2025屆高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)與測試專題二閱讀七選五第一講利用設(shè)空位置解題課件

專題二閱讀七選五[研高考·辨考向]項(xiàng)目卷別主題語境文章話題考查體裁篇章詞數(shù)設(shè)空位置段首段中段尾新高考全國卷I2024人與自我詞典的使用說明文3071402023人與自我學(xué)會(huì)自我原諒說明文3050412022人與自我尋找健身伙伴說明文311041項(xiàng)目卷別主題語境文章話題考查體裁篇章詞數(shù)設(shè)空位置段首段中段尾新高考全國卷Ⅱ2024人與社會(huì)緩解過度旅游的方法說明文2951312023人與社會(huì)開啟藝術(shù)之旅說明文3011312022人與自我寫文章的技巧明文說286140分析通過對(duì)近三年新高考全國卷閱讀七選五試題的分析，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)閱讀七選五有以下特點(diǎn)：1．文章體裁：以說明文為主。2．短文長度：閱讀材料一般是一篇長度為300詞左右的短文，其中正文240詞左右，備選項(xiàng)60詞左右，且選項(xiàng)按照由短到長的順序依次排列。3．考點(diǎn)設(shè)置：設(shè)空位置多集中在段中，主要考查上下文過渡句、細(xì)節(jié)句等；近年來小標(biāo)題的考查沒有涉及，但也不應(yīng)忽略；段首、段尾句主要考查主題句、過渡句或結(jié)論性語句。[抓規(guī)律·找依據(jù)]第一講利用設(shè)空位置解題題型一段首設(shè)空題設(shè)空在段首，要么與段落標(biāo)題相關(guān)聯(lián)，要么是段落主題句，要么是段落過渡句，因此選項(xiàng)要有概括性，要么承接上段，要么是對(duì)本段內(nèi)容的概括。若是針對(duì)段落小標(biāo)題設(shè)空，其呈現(xiàn)形式應(yīng)和其他小標(biāo)題相同。[典例1]

(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅱ)OvertourismIsForReal:HowCanYouHelp?

Travelpromotesunderstanding,expandsourminds,makesusbetterpeople,andboostslocaleconomiesandcommunities,buttherapidgrowthoftravelhasledtoovertourismincertainregionsanddestinations...Herearesometipsonmakingwisedecisionstominimizepressureontheplaceswevisitandimproveourexperience.·Choosemindfully.

...·Getcreative.

...·39.___________________________________Minimizeimpactandmaximizeexperiencebyskippingmajorholidaysorrushhour.You'llcompetewithfewertourists,savemoney,experienceadifferentsideofapopularplace,andboosttheeconomywhentourismistraditionallyslower.A．Visitduringoff-peaktimes.A．Visitduringoff-peaktimes.B．So,shouldwestoptraveling?C．Travelforyouandnooneelse.D．Canovertourismbeavoidedthen?E．Youcanstillfindrelativelyundiscoveredplaces.F．You'llfindyourselfvirtuallyalone,orclosetoit.G．Considergivingbacktothecommunitiesyou'revisiting.[解析]

本空考查段落標(biāo)題句。觀察其他小標(biāo)題特點(diǎn)：祈使句，短小精悍。所以答案限定在A或C中。根據(jù)本段中的信息句“skippingmajorholidaysorrushhour”可知，本段建議避開重大假期或高峰時(shí)間旅行，即“非高峰時(shí)間去旅游”。技法點(diǎn)撥：[典例2]

(2024·全國甲卷)

40．________________________________Ahealthybreakfastcanstartyourmetabolism(新陳代謝),whileeatingsmall,healthymealskeepsyourenergyupallday.Avoideatinglateatnight.Trytoeatdinnerearlierandfastfor14-16hoursuntilbreakfastthenextmorning.Studiessuggestthateatingonlywhenyou'remostactiveandgivingyourdigestivesystemalongbreakeachdaymayhelptoregulateweight.A．Eatproperlythroughouttheday.A．Eatproperlythroughouttheday.B．Wedon'talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.C．Don'tswallowamealonthewaytowork.D．Mostofusneedtodoubletheamountweeat.E．Instead,surroundyourselfwithhealthychoices.F．Formanyofus,moderationmeanseatinglessthanwedonow.G．Thatwon'tleadtocheatingorgivinguponyourneweatingplan.[解析]

本空考查段落主題句。根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知，本段講述了從早到晚如何合理飲食。技法點(diǎn)撥：[典例3]

(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)

Ikeeptworeferencebooksclose-byonmydesk：dictionaryandthesaurus(同義詞詞典).Idon'ttrustmylaptop'sspellchecker.37.Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.Ofcourse,thesedaysthereareplentyofonlinedictionariesandthesauruses,butI'mold-fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcanleafthroughwithmyfingers.IusetheConcise

Oxford

DictionaryandtheCollins

Thesaurus.

