2019屆江蘇專用高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)第一部分模塊五Unit3Scienceandnature講義牛津譯林版

Ⅰ.高考單詞→識記·思考·運用1.核心詞匯①________n.利潤，收益

vi.&vt.獲益；對……有用②________n.總結(jié)；概括，概要③exactadj.精確的，準確的→________adv.精確地，準確地；確實如此④________n.意圖，目的；企圖→intendvt.&vi.打算，計劃，想要→________adj.打算的，計劃的⑤adoptvt.收養(yǎng)，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)；采用，采納→________n.收養(yǎng)，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)；采用→________adj.收養(yǎng)的，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的⑥professionn.職業(yè)，行業(yè)→________adj.職業(yè)的

n.專業(yè)人員⑦________n.關(guān)系；親戚→relatevt.&vi.聯(lián)系，把……聯(lián)系起來；敘述，講述→________adj.相關(guān)的⑧________n.多數(shù)，大多數(shù)→majoradj.主要的；多數(shù)的

vi.主修→________n.少數(shù)民族；少數(shù)，少數(shù)人⑨________n.仔細考慮；必須考慮的因素；體諒，顧及→considerv.考慮；認為→________adj.考慮周到的，體貼的→________prep.&conj.考慮到，鑒于，就……而言→________adj.相當(dāng)多(大、重要等)的答案①profit

②summary③exactly

④intention；intended⑤adoption；adopted

⑥professional⑦relation；related

⑧majority；minority

⑨consideration；considerate；considering；considerable2.?？荚~匯①transformvt.________②nutritionn.________③conceptn.________④real-lifeadj.________⑤physiciann.________⑥harvestvt.&vi.________⑦rainforestn.________⑧chainn.________⑨foodchainn.________答案①使改變外觀或性質(zhì)(尤指向好的方向)；使改變形態(tài)②營養(yǎng)

③概念；觀念④真實的，現(xiàn)實生活中的⑤醫(yī)師，內(nèi)科醫(yī)生⑥收割(莊稼)

⑦雨林⑧一系列；一連串(人或事)

⑨食物鏈用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Formanyyears，the________(major)ofIrishpeopleearnedtheirlivingasfarmers.2.Hewasfoundstealingitemsfromtheshopwhereheworked.________(consequence)，hewastakenoffhisposition.3.Theoldmanlivedwithhisthree________(adopt)childrenandtheyenjoyedahappylife.4.Everything________(consider)，thisplanisquitepractical.5.________(actual)，heisfromAustralia.6.________(brief)speaking，Ican’tagreewithyoumore.7.Heissaidtobe________(relate)withtheSmithsbymarriage.8.Inever________thingstoturnoutthewaytheydidandIhadleftwiththe________offindingabetterjobforher.(intend)9.Weneedtoaskourparentsfor________beforewestartthejourney.Iftheydon’t________ustotakeajourney，wemustwaitforanothertime.(permit)10.Thoseideaswerethe________ofourproject，whichwas________intendedtohelpthosewhocouldn’tgotoschool.Butaftercarefulconsideration，wechangedour________planintoanotheronecoveringawidervarietyofchildrenintrouble.(origin)答案1.majority

2.Consequently

3.adopted

4.considered5.Actually6.Briefly

7.related

8.intended；intention9.permission；permit

10.origin；originally；original?形近詞歸納①adopt采納；收養(yǎng)—adapt適應(yīng)；改編②pest害蟲—nest窩，巢③hunger饑荒—hunter獵人④follow跟隨—fellow家伙，同事⑤concert音樂會—concept概念⑥goal目標；球門—goat山羊⑦call電話—cell細胞；電池⑧intention意圖，目的—invention發(fā)明【聯(lián)想·積累】?“詞中詞”法幫你記①firm→confirm

證實，證明②form→transform

使改觀③sum→summary

總結(jié)，概要④rate→accurate

精確的⑤culture→agriculture

農(nóng)業(yè)⑥source→resource

資源⑦come→income

收入⑧fit→profit

利潤?聚焦-able結(jié)尾形容詞①reliable可以信賴的②enjoyable令人喜愛的③comfortable舒適的④suitable適合的⑤available可以利用的⑥valuable有價值的⑦reasonable合乎情理的⑧believable可信的開心詞場→核心單詞串記Withthepermissionofhisfamilymembersandrelations，thesurgeon，asaprofessional，adoptedthebreakthroughinmedicalfieldandconductedanoperationonhim.Theresultconfirmedthedoctor’soriginal

conjecture.Hehadsufferedcancerandsomekindoftissuehadbeendamaged，whichbroughtanxietytohisfamily.Actually，thiskindofdiseasecannotbecuredatpresent.Their

intentionwasnotrealized.Nodoubtthiswasacatastrophetothisfamily.Ⅱ.重點短語→識記·思考·運用1.動詞(＋副詞)＋介詞①concentrate________集中精力于，全神貫注于②comment________對……進行評論③pushahead________努力推進④succeed________doing成功地做答案①on

