2025屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)43完形填空議論文考點(diǎn)歸納

考點(diǎn)43完形填空爭(zhēng)論文高考頻度：★★☆☆☆爭(zhēng)論文是一種通過剖析事物或論述事理來提出主見或發(fā)表見解的文體。爭(zhēng)論文分為兩種，一種是夾敘夾議型，另一種是純爭(zhēng)論型。爭(zhēng)論文是一種剖析事理、論述事物、發(fā)表見解或提出主見的說理性文章。爭(zhēng)論文的目的不僅是客觀地說明事物，還力圖勸服讀者信任并接受某一觀點(diǎn)。爭(zhēng)論文是高考完形填空題中較難的一種體裁，它一般由三個(gè)要素組成：論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和結(jié)論。做好這類題的關(guān)鍵在于要抓住作者的論點(diǎn)。爭(zhēng)論文中對(duì)于論點(diǎn)的提出通常有三種形式：1.開宗明義，干脆提出論點(diǎn)在有些爭(zhēng)論文中作者開頭就提出論點(diǎn)，通過論證，最終提出自己的看法，或提出另一個(gè)話題供大家探討。一般來說，這種形式的爭(zhēng)論文作者看法明確，我們也能很簡(jiǎn)單地把握作者對(duì)某一件事的看法。2.導(dǎo)入式提出論點(diǎn)在有些爭(zhēng)論文中，作者并不是干脆提出自己的觀點(diǎn)，而是通過對(duì)某一現(xiàn)象的論述來贊揚(yáng)或指責(zé)某一事物，進(jìn)而提出自己的觀點(diǎn)，然后再用詳細(xì)的論據(jù)去證明自己的觀點(diǎn)。3.水到渠成式得出結(jié)論在有些爭(zhēng)論文中作者開頭只是列舉一系列生活中的現(xiàn)象，而不是表明自己的觀點(diǎn)，通過對(duì)詳細(xì)現(xiàn)象的分析，最終自然得出結(jié)論，而此結(jié)論就是文章的論點(diǎn)。爭(zhēng)論文形式的完形填空不像記敘文形式的完形填空那么有情景。因此，我們對(duì)整個(gè)文章的把握相對(duì)來說也難得多。解答這類題要遵循下列原則：1.從首尾句入手，抓住中心爭(zhēng)論文的寫作思路一般為：提出問題→分析問題→解決問題。因此，文章的第一、二句話通常為文章的主題句，而文章的結(jié)尾句常為文章的結(jié)論。由此可見，我們必需充分利用文章的首尾句，推想出文章的中心，從而理解全文。2.緊扣信息詞，把握作者觀點(diǎn)考生要弄清文章的行文邏輯，如轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系、對(duì)比關(guān)系、讓步關(guān)系、指代關(guān)系等。有時(shí)文章的第一、二段并不是作者的觀點(diǎn)，而是對(duì)某個(gè)事物的介紹或描述，然后用信息詞，如but，however，yet等將自己的觀點(diǎn)引出，因此，閱讀時(shí)確定要特殊留意這些信息詞。3.從語境入手，確定邏輯關(guān)系句與句之間總要反映出因果、假設(shè)、條件、類推等邏輯關(guān)系。這些邏輯關(guān)系常常通過ontheonehand,ontheotherhand,asaresult,asaconsequence,onthecontrary,aboveall,firstofall,secondly,finally,incase等單詞或短語表達(dá)出來。但有時(shí)作者并不運(yùn)用這些單詞或短語，而是將邏輯關(guān)系暗含于文章中，這就須要考生依據(jù)語境來確定邏輯關(guān)系。4.理清文章的論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和結(jié)論假如我們連論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、結(jié)論都沒把握住的話，只能是漫無目的地選擇答案了。一般說來，能說明論點(diǎn)的答案可以在論據(jù)里得到印證，且作為論點(diǎn)的某些答案也可以與論據(jù)有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來，使論點(diǎn)與論據(jù)相輔相承，從而使整篇文章上下一樣。假如我們所選的答案前后沖突，論點(diǎn)與論據(jù)相悖，最終的結(jié)論與論點(diǎn)自相沖突，那就說明我們對(duì)文章的把握缺乏條理性和系統(tǒng)性，我們就需重新來理順文章的各部分，直到條理清晰為止，然后再依據(jù)自己對(duì)文章的把握及各部分的邏輯關(guān)系選出答案。Childrenandyoungpeopletendtohavecertainrolemodels–peopletheywanttobelikewhentheygrow

1.Though

2childrenwouldhavewishedtocopytheirmother,fatherora(n)

3

relative,graduallytheserolemodelsarethoughtofasfamouspeopleorpopular

4.Peoplehavedifferentopinionsabout

5popularstarsorotherfamouspeoplearegoodrolemodelsforchildren.Charmingmodels,suchasKatiePrice,areoftenadmiredand