38．____________________________________________Itshouldgiveyouaprecisedefinitionofeachword,thusdifferentiatingitfromotherwordswhosemeaningsaresimilar,butnotidentical.Itwillalsousuallyshowhowthewordispronounced.E.Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling.A．Idon'toftenusethisdictionary.B．Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.C．ButIstilldon'twanttoreplacethem.D．Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.E．Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling.F．Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes.G．Dictionariesdon'talwaysgiveyouenoughinformation.[解析]

本空考查段落過渡句。根據(jù)上段內(nèi)容可知，上段提到詞典的單詞拼寫功能又根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知，該段講述了詞典具備的其他功能?？仗帒?yīng)引出下文，使上下文銜接。技法點(diǎn)撥：題型二段中設(shè)空題段中設(shè)空屬于對(duì)主題句的展開，通常考查與前后句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系和上下文的銜接。段中設(shè)空的特點(diǎn)主要是以轉(zhuǎn)折手法引出主題句，或者是用來承上啟下的過渡句，也可能是補(bǔ)充上文的具體事實(shí)、事例和說明。解答此類試題時(shí)，考生首先應(yīng)確定所缺的句子是細(xì)節(jié)句還是過渡句，對(duì)于這兩類句子，應(yīng)采用不同的方法來解題。[典例4]

(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)

Notallgreatwritersaregreatspellers.Ifyouwanttobepublished,it'svitaltosubmitaperfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript(原稿).36._______________________________________________Noeditorislikelytotolerateawriterwhodoesnottakethetroubletospellwordscorrectly.F.Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes.A．Idon'toftenusethisdictionary.B．Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.C．ButIstilldon'twanttoreplacethem.D．Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.E．Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling.F．Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes.G．Dictionariesdon'talwaysgiveyouenoughinformation.[解析]

本空考查段中細(xì)節(jié)句。閱讀空前后內(nèi)容可知，空前談到如果想要出版圖書，提交一份完美的、專業(yè)的手稿至關(guān)重要；空后提到?jīng)]有編輯會(huì)容忍一個(gè)不愿花心思拼寫正確單詞的作家。所以內(nèi)處應(yīng)進(jìn)一步解釋完美、專業(yè)的手稿是什么樣子的，且根據(jù)下句中的相關(guān)詞spellwordscorrectly可確定選項(xiàng)。技法點(diǎn)撥：題型三段尾設(shè)空題設(shè)空在段尾，通常為結(jié)論性、概括性語句，若不是結(jié)論性、概括性語句，則考慮是過渡句，即通過空格把本段與下一段巧妙地銜接起來。[典例5]

(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅱ)

?Choosemindfully.Overvisiteddestinationsarethatwayforareason:they'respecial.Withsomanyonlinepostsfeaturingthesameplaces,it'seasytofeellikeyou'remissingout.Gosomewhereonlywhenthelandscape,cultureorfooddeeplydrawsyou.37._____________________________________C．Travelforyouandnooneelse.A．Visitduringoff-peaktimes.B．So,shouldwestoptraveling?C．Travelforyouandnooneelse.D．Canovertourismbeavoidedthen?E．Youcanstillfindrelativelyundiscoveredplaces.F．You'llfindyourselfvirtuallyalone,orclosetoit.G．Considergivingbacktothecommunitiesyou'revisiting.[解析]

本題考查段落總結(jié)句。本段主旨句是“Choosemindfully.”，再根據(jù)空前信息句“Gosomewhere...drawsyou.”可推知，只有當(dāng)目的地的景色、文化或食物真正吸引你時(shí)你再去。空處在結(jié)尾處，應(yīng)該緊扣本段主旨句和空前內(nèi)容，點(diǎn)明旅行應(yīng)是為自己而不是為別人，與上文形成順承關(guān)系。技法點(diǎn)撥：[典例6]

(2024·浙江卷1月)

Ihavethesame24hoursinadayasyoudo，butIhavemadespecificchoicesthatallowmetomakethemostofeveryday,andstillfeelhappyandrelaxed.31.____________________________________________________________

·Pickthemostimportant.

...·Combineyouractivities.

...F.Perhapsthesetipswillhelpyoumakethemostofyourtime.·34.Beanactivelearner.

...·Lightenup.

...A．Speedup.B．Beanactivelearner.C．Stoptryingtobalancetimebetweenthemall.D．Makechoicesaboutwhatismeaningfulinyourlife.E．Thethingsyoudowellusuallygiveyougreaterjoy.F．Perhapsthesetipswillhelpyoumakethemostofyourtime.G．Thisiswhymakinglistsisimportantinanyproductivityhandbook.[解析]

上文提到作者做出選擇，充分利用每一天，但仍舊感到快樂和輕松；根據(jù)下文段落小標(biāo)題可知，作者就如何充分利用每一天給出了建議，因此空處應(yīng)承上啟下，引領(lǐng)下文各項(xiàng)建議。技法點(diǎn)撥：Test1

(2024·湛江一模)Settlingdownwithagreatnovelenablesyoutoconsiderideasthatmighthavenevercrossedyourmind,ifyouhadn'tchosenitinthefirstplace.1._________________________________________________________________________Ifyouhavetheurgeandarecuriousabouthowtostartabookclub,it'seasierthanyoumightthink.1．G

根據(jù)上下文可知，本句是在說明下文提到的“這種沖動(dòng)”的具體內(nèi)容，G項(xiàng)符合語境。體裁主題語境難度說明文建立讀書俱樂部★★★☆☆G．Andsometimesyoujustwanttodiscusswhatyou'vereadwithothers.

