2019屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-Module-4-A-Social-Survey-My-Neighbourhood講義-外研版必修

高考寫作24個(gè)話題——文學(xué)藝術(shù)【話題詞匯】1．commentn．&v．評(píng)論2．descriptionn.描述3．masterpiecen.代表作4．a(chǎn)daptv.改編5．publishv.出版6．vividadj.生動(dòng)的7．beneficialadj.有益的8．classicadj.&n.經(jīng)典的/名著9．originaladj.&n.原創(chuàng)的/原作10．wintheNobelPrizeinLiterature獲諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)11．Itisbettertodo...做……會(huì)更好12．Thereisnodenyingthat...不可否認(rèn)……【美文佳作】假設(shè)你是李津，你的美國朋友Chris就讀于天津某國際學(xué)校。他熱愛中國文化，特別是戲曲文化。8月5日下午2：00在新落成的天津大劇院將上演越劇《梁山伯與祝英臺(tái)》。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下提示，用英語給Chris寫一封電子郵件，邀請(qǐng)他一起觀看演出。

1.提出邀請(qǐng)并簡述原因；

2.提出觀劇后的活動(dòng)建議(如參觀附近的博物館或美術(shù)館等)；

3.請(qǐng)求對(duì)方回復(fù)。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使內(nèi)容充實(shí)、行文連貫。參考詞匯：《梁山伯與祝英臺(tái)》Butter

fly

LoversOnepossibleversionDearChris，

Ihavegoodnewstotellyou.①I'dliketoinviteyoutoseeButter

fly

Lovers，afamousChineseYueOpera，whichis

tobeputonatthenewlybuiltTianjinGrandTheaterat2：00p．m.onAugust5th.②Asyouknow，asyourclosefriend，IknowyouarefondofChineseculture，especiallyoperaculture.

Ofcourse，besidesgoingtothetheater，wecandosomeothermeaningfulthings，suchasvisitingthemuseumortheartgallerynearby，whichbothcontainalotofitemsofgreatvalue.I'msurethatwewillhaveagoodtime.I'mlookingforwardtoreceivingyourreply.Bestwishes.Yours，LiJin【佳句仿寫】1．根據(jù)句①中“be＋todo”結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫句子Doyouknow________________________________________?你知道下一步該做什么嗎？2．根據(jù)句②仿寫句子Theairqualityinthecity，_______________________________，hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.正如報(bào)告所顯示的那樣，在過去的兩個(gè)月里，這個(gè)城市的空氣質(zhì)量已有所改善?！敬鸢浮?/p>

1.whatyouaretodonext2．whichisshowninthereport核心單詞單詞運(yùn)用1.survey

n．調(diào)查2.neighbourhood

n．四鄰；街坊3.suburb

n．城郊；效區(qū)4.

attractive

adj.有吸引力的；吸引人的；

attract

vt.吸引；attraction

n．吸引力5.fortunate

adj.幸運(yùn)的；吉祥的；fortune

n．運(yùn)氣；財(cái)富；fortunately

adv.幸運(yùn)地6.pretty

adv.很；相當(dāng)；adj.漂亮的7.sound

vi.聽起來8.bother

vt.打擾；煩擾；麻煩9.nuisance

n．令人討厭的人或事10.approach

vt.接近11.gorgeous

adj.美麗的；宜人的12.starve

vi.餓死；starvation

n．餓死13.traffic

n．交通14.occupation

n．職業(yè)15.exchange

vt.交換16.fascinating

adj.迷人的；吸引人的；fascinated

adj.著迷的；fascination

n．魅力，迷戀17.afford

vt.買得起；有能力支付18.survive

vi.死里逃生；大難不死；survival

n．幸存；survivor

n．幸存者19.contact

vt.聯(lián)絡(luò)；聯(lián)系(某人)；n.聯(lián)系人語境助記——詞不離句，句不離段Arecentsurveyshowsthataquarterofthelocalworkforceisunemployed.Forsome，theprettyhighrentforthehouseismorethantheycanaffordandsomeareevenstarving.Fortunately，thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestosolvetheproblem.Ⅰ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Asmellmaybeattractive(attract)butitmaynotjustbeusedforfresheningair.2.Tourism(tour)istheworld'slargestandfastestgrowingindustry.3.Mr.Brownthankedherforallthewonderfulpostersandgaveheraprofessional(profession)artist'sset.4.Almost50%ofthosesurveyed(survey)saidthattheysupportedthePresident'sdecision.5.Becauseofthedrought，thousandsofpeoplediedofstarvation