6byyounggirls.Thisisthebiggestworryofparentsandteachers.Theywishto

7

theconceptthatsuccessisachievedthroughhardworkand

8

ratherthananattractivelooking.Mostpeopletendtogrowuptobethosewhoare

9

home–theirparentsorfamilyfriends.Somedecidetobeliketheirfavoriteteacher.Achildwholovesto

10

maywanttogrowtobethenextPicassoorVanGogh;Someonewholovesto

11mightimaginethemselvesasafamouswriter;ifachildenjoysdancing,heorshe

12

welladmireafamousdancer,butthisisnotthe

13.Alotofdancestudentswishtobeliketheir

14

teacher.Therefore,thejobofateacheris

15

justprovidingknowledgeofagivensubject.Theyshouldbeableto

16

theirstudents’trustand

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themwell.Helpingyoungsterstolearnfrommodels,tolearnhowtoaccept

18

withgraceandlosingwithdignity,iscentraltoanyparent’sorteacher’sjob.Mannersareveryimportantandadanceteachercan

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hisorherpositionandinfluenceto

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goodbehaviorstoyoungsters.1.A.younger B.stronger C.older D.taller2.A.atfirst B.atlast C.atleast D.atmost3.A.generous B.humorous C.ordinary D.favorite4.A.fans B.singers C.stars D.dancers5.A.that B.whether C.why D.if6.A.caughtupwith B.lookeddownupon C.thoughthighlyof D.madefunof7.A.hold B.encourage C.receive D.ignore8.A.luck B.effort C.imagination D.creativity9.A.similarto B.farfrom C.closeto D.differentfrom10.A.readandwrite B.singanddance C.drawandpaint D.listenandspeak11.A.dance B.think C.sing D.read12.A.may B.should C.must D.need13.A.case B.trouble C.matter D.deal14.A.art B.music C.piano D.dance15.A.betterthan B.morethan C.ratherthan D.lessthan16.A.accept B.lose C.receive D.gain17.A.negotiatewith B.communicatewith C.keepupwith D.putupwith18.A.challenging B.failing C.winning D.falling19.A.takechargeof B.losecontrolof C.getridof D.makeuseof20.A.introduce B.press C.turn D.push【文章大意】這是一篇爭(zhēng)論文。很多青少年都將名人或明星作為自己的偶像。人們對(duì)這種現(xiàn)象持不同觀點(diǎn)。作者認(rèn)為，作為老師或家長(zhǎng)，他們的中心任務(wù)就是要引導(dǎo)青少年正確的向偶像學(xué)習(xí)，以正確的看法對(duì)待成功和失敗。1.C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。young年輕的；strong強(qiáng)壯的，牢固的；old老的；tall高的。由語境可知，孩子和年輕人都有自己的偶像。他們長(zhǎng)大之后想成為像自己偶像那樣的人。故C選項(xiàng)切題。2.A【解析】考查短語辨析。atfirst起初；atlast最終；atleast至少；atmost至多。由后文的＂gradually＂可知，起初，孩子們會(huì)把自己的父母或親戚作為自己的偶像。故A選項(xiàng)正確。3.D【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。generous慷慨的；humorous幽默的；ordinary一般的；favorite最喜愛的。由語境可知，孩子把親戚作為自己的偶像，由此可以推知，這個(gè)親戚確定是他最喜愛的。故D選項(xiàng)切題。4.C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。fan迷；singer歌手；star明星，星星；dancer跳舞者，舞蹈演員。由語境可知，漸漸地，孩子的偶像就會(huì)變成名人或明星。故C選項(xiàng)切題。下文第一句中亦有提示。5.B【解析】考查賓語從句。由語境可知，人們對(duì)于以名人或明星作為偶像是否對(duì)孩子們好持不同觀點(diǎn)。故B選項(xiàng)切題。6.C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。catchupwith趕上；lookdownupon看不起；thinkhighlyof高度贊揚(yáng)；makefunof取笑。該空和前面的admire并列，年輕的女孩子們對(duì)KatiePrice評(píng)價(jià)很高，常常贊美她，以她為偶像。故C選項(xiàng)切題。7.B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。hold拿，握；encourage激勵(lì)；receive收到；ignore忽視。由語境可知，父母希望激勵(lì)這樣一個(gè)觀念：成功是通過努力獲得的而不是通過迷人的外表獲得的。故B選項(xiàng)切題。8.B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。luck運(yùn)氣；effort努力；imagination想象力；creativity創(chuàng)建力。該空和前面的hardwork并列，故B選項(xiàng)切題。成功是通過努力獲得的。B選項(xiàng)切題。9.C【解析】考查形容詞短語辨析。similarto與……相像；farfrom遠(yuǎn)離……；closeto離……近；differentfrom和……不同。由后文的theirparentsorfamilyfriends可知，大部分人長(zhǎng)大之后往往成為和自己離得近的人。故C選項(xiàng)切題。10.C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。readandwrite讀寫；singanddance唱歌跳舞；drawandpaint畫畫和繪畫；listenandspeak聽和寫。PicassoorVanGogh都是畫家的名字，故可知，喜愛畫畫的孩子希望成為下一個(gè)畢加索或梵高。C選項(xiàng)切題。11.D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。dance跳舞；think想，認(rèn)為；sing唱；read讀。