesdownthroughthewater.”可知光在水下被吸收了,故排除C選項。根據第四段倒數第二句“...youwilllookterrible,likeaghost(鬼怪)!”可知你看起來很可怕,像鬼一樣,故排除D選項?！敬鸢浮緿【解析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知本文主要講解了一些水下光學現象,故答案為D項。CTomwasaneight-year-oldboy.Hewassicktodeathofschoolbecausehedidn’twanttodohishomework.Hewasalwayslookingforexcusesnottodoit.Whenhesneezed(打噴嚏)orhadaheadache,hetoldhismomhewasseriouslyillandhecouldn’tdohishomework.ThoughTom’smomwasangry,shedidn’tknowhowtodealwithhim.Mostofthetime,Tomwenttoschoolwithoutfinishinghishomework.Eventhoughhefinishedhishomeworkindeed,heusuallydiditverycarelessly.

OneThursdayevening,Tomtoldhismomthathecouldn’tdohishomeworkbecausehewashavingafever.Afterhismomtookhistemperature,sherealizedthatTomdidn’ttellthetruth.Sohehadtodohishomework.Tohismom’ssurprise,thelightinTom’sbedroomwasstillonatmidnight.HismomopenedthedoorquietlyandfoundTomwasalreadyasleep.Hishomeworkwasonlyhalfcompleted.Thenextmorning,Tomwenttoschoolasusual.Helefthishomeworkathomeonpurpose.WhenTomreturnedhomefromschool,hismomasked,“Didyourteacherpunishyoutoday?Iknowyoudidn’tfinishyourhomeworklastnight.”“No,mom,”Tomanswered.“Howdidyoumakeit?”hismomaskedhim.“Whatdidyousaytotheteacher?”“Itoldmyteacherthatanaccidenthappenedtomethismorning.”“What?”Tom’smomlookedathimwitheyeswide.“Theschoolbusfellintothepoolonmywaytoschool,”Tomcontinued.“Iclimbedoutofthepool,butmyhomeworkdidn’tclimboutofthepool.”“,”Tom’smomsaid.

“Ofcourse,Idon’t,”Tomsaid.“Butmyteacherdoesn’tknowthat.”1.Theunderlinedwords“wassicktodeathof”mostprobablymean.

A.hated B.wassatisfiedwith C.loved2.Tomwenttoschoolwithoutfinishinghishomeworkmostofthetimebecause.

A.hesufferedfromaseriousdiseaseB.hewasalwayslookingforexcusesnottodohishomeworkC.hismomdidn’twanthimtodohishomework3.AtmidnightonThursday,.

A.TomwasasleepwiththelightonB.TomwasstayingupdoinghishomeworkC.Tomfellasleepandhishomeworkwascompleted4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.IfTomhadaheadache,hismomwouldhelphimdohishomework.B.Infact,Tomdidn’thaveafeverthatThursdayevening.C.AllthestudentsbesidesTomontheschoolbushadanaccidentthatFridaymorning.5.“”canbethemissingsentenceinthepassage.

A.ButthereisnopoolonyourwaytoschoolB.ButyouhavefinishedyourhomeworkC.Butyoudon’ttaketheschoolbus1.【答案】A【解析】詞義猜測題。由下文“hedidn’twanttodohishomework”可知他不喜歡做作業(yè),由此可推斷他討厭上學。hate意為“討厭”;besatisfiedwith意為“對……滿意”;love意為“喜歡”。由此可知本題選擇A?！敬鸢浮緽【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Hewasalwayslookingforexcusesnottodoit.”可知湯姆總是找借口不做作業(yè)。故本題選擇B?！敬鸢浮緼【解析】細節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“thelightinTom’sbedroomwasstillonatmidnight...andfoundedTomwasalreadyasleep”可知湯姆開著燈睡著了,故本題選擇A。【答案】B【解析】推理判斷題。由第二段中的“Tomdidn’ttellthetruth”可推測湯姆并沒有發(fā)燒,而是在為不做作業(yè)找借口,故本題選擇B?！敬鸢浮緾【解析】推理判斷題。由“Ofcourse,Idon’t”可知本題選擇C。D閱讀短文及文后A~E選項,選出可以填入1~5各題空白處的最佳選項。Smokealarms(報警器)Housefirescausemanydeathseachyearandalargenumberofthesefiresareunfortunatelysetbychildren.1Kidsmustunderstandthatthey’dbetternotplaywithfire.Youshouldkeepmatchesandlightersoutoftheirreach.

2Themainjobofsuchanalarmistoprotectyouwhileyou’reasleep.Youshouldhaveasmokealarmoutsideeachbedroomandoneachfloorofyourhome.Yououghttohavetwoplansforgettingoutofyourhouseifthereisafireandpracticetheseplansinthedarkwithyourfamily.

Asmokealarmwarnsyouofthedanger.3Takeactionimmediately.Whenyoucometoacloseddoor,checkitwiththebackofyourhand.Ifitfeelshot,theremaybesmokeorfirebehindthedoor,sotakecare.Onceyouareoutofyourhouse,callthefiredepartmentfromaneighbor’shouse.Ifafamilymemberorapetiscaughtinside,youshouldn’tgobackin.Firemenknowhowtoperformrescuessafely.

4Changethebatteriesatleastonceayear.Youshouldusethetestbuttoneachmonthtoseeifthealarmandbatteriesarestillworking.Asmokealarmlastsabouttenyears.Yououghttochangeitevenifitseemstobeworking.

Abouttwooutofthreefiredeathshappeninhomeswithnoworkingsmokealarms.5

A.Mostofthesedeathscanbeavoided.B.Butwhenyouhearit,youdon’thavemuchtime.C.Asmokealarmisonlygoodifit’sworkingproperly.D.So,it’simportanttoteachthemthatfireisatool,notatoy.E.Asmokealarmgreatlyreducesyourchancesofbeinghurtinafire.1.【答案】D【解析】空后面的句子Kidsmustunderstandthatthey’dbetternotplaywithfire.與選項D中的notatoy相一致,故選D?！敬鸢浮縀【解析】空后面的句子Themainjobofsuchanalarmistoprotectyouwhileyou’reasleep.與選項E中的reducesyourchancesofbeinghurt相一致,故選E?！敬鸢浮緽【解析】空后面的句子Takeactionimmediately.與選項B中的don’thavemuchtime相一致,故選B?！敬鸢浮緾【解析】空后面的句子Changethebatteriesatleastonceayear.和...toseeifthealarmandbatteriesarestillworking.與選項C中的ifit’sworkingproperly相一致,故選C?！敬鸢浮緼【解析】空前面的句子Abouttwooutofthreefiredeathshappeninhomeswithnoworkingsmokealarms.與選項A中的Mostofthesedeaths相一致,故選A。語篇填空（15分）A.用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空,使短文完整正確。(每個單詞限用一次。每空只填一個單詞。)（10分）clean,give,can,encourage,try,he,borrow,student,easy,happyLastweekIwenttoanartshow.Apaintingcaughtmyeye.Tomyamazement,itwaspaintedbySteven,oneofmy1.Thenmanythingsabouthimcameintomymind.

Stevenwasfromapoorfamily.Hisparents2notaffordtobuyhimsomebasicthingsthatheneeded.Onceourschoolprovidedglovesforpoorchildren,IputSteven’snameonthelist.Hewasso3whenhereceivedapair.Helovedtowearthemandtheywerealways4thananybodyelse’s.Stevenhadagift(天賦)forpaintingandhecould5understandwhatIdescribedinclass.Buthedidn’thavemoneytobuythepaperforpainting.Sosometimes,I6himsome.Hepracticedhard.AndIoftenshowedhispaintingstotheclass.Hewasgreatly7.

Onedayjustbeforethesummervacation,hecameto8someartbooks.Whenthenewtermbegan,heshowedsomeof9paintingstome.Ifeltshocked(震驚).Theywereverygood.Thenwetalkedalot.Hesaidhewouldkeepon.

Laterhewasadmitted(錄取)toafamousartuniversity.Aftergraduation,hehadmanydifficulties,buthenevergaveup.Hewasalways10hisbesttoimprovehimself.Hishardworkandstrongmindledtohissuccess.

【答案】students【解析】oneof+可數名詞復數,故答案為students?！敬鸢浮縞ould【解析】can’taffordtodosth.負擔不起做某事。根據前后文時態(tài)可知應用can的過去式could?！敬鸢浮縣appy【解析】由設空處前的was可知應用形容詞作表語,根據語境可知答案為happy?！敬鸢浮縞leaner【解析】由設空處后的than可知應用比較級,又根據語境可知應用clean的比較級cleaner?！敬鸢浮縠asily【解析】此處應用副詞修飾understand,又根據句意可知應用形容詞easy的副詞形式easily。【答案】gave【解析】givesb.sth.給某人某物,根據前后文時態(tài)可知應用動詞give的過去式gave。【答案】encouraged【解析】由語境及設空處前的was可知應用動詞的被動語態(tài)?！敬鸢浮縝orrow【解析】句意:就在暑假前的一天,他來借一些美術書。動詞不定式符號to后用動詞原形,故答案為borrow?！敬鸢浮縣is【解析】由設空處后的名詞可知應用形容詞性物主代詞his。【答案】trying【解析】tryone’sbesttodosth.盡某人最大努力去做某事。根據wasalways可知應用過去進行時。B.根據短文內容,在各空白處填寫一個適當的詞,使文章意思完整且符合邏輯。(每空一詞)（5分）Thereoncewasafarmerwhogrewthebestcorninhistown.Oneday,hisfriendScottaskedhimhowhegrewthebestcorn.Thefarmertoldhimthatheoftengavehisgoodcornseeds(種子)tohis1.

“Whydoyougiveyourgoodseedstoyourneighbors?Theywillcompete2you!”Scottasked.

“Why?”thefarmerlaughed.“Don’tyouknow?Thewindpicksuppollen(花粉)fromthecornandblowsitfromfieldtofield.Ifmyneighborsgrowbadcorn,thebadpollenwillhavebadinfluenceon3.Mycorncannotimproveunlessmyneighbors’cornimproves.”

Itisthesamewithourlives.Those4choosetoliveinpeacemusthelptheirneighborstoliveinpeace.Thosewhochoosetolivewellmusthelpotherstolivewell.Andthosewhochoosetobehappymusthelpotherstofind5,asthehappinessofeach