(starve)eachyearinthepast.6.Thegovernmentishopingtoopenupnewareasofindustrytoprovide

employment(employ)．7.Itwasfortunateofthemtomakeafortunetradingwithforeigners.Andmore

fortunatelyforthem，theyweresupportedbythegovernment.(fortunate)8.Onlytwopassengerssurvivedtheaircrash.Whenthetwosurvivorswereinterviewed，theysaidtheirsurvival

wasawonder.(survive)Ⅱ.單詞拼寫1.Wereceivelotsoftourists(旅游者)everyyearbecauseoftheheavenlysceneryhere.2.Seventypercentofthepeoplewhowere

surveyed

(調(diào)查)sufferedfromthisdisease.3.Sheseemedpretty(非常)satisfiedwiththeexperimentresult.4.Thenovelissoattractive(吸引人的)thatIforgetthelunch-time.5.Thepolicemanapproached

(走近)thethiefquietlyandcaughthim.高頻短語短語運(yùn)用1.put_up建立2.so_far/up_to_now/till_now

到目前為止3.get_away_from

擺脫4.a_great/good_many/a_number_of

許多；大量5.go_up

上升6.the_business_district

商業(yè)區(qū)7.high-rise_buildings

高樓大廈8.as_a_result

結(jié)果9.pay_back

償還10.on_the_committee

在委員會(huì)里用高頻短語的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Alargebuildingwillbeput_upwheretherewasasquare.2.Thesumwaspaid_backtothebankwithinterest.3.As_a_result，thebadthinghasbeenturnedintoagoodone.4.Iboughta_great_many/a_number_of

books，onwhichIspentallthatmoneythatIsaved.5.Withthepriceofhousesgoing_up，manypeoplecan'taffordanewhouse.6.Iwantto_get_away_fromcitylightsandlookatthestarsinthesky.7.So_farwehavebeenworkingontheprojectforthreeyears.常用句型句型運(yùn)用1.It's_beensixyearssincewelastsaweachother，youknow.【信息提取】

Itis/hasbeen＋一段時(shí)間＋

since...2.Andthis_is_the_first_timeI'vevisitedyourhometown.【信息提取】

Itisthefirst/secondtimethatsb.have/hasdone...1.Sheleftschoolthreeyearsagoand_____________________anurseeversince她三年前畢業(yè)，從那時(shí)起便一直當(dāng)護(hù)士?！敬鸢浮?/p>

hasworkedas2.Itisthefirsttime________________.這是我第一次參觀北京?！敬鸢浮?/p>

thatIhavevisitedBeijing重點(diǎn)語法：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.SofarthisyearI______morethantwentyarticlesandI'lltrymybesttowritemore.(publish)2.—________you________himaroundthemuseumyet？(show)—Yes.Wehadagreattimethere.3.Withthehelpofexperiencedcareerinstructors,thistypeofjobhuntingtraining________tobeveryefficient.(prove)4.Itseemsthatyou________thisreportoryoucanseewhatIquestionedjustnow.(read)5.Thecoffeeiswonderful.Itdoesn'ttastelikeanythingI________before.(have)【答案】

1.havepublished

2.Have

shown

3.hasproved

4.haven'tread

5.havehad[詞匯突破]1．bothervt.打擾；煩擾；麻煩Ican'tbotherhimwithmylittleaffairs.我不能因自己那點(diǎn)小事去打擾他。Youneedn'tbothertocometomyoffice.你不必特地來我辦公室?！練w納拓展】(1)bothersb.with

sth.拿……來打擾某人botherabout/withsth.為……而煩惱；為……而費(fèi)心bothertodosth.特意做……(2)haveno/much/littlebother(in)doing...做……毫不費(fèi)力/很費(fèi)力/幾乎不費(fèi)力

單句語法填空①Don'tbother______gettingdinnerforme.②Don'tbotherme______littlethingslikethat.③Idon'twanttoputyou______anybother.④Don'tbother______(you)aboutcloningmypetcat.Idon'texpecttobringitbacktolife.【答案】