由后文的＂writer＂可知，喜愛閱讀的人希望自己成為一名作家。故D選項(xiàng)切題。12.A【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。may可能，可以；should應(yīng)當(dāng)；must必需；need須要，必要。maywell意為＂很可能＂。一個(gè)喜愛跳舞的人很可能想成為一名聞名的舞蹈家。故A選項(xiàng)切題。13.A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。case狀況，案例，病例；trouble麻煩；matter事情，問題，物質(zhì)；deal協(xié)定，交易，大量。由語境可知，狀況并非總是如此。A選項(xiàng)切題。14.D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。art藝術(shù)；music音樂；piano鋼琴；dance舞蹈。很多學(xué)舞蹈的學(xué)生希望成為像他們舞蹈老師那樣的人。故D選項(xiàng)切題。15.B【解析】考查短語辨析。betterthan比……好；morethan超過，比……多；ratherthan而不是；lessthan比……少。由語境可知，老師的工作不僅僅只是向?qū)W生傳授學(xué)問。B選項(xiàng)切題。16.D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。accept接受；lose失去；receive收到；gain獲得。由語境可知，老師應(yīng)當(dāng)能夠獲得學(xué)生的信任。故D選項(xiàng)切題。17.B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。negotiatewith和……談判，協(xié)商；communicatewith和……溝通；keepupwith跟上；putupwith容忍，忍受。由語境可知，老師應(yīng)當(dāng)獲得學(xué)生的信任并且和學(xué)生進(jìn)行良好的溝通。故B選項(xiàng)切題。18.C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。challenge挑戰(zhàn)；fail失??；win獲勝；fall落下，摔倒。由語境可知，老師或者父母的中心職責(zé)就是要幫助青少年像偶像學(xué)習(xí)，教給他們?nèi)绾蝺?yōu)雅地接受成功，如何在失敗的時(shí)候保持尊嚴(yán)。win和后文的lose對(duì)應(yīng)。故C選項(xiàng)切題。19.D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。takechargeof負(fù)責(zé)，管理；losecontrolof失去對(duì)……的限制；getridof擺脫，除去；makeuseof利用。由語境可知，舞蹈老師可以利用自己的職位和影響將好的行為介紹給青少年。故D選項(xiàng)切題。20.A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。introduce介紹，引入；press按，壓；turn翻轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；push推，逼迫。結(jié)合上一題解析可知，A選項(xiàng)切題。題組一（高考真題）Cloze1(2024·福建卷) Oneoftheeasiestthingsintheworldistobecomeafault-finder.However,lifecanbe1whenyouarenotbusyfindingfaultwithit. SeveralyearsagoI2aletterfromseventeen-year-oldKerry,whodescribedherselfasaworld-classfault-finder,almostalways3bythings.Peoplewerealwaysdoingthingsthatannoyedher,and4wasevergoodenough.Shewashighlyself-criticalandalsofoundfaultwithherfriends.Shebecameareally5person. Unfortunately,ittookahorribleaccidenttochangeher6.Herbestfriendwasseriouslyhurtinacarcrash.Whatmadeitalmost7todealwithwasthatthedaybeforethe8,Kerryhadvisitedherfriendandhadspentthewholetimecriticizingher9ofboyfriends,thewayshewasliving,thewaysherelatedtohermother,andvariousotherthingsshefeltsheneededto10.Itwasn’tuntilherfriendwasbadlyhurtthatKerrybecame11herhabitoffindingfault.Veryquickly,shelearnedtoappreciateliferatherthanto12everythingsoharshly(苛刻).Shewasabletotransferhernewwisdomtootherpartsofher13aswell. Perhapsmostofusaren’tasextremeatfault-finding,14whenwe’rehonest,wecanbesharply15oftheworld.I’mnotsuggestingyou16problems,orthatyoupretendthingsare17thantheyare,butsimplythatyoulearntoallowthingstobeastheyare—18mostofthetime,andespeciallywhenit’snotareallybig19. Trainyourselfto＂biteyourtongue＂,andwithalittle20,you’llgetreallygoodatlettingthingsgo.Andwhenyoudo,you’llgetbackyourenthusiasmandloveforlife.1.A.lonely B.great C.quiet D.uneasy2.A.received B.answered C.expected D.rejected3.A.threatened B.interrupted C.bothered D.spoiled4.A.anything B.everything C.something D.nothing5.A.caring B.boring C.interesting D.surprising6.A.attitude B.plan C.measure D.explanation7.A.urgent B.unnecessary C.certain D.impossible8.A.occasion B.event C.accident D.adventure9.A.memory B.notice C.evidence D.choice10.A.hear B.contribute C.express D.admit11.A.awareof B.afraidof C.curiousabout D.confusedabout12.A.discuss B.realize C.judge D.settle13.A.family B.life C.career D.education14.A.so B.or C.but D.for15.A.proud B.sure C.hopeful D.critical16.A.face B.create C.solve D.ignore17.A.rarer B.better C.stranger D.worse18.A.atleast B.atlast C.byfar D.sofar19.A.task B.deal C.result D.duty20.A.practice B.speech C.rest