First,findmembers.Reachouttoyourexistingreading-lovingfriendsandpostanoticeinyourlocallibraryorbookstore.Ifyou'reopentoamoredigital-friendlyapproach,putthewordoutaboutyournewclubviaInternet.2.__________________________________________________________2．F

上文提到通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)宣傳你的新俱樂部，本句為本段最后一句，承接上文說明這么做的目的，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)符合語境。F．Youmaygetpeoplebeyondyourdailycontacttojoinyourcircle.

Thensetgroupguidelines.Toguaranteeyournewgroupisallonthesamepage,taketimetodiscusswhatyouwanttogetoutofregularclubgatheringsbeforeyourfirstofficialmeeting.Willyourtimetogetherbespentlargelyfocusingonthenovelathand?3.____________________________________________________Whileenjoyingstimulatingnon-bookconversationovercoffeeandsnacksisinnowayill-advised,noteveryonewhosignsupforabookclubiswillingtorejecttheirnovelforacup.3．E

根據(jù)上文提到的“你們?cè)谝黄鸬臅r(shí)間主要花在手頭的小說上嗎？”及下文提到的邊喝咖啡邊吃零食可推測，本句與上文并列，都是設(shè)問句，E項(xiàng)符合語境。E．Willrefreshmentsultimatelybethemostimportant?

4．_________________________________________Booksthatworkreallywellaretheonesthathelpyoureflectonself.Theyhavelotsofentrypointsforpeoplesotheyprobablyhaveagoodsetting.Also,there'sgreatcharacterdevelopment.Selectsomethingwiththecriteria,andyoucanpleaseallkindsofreaders.4．C

根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知，本段的主旨是關(guān)于書的選擇的建議，C項(xiàng)符合語境。C．Pickingbooksmayseemlikethetrickiestpart.

Asfarashowoftenyoumeet,thatscheduleisuptoyourmemberstodeterminewhat'srealistic—plushowlongitwilltaketocompletethebook.Asforlocation,meetingupatyourhomeisalwaysanoption.5._________________________________________Meetingatapublicspacecaneasethepressureofentertaining.5．A

上文提到見面的頻率、地點(diǎn)等，下文提到在公共場所見面可以緩解娛樂的壓力。所以本空是在針對(duì)上文提到的在家見面給出建議，A項(xiàng)符合語境。A．Don'tfeelboundtoactashost,though.A．Don'tfeelboundtoactashost,though.B．Whichscenehasstuckwithyouthemost?C．Pickingbooksmayseemlikethetrickiestpart.D．You'llgainasenseofcommunityfrombookclubs.E．Willrefreshmentsultimatelybethemostimportant?F．Youmaygetpeoplebeyondyourdailycontacttojoinyourcircle.G．Andsometimesyoujustwanttodiscusswhatyou'vereadwithothers.【語篇解讀】文章就如何建立讀書俱樂部提出了一些建議。Test2

(2024·湖北5月聯(lián)考)HowtoReducePaperWaste

Printoutdocumentsonlyifyouabsolutelyneedto

Whileitmaybeeasiertoprintdocuments,sinceyouwon'thavetologontoacomputerorsmartphonetofindthem,therearesomedisadvantagestoprinting.Printeddocumentstendtogetlost.1._____________________________________.Youmayforgettobringthemalongwithyou.1．A

根據(jù)上下文可知，此處講述的是打印文件存在的弊端。A項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語境。體裁主題語境難度說明文減少紙張浪費(fèi)★★☆☆☆A(yù)．Theymaytakeupalotofspace

Useclothbagsinsteadofpaperones

Alotofwaterandfuelneedtobeusedtoproducepaperbags.Paperbagsalsousuallyteareasilyandtheydon'ttendtodowellintherain.Also,thefertilizersandotherchemicalsthatareusedtomakepaperandfortreefarmingareacidraincontributors,andtheyalsocontributetohigherratesofwaterwayeutrophication(富營養(yǎng)化).2.________________________________________________________________________．2．G

根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Useclothbagsinsteadofpaperones”可知，本段講述的是使用布袋的問題。G項(xiàng)符合本段主旨。G．Clothbags,therefore,areamoreenvironmentallyfriendlychoice

Buyproductswithlesspackaging

Ahugeamountofsolidwasteisfrompackagingandisoftenthrownawayafterawhile.Thereareafewthingsyoucandotouselesspackaginginyourdailylife.3._______________________________________.Notonlycanthishelptoreducewastefrompackaging,butitcanalsosaveyoumoney.3．D

根據(jù)上文“Ahugeamountofsolidwasteisfrompackaging...inyourdailylife.”可知，此處在講述減少包裝浪費(fèi)的問題。D項(xiàng)銜接上文，符合語境。D．Carryreusablebagswheneverpossible

4．_______________________________

Whilepapercupsanddinnerware(餐具)mayseemconvenient,t