①about

②with

③to

④yourself2．a(chǎn)pproach(1)vt.&vi.接近；靠近Approachtheperfumerandyouwillbeperfumed.(諺)近馨者香。ChristmasDayisapproaching.圣誕節(jié)即將來臨。(2)n.接近；方法；途徑Don'tmakeapproachestothatfellow.不要接近那個(gè)家伙。Thebestapproachtolearningaforeignlanguageisthestudyofthespokenlanguage.學(xué)習(xí)外語的最好的途徑是學(xué)口語。

【歸納拓展】approachto接近，約等于；(做某事)的方法。to是介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語。makeapproachestosb.接近某人attheapproachof在……快到的時(shí)候bedifficultofapproach(指地方)難到達(dá)的；(指人)難于接近的beeasyofapproach(指地方)容易到達(dá)的，交通方便的；(指人)容易接近的

【溫馨提示】

approach作動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，一般用作及物動(dòng)詞；作名詞時(shí)，后常與介詞to搭配，而way和method后常接介詞of。

多維訓(xùn)練(1)同義句改寫①Withthetimeforgraduationapproaching，wearebusywithourpapers.a．__________________________________________________(用corner短語改寫)b．__________________________________________________(用as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句改寫)②Whenweapproachedthecitycenter，wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作時(shí)間狀語改寫)_______________________________________________________(2)單句改錯(cuò)Thejobmarkethaschangedandourapproachtofindworkmustchangeaswell.________【答案】

(1)①a.Withthetimeforgraduationjustaround/roundthecorner，wearebusywithourpapers.b．Asthetimeforgraduationisapproaching/drawingnear，wearebusywithourpapers.②Approachingthecitycenter，wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.(2)find→finding

高考鏈接(2016·新課標(biāo)卷Ⅲ，B)TheysettledinatacomfortableEastSidecafeandwithinminutes，anothercustomerwas________(approach)theirtable.【答案】

approaching3．exchangevt.&n．交換；交流；兌換Theyexchangedangrywordsbeforethemeetingbutwerefinallypersuadedtoagree.他們在會(huì)議前爭吵起來，經(jīng)勸說最后言歸于好。He'sgivingherFrenchlessonsinexchangeforherteachinghimEnglish.他教她法語，她教他英語，互教互學(xué)(作為交換條件)。【歸納拓展】exchangeAforB以A換Bexchangesth.withsb.同某人交換某物inexchangefor以……換……makeanexchange交換exchangewords爭吵，吵架介、副詞填空①Ishookhandsandexchangedafewwords________themanager.②Youcanexchangeyourcurrency______dollarsinthehotel.③WouldyoulikemyoldTVinexchange________thiscamera?④I'lltypeyourreportifyou'llbabysit________exchange.【答案】

①with

②for

③for

④in4．a(chǎn)ffordvt.買得起，負(fù)擔(dān)得起；(有時(shí)間)做；承擔(dān)得起(后果)；提供，給予Thepriceofhousesgoesupandpeoplefromtheareacannotaffordtobuyahousethere.房子的價(jià)格漲了上去，本地區(qū)的人在那兒都買不起房子了。Icanonlyaffordthecheapestone.我只買得起最便宜的那一個(gè)。I'dlovetogoonholidaybutIcan'taffordthetime.我想去度假，可是抽不出時(shí)間來。

【歸納拓展】affordtodosth.負(fù)擔(dān)得起干某事affordsb.sth.＝affordsth.tosb.給予某人某物Wecan'taffordtogoonvacationthisyear.今年我們沒錢去度假。TelevisionandtheInternetaffordmuchpleasuretomanypeople.電視與因特網(wǎng)絡(luò)給許多人帶來很大樂趣。【溫馨提示】

afford意為“買得起，負(fù)擔(dān)得起”時(shí)，常與can，could，beableto連用，后接名詞、代詞或不定式。句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Icanaffordanewcar.Icanafford________anewcar.②Shefeltshecouldn'thaveenoughtimeoffwork.Shefeltshecouldn't________anymoretimeoffwork.【答案】