D.pityCloze2(2024·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) Asageneralrule,allformsofactivityleadtoboredomwhentheyareperformedonaroutine(常規(guī))basis.Asamatteroffact,wecanseethis1atworkinpeopleofall2.Forexample,onChristmasmorning,childrenareexcitedabout3withtheirnewtoys.Buttheir4soonwearsoffandbyJanuarythose5toyscanbefoundputawayinthebasement.Theworldisfullof6stampalbumsandunfinishedmodels,eachstandingasamonumenttosomeone’s7interest.Whenparentsbringhomeapet,theirchild8bathesitandbrushesitsfur.Withinashorttime,however,the9ofcaringfortheanimalishandedovertotheparents.Adolescentsenterhighschoolwithgreat10butaresoonlookingforwardto11.Thesameistrueoftheyoungadultsgoingtocollege.Andthen,howmany12,whonowcomplain(埋怨)aboutthelongdrivestowork,13droveforhoursatatimewhentheyfirst14theirdriver’slicenses(執(zhí)照)?Beforepeopleretire,theyusually15todoalotof16things,whichtheyneverhad17todowhileworking.But18afterretirement,thegolfing,thefishing,thereadingandalloftheotherpastimesbecomeasboringasthejobsthey19.And,likethechildinJanuary,theygosearchingfornew20.1.A.principle B.habit C.way D.power2.A.parties B.races C.countries D.ages3.A.working B.living C.playing D.going4.A.confidence B.interest C.anxiety D.sorrow5.A.same B.extra C.funny D.expensive6.A.well-organized B.colorfully-printed C.newly-collected D.half-filled7.A.broad B.passing C.different D.main8.A.silently B.impatiently C.gladly D.worriedly9.A.promise B.burden C.right D.game10.A.courage B.calmness C.confusion D.excitement11.A.graduation B.independence C.responsibility D.success12.A.children B.students C.adults D.retirees13.A.carefully B.eagerly C.nervously D.bravely14.A.required B.obtained C.noticed D.discovered15.A.need B.learn C.start D.plan16.A.great B.strange C.difficult D.correct17.A.time B.money C.skills D.knowledge18.A.only B.well C.even D.soon19.A.lost B.chose C.left D.quit20.A.pets B.toys C.friends D.colleagues題組二（2024年名校模擬題）Close1（2024·上海市試驗(yàn)學(xué)校月考）LawmakersinNewJerseyrecentlyadvancedabillthatwouldbanbusinessesfromgoingcashless—amovethatwouldputthestateatoddswiththeglobaltrendtowardelectronicpaymentsbutwould1resistancefromlocalofficialswhoseeno-cashpoliciesasunfair.Almost1of3Americansin2024saytheydon'tusecashduringatypicalweekofpurchases,accordingtothePewstudyreleasedthisweek.ThefindingsreveallifethatAmericansarebecominglessreliantonpapercurrency,mirroring2inSweden,IndiaandChina.Butstateandlocalofficialssaythatrestaurantsandshopsdothatadoptcashlesspolicieshaveleftsomemembersofthecommunitybehind—individualswithoutthe3toopenabankaccountorwholackaccesstolinesofcreditorthemobileappsthatpowerdigitalpayments.TheNewJerseymeasure,whichwouldapplyonlytoface-to-facesalesandwould4internetandphonepurchases,comesasofficialspush5effortstobarno-cashrulesinNewYorkandPhiladelphia.6cashlesspoliciesofferconsumersthepromiseofconvenienceandprovidebusinessesgreaterprotectionagainsttheft,theyalsocanexcludelow-incomeconsumersorundocumentedimmigrants,criticssay."Cash-freebusinessesarediscriminatorybydesignandpose7tolow-incomecommunitiesthatmaynothaveaccesstocreditordebit,"NewYorkCouncilmemberTorressaidonTwitterwhenheintroducedabillthatwouldbanthepractice.AccordingtothePewstudy,thedeclineintheuseof8currencyisunevenamongthepopulationwhenrace,ageandincomeareaccountedfor.Pewfoundasignificant9incashlessadoptiontiedtoannualhouseholdincome,withadultsmakingatleast$75,000morethantwiceaslikelytomakealltheirpurchaseswithoutusingcashinatypicalweek,10withpeoplewhomakelessthan$30,000.ThePewfindingssuggestthatthe11ofgoingcashlessmaycomewithacostthatonlysomegroupsofpeoplewillbear.Americanswithlowerincomesareroughlyfourtimesaslikelythanhigherearnerstomakealmostalloftheirpurchaseswithcash,accordingtothestudy.Ashasbeennoted,businessleadershave12cashlesspoliciesbypointingtohighersecurityand13customerserviceandefficiency.Someadvocateshavefocusedonprovidingpeoplewhoareunderservedbythe14bankingsystemwithmoreaffordableoptions,attackingtherootcausebehindthe15ofcashlesspayments.1．