②on

③with

④in2.介詞短語①ontheonehand...onthe________hand一方面……另一方面……②inagreement________贊成，同意；與……一致③________favourof贊同，支持④________summary概括地說⑤________sale供出售⑥________theintentionof以……為意圖；為了……目的⑦________one’swayto(doing)sth

某事即將發(fā)生答案①other

②with

③in④in

⑤for

⑥with

⑦on3.其他①followinone’s________效仿某人②take...________consideration認真考慮③bestrongly________強烈反對④belimited________局限于答案①footsteps

②into

③against④to用左欄所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空1.TheMinistryofEducationinChinais________itscurriculumreform(課程改革)，whichwillhavegoodconsequences.2.Ican’t________mystudieswithallthatnoisegoingonoutside.3.Theteachingofhistoryshouldnot________datesandfigures.4.Happyandcalmisthemanwho________allthesepossibilities________andarrivesattheappointmenteitherearlyorontime.5.Obviously，thisisasample(樣本)________，sodon’texpecttoseeitanytime.6.ItalkedtoSusieaboutourplan，andshe’sall________joiningus.7.Whathesaysisalways________________whathedoes.8.Canyou________thecurrentsituation?答案1.pushingaheadwith

2.concentrateon

3.belimitedto4.takes；intoconsideration

5.forsale

6.infavorof

7.inagreementwith

8.commenton【聯(lián)想·積累】?你會“總結(jié)”嗎？①insummary ②inconclusion③inbrief ④inshort⑤inaword ⑥tobeshort⑦tosumup?for短語T臺秀①forsale出售

②forexample例如③forfun為了娛樂

④forsure確信⑤forfree免費?place短語小結(jié)①takeplace發(fā)生；舉行②taketheplaceof代替，取代③inplaceof代替④outofplace不在適當(dāng)位置⑤inplace在適當(dāng)位置⑥takeone’splace取代Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句式→識記·思考·運用原句背誦感悟1.ThefirstmammaltobeclonedsuccessfullyfromanadultcellwasDollythesheep.

第一只成功地用成年動物細胞克隆出的哺乳動物是多利羊。2.Theboywasmorefrightenedthanhurt.

與其說這個男孩受傷倒不如說是害怕。3.Nowhereisthistruerthanwithgeneticallymodified(GM)food.

轉(zhuǎn)基因食品就是最好的例子。4.Noteverythingthatisbestfornatureisgoodforpeople.并不是所有對自然最好的事情對人類也是最好的。5.OneaimofGMresearchistoproducefoodwhichwillmakeushealthier.轉(zhuǎn)基因研究的一個目的是生產(chǎn)出能讓我們更健康的食品。句型公式仿寫1.thefirst＋(n./pron.)＋不定式

MoYanis________________theNobelPrizeforLiterature.

莫言是第一個獲得諾貝爾文學(xué)獎的中國人。2.more...than...與其說……倒不如說……Heis________________.

與其說他是一個教師，不如說是一名學(xué)者。3.“否定詞＋比較級”表示最高級

Icouldn’tthinkof_____________________________________.

我再也想不出比這更好的主意了。4.noteverything...表示部分否定

________________fondoffootball./________________fondoffootball.

并不是每一名同學(xué)都喜歡足球。5.make＋復(fù)合賓語

Wemust________________.

我們必須把校園變得更加美麗。答案1.thefirstChinesetowin

2.moreascholarthanateacher

3.abetteridea

4.Noteverystudentis；Everystudentisnot

5.makeourschoolmorebeautiful【聯(lián)想·積累】“否定詞＋比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)(1)否定詞為not：這類句子意為“沒有更……”“不會更……”“不比……更”，根據(jù)不同的語境可以譯為“再……不過”、“非?！薄啊貌坏昧恕薄ⅰ白睢钡?。Iwassonervous，butshecouldn’thavebeennicertome.我非常緊張，但是，她對我非常好。(2)否定詞為nothing：這類句子的基本意為“沒有什么更……”，根據(jù)不同的語境有時可以直譯，有時也譯為“最……”、“再……不過了”等。Shelikesnothingbetterthananicelongwalkalongthebeach.沒有什么比她沿著海灘漫步更令她喜歡的了。[單