①tobuy

②afford

高考鏈接(2016·江蘇卷，D)Sheranattheschoolchampionshipsbarefootedbecauseshecouldn't________(afford)shoes.【答案】

afford5．survivevt.&vi.死里逃生；大難不死，幸存；艱難度過AllthesethingsmeanthatmanyvillagersinwesternEuropearefightingtosurvive.所有這些都意味著西歐的村民們?yōu)榱松嬖谄D難地奮斗著。

【歸納拓展】survivesth.從(事故/火災(zāi)/地震等)……中幸存下來survivesb.比……活的時(shí)間長/壽命長surviveonsth.靠……繼續(xù)維持生活ThosewhosurvivedtheWenchuanearthquakehavereceivedtimelyaid.那些在汶川地震中幸存下來的人獲得了及時(shí)的救助。Theoldmanwastheonlypersonwhosurvivedintheplanecrash.這位老人是飛機(jī)墜毀事件中的唯一生還者。Idon'tknowhowyouallmanagetosurviveonJeremy'ssalary.我真不知道你們只靠杰里米的薪金是怎樣過活的。Scientificresearchshowsthatwomentendtosurvivetheirhusbands.科學(xué)研究表明婦女往往比她們的丈夫壽命長。

多維訓(xùn)練(1)單句語法填空①M(fèi)r.Whitesurvivedhiswife________9years.②Manyofthepeasantsmanagedtosurvive________tinyplotsofcornandbeans.③Shewasthelast________(survive)ofthefamily.(2)單句改錯(cuò)Thisdrugcanhelppeoplesurvivefromheartattacks.________【答案】

(1)①by

②on

③survivor

(2)去掉from

高考鏈接(2016·北京卷)Afewdaring________(survive)，though，alongwithafewstay－in－the－cavetypes.【答案】

survived6．contact(1)vt.聯(lián)絡(luò)；聯(lián)系(某人)Shecontactedmeassoonasshearrived.她一到就和我聯(lián)系了。(2)n.聯(lián)系；聯(lián)系人IfinallymadecontactwithherinParis.我終于在巴黎與她取得了聯(lián)系。WehaveacontactinHainan.我們在海南有一位聯(lián)系人。

【歸納拓展】beincontactwith...和……接觸，有聯(lián)系beoutofcontactwith...和……失去聯(lián)系makecontactwith...和……聯(lián)系comeinto(in)contactwith...與……接觸havecontactwith...和……有聯(lián)系losecontactwith...和……失去聯(lián)系

完成句子①We______himsinceheleftlastsummer.自從他去年夏天離去，我們就失去了聯(lián)系。②Thepilotwastrying______hisbase.飛行員正試圖與基地取得聯(lián)系。③I______mymotherbytelephoneformanyyears.許多年來我一直與母親保持電話聯(lián)系。④AndthenextstepI______Dr.Xutoenquirerelativeinformation.接下來，我會(huì)積極地和許博士聯(lián)系，仔細(xì)詢問相關(guān)事宜?！敬鸢浮?/p>

①havelostcontactwith

②tomakecontactwith

③havekeptincontactwith

④willbeincontactwith[短語聚焦]1．putup(1)修建；建造Anewrailwayhasbeenputuparoundthecity.環(huán)城鐵路已修建完工。(2)支起；舉起；張貼Severaltentshavebeenputupforustosleepin.我們搭起了幾個(gè)帳篷來睡覺。Studentsarerequiredtoputuptheirhandsbeforeaskingquestionsinclass.在課堂上要求同學(xué)們舉手問問題。(3)為……提供食宿Sinceit'slate，we'llputyouupforthenight.因?yàn)樘?，我們?qǐng)你今晚就住在這里。

【歸納拓展】putdown放下；記下putout熄滅；伸出；生產(chǎn)putoff推遲；消除puton穿(戴)上；上演；增添；裝出putaway放好；收拾好；儲(chǔ)蓄putaside把……放在一邊putforward提出(意見、建議)；推薦；把時(shí)針向前撥putthrough接通電話putupwith忍受；忍耐；受苦寫出下列句子中putup的含義①Sheisputtingherselfupforelectiontothecommittee.________②Thefarmersputupfivetonsofhayforthewinter.________③Themedicineisputupinsmallbottles.________④Manyblocksofflatswereputupinthe1990's.________⑤I'mafraidIcan'tputyouup.________⑥Heiswillingtoputupmoneyonthelocalteam.________【答案】