A．setup B．putup C．backup D．stepup2．A．deposits B．exchanges C．shifts D．currencies3．A．ideas B．means C．directions D．outlets4．A．a(chǎn)ttract B．exclude C．a(chǎn)dvance D．include5．A．opposite B．a(chǎn)ssociated C．similar D．collective6．A．While B．Provided C．Because D．As7．A．discounts B．traps C．challenges D．risks8．A．electronic B．physical C．virtual D．circulating9．A．similarity B．expense C．gap D．consumption10．A．linked B．a(chǎn)ssociated C．combined D．compared11．A．outcomes B．effects C．benefits D．disadvantages12．A．a(chǎn)dopted B．defended C．developed D．criticized13．A．hindered B．a(chǎn)ccomplished C．improved D．desired14．A．traditional B．fading C．a(chǎn)ggressive D．unqualified15．A．transformations B．developments C．criticisms D．creationsClose2（2024·上海寶山·月考）Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD．Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Asachild,whatdidyouwanttobewhenyougrewup?Ifyouwerelikemostchildren,youprobablyletyourimaginationrun16.Maybeyoudreamedofflyingintospaceorbeingafamouschef.Thenperhapsovertheyears,yourdreamsbecamemore17Oryoumighthavegivenuponsomealtogether.Ifthat’sthecase,thentoday’sthedayforyou.January13thisMakeYourDreamsComeTrueDay.Ifyou’vebeen18fulfillingyourdreams,thisisthedaytomakeafreshstart.It’simportanttodreambecausedreamscangiveusthe19tosucceedinlife.Dreamsinspireandmotivateus.Thegreatthingaboutdreamsisthatthere’sno20toaccomplishthemrightaway.Theymighttakeafewyearsortheymighttakealifetimeto21.Theimportantthingisthatyou’re22workingtowardyourdream.Andthebestwaytodothatisbysettinggoals.Whatisthe23betweenadreamandagoal?It’sbeensaidthatdreamsarethefinaldestination;goalsarethestopsalongtheway.Dreamscanbevery24.Butthestepsyoutaketoreachthemshouldbevery25.Yourdreamsstatewhatyouwant,butgoalsexplainhowyou’llgetthere.Thatmakesgoalsetinganecessarystepin26yourdreams.Manysuccessfulpeoplehavespokenaboutdreams.FormerU.S.SecretaryofStateColinPowellstressedthe27ofworkingforourdreams.“Adreamdoesn’tbecomerealitythroughmagic:ittakessweat,28andhardwork.“AuthorLesBrownremindedusthatdreamshaveno29limit.Youarenevertoooldtosetanothergoalortodreamanewdream.Ifyou’vebeendreamingaboutdoingsomethingforyears,starttoday.Writedownyodream,and30yourgoals.Thenyou’llbeonyourwaytomakingyourdreamscometrue.16．A．fast B．high C．well D．wild.17．A．colorful B．a(chǎn)mazing C．realistic D．a(chǎn)ttractive18．A．puttingoff B．takingoff C．gettingoff D．payingoff19．A．opportunity B．direction C．energy D．a(chǎn)ccess20．A．pressure B．doubt C．sense D．need21．A．seek B．a(chǎn)chieve C．explain D．design22．A．really B．a(chǎn)lmost C．a(chǎn)lways D．hardly23．A．concept B．similarity C．comparison D．difference24．A．unreal B．general C．changeable D．flexible25．A．specific B．a(chǎn)bstract C．common D．complicated26．A．imaging B．a(chǎn)voiding C．reaching D．believing27．A．process B．benefit C．consequence D．importance28．A．blood B．determination C．intelligence D．loyalty29．A．a(chǎn)ge B．extra C．space D．normal30．A．transfer B．convert C．establish D．