【八下英語北師大版】Unit 5 知識點精講

Unit5Memories知識精講一、必背詞匯memorable

adj.

難忘的confident

adj.

自信的poem

n.

詩pity

n.

遺憾；同情，憐憫happiness

n.

幸福mostly

adv.

主要地；一般地childhood

n.

童年，幼年count

v.

計數(shù)；數(shù)數(shù)fill

v.

（使）充滿，填滿judge

v.

評價，判斷influence

n.

影響，作用mention

v.

提到，說到good-looking

adj.

漂亮的，好看的PrimeMinister

n.

首相；總理war

n.

戰(zhàn)爭curtain

n.

窗簾German

adj.

德國的bomb

v.轟炸n.

炸彈luckily

adv.

幸運地marry

v.

（和某人）結婚army

n.

軍隊enemy

n.

敵人available

adj.

可獲得的machine

n.

機器airconditioner

空調cooker

n.

炊具，廚灶dishwasher

n.

洗碗機recordplayer

唱機tiny

adj.

極小的，微小的central

adj.

中央的；主要的centralheating

中央供暖wet

adj.

潮的，濕的mainly

adv.

大部分；主要地round

adv.

周圍adj.圓形的lemon

n.

檸檬second-hand

adj.

二手的，舊的weekday

n.

工作日theatre

n.

劇院；電影院；戲劇unforgettable

adj.

難以忘懷的bleed

v.

流血frightened

adj.

受驚的；害怕的pain

n.

疼痛ambulance

n.

救護車二、重點詞匯1.memorable

adjective/?mem?r?b?l/likelytoberememberedorworthremembering

難忘的；值得紀念的例句：Thesoldierhasfoughtmanymemorablebattles.這個士兵參加過許多難忘的戰(zhàn)斗。Tomethisisthemostmemorableperiodofmypoeticcareer.對我來說，這是我詩歌生涯中最值得紀念的一段時期。2.confident

adjective/?k?nf?d?nt/havingconfidence

自信的；有信心的；確信的；有把握的；信任的例句：Beabitmoreconfidentinyourself!你應該再自信一點！Areyouconfidentthatenoughpeoplewillattendtheevent?你確信會有足夠的人參加這項賽事嗎？3.judge

noun/d??d?/1).n.apersonwhoisinchargeofatrialinacourtanddecideshowapersonwhoisguiltyofacrimeshouldbepunished,orwhomakesdecisionsonlegalmatters

法官；審判員例句：Thejudgedispensesthelawwithoutbias.這名法官執(zhí)法公正無私。Henarratedtheeventsoftheafternoontothejudge.他向法官敘述了那天下午發(fā)生的事情。2).n.thepersonwhoofficiallydecideswhoisthewinnerofacompetition（比賽的）裁判員，評判員例句：I’vebeenaskedtobethejudgeofthechildren’spoetrycompetition.我受邀為兒童詩歌比賽當評委。3).v.toform,give,orhaveasanopinion,ortodecideaboutsomethingorsomeone,especiallyafterthinkingcarefully

（尤指認真考慮之后）斷定，判斷，估計例句：Sofar,heseemstobehandlingthejobwell,butit’sreallytoosoontojudge.到目前為止，他的工作看起來還干得不錯，但現(xiàn)在下結論還為時過早。It’sdifficulttojudgewhetherthenewsystemreallyisanimprovement.很難判斷新系統(tǒng)是否真的有所進步。4.influence

noun&verb/??nflu?ns/1).n.thepowertohaveaneffectonpeopleorthings,orapersonorthingthatisabletodothis影響，作用；有影響的人（或物）例句：Helen’sagoodinfluenceonhim.海倫對他有好的影響。Atthetimeshewasundertheinfluenceofherfather.她當時受到父親的影響。2).v.toaffectorchangehowsomeoneorsomethingdevelops,behaves,orthinks影響例句：She’sverygoodatmakingfriendsandinfluencingpeople.她很擅長交友并對他人施加影響。Whatinfluencedyoutochooseacareerinnursing?什么使你選擇了護士這個職業(yè)？5.mention

verb&noun/?men??n/1).v.tospeakaboutsomethingquickly,givinglittledetailorusingfewwords提及，說起，談到例句：I’llmentionyourideastoJacinta.我會跟哈辛塔說一下你的想法。Hecasuallymentioned(that)hewasleavinghisjob.他不經意地提到他要辭職了。2).n.ashortremarkorwrittenstatement

提及；簡短的陳述例句：Thestorydidn’tevengetamentioninthenewspaper.報紙上甚至沒有提及此事。Eventhementionofhernamemakeshimblush.甚至提到她的名字他也會臉紅。6.available

adjective/??ve?l?b?l/abletobeboughtorused

可獲得的；可用的例句：Isthisdressavailableinalargersize?這件衣服有大一號的嗎？There’snomoneyavailableforanofficepartythisyear.今年沒有錢舉辦辦公室聚會了。7.frightened

adjective/?fra?t?nd/feelingfearorworry

害怕的，受驚的例句：Areyoufrightenedofspiders?你怕蜘蛛嗎？Iwasfrightened(that)youwouldfall.我擔心你會掉下來。8.bleed

verb/bli?d/toloseblood

出血，流血例句：Yourarmisbleeding.你的胳膊在流血。Hewasbleedingheavily.他在大量失血。9.fill

verb/f?l/1).tomakeorbecomefull;touseemptyspace（使）充滿，（使）裝滿，（使）注滿；占據(jù)；布滿例句：Ifilledthebucketwithwater.我往桶里注滿了水。Happysoundsfilledtheroom.房間里充滿了歡聲笑語。2).toputasubstanceintoanemptyspace（以…）填塞，充注例句：Thesecakesarefilledwithcream.這些蛋糕是奶油夾心的。Theproductclearlyfilledaneed/gapinthemarket.該產品顯然填補了市場的需求／空白。三、必背短語1.thousandsof