①參加競選②貯藏③把……打成包④建造，蓋起(房子)

⑤供給……(膳宿)

⑥下(賭注)2．getawayfrom

擺脫Inwintersomepeoplegotothesouthtogetawayfromcoldweather.在冬天人們?nèi)ツ戏奖芎?。getsb.awayfrom使某人擺脫(同義)getoutof避開；擺脫【歸納拓展】getacross使通過；讓……聽懂getinto進(jìn)入；陷入；染上getback回來；恢復(fù)getdown下車；寫下getout出去；離開getoff離開，動(dòng)身；下班getin插話；收獲getover克服；從……恢復(fù)過來getintothehabitof...養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣完成句子①Idon'tknowhowtheymanageto________payingsuchlowwages.我不知道他們支付這么低的工資是怎樣逃避處罰的。②Thenewastohowtheymanagedto________thedifficultiesrapidlyspreadoverthewholenation.他們?nèi)绾卧O(shè)法克服困難的消息迅速傳遍全國?！敬鸢浮?/p>

①getawaywith

②getover

高考鏈接(2016·新課標(biāo)卷Ⅰ，B)Inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn't______(擺脫)homefarenoughorfastenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown.【答案】

getawayfrom3．a(chǎn)numberof許多；大量Anumberofstudentsarecrazyaboutfootball.一些學(xué)生癡迷足球運(yùn)動(dòng)。(1)當(dāng)“anumberof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，anumberof相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，其修飾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞才是主語。

(2)“thenumberof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”的意思是“……的數(shù)目”，當(dāng)其作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，因?yàn)榇藭r(shí)的主語是thenumber。

(3)其他表示數(shù)量的詞匯：①接不可數(shù)名詞的有：alargeamountof，much，agreatdealof，alittle等；

②后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的有：many，dozensof，scoresof，agreat/goodmany，a/thenumberof，afew等；③既可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)又可接不可數(shù)名詞的有：plentyof，alotof，lotsof，some等。【溫馨提示】當(dāng)“amountsof/quantitiesof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式?！癮quantityof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；“aquantityof＋不可數(shù)名詞”和“anamountof＋不可數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

用be的不同形式填空①There________(be)agreatnumberofbooksintheshelves.②Thenumberofguestsinvited________(be)50，butanumberofthem________(be)absentfortheheavyrain.③Quantitiesofwater________(be)pollutednow.④Agreatdealofoil________(be)pouredintotheseaanddidgreatharmtocreaturesinthewater.【答案】

①are

②was;were

③are

④was

高考鏈接(2016·新課標(biāo)卷Ⅱ)However，thereare________(許多)otherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears.【答案】

anumberof[句型精析]1．It's_been_six_years_sincewelastsaweachother，youknow.你知道，自從我們上次見面到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有六年了。本句含有一個(gè)“itis/hasbeen＋時(shí)間段＋since...”句式，意為“自從……以來已有某段時(shí)間了”。Ithasbeenfiveyearssincewemetlasttime.

離我們最后一次見面已有五年了。It'salreadythreeyearssinceheworkedinthiscompany，andnowhestillcan'tfindajob.自從他離開這家公司已有三年了，現(xiàn)在還沒有找到一份工作。

【溫馨提示】這個(gè)句式中的系動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，其謂語動(dòng)詞如果是瞬間動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)，表示從該動(dòng)作開始的時(shí)候算起；如果是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)，表示從該動(dòng)作結(jié)束的時(shí)候算起?！練w納拓展】(1)itwas＋時(shí)間段＋before...過了多久才……(2)itwasnotlong＋時(shí)間段＋before...不久就……(3)itwill(not)be＋時(shí)間段＋

before...要過多久/不久……才……(4)it＋is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分＋that＋句子的剩余部分

(5)Itis/was＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)＋when引導(dǎo)的定語從句或時(shí)間狀語從句。

【溫馨提示】如果itis/was后面的時(shí)間詞組是原句中的時(shí)間狀語，通常是介詞短語，這句話是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。使用以上It句式最容易出錯(cuò)的地方是選擇連接詞，遇到類似的試題可這樣考慮：如果系動(dòng)詞是was或willbe，且是時(shí)間段名詞詞組，后面要用before。如果系動(dòng)詞是is或hasbeen，且