devoteClose3（2024·上海市北虹高級(jí)中學(xué)月考）IsHelicopterParentingNecessary?We’veallheardthedangersofhelicopterparenting.Remainingtoo46inakid’slife,especiallythroughoutcollege,canleadtodepression,lackofself-relianceandfeelingsofentitlement.Superficially,thiswisdomissound.Butsomeacademicsandeducatorsnowsaytheyseesignsofatroublingbacklash(反沖).Theconcern:warningsthatmomsanddadsshould47“theoverparentingtrap”—arediscouragingparentsfromgettinginvolvedatall.Yes,parentscanbeintrusive.48,thereareincreasingexamplesofparentsrefusingtostepupwhenstudentsgenuinelyneedtheirfamily.Onemomkept49aboutherson’ssignsofdepressionuntilrightbeforehefailedasemester.Shedidnotwantto“helicopterin.”Thatmeanscolleges,whichhavespentthepastdecadelearningto50parentswhogettooinvolved,nowhaveadifferent51.Butthesolutiontobothisthesame:devisingwaystochannelmomsanddadsintotherightkindof52role.Muchofthisbeganbecauseschoolswereforcedtocopewithagenerationofstudents53withtheirparentslikeneverbefore,thankstosmartphones.Andwith54ineducationsoaring,universityleadershavestartedtoviewparentsasinvestmentpartners.Mostofthemhavepaidforthiseducationfortheirchildrenorgoneintodebtforthiseducation.Andinsomesense,they’reentitledtoknowandbeassuredthatcollegesare55theirchildren’swelfare.Crucially,parent-outreachprogramshavealsoservedasbuffers(緩沖),56students—orworse,theirprofessors—thediscomfortofthenagging.AttheUniversityofMaryland,forexample,theparentofficehashandled57forweeklyacademic-progressreports,whichdonotexistinhighereducation.Parentsjustwanttoknowtheyhaveaplacetogowheresomeonewilllistentotheirconcerns.Butnow,withsomemomsanddadscautiousofevencontactingtheschoolinthefirstplace,thosesameprogramsarebeingusedtoencourageamorebalancedapproach,oftenviablogs,emailandFacebook.Parentsarenowadvisedtobeaguide,whileacknowledgingthatthe58ownsthejourney.Thatmeansaskingquestions,listeningtoanswers,beingpatientandtrustingkidstoresolvetheirownproblems.Butifissues59,orifastudentisinseriousmentalorphysicaldanger,italsomeanshoppinginthechopper,atleastforalittlewhile.“Whenyouthinkaboutit,helicoptersareusefultools,”saysChelseaPetree,whoislaunchingaparent-outreachprogram.“Theycanseethingsweonthe60can’tseeandgettoemergenciesquickerthanwecan.Theycanswoopinwhenneeded.Thekeyisthattheygobackup.”46．A．independent B．involved C．a(chǎn)ttached D．enclosed47．A．set B．sense C．a(chǎn)void D．ensure48．A．Besides B．Similarly C．Actually D．However49．A．a(chǎn)lert B．quiet C．informed D．concerned50．A．copewith B．identifywith C．turndown D．settledown51．A．a(chǎn)ttitude B．problem C．a(chǎn)pproach D．nature52．A．supportive B．informative C．neutral D．superior53．A．communicated B．matched C．obsessed D．connected54．A．complaints B．costs C．demands D．sufferings55．A．takingcareof B．keepingtrackof C．lookingforwardto D．takingpartin56．A．costing B．winning C．granting D．sparing57．A．demands B．passion C．distraction D．priorities58．A．professor B．parent C．student D．college59．A．persist B．exist C．a(chǎn)rise D．decline60．A．surface B．ground C．panel D．craftClose4（2024·上海高三）GrowingAdoptionofGreenCleaningWhenwecleanthebathroom,we’vegotallkindsofstufftohelpusout:acleaningsolutionthatremovesdirtymarksfromtheshowerwallsandsomethinginasqueezebottlethatmakesthetoiletsparklingclean.Whenallisdone,theroomisneatandclean,61dirtandbacteria.There’sjustoneproblem—the62weusedtocleancanbeharmfultopeopleandtheenvironment.Forthisreason,manypeoplesaythattraditionalcleanersshouldbe63andreplacedwithlessharmful“green”products.Theproblem64thefactthatsomecleaningproductscontainharshchemicalsthatjustaren’thealthyforhumans,animals,ortheplanet.Thinkofthe65comingfromafactoryandgettingintotheair.Thesmokecreatesairpollution,whichharmstheenvironmentandmakesusfeelillwhenwebreatheitin.66,thechemicalsincleaningproductspollutetheairandcanhurtuswhenwebreathetheminorwhentheygetonourskin.However,notallcleaningproductsareharmful.Greenproducts,whichdonotcontainharshchemicals,aresaidtobegood67becausetheyareeffectiveatcleaningandaresafeforpeopleandfortheplanet.68aboutchemicalshasledmanystatestorequireschoolsandgovernmentbuildingstouseenvironmentallyfriendlycleaningproductsinsteadofproductscontainingpoisonouschemicals.Lastyear,10statesrequiredtheuseofgreenproductsandatleast5otherstateswereconsidering69insupportoftheseproducts.Aproposedbillwouldapplytobathroomandfloorcleaners,handsoap,toiletpaper,papertowels,andetc.Manygreencleaningproductsarewidelyavailableatprices70traditionalproducts.Insomecases,manufacturersreceivegreencertificationsforproductstheyhavelonghadonthemarket,andthepricesoftheseproductsremainlow.Butnoteveryonesharestheviewaboutthe71ofgreenproducts.Toiletpaper,trashbagsandpapertowelmadefromrecycledmaterialscancostupto20%morethantraditionalproducts,saidStephen,directoroftheGreenCleaningNetwork.So,72oftheproposedlegislationareconcernedaboutthepotentiallyhighercostsforsomegreenproducts.Thesecriticssaythatstatesshouldnotdeterminewhichproducts73institutesandagenciesmustbuy,especiallyiftheyincreasecosts,sincemanyuniversitiesarealreadystrugglingfinancially.Somestateshavemadecompromises(妥協(xié))tohelp74concernsaboutcosts.InWisconsin,arecentadjustmenttothebillwouldgiveschoolsandagenciesthreeyearsinsteadofonetobeginusinggreenproducts.Itwouldalso75themtoquitiftheycouldshowthattheircostswouldincrease.61．A．farfrom B．freeof C．nonebut D．filledwith62．A．brushes B．cloth C．solutions D．paper63．A．recycled B．renewed C．reserved D．rejected64．A．a(chǎn)ccountsfor B．resultsin C．stemsfrom D．turnsout65．A．smoke B．drains C．products D．spray66．A．Nevertheless B．Similarly C．Obviously D．Meanwhile67．A．a(chǎn)lternatives B．maintenance C．production D．resolutions68．A．Complaint B．Concern C．Investigation D．Knowledge69．A．campaign B．debate C．legislation D．vote70．A．higherthan B．cheaperthan C．similarto D．basedon71．A．a(chǎn)ffordability B．a(chǎn)vailability C．feasibility D．practicality72．A．supporters B．directors C．lawyers D．opponents73．A．a(chǎn)cademic B．industrial C．medical D．financial74．A．evaluate B．emphasize C．voice D．a(chǎn)ddress75．A．a(chǎn)dvise B．encourage C．a(chǎn)llow D．sponsor題組一Cloze1 【文章大意】這是一篇爭(zhēng)論文。文章通過講解并描述Kerry從一個(gè)吹毛求疵的人變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)學(xué)會(huì)感恩生活的人，告知我們＂要管好你的嘴＂，尋回從前對(duì)生活的熱忱。1.B【解析】從下文內(nèi)容可知，本文作者不贊同人們老是挑毛病，所以用great表示當(dāng)你不忙于挑毛病時(shí)生活會(huì)很精彩。2.A【解析】receivealetterfromsb.＂收到某人的來信＂。3.C【解析】依據(jù)下文的＂Peoplewerealwaysdoingthingsthatannoyedher＂(人們做的事總是惹她生氣)可知，此處用bother表示＂使(某人)苦惱＂。4.D【解析】依據(jù)and前面的句子可知，此處表示＂沒有一件事情她覺得好＂，所以用nothing。5.B【解析】此處用boring表示＂令人厭煩的＂。6.A【解析】依據(jù)下文可知，這場(chǎng)意外變更了她的看法。attitude＂看法＂。7.D【解析】事故發(fā)生前一天Kerry探望了她的這個(gè)摯友并始終挑摯友的毛病。據(jù)此可知，這使得事情幾乎無法應(yīng)對(duì)。8.C【解析】依據(jù)上文的＂ittookahorribleaccident＂可知，此處選C。9.D【解析】Kerry指責(zé)她的摯友對(duì)男摯友的選擇。choice＂選擇＂。10.C【解析】空處所在的句子是定語從句，variousotherthings是先行詞，關(guān)系詞that/which代替先行詞在從句中作賓語，所以用express＂表達(dá)＂。11.A【解析】直到她的摯友嚴(yán)峻受傷Kerry才意識(shí)到她挑毛病的習(xí)慣。awareof＂意識(shí)到＂；afraidof＂膽怯 ＂；curiousabout＂新奇＂；confusedabout＂感到困惑＂。12.C【解析】judge＂推斷，評(píng)價(jià)＂。此處judge…h(huán)arshly和上文的＂appreciatelife＂形成對(duì)比。13.B【解析】她也能夠把她的新才智轉(zhuǎn)移到她生活的其他方面。14.C【解析】上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以用but。15.D【解析】becriticalof和findfaultwith是同義短語。16.D【解析】依據(jù)上下文可知，不挑剔并不意味著忽視問題。ignore＂忽視＂。17.B【解析】或者假裝事情比真實(shí)狀況要好。18.A【解析】至少大多數(shù)時(shí)候是這樣的。atleast＂至少＂。19.B【解析】abigdeal是固定搭配，含義為＂重要的事情＂。20.A【解析】依據(jù)上下文可知，要做到這一點(diǎn)須要的是少量的訓(xùn)練。practice＂練習(xí)，訓(xùn)練＂。Cloze2 【文章大意】本文通過舉例說明這樣一個(gè)道理：各種形式的活動(dòng)，假如人們常常做，都會(huì)產(chǎn)生厭倦心情。1.A【解析】其實(shí)，我們可從各年齡段的人們身上看到這個(gè)準(zhǔn)則是如何起作用的。第一段的第一句出現(xiàn)短語Asageneralrule，本空填principle呼應(yīng)名詞rule。2.D【解析】各年齡段的人都會(huì)產(chǎn)生厭倦心情。從下文可知，孩子厭倦玩具、少年厭倦中學(xué)、青年厭倦高校、成年人厭倦開車、老年人厭倦退休后的生活。因此本空填ages。3.C【解析】在圣誕節(jié)早上，孩子們一起先很喜愛玩(playing)他們的新玩具。4.B【解析】但是，不久他們對(duì)新玩具的愛好(interest)漸漸消逝了。5.A【解析】到了一月，同樣的(same)玩具再也不能吸引孩子們了，他們就把那些玩具收起來了。6.D【解析】生活中滿是裝滿一半(half-filled)郵票的集郵冊(cè)和沒有完工的模型。后文的＂unfinished＂是關(guān)鍵信息。7.B【解析】這些東西說明很多人曾經(jīng)喜愛某一件事，結(jié)果半途而廢。他們的愛好是短暫的(passing)。故選B。