詞

點

睛]1.intentionn.意圖，目的；企圖(1)withtheintentionof...以……為目的(2)intendtodo/doingsth打算做某事intendsbtodosth打算讓某人做某事hadintendedtodosth/intendedtohavedonesth本來打算做某事beintendedtodosth/forsth專門為……；專門給……單項填空/完成句子①I’veno________ofchangingmyplansjusttofitinwithhis.A.consequence

B.intentionC.anxiety

D.identity②I_________________________(本來打算趕早班火車)，butIdidn’tgetupintime.③I____________________________(打算用報告作為證據(jù))tosupportmycase.④Thisprogramwassetup_________________(以為無家可歸者提供幫助為目的).答案①B

[havenointentionofdoingsth“不想做某事”。]②hadintendedtocatchtheearlytrain

③intendedtouse/usingthereportasevidence

④withtheintentionofprovidinghelptohomelesspeople2.adoptvt.收養(yǎng)，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)；采用，采納(1)adoptapolicy/one’sidea采納某項政策/某人的意見adoptamethod/measures采用方法/采取措施(2)adoptedadj.收養(yǎng)的adoptionn.收養(yǎng)；采取【特別提醒】

adopt與adapt是容易混淆的形似詞；adapt意為“適應(yīng)，改編”。[妙語助記]

Theyoungcouplehadnochildrenoftheirownandadoptedanorphan.Afterafewmonths，theorphancametoadapttohisnewlife.這對年輕夫婦沒有自己的孩子，領(lǐng)養(yǎng)了一名孤兒。幾個月過后這個孤兒漸漸適應(yīng)了他的新生活。單項填空①Hissuggestionhasbeen________bypeopleinmanypartsoftheworld.A.adopting

B.adoptedC.adapted

D.adapting②Itoccurredtomethathe________agirlwhoseparentsdiedintheearthquake.A.adapted

B.adoptedC.adored

D.arranged答案①B

[句意：他的建議被世界許多地方的人所采納。主語和動詞之間是被動關(guān)系，排除A、D項，adopt“采納”，故正確答案為B。]②B

[adopt“收養(yǎng)”，符合句意。](1)infavourof贊同，支持insb’s

favour

對某人有利；有助于某人(2)askafavourofsb請某人幫忙dosbafavour/doafavourforsb給某人以恩惠；幫某人一個忙3.favour(favor)

n.贊同，支持；恩惠，幫助；偏愛，偏袒單項填空①—MayIaska________ofyoutofetchsomejuice?—Withpleasure.A.favour

B.requestC.help

D.command②I’llraisebothhands________banningsmokinginsidetheschoolyard.A.in

favourof B.inmemoryofC.in

honourof D.insearchof答案①A

[askafavourofsb

“請某人幫個忙”，為固定搭配。]②A

[句意：我將舉雙手贊成校園內(nèi)禁止吸煙。infavourof“支持，擁護”；inmemoryof“為了紀念”；inhonourof“為了紀念……，為了慶?！保?/p>

insearchof“搜尋，尋找”。根據(jù)句意可知A項正確。](1)ina/themajority占大多數(shù)a/themajorityof大多數(shù)……by/withamajorityof以大多數(shù)……(2)minorityn.少數(shù)intheminority占少數(shù)4.majorityn.多數(shù)，大多數(shù)【特別提醒】themajority作主語時，謂語動詞用單復(fù)數(shù)形式均可；the/amajorityof＋名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)與該名詞的數(shù)一致。單項填空/完成句子①One-thirdofthecountry________coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens________blackpeople.A.is；are B.is；isC.are；are D.are；is②Forexample，ifyoulookattheaudienceataclassicalconcert，____________________.(2014·安徽，任務(wù)型讀寫)例如，你看一看聽古典音樂會的觀眾，大部分是五十歲以上的。答案①A

[分數(shù)、百分比、themajorityof,theminorityof等結(jié)構(gòu)的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其后面所跟的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。thecountry是單數(shù)，而thecitizens是復(fù)數(shù)，故選A。]②themajorityis/areovertheageoffiftyinconsequence＝asaconsequence＝asaresult因此；所以inconsequenceof＝asaconsequenceof＝asaresultof由于take/suffer/facetheconsequencesof承擔(dān)……的后果answerfortheconsequence對后果負責(zé)5.consequencen.結(jié)果，后果單項填空/寫作句式訓(xùn)練①________yourbadworkIamforcedtodismissyou.A.Withaviewto B.InthefaceofC.Inprotestagainst D.Inconsequenceof②________________，IdecidetoexchangeitforsomethingthatIreallyneedatpresent.(2012·重慶，書面表達)因此，我決定用它來換取目前真正需要的東西。答案①D