成千上萬的

2.usedto

過去常常3.comeround

短暫拜訪

4.runinto

撞上；偶然遇見5.inthe1950s

在20世紀50年代

6.takecareof

照顧7.befilledwith…

充滿

8.beatwarwith…

與……交戰(zhàn)；進行競爭9.gethurt

受傷

10.expectsb.todosth.

期待某人做某事11.ingreatpain

處于巨大的痛苦中

12.callanambulance

叫救護車13.onweekdays

在工作日

14.beinblackandwhite

黑白的15.sharearoom共用房間

16.fail/passtheexam

考試及格/不及格17.dealwith

處理，解決

18.beinthearmy

在軍隊19.haveagreatinfluenceonsb.

對某人有重要影響四、經典句型1.TodayismybirthdayanditisthefirstbirthdayIhavespentfarawayfromhome.今天是我的生日這是我第一次在離家很遠的地方過生日。2.Youdon’tknowwhatyou’vegotuntilit’sgone.失去了才知道珍惜。3.Herprimaryschoolteachermadeahugedifferenceinherlife.她的小學老師在她生活中起了重要的作用。4.Mychildhoodwasfilledwiththesewarmmemories.我的兒童時代充滿了溫暖的回憶。5.Butyouwerealwaysbymyside.但是您總是在我身邊。6.WhenIhaveproblems,Ialwaysthinkofyourwordsandtheyhelpmesomuch.每當我遇到困難，我就會想起您的話，它們對我很有幫助。7.Youhavealwayssaidthatweshouldjudgepeople’ssuccessbyhowtheylivetheirliveseveryday.您常說我應該通過人們怎樣過每一天來判斷他們是否成功。五、考點1.掌握本課核心詞匯和固定搭配。2.間接引語用法1).在引用別人的原話時，被引用的句子稱為直接引語。例句：“Passmethedictionary,Mike,”shesaid.她說：“給我遞一下詞典，邁克?！盚esuggested,“Let’stakeataxibackhome.”他建議說：“我們乘出租車回家吧?！?).當用自己的話轉述別人的話時，被轉述的部分稱為間接引語。例句：Shetoldmethatshewasgettingmarriednextweek.她告訴我她下周就要結婚了。HesaidthathewouldstayinLondonforaweek.他說他想在倫敦再待一周。3).間接陳述句如果轉述的是陳述句，需要：(1).用連詞that引導，that可以省略例句：Hesaid,“Ihavelostmyumbrella.”他說：“我把傘丟了?！盚esaid(that)hehadlosthisumbrella.他說他丟了他的傘。(2).改變引語謂訴動詞的時態(tài)，使其與主句謂語動詞時態(tài)保持一致動詞變化如下：直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時一般過去時過去完成時一般將來時過去將來時情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞過去時Hesaid,“Theroadisstillblocked.”→Hesaid(that)theroadwasstillblocked.他說路仍然堵著。Paulsaid,“I’mtryingtogetataxi.”→Paulsaid(that)hewastryingtogetataxi.保羅說他正在等出租車。Thepolicemansaid,“Youcanpreventtheaccident.”→ThepolicemansaidthatIcouldpreventtheaccident.警察說我不能阻止那個事故。改變問接陳述句中的時間和地點。變化如下：直接引語間接引語nowthentodaythatdaylastweek/month/yearTheweek/month/yearbeforetomorrowthenextday/thefollowing

daythedayaftertomorrowthetwodays’timenextweek/yearthefollowingweek/yearheretherethisthat根據(jù)句意，改變人稱。例如:Hesaid,“Ilikemynewhouse.”Hesaidthathelikedhisnewhouse.他說他喜歡我的新房子。Hesaid,“We’lldiscussthistomorrow.”Hesaidtheywoulddiscussit/thematterthenextday.他說，他們第二天在討論。例題：把下面的直接引語改成間接引語1.Hesaid,“I’veleftmybookinmyroom.”_________________________________________________2.Shesaid,“Hewillbebusy.”_________________________________________________3.Theteachersaid,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”_________________________________________________4.Myfathersaid,“Practicemakesperfect.”_________________________________________________5.Hesaid,“IhavestudiedEnglishsinceIwasaboy.”_________________________________________________【答案】1.Hesaidthathehadlefthisbookinhisroom.2.Shesaidthathewouldbebusy.3.Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.4.Myfathersaidthatpracticemakesperfect.5.HesaidthathehadstudiedEnglishsincehewasaboy.【解析】考查條直接引語和間接引語的轉換，根據(jù)用法改成相應句子即可。六、易錯點alive，living，live與lively的區(qū)別1.alive意為“活著”，側重說明生與死之間的界限，既可指人，也可指物；可用來作表語，后置定語或賓補。雖有死的可能，但還活著。例句：Nomanaliveisgreaterthanhe.

在活著的人中沒有人比他更偉大了。Hewantedtokeepthefishalive.