8.C【解析】當(dāng)父母帶回家一個(gè)寵物時(shí)，孩子興奮地(gladly)為它洗澡、刷它的毛。9.B【解析】但是，過不了多久，照看動(dòng)物的重?fù)?dān)(burden)又被移交給了父母。10.D【解析】青少年帶著極大的興奮之情(excitement)進(jìn)入中學(xué)。11.A【解析】但是，不久他們就盼望著畢業(yè)(graduation)。12.C【解析】前句中的youngadults示意下文談?wù)摰氖浅赡耆?。依?jù)文意可知，埋怨每天開車上班花費(fèi)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的人，應(yīng)當(dāng)是成年人。13.B【解析】而當(dāng)他們剛剛拿到駕照時(shí)，他們翹首企盼(eagerly)一次開好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。eagerly＂渴望地＂，符合文意。14.B【解析】obtain＂得到＂。這里指考取駕照。15.D【解析】在退休前，人們通常安排(plan)做很多事情。16.A【解析】這些事情是他們上班時(shí)沒有時(shí)間做的大事(greatthings)。17.A【解析】參見上題解析。他們上班太忙了，沒有時(shí)間(time)做這些事情。18.D【解析】但是，退休后不久(soon)，像打高爾夫、釣魚、閱讀及其他全部的消遣方式都變得沒有意思了。19.C【解析】那些消遣方式就像他們剛離開(leave)的工作一樣，特別乏味。20.B【解析】這些退休老人遭受的境況，就像一月的孩子一樣，起先找新玩具(toys)，尋求刺激了。題組二Close1（2024·上海市試驗(yàn)學(xué)校月考）【答案】1．C2．C3．B4．B5．C6．A7．C8．B9．C10．D11．C12．B13．C14．A15．C【解析】這是一篇爭(zhēng)論文。主要講解并描述了新澤西州新頒發(fā)的法案禁止企業(yè)無現(xiàn)金交易，從多角度分析了無現(xiàn)金支付的當(dāng)下形式，進(jìn)一步指出了其中的優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)。1．考查固定搭配。句意：新澤西州的立法者最近提出了一項(xiàng)法案，禁止企業(yè)無現(xiàn)金交易。此舉將使該州與全球電子支付趨勢(shì)南轅北轍，但會(huì)支持當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T的抵制，他們認(rèn)為無現(xiàn)金政策是不公允的。A.setup設(shè)置；B.putup張貼；C.backup支持；D.stepup加緊。依據(jù)第三段中“NewYorkCouncilmemberTorressaidonTwitterwhenheintroducedabillthatwouldbanthepractice.”可知此處表示新法案將支持官員對(duì)于無現(xiàn)金政策的抵制。故選C項(xiàng)。2．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些發(fā)覺揭示了美國(guó)人的生活越來越不依靠紙幣，這也是瑞典、印度和中國(guó)變更的真實(shí)寫照。A.deposits存款；B.exchanges交易；C.shifts轉(zhuǎn)變；D.currencies貨幣。依據(jù)上句“ThefindingsreveallifethatAmericansarebecominglessreliantonpapercurrency”可知美國(guó)人對(duì)于現(xiàn)金的依靠越來越少，這是一種轉(zhuǎn)變。故選C項(xiàng)。3．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是州和地方官員說，餐館和商店采納無現(xiàn)金政策的做法使社區(qū)中的某些成員落在了后面——某些人無法開設(shè)銀行賬戶，或者無法運(yùn)用信貸額度或支持?jǐn)?shù)