[句意：因為你工作差，所以我被迫解雇你。inconsequenceof“因為，由于……”，符合句意。inthefaceof“面對”；withaviewto“抱著做某事的希望”；inprotestagainst“反對”。]②Asaconsequenceinbrief簡言之inshort總之，綜上所述tobebrief簡言之brieflyspeaking簡言之6.briefadj.短時間的，短暫的；簡潔的，簡單的

n.簡要；摘要單項填空①Learningaforeignlanguagecallsforyourmemory，time，patienceandemotions.________itisnotasimplething.A.Asaresultof B.InbriefC.Ingenerally D.Intheconclusion②________，herworkhasbeengood，butthisessayisdreadful.A.Toconclusion B.InthewordC.Afterall D.Tobebrief答案①B

[后一句句意：簡言之，那不是一件簡單的事。inbrief“簡言之”，固定用法。]②D

[tobebrief“簡言之，總之”，固定搭配，符合題意。][短

語

點

撥]1.ontheonehand...ontheother(hand)...一方面……另一方面……OntheonehandIadmirehisgifts，butontheother(hand)Idistrusthisjudgement.

一方面我羨慕他的才華，而另一方面我卻懷疑他的判斷力。athand用手；親自give/lendsbahand幫某人一把handinhand手拉手；同時并存inhand(錢、物、時間)在手中；(局勢)在控制中onhand在手邊(隨時可用)；出席，在場【特別提醒】ontheonehand中的the可以省略；on(the)onehand和ontheotherhand成對出現(xiàn)時，第二個hand可以省略。單項填空/寫作句式訓(xùn)練①Iwouldlikeajobwhichpaysmore，but________IenjoytheworkI’mdoingatthemoment.A.inotherwords B.ontheotherhandC.foronething D.asamatteroffact②Ontheonehand，it’seasytocarry._______，it’susednotonlyforwritingbutalsoforotherimportantaspects.(2014·湖南，書面表達)一方面它便于攜帶，另一方面它不僅可以用來寫字而且還可用于其他重要方面。答案①B

[ontheotherhand“另一方面”，符合句意。]②Ontheotherhand2.oconsideration認真考慮……Insummary，IinsistthatyoutaketheopinionsofthepeopleoftheUKintoconsideration，andendthispracticeimmediately.總之，我堅持認為你應(yīng)該把全英國人們的想法考慮進去，并且盡快結(jié)束這種練習(xí)。underconsideration在考慮中inconsiderationof考慮到；鑒于單項填空/完成句子①Youmusttakeeverythinginto________whenyouwanttodoadifficulttask.A.observation

B.regardC.counting

D.consideration②Yourproposals______________________(仍在考慮中).③________________________(一切考慮在內(nèi))，theeventwasagreatsuccess.答案①D

[句意：當(dāng)你想完成一項困難任務(wù)的時候，你必須把一切考慮在內(nèi)。oconsideration“認真考慮”，符合句意。]②arestillunderconsideration③Takingeverythingintoconsideration3.getburnedout耗盡體力，累垮

Bytheageof25shegotburnedoutandretiredfromthesport.

她到25歲時就耗盡了體力，退出了體壇。(1)get＋v.－ed使達到，使進入(某種狀態(tài))getusedto習(xí)慣于；getdressed穿上衣服；getmarried結(jié)婚；getsunburnt

曬傷；gethurt受傷害(2)get＋v.－ing開始gettalking談了起來；getmoving開始移動(3)get＋todo開始(感覺到、認識到、成為)，達到……地步(程度)gettoknow認識；gettorealize開始意識到；gettolike開始喜歡用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①Youwilllikeher，onceyouget________(know)her.②Hegotusedto________(get)upsoearly.③Weneedtoget________(go)soon.④Theyplantoget________(marry)inthesummer.答案①toknow

②getting

③going

④married1.consequence：result2.actually：asamatteroffact，infact，inreality3.followinone’sfootsteps：followtheexampleof4.beinfavorof：befor，support5.pointofview：opinion[句

式

透

析]1.Nowhereisthistruerthanwithgeneticallymodified(GM)food.

轉(zhuǎn)基因食品就是最好的例子。

(1)句中nowhere...truer...是比較級的形式，表示最高級的含義。在英語中，“Noother＋單數(shù)名詞/Nothing/Noone/None/Nobody等否定詞＋...＋比較級＋than...”句型是比較級表示最高級，句意：再沒有比……更……的了。

(2)最高級的幾種表達方式：?“否定詞＋比較級”表示最高級?比較級＋thananyother＋名詞?含有否定意義的詞＋so/as＋原級＋as...?never＋such＋原級＋名詞?can’t/couldn’t